US3421403A - Apparatus for making rolls for player pianos and organs - Google Patents

Description

A. B. WELSH ETAL 3'421403 Jan. 14, 16

/ APPARATUS FOR MAKING ROLLS FOR PLAYER PIANOS AND QRGANS Sheet Filed May 25. 1965 INVENTOR. B. WELSH WEST ALAN BY ROGER FIG-2 Jan. 14, 1969 A. a. WELSH ET 3,421,403

APP RATUS FOR MAKING ROLLS FOR PLAYER ,PIANOS AND oReANs Filed May 25, 1965 Y Sheet 2 0f 4 FIG 4 INVENTOR. AL AN 8. WELSH BY ROGER WEST 5811- 14, 1969 A. B. WELSH ET AL 3,421,403

APPARATUS FOR MAKING ROLLS FOR PLAYER PIANOS AND ORGANS Filed May 25, 1965 Sheet i of 4 nuuuuuun flnnr WELSH WEST INVENTOR ALAN B. BY ROG ER aaimzmw W R M Jan. 14,1969 A. B. WELSH ET AL 3,421,403

APPARATUS FOR MAKING ROLLS FOR PLAYER PIANOS AND ORGANS She et 4 Filed May 25. 1965 INVENTOR. v ALAN B. WELSH WEST BY ROGER United States Patent 5 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Method and apparatus for making perforated player rolls for player pianos and player organs in which a strip of record member is moved in the direction of its length at a constant speed through a recording station and marks are applied thereto in conformity with the actuation of the keys and expression elements of a key operated musical instrument. Thereafter, the same, or another record member is moved stepwise through a perforating station and punches in the perforating station under the control of the markings on the marked record member operate in the interval between successive movements of the record member in the perforating station and punch the said record member.

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for recording music, and particularly for recording music in the form of an elongated marked strip of the nature that is employed for controlling player pianos and player organs.

Player pianos are well known and player organs are presently being manufactured in which the instrument is played automatically by availing of a perforated music roll that is drawn over a tracker bar having holes controlled by the perforations in the paper roll. The holes in the tracker bar, through a known pneumatic system, are operatively associated with the manually operable members of the instrument to be played, and efiect actuation thereof in accordance with the pattern of the perforations in the paper roll.

The making of the perforated paper rolls has always been a diflicult and time-consuming operation, and it is in particular connection with the making of such rolls that the present invention is concerned.

Heretofore, insofar a the applicants herein are aware, the making of such perforated player rolls has been accomplished by making the finished player rolls from a master which corresponds to the paper roll, at least with respect to the pattern of perforations, although the master roll may differ in dimensions. The making of the finished player roll from a master can easily be accomplished automatically in a suitable perforating machine, but the making of the master itself is a difficult operation. In practice the master roll is ordinarily made by making a paper or paper-like web through a punching station step by step, and at each step perforating the web according to the desired pattern in that particular instant. The perforating machine may be under the control of a keyboard similar to that to be found in a piano or organ, and the punching instrumentalities are under the control of the keys. Since this sort of operation is carried out step by step, it may take a long time to make a single master, up to eight hours for example, being required to out an entire master.

It will be evident from the foregoing that the making of such master rolls is a more or less routine mechanical operation and that there is little opportunity for the player rolls produced from such a master to be anything other than a mechanical reproduction of the printed music. In brief, conventional player rolls for musical instruments 3,421,403 Patented Jan. 14, 1969 do not reproduce or reflect the artistry of a performer, but merely effect the mechanical rendering of a musical composition.

With the foregoing in mind, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for recording music in a form that will result in the production of a perforated paper roll and do so in such a manner that the artistry of the performer is captured in the player roll.

Another object of this invention is the provision of a method and apparatus for making paper player rolls or masters from which such rolls can be made and to effect this making simultaneously with the playing of the instrument by a performer.

A still further object of this invention is the provision of a method and apparatus for making player rolls or masters therefor of the nature referred to above in whichthe record that is made simultaneously with the playing of the instrument is in the form of a perforated record.

Still another object of this invention is the provision of an apparatus of the nature referred to which i relatively inexpensive and compact and which it is easy to connect to an instrument for operation of the apparatus.

A still further object is the provision of a method and apparatus for making player rolls which will permit such rolls to be made very quickly and accurately.

