US1837944A - Method and apparatus for recording series of motion - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 22, 1931. c. R. BLUM 1,837,944

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECORDING SERIES OF MOTION Filed Sept. 27, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 22, 1931. c. R M 1,837,944

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C. R. BLUM METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECORDING SERIES OF MOTION Filed Sept. 27, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 j/forzzey Dec. 22, 1931. c R U 1,837,944

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECORDING SERIES OF MOTION Filed Sep t. 27, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Dec 22, 1931 UNITED STA ES PATENT OFFICE CARL ROBERT BLUM, 0F BERiLIN-SCHONEBERG, GERMANY METHOD AND'AIPIARATUS FOR RECORDING SERIES OF MOTION Application filed September 27, 1929, Serial No.

' metric, such a series of motion ought strictly to be understood whose-:periodic succession would be entirely uniform. Such series of motion however are very rare and in the art the motions will change freely Within the limits of the existing laws. For that reason the metronomby Malzl has proved uselessf The present invention discloses means for reproducing the series of motion in the same manner as they occurred originally. In order to avoid any mistake caused by the alternative use of the terms rhythm and metridit may be mentioned, that in order to be able to record or fix and reproduce a series of motions true to nature, it is necessary to obtain the following three data:

(1) The commencement of a portion or unit of time of aseries of motion must be determined, v I

(2) The duration of the portion of time,

i and (3) Whether the individual portion of time is accentuated or not. lVhen these data are obtained, the reproduction can be carried out according to the original of the series of motion. For that purpose the individual portions are recogded upon continuous bands, but it must be noted that during their manufacture and reproduction the speed-of reeling of said bands must always'be the same.

Even if the band is reeled oli' to its entire length at a varying tempo," the original rhythm'will be maintained, for the relative period between the individual elements of motion will be fixed .f After said bands have been produced it is possibleto cause them to pass a stationarypoint or mark of reference in order to utilize the signs recorded thereon and to. read the original rhythm true -to nature and to reproduce it. Asthe rhythm can be reproduced accurately by means of 395,722, and in Germany September 1, 1926.

music may be mentioned, although according to this invention any series of motion may be recorded. However, the novel features might become more obvlous by way of some musical examples. For instance, an orchestra is producing the music at the performance in a moving picture show, which orchestra is conducted by the bandmaster insuch a way, that the tunes Will sound exactly at that moment, in which the corresponding note upon the rhythmband being reeled ofi' simultaneously with the film, passes a stationary point or mark of reference. It is immaterial whether one series of motion per se or rhythmically coupled series of motion are con-- such a manner, thatthe three conditions re- Q ferred to above are discerniblesimultaneously and unambiguously. L

The apparatus described hereinafter in principle is adapted both forthe reproduction of rhythmbands and also for the manufacture thereof. For the manufacture mereto which the ly a removable Writing device for marking the bands will be'required.

In the drawings several embodiments of the apparatusaccording to the invention are shown by way of example.

Figure 1 isa perspective view of the apparatus which may be called rhythmonom,

Figure 2 is a similar view with lid opened; Figure 3 is a cross-section, and Figure 4 a top plan view of the mechanism.

Figure 5'is a plan of the scales of a tempdmeter.

Figures 6 to 8 show various form of marking the band. 4

Figures 9a and 9b are details in section and plan respectively. I

Figures 10a and 106 are some further details of the-same apparatus.

Figures 11a and 11?) show further views of the rhythmband.

Figure 12 is a diagrammatic view of the note writing device for the said band con nected with the keyboard of a piano.

Figure 13 is an enlarged view of the controlling device.

Figure 14 shows a variable transmission gear, and

Figure 15 is a diagrammatic view of the rhythm band and tone band.

In the first place an embodiment of the reproducing apparatus is shown by way of example in Figures 1 to 4 and it is assumed that finished bands are already available.