A particular object of the present invention is the provision of a method and apparatus for making perforated player rolls or marked masters from which such rolls can be made in which the position of the swell pedal of an organ can be recorded for subsequent control of the swell pedal of an organ controlled by the final player roll.

These and other objects and advantages of this invention will become more apparent upon reference to the following specification taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a perspective view showing schematically an electric organ and a machine for making a strip-like record simultaneously with the playing of the organ;

FIGURE 2 is a somewhat schematic longitudinal section through the recording apparatus showing the path of the record member therethrough and one of the several recording elements pertaining thereto and the control circuit by means of which the recording element can be selectively actuated;

FIGURE 3 is a partial view looking in at the recording station of the recording apparatus showing the arrangement therein with a plurality of recording elements in side by side relation;

FIGURE 4 is a section indicated by line IVIV on FIGURE 3 showing how the individual recording elements are actuated;

FIGURE 5 is a schematic view showing a manner of detecting the position of the organ swell pedal and transmitting a signal therefrom to certain ones of the actuators for the recording elements;

FIGURE 6 is a view showing a portion of the typical marked record taken from the recording apparatus;

FIGURE 7 is a schematic view showing an auxiliary recording member pertaining to the apparatus which is operated at constant speed so as to give an indication on the record member of the speed of travel thereof;

FIGURE 8 is a schematic view showing a recording apparatus which also includes means showing the recording station for perforating the recording member passing through the apparatus;

FIGURE 9 is a fragmentary view of a perforated record member together with a fragment of the tracker over which the record member or a perforated roll made therefrom which can move showing how elongated marks on the record member can be perforated while retaining the record member as a self-supporting web, and

FIGURE 10 shows a modified swell control arrangement.

Referring to the drawings somewhat more in detail, in FIGURE 1, 10 represents an electric organ which may have an upper or swell keyboard 12 and a lower keyboard 14. The organ also comprises a pedal keyboard 16 and swell pedal means 18.

Numeral 20 indicates a recording apparatus which is connected with the organ by cable means 22 so as to be actuated simultaneously with the playing of the organ. A power supply for the recording apparatus is conveyed thereto via a lead-in cord 24.

The recording apparatus, as to its essential parts, is shown diagrammatically in FIGURE 2. In FIGURE 2 it will be seen that the apparatus comprises a frame 26 and within the frame and generally indicated at 28 is a recording station within which recording station there is disposed a plurality of recording elements or members 30 distributed in side by side relation over the width of the path of the strip-like record member 32 through the recording station. Each record member has an actuator in the form of a solenoid 34 which, when energized, will move the pertaining recording element into position to mark the rec-rd member immediately beneath the recording element while de-energization of the actuator will permit a spring means 36 to retract the pertaining recording element from the record member.

The record member is in the form of an elongated paper like member and may actually be a heavy paper or plastic web. The member 32 as disclosed is in the form of a master from which the actual paper player rolls will be manufactured. The said paper player rolls are in the form of relatively thin paper and are usually relatively narrow so that it is a practical matter to make a fairly heavy wide master in the apparatus as disclosed and to employ this in a suitable automatic machine for making the player rolls of a thinner and therefore of a more fragile material.

In any case, on one side of the recording station 28 there is record member supply means in the form of a roll 38 of the record member rotatably supported as by shaft means 40 in the frame. The web is drawn from supply means 38 and passes over guide rollers 42 and 44 in the frame and then over the larger roller 46 which is located in the recording station and forms the back up member for the recording elements 30.

On the other side of the recording station pin wheel means 48 engage 'holes provided in at least one, but preferably both, side edges of record member 32 for advancing the record member through the recording station. Beyond pin wheel means 48 the record member passes over idler roll 50 and then to take up roll 52. Take up roll 52 is driven by slip belt means 54 which passes over pulleys 56 and 58 on the shaft for pin wheel means 48 and the shaft for the take up roll 52 respectively.

The shaft for the pin wheel means 48 also has mounted thereon a sprocket 60 over which passes a chain 62 which also passes over sprocket 64 on the output shaft of a speed reducer 66 which is driven by an electric motor 68 through the medium of a belt 70 and pulleys 72 and 74 on the motor shaft and on the input shaft respectively of the motor and speed reducer. The motor is preferably adjustable on a support platform 76 by rotatable screw means 78 and handle 79. Motor pulley 72 is of a type which opens and closes in accordance with the position of the motor whereby the arrangement provides a ready means for regulating the speed at which pin wheel means 48 are driven.