As will be particularly noted from Fig 'ures 3 and 4 the rhythmband 1 passes from the reel 2 by way of the guiding roller 3 through the window 4 and over the feeding drum 5 to the winding up reel 6. On the shaft of the reel 2 is mounted a wooden core 7 and the reel 6 is provided with a wooden core 8. The axis 9 of the reel 6 projects beyond the core 8 and is provided with a milled knob 10. A

funnel-shaped recess 11 in the cover 12 permits the actuation of the button even if said cover or lid 12 is closed. The said button 10 serves for adjusting the rhythmband. The lower portion of the axis 9 is j ournalled in the bearing 13 and carries on its lower end the rope-pully 14.

Upon the inclined mounting plate 15 is secured by means of screw-bolts 16 a motor 17. This latter carries on the upper end of its shaft a gear wheel 18 meshing with the gear wheel 19.

The gear wheel19 and the rope pulley 20.

are fixed to a shaft 21, rotating in the bearng 22 and carrging at its upper end the feeding drum 5. ver' the rope pulleys and 14 passes a cord 23. Inadditionthere is mounted on the plate 15 in the rear of the band window 4 a soflit lamp 24. p

The rhythmband passing through the window 4 being lit by the lamp 24 can beinspected throu h the funnel 25 when the cover 12 is closed, how it passesthe indicator or reference mark 27 after the latter has been adjusted by means of the rod 26.

Within the casing 28 on the front wall there is secured a regulating resistance 29 adapted to be actuated by means of the turn button 30 and the adjustment of which can be read off each time from the annular scale 31. The number of revolutions of the driving motor 17 is controlled by said resistance 29, in case the apparatus (rhythmonum) is driven alone. The connection leads are not shown for the sake of keeping the drawings clear. If it is desired, however, toeffect a synchronous connection, for, instance with an apparatus for the reproduction of moving pictures, the said resistance 29 may serve for the control of the number of revolutions of the driving motor for the cinematographic matographic apparatus and the rhytl1monum there is provided 'on the front wall of the box 28 a combined scale 32 of a tachometer for controlling the velocity of the band 1. As will be seen from the diagrammatic View in Figure 5 two scales 33 and 34 are provided-particularly for the control of the synchronous reeling oil of the film and the rhythmband-which scales can be adjusted with relation to, i. e., moved toward and from, one another, one of which will indicate the music tempo for different moving picture frequencies, for instance, by per cents of the recording time, and the other one will indicate the moving picture frequencies proper.

If for instance, the rhythmband was recorded with a moving picture frequency of 18 with a musical time of 72, the pointer 35 is placed on the graduation line 18 of the scale 34 for the picture frequency (see Figure 5). In order to bring the musical time each time in relation with the moving picture frequency, the figure 100 of the scale belonging to the moving picture frequency 18 on the tempo scale 33 is adjusted to the thread of the pointer 35. Then the controller 30 of the film and noteband drivation line 18 of the frequency scale 34 and with the figure 100 of the tempo scale of music for the frequency 18, while the musical time of the reproduction amounts to 100 per cent of the music tempo in existence dur-.

ing the recording operation.

If now an acceleration of the tempo is desired, of say 20 per cent, the regulator 30 common to the driving devices is to be adjusted in such a manner, that the pointer 36 of the tachometer will cover the numeral 120 on the same scale for the music tempo, while it will at the same time indicate the new moving picture frequency 21.6. The numeral 120 in this casewill indicate the acceleration of the original time 72 in per cents,which now will amount to 7 2X 1,2 86,4.

If the rhythmband is not to be brought into relation with the running film, the figures on the graduation need not be changed, since the indications of the picture frequency implicitly also contain the velocities of the rhythmband.

The ratio of transmission of the gear wheels 18 and 19 is suitably such, that the rhythmband will be reeled off at a s eed which will permit the marking of the and as well as the reading during the reproduction. For bringing the rhythmband into relation with the picture-film it is preferable to choose even numbers in the proportion of the speed of the bands from about 1 :8. It is also of advantage to be able to change the proportion of the speed of reeling off the rhythmband and the film by means of a variable transmission device.

. The manufacture of the rhythmband can be effected on the same apparatus by using a removable device and is as follows:

In the first line a blank band (not shown in the drawings) is provided which will pass through the rhythmonom in the same manner asduring the reproduction above described. By means of this removable device, called rhythmograph two lines of markings or characters are produced on the moving blank band, as shown in Figure 6. The primary accents are marked according to the invention in the upper column and the secondary accents in the lower column in such a manner that'the association of the series of tones" can be made out at the same time and unambiguously. By means of this original rhythmogram the rhythmband proper may obtained, which will contain over a certain proportion of length on a band printed with music lines, the customary notes, and after finishing the band will show the appearance illustrated in Figure 7. According to the position ofthe primary accents the bar-lines and laterally thereof in continuation the bar-numbers (143, 144 and so on) are entered subsequently. If a musically bound text (song, recitation or the like) is concerned, the distribution of the syllables follows from the musicalrhythm. A band of that type is shown in Figure 8.

The manufacture of pure bands for speech is carried out in the following manner:

The original rhythmogram according to Figure 6 is preferably again transferred to a second band in a. definite proportion of length.

With a rhythmogram of speech corresponding to the music rhythmogram according to Figure 6 the marks or signs or characters may be put on insuch a. manner that the beginning of a sentence or portion of a sentence is designated by two superposed marks, while the 'final syllables of a portion of a sentence are rendered discernible by dashes, the length of which is determined by the actual duration of the sounding.

It is very suitable for reading the finished band forspeech, that'is for reproduction, to provide said band according to Figure 8 with transverse lines in order to ensure the readerence. It is advisable to serially number these talking bars .too (160,161, 162 and so on).

' The production of various kinds of rhythmbands is dependent on two technical assumptions: j

1) The hand must be moved uniformly, and

It must be provided with written characters.

The first supposition is fulfilled by the reproducing apparatus, the rhythmonom, of the type described above, which is also adapted for reeling off the hand during the reproduction. The second supposition is fulfilled in that by means of a removable device the band running out is provided with written characters. Said removable device iscalled rhythmograph as already mentioned.

Figures 9a, 9b and 10a, 10?) show by way of example an embodiment of said rhythmograph. It consists of two parts electrically connected by means of a cable having three veins.

One of these parts shown in elevation in Figure 9a and in plan in Figure 9b is attached to the rhythmonom in front of the funnel 25 by means of screws. It consists for instanceof a frame 37 accommodating both the solenoids 38 and 39. Inside of these latter is arranged a small iron tube 40 and 41 each above a pin 42, 48 each, which may consist of aluminium. The two, pins 42, 43 are held in the position shown "in the drawings by means of a draw-spring 7 Sand 79 each. The pins 42, 43 carry on their left extremity a small disc 44, 45 each which possess a writing point 46. and 47 respectively. The frame 37 is secured to the plate 48, which latter can be connected to the rhythmonom by means of grooved screws 49. The ledge 50 serves for guiding the pins 42 and 43. In frontof the dints 46 and 47 an inked ribbon 51 is passed y way of the guiding rollers 52 from the ribbon drum 53 to the roller 54. The ribbon drum 53 is mounted on an axle 55, carried by the arm 56 secured to the frame 37, The ribbon-drum 54 however, is mounted on a rotating axle 58 carried in a bracket 57 secured to the frame 37. At the lower end of said I axle is mounted aratchet-wheel 59 into'which engages a pawl 60. On the lid 61 of a potshaped'magnet 62 is arranged a second pawl 63, which will advance the ratchet-wheel 59 side-piece 66 with the cover-plate 65. Round the axle 67 swing two two- armed levers 68 and 69, carrying at its extremity a key,

. circuit, in which the solenoid 39 is situated.