Turning to the solenoid actuator 34, there are, of course, as many of the actuators as there are recording elements 30, and each actuator is under the control of a manually movable member of the instrument being played, such as a playing key or the swell pedal of an organ or the like. In FIGURE 2 the actuator is shown to be under the control of a playing key 80. This key controls the release of power from a power supply 82 to the solenoid actuator. While it is important to have ample power for operating the solenoid actuator, it is also important to prevent this power from passing through switch means under the control of the keys or the manually operated members. To this end, the actuator 34 is connected across the terminals N and P of the power supply in the collector-emitter circuit of a transistor T.

The base of the transistor is connected by a resistor R with a contact 84 operated by the key or whatever manually operable member pertains to the recording element shown. When key 80 is at rest, contact 84 engages a stationary contact 86 which is connected to the positive terminal of power supply 82, and this transmits such bias to the base of the transistor as to hold the transistor nonconducting. When key 80 is depressed, however, contact 84 engages another stationary contact 86 which is connected with the negative side of power supply 82, and this will transmit such bias to the base of the transistor that the transistor will conduct and solenoid 34 will be energized. The control of the transistor is thus simply accomplished by a small light switch associated with the movable member of the instrument and through which switch an extremely small current at relatively low voltage will flow. This makes the device easy to apply to any type of key operated musical instrument and, in addition, makes it quite safe under all conditions.

FIGURE 3 will show that the recording elements 30 are arranged in close side by side relation and distributed laterally of the recording apparatus across a predetermined portion of the width of the path taken by the record member through the apparatus. The recording elements may be in the form of ball point marking pens or the like, the said pen portions being indicated at 90 and being connected with rods 92 extending vertically upwardly. The pen portions are connected to rods 92 by connectors 94, and between the connectors 94 and the apertured guide bar 96 for the pens are disposed the springs 36. A second guide bar 98 guides the upper ends of rods 92 and at its upper end, each rod 92 is connected to a clevis 100 that pivotally engages the end of a lever 102. Each lever 102 is pivoted on shaft 104 extending transversely of the apparatus and supported between the side plates 108 thereof. Each lever 102 at the end thereof opposite its connection with the clevis 100 of the pertaining rod 92 is connected with its pertaining solenoid actuator 34, the said actuators being supported on support bars 110 extending transversely of the machine and secured to side plates 108 thereof. The illustrated arrangement permits the positioning of a plurality of recording elements 30 across the width of the path of the record member 32 through the recording apparatus.

It will be evident from the foregoing explanation how each key of the instrument can operate a pertaining recording element; and in practice, not all of the keys are employed for making a record but it is, of course, possible by widening the apparatus to record the operation of all of the keys if so desired.

With an organ it is also important to give full expression to the music, to control the swell pedal of the controlled instrument. According to the present invention the positioning of the swell pedal by the player is recorded by a circuit arrangement such as is shown in FIGURE 5. In this figure the swell pedal is indicated at and is pivoted at 122. The free inner end of the swell pedal carries a contact 124 which sweeps over a bank of stationary contacts that are connected in circuit with solenoid actuators 34a, 34b and 34c pertaining to the three separate recording elements. The interconnecting circuit, generally indicated at 126, may be the same as was described in connection with FIGURE 2. With the swell pedal in the position illustrated, none of the stationary contacts are engaged by movable contact 124, and therefore none of the solenoid actuators pertaining thereto are energized and none of the pertaining recording elements are enera gized to mark on the recording member. This would indicate a maximum volume position.

Upon raising of swell pedal 120, however, contact 124 will first engage stationary contact 128 pertaining to solenoid actuator 34a to cause the pertaining recording element to become effective. Further raising the pedal 120 will next cause contact 124 to engage both contacts 128 and 130 which will energize actuators 34a and 34b. As the pedal 120 is raised further, contact 124 breaks contact from 128 allowing actuator 34a to be de-energized, but actuator 34b remains energized through contact 130. As the pedal is raised more so, contact 124 holds contact with 130 and makes contact with 132 so that both recording actuators 34b and 340 are energized, putting on the recording member 32 marks corresponding to the position of the pedal 120. Further raising of pedal 120 breaks contact 124 from 130 leaving contact 132 making and actuator 34c remains energized. Again, as the pedal travels up, contact 124 holds with 132 and makes contact with 134 which is connected to contact 128 through jumper wire 136 so that both actuators 34c and 34a are energized and marks are placed on element 32 corresponding to the position of the pedal which is now at the minimum position or organ expression. From the foregoing it will be appreciated that the relatively simple arrangement illustrated provides for the recording of seven different levels of organ volume. More levels of volume could be detected and recorded, if desired, but for most purposes, the seven levels referred to are adequate and provide for changes in volume by substantially imperceptible degrees during operation of the controlled instrument.

FIGURE 6 shows somewhat schematically a marked record member. The particular pattern illustrated is not intended to represent any particular recording of music but shows how a record member might look. In FIGURE 6 the holes in the side edges of the record member, indicated at 150, are those holes that are engaged by the pins of pin wheel means 48 for advancing the record member through the apparatus.

The marks made by the recording element 30 are indicated at 152. Those marks that are made by the recording elements pertaining to actuators 34a, 34b and 34c are shown in the bottom of FIGURE 6, and are those lines falling within the range of the recording members indicated by the bracket at 154. The record member also bears along one side edge thereof a series of marks 156 which are placed on the record member by a recording element indicated at 158 in FIGURE 7. This recording element is actuated at a constant cyclic speed by lever means 160 under the control of a cam 162 which is driven in rotation at constant speed by constant speed motor means 164. This last-mentioned series of marks is useful for indicating whether or not the recording member has advanced through the recording apparatus at a constant speed and will also indicate the speed at which the record member has advanced through the apparatus.

In FIGURE 8 there is shown an arrangement wherein the marking of the record member is such that the marks themselves can be employed for controlling the perforating apparatus. In FIGURE 8 the recording elements, of which only one is illustrated, are indicated at 170 and these recording elements are of such a nature. that the marks 172 which they apply to the record member 174 are magnetic. These magnetic markings are employed for controlling the subsequent punching apparatus. For movement of the record member 174 through recording station 176 constantly rotating pin wheel means 178 are employed. In the subsequent perforating or punching station 180, however, the record member is stopped each time a perforation is made, and to this end the record member is advanced through the perforating station by pin wheel means 132 which are provided with indexing means in the form of a ratchet wheel 184 that is under the control of pawl means 186 operated by a solenoid S. Detent means 188 are provided which provide for precise positioning of the ratchet means and pin wheel means on each indexing movement thereof.

In the perforating station a perforating punch 196 is provided which, upon actuation by its solenoid operator 198, will punch a perforation in the record member, the punch at this time passing through the record member and also through die 200 formed in support plate 202 beneath the record member.

The energization of solenoid 198 is controlled by a magnetic pick up head 204 which scans a pertaining line of the markings in the rec-ord member either in advance of the punch, as shown, or in the punching machine. Pick up head 204 is connected to an amplifier 206 to which pulses are supplied from a vibrator or pulse generator 208. The pulses from generator 208 are at the proper speed to advance record member 174 through the perforating station at substantially the same speed that the member advances through the recording station, but can readily be effected, if desired. A record member of the type shown is not of great length and even if the recording station were to run ahead of the perforating station, the slack in the record member ahead of the perforating station would only build up to a relatively small amount during the making of a record member. Exact synchronization of these rates of movement is not essential. In any case, the pulses supplied by generator 208 pass through amplifier 206 and are conveyed by wires 210 by solenoid S to provide for step-like advancing of the record member through the perforating station. The pulses supplied to solenoid actuator 198 on the other hand, are conveyed to the said solenoid wires 212, and these pulses are only release-d to wires 212 in accordance with the reading of a line on record member 174 by the pertaining magnetic retaining head 204 and, furthermore, as mentioned in such a manner that punching does not occur during movement of the record member by pin wheel 182. In this manner, a line marked on the record member by recording element is converted into one or more punched holes in conformity with the length of the line.

It will be seen that the record member advances at uniform rate through the recording station, but advances step by step through the perforating station, and that the pattern of perforations imparted to the record member will correspond exactly to the pattern of markings applied to the record member in the recording station.