This will cause the small iron tube 41 together with the pin 43 and the point 47 to be forced against the inked ribbon 51, and the lower point 47 will produce on the blank band 76 passing close in front of said inked ribbon, a shorter or longer mark in accordance with the duration of the contacting action. If the key 71 is released it will return into its positon of rest under the action of the leaf-spring 77. In the same way the lower pin 43 will'return to its initial position under the action of the draw-spring 78.

If the key 7(), is depresseda second ciilguit' will be closed in a corresponding manner, and as the upper solenoid 38 is situated in said circuit, the upper point 46 will be pressed against the inked ribbon 51. F

The pot-shaped magnet 62 is inserted into one of these two circuits. If said circuit is closed, the advance of the ratchet-wheel 59 will also shift the inked ribbon 51.

'The mode of operation of this band writing device (rhythmograph) now is such that a musician is depressing simultaneously with a musical or pictoral performance both keys 7 0 and 71 in' the rhythm of the said perform ance while the apparatus is writing the primary and secondary accents'on different lines on said band. It is not absolutely necessary that originahmusic be concerned as the rhythmogram may be produced while recorded music is being played, as, for instance, from a phonogram or the like. In this instance the band illustrated in Figure 6 will also be obtained, in which the signs or marks are entered on two superposed lines, as this is the case according to this invention.

Under circumstances, especially if some improvised music is concerned it is ofimportance not only to record the rhythm and metre but also the melody.

According tothe invention this is effected in that on the continuously moving blank band the succeeding individual characteristic notes are marked at a distance from each other, corresponding to the periodic course, for instance by means of full round heads of notes. Accents are marked by additional signs such as 106 of Figure 11a.

As follows from Figure 11a the round heads of the notes are at once brought into relationship with a staff, so that they will at the same time mark the pitch proper.

As the distance of the individual musical types from each other will indicate their accurate time-value, the marking of the timevalue customary with the known writing of music, that is to say, the discrimination by hollow and full round heads of notes and the provision of different mensural hooks and so on can be dispensed with.

For carrying this method into effect any suitable device, for instance a special typewriting machine may be used, whose types consists of a short staff of five lines showing each in said staff or on auxiliary lines above or below, a head of a note in the usual manner. For the marking of enharmonical exchanges one or more levers according to the known reversing levers in type-writing machines may be employed. If it is desired to discriminate graphically for instance the equally sounding tunes 0 sharp (c it) and 'd flat (d b), as such is necessary in the orthography of musics, this can be done by manipulating the lever for instance in such a manner, that for tunes with the 11 accidental the said lever is raised, and for tunes having the b accidental is depressed, while its central position will correspond to tunes having no such accidentals. With the keys of this Writing device there may be connected in addition sounding bodies or elements, such as tuned discs, pipes or the like, so that the rhythmical records may be simultaneously controlled melodically. It is also possible to connect a key-instrument or the like played during the recording operation, with such writing device. Or the writing device may be connected for instance pneumatically or electrically, .so that the music is automatically fixed during the performance.

The band represented in Figure lla is completed to advantage, in that by means of an inked roller the note lines or the staff are produced continuously. A second staff or a plurality thereof may be provided at the same time on the band as this is represented in Figure 116.

Figure 12 illustrates diagrammatically such a music writing device connected with the keyboard of a piano or the like. On depressing the key 79 of the piano the wheel Ill.

80 carrying the types will effect the inscription uporthe blank band 76. By the key 7 9 the lever 81 is turned about its fulcrum and in consenquence the toothed segment 82 secured to its extremity will rotate the gear wheel 83. The latter is suitably connected with a bevel wheel 84, meshing with a bevel gear-wheel 85 mounted on the same axle 86 as the type wheel 80. By correspondingly dimensioning the toothed segment 82 and the gear wheels, the'type-carrying wheel is r0.- tated to such an extent only, as such will correspond to the note allotted to the key 7 9. It is obvious that the lever system of all keys of the piano will actuate the saine typewh-ecl. It is not necessary to illustrate the total arrangement in all its details, since such arrangements are well known in type-writing machines.