While magnetic pick u head means have been illustrated, it will be understood that optical means could also be provided by utilizing photocells and light sources, for example. In this case the light might reflect from the record member to the photocell thereby to indicate the presence or absence of a line on the record member. Furthermore, the lines imparted to the record member could be luminescent or otherwise sensitive to radiation, and thereby provide a detectable indication of the presence of a line on the record means that could be employed for controlling the perforating mechanism. Still further, the possibility exists of so marking the record member that it becomes translucent or transparent in the marked region whereby radiation could be passed through the record member for indicating the presence of markings thereon.

While all of the illustrations of the recording members show them as aligned in the lateral direction of the record member, it will be understood that the recording members could be arranged in staggered relation or along a diagonal path across the path of the record member, if desired, and this would somewhat relieve the rather severe space requirements that might otherwise be encountered.

This arrangement could be employed and a properly perforated roll would still result provided the pick up heads leading the record member were arranged according to the same pattern while the perforating members under the control of the reading heads would perforate the record member along lines extending transversely of the record member. Such staggered or inclined arrangement of the recording members and pick up heads is contemplated within the purview of the present invention.

The record member 174 preferably has a slack loop 220 therein between the recording station and the perforating station and this loop may, if desired, be held taut by a spring loaded or weighted tension roll 222.

It has been mentioned that the record member advances through the perforating station in a step by step manner, and the resulting perforation pattern is shown in FIGURE 9. In FIGURE 9 the perforations 224 provided in the member 174 correspond to a line drawn on the recording member of about the same length as the row of holes. It will be noted that the perforations are spaced apart a certain distance in the longitudinal direction of the record member. The distance between adjacent ones of the holes 224 is such that, as the member is drawn over a tracker bar 226, having a hole 228 therein, the hole 228 will never be completely closed and this will provide for the continuous admission of air to the tracker bar hole whereby the key or other member of the control instrument will remain actuated throughout the traversal of the tracker bar hole by the group of perforations 224. In the final paper roll therefore, which is actually what is indicated in FIGURE 9, when a key or other member of the instrument being played is held down for a period of time, the continuous mark resulting on the record member will appear in the final paper roll as a series of closely spaced perforations.

As has been mentioned before, and which will now be apparent from the foregoing description, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for making instantaneous recordings of musical instrument renditions, particularly key controlled instruments such as pianos and organs, and makes the recording quickly and accurately, and reproduces the technique of the performer playing the instrument which is connected to the recording apparatus.

FIGURE 10 shows other swell control arrangements. In FIGURE 10, the organ expression pedal 300 has a double bank pole, seven position rotary switch 302 in place of the regular expression control potentiometer which is well-known in the art of organ making. One bank of this rotary switch has serially connected fixed resistors 304-314 of such value as to create an approximate logarithmic taper in value from ground to the plate of the pre-amplifier tube.

Changing the position of the expression pedal changes the load on the pre-amplifier tube by causing contact arm 316 to short out the various resistors. The other bank of the switch is actuated by the same expression pedal. The various terminals of the second bank, and which correspond to the contacts of the first bank, are connected to relays having switch sections of DPST arrangement. The various armatures of these switch sections are connected together in the manner shown and control the bias of gate transistors Q1, Q3 and Q5. These transistor-s then control switch transistors Q2, Q4 and Q6 which control the current to solenoids A, B and C. Solenoids A, B and C are mechanically attached to pen actuating levers as previously described.

In the position of switch 300 shown, relays A, AB, B, C and AC are off, but relay BC is on, power being supplied by battery Bl. Contact sets b and c of relay BC are closed and bias current is supplied to turn on transistors Q3 which turns on Q4 and Q which turns on Q6. Solenoids B and C have sufficient current supplied from battery B2 to pull the solenoid plunger in and the attached pens will make a mark on the moving master roll. Pen A will not mark at this position of the expression pedal. The recording organ will at this time have a power level appropriate to the position of the pedal. In this manner, the master roll has recorded on it the expression levels of the recording artist as he plays and records his fingering and rhythm on the roll.