After the type-carrying wheel has been placed in the proper position in front of the blank band 76, the type wheel must be caused by means of the levers .87, 88 and 89 to beat against the said blank band and print the corresponding type. After the printing the type .wheel is returned into its inoperative position by means of the spring 90. In order to be able, however, to discriminate the flat equally sounding tunes 0 sharp (cit) and d flat (db) graphically, it is necessary to provide a reversing key suitably pedal operated, by which the type wheel is raised and it will then print 0 sharp (cit) in lieu of d flat (db).

By means of a special arrangement, which likewise may suitably be pedal-operated, those notes are marked,which are accentuatedinA writing pencil 105 will produce on the ba (1 76 dots, which for instance may lie below the writing in music and which on the band represented'in Figure 1111 are denoted by 106. Between the pedal 107 and the pencil 105 various levers are provided for the transmission of the motion. The lever 108 is connected with lever 107 so that by the upper end of the former the rod 109 may be displaced towards the left side. On account of this displacement the lever 110 is-turned and by means of the lever 111 the lever 105 is actuate The tacitsupposition of theaforesaid is that the rhythmband is caused to be reeled ofi both during the production as well as during the reproduction at an absolutely uniform s eed.

An astronomic clock is best suited for this purpose namely in such a manner, that the drivingmotor for the shifting drum of the rhythmband iscontrolled by said clock by interposing suitable mechanical or electrical elements.

If the production of a phonogram (sound ing disc, steel wire or the like) is carried out in the orchestral pitch (amplitude 435) the phonographic reproduction will also accurately sound in said orchestral pitch after the velocity of the appertaining rhythmband has been adjusted to that of the production. however, a transposition to another pitch is is suitable to pass the adjusting lever past a specially gauged scale. I

. Figure 13 shows diagrammatically the said controlling lever 91 of the clock-work and the appertaining scale 92-, the graduations of indispensable.

which will indicate into which tone the or.- chestral pitch a ischanged to a high or low tone, when the controlling lever is covering them.

Figure 14 shows diagrammatically by way of example a transmission gear with constantly changeable ratio of transmission. 93 represents a small bevel-wheel Whose axis represents the prolongation of the drivin motor forthe feeding drum 95 of the ban 94 is a larger bevel-wheel to the upwards extending extremity of its shaft the shifting drum 95 for the transport of the band is wedged. The ratio of transmission is changed by the displacement of the leather belt 96.

Such displacement of the leather belt 96 is effected by means of a fork 97 mounted at the end of a two-armed lever 98. The adjustment of the latter is effected through the turn-button 99 and the scale 92, whose gauge is equivalent to the scale represented in Figure 13.

In the following some modes of application of the rhythmonom for utilizing the finished rhythmb'and are described.

In the first line the rhythmonom is excel lently adapted for studying musics. If'the pupil causes a rhythm-noteband to pass past the reference mark of the rhythmonom, he is able to unravel the most intricate rhythmical connections at once. Up to the present a reliable analysis of the rhythmics was impossible merely with the aidof the usual note signs, in spite of the application of the metronom. It is of great advantage, that the pupil is enabled to study the original rhythm not only in the original tempo, but in any desiredacceleration or retardation. It is immaterial whether'instrumental or vocal music or both kinds are concerned. Especially for the ditlicult analysis of talking song (recitation and melodrama) the use of the rhythmonom is The work of the mana ement of theatres is also greatly facilitate in that, for the study of the parts and the ensembles the rhythmonom will produce a uniform musical guide to go by, which is especially advanta eous with new productions.

or directing separate tone bodies any required number of rhythmonoms can be connected, either mechanically, for instance, for a modern stringed quartette or electrically over a distance, for instance in the case of locally separated orchestras and. collaborating massed choirs, which are not clearly within the comprehending range of vision of the band-master. a

Up to the. present it was impossible to utilize artistically to their full extent-automatic pianos, organs or the'like, even when using so-called artists rollers, for the accompaniment of solists, ensemble-music and so on. Only after the building-in of the rhythmonom into. such instruments or through coupling them with said rhythmonom it is possible for anybody to bring at once by means of the rhythmband passing in synchronism with the artists roller the reference mark the music reproduced automatically into rhythmically absolute conformity with music produced naturally. This mode of applicationisillustrated in Figure 15. The roller 100 paying out and the roller 101 taking in'the music band 102 of an automatic key instrument (pianola) are represented diagrammatically.