While the previous embodiment is described in relation to the expression pedal on an organ, it is understood that other expression producing means are contemplated by this invention. For example, it may be necessary during the course of playing to use the voice tabs or special effect tabs such as banjo, guitar, etc. These voice tabs and special effect tabs are essentially switches for producing on or off condition in the organ. While desirable or necessary, it would be a simple matter to provide a recording element at the recording station to mark the recording member when these voice tabs or special effects are actuated in much the same manner as previously discussed in relation to the normal playing keys. By this invention, much of the artistry of the performer will be transferred to the recording member.

What is claimed is:

1. In an apparatus for making a recording of music in the form of an elongated paper-like record member; a recording station having recording means therein operable to mark a said record member advanced therethrough, supply means on one side of said recording station for supporting a roll of said record member. take up means on the other side of the recording station adapted for being connected to and for reeling up a said record member, a perforating station between said recording station and said take up means, first drive means for advancing a said record member from said supply means to and through said recording station at a predetermined constant rate, second drive means connected to said take up means and actuating said take up means intermittently so as to advance a said record member intermittently through said perforating station, means adapted for being controlled by the playing keys of a key operated musical instrument for controlling said recording means, said recording means comprising a plurality of recording elements corresponding in number to a certain number of keys of a key controlled musical instrument and distributed laterally to the direction of movement of said record member through the recording station, a solenoid actuator for each said recording element energizable for moving the pertaining recording element into record member marking position, energizing circuit for each said solenoid actuator adapted for being controlled by the playing keys of a playing key operated musical instrument, each recording element comprising a member operable when actuated to place a line on a said record member positioned therebeneath in said recording station, punching means in said perforating station, and control means sensitive to said lines and operable for actuating said punching means for perforating a said record member passing through said perforating station in a pattern corresponding to said lines, said punching means operating when said record member is stationary in said perforating station.

2. An apparatus according to claim 1 in which said lines are magnetic and said control means are magnetically operated.

3. In combination, a key operated instrument such as an electronic organ having an expression pedal, an apparatus for making a recording in the form of a strip-like record member of music played in a normal playing manner on said organ and for capturing the artistry of the person playing the organ on said record member, said apparatus comprising; a recording station having recording means therein operable to mark said record member, means for moving said record member in said recording station in timed relation to the playing of said organ, first switch means adapted for being controlled by said playing keys for controlling the pertaining said recording means, and second switch means adapted for being controlled by said expression pedal for controlling the pertaining said recording meansv said recording means operating simultaneously with the normal playing of said organ, said second switch means comprising variable resistance means adapted to change the playing level of the organ from a minimum to maximum level along .an approximate logarithmic taper.

4. In combination, a key operated instrument such as an electronic organ having an expression pedal, an apparatus for making a recording in the form of a strip-like record member of music played in a normal playing manner on said organ and for capturing the artistry of the person playing the organ on said record member, said apparatus comprising; a recording station having recording means therein operable to mark said record member, means for moving said record member in said recording station in time-d relation to the playing of said organ, first switch means adapted for being controlled by said playing keys for controlling the pertaining said recording means, and second switch means adapted for being controlled by said expression pedal for controlling the pertaining said recording means, said recording means operating simultaneously with the normal playing of said organ, said recording means comprising a plurality of recording elements corresponding in number to a certain number of keys to be played on said organ, and a second plurality of recording elements to be used in various combinations, and second switch means being effective for actuating said second plurality of elements according to predetermined combinations to accordingly mark said record member.

5. The combination according to claim 4 in which said second plurality of elements are spaced from each other laterally of the recording member so that at least one other element is interposed between adjacent ones of said second plurality of elements, said second switch means being arranged to actuate no more than two of said second plurality of elements at any one time.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 10/1900 Davis 84461 4/1902 Clark 234123 12/1903 Davis 84463 2/1904 Hart 84461 5/1909 Crippen 234-123 10/ 1911 Zollinger 84461 2/1912 White 23449 10/1913 Votey 23449 11/ 1915 Wiessmiller 23449 5/1919 Davis 23449 3/1921 Stoddard 84-461 5/1924 Sandell 234123 10/ 1929 Stoehr 84--462 3/1941 Allen et a1. 84-461 9/1954 Wilson et a1. 234-89 5/1951 Worch 84462 5/ 1956 Dibbins 2744 9/1967 Schwartz et al 34674 FOREIGN PATENTS 3/1921 Germany.

STEPHEN I. TOMSKY, Primary Examiner.

S. A. WAL, Assistant Examiner.

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