On the shaft of the reel 101 there is provided a bevel gear wheel 103 meshing with a bevel wheel 104, which engages the lower end of the axis of the transporting drum 105 of the rhythmonom. Owing to this arrangement the rhythmband will pass in the manner described above the reference mark simultaneousl with the running out of the music band. bviously there may be a difference in thelength between the rhythmband and the music band of the key instrument. In this instance too, there is provided a means for students of music, to make out simultaneously with the reproduction of the music the inner relation of the musical construction,

aided by the rhythm-noteband.

If it is desired when studying parts or scores, not only to watch the rhythm-noteband pass the reference mark, but to hear simultaneously and in synchronism with it the appertaining music, the rhythmonom is connected with one of the known sound .reproducing apparatus. It is immaterial whether or not an apparatus actuated by needle-, light-- or magnet-tone is concerned. Such connection may be direct, in that in the rhythmonom proper the motion of the rhythm-noteband and that of the sound carrier is derived from one and the same shaft, driven by a motor. However, the rhythmonom and the sound reproducing apparatus may also be arranged in separate localities. In this instance their connection is eifected either mechanically, perhaps by means of a flexible shaft, or electrically by employing a synchronizing device.

The rhythmonom may be utilized in a similar manner for all kinds of studies of speech, that is to say the rhythmband proper alone or in connection with phonograms.

Per se the said rhythmband will facilitate young actors or public speakers the study of the rhythm of speech and in addition it will also facilitate the appropriation of the technic of speech.

Connected with phonograms running out in synchronism with the rhythmband it affords the possibility to study whole roles in the conception of famous actors both as regards in rhythmical and melodical respect of speech. The study and the reproduction of melodram'as is in particular materially facilitated. For that reason the rhythmonom the band may be inspected directly. It is immaterial whether the carrying element of the phonogram is a disc or roller, a band or wire or the like.

For the instruction of groups of students an apparatus with moving letters of such type may be employed, which comprises a mat or opaquewindow pane or screen, upon which the moving letters are projected.

When teaching whole classes of pupils it is. of advantage to employ an apparatus with moving letters, which will admit of the said moving letters being projected upon a special screen or wall. Under circumstances it may be of advantage to proceed as follows: An apparatus fortaking cinematographic films is connected in synchronism with an apparatus with moving letters for direct inspection and the moving letters are then taken cinematographically. During the lesson a cinematographic projecting device is connected in synchronism with the talking machine, in order to simultaneously render tangible to the pupils in a lifelike manner the sound and the letters of the word during reproduction. And it is immaterial per se again, whether or not the talking machine and the moving letters are employed separately or in combination. If the carrier of the phonogram is a band, it is possible that the latter may form a unit with the picture band of the moving letters. In this instance the synchronous run of the phonogram and the running letters is givenat once. As the moving letters will require but a comparatively narrow band of the picture field at the disposal, it is recommendable in order to stimulate the lesson or the instructions, to

utilize the space available yet for the provision of a picture of the situation adapted each time to the subject of the lesson.

According to the invention such picture ma be a movin one or a dia ositive' under circumstances the technic of tricks may also be employed.

A vast territory for the utilization of the rhythmonom is the theatre.

Here it is used to advantage for instance in such 'a manner, that a rhythmband running out in a main apparatus will control a plurality of bands in auxiliary apparatus connected in parallel. These may be alike or different, but they must be co-ordinated in rhythmical respect. If for instance, the

performance' of an opera is concernedthe main apparatusis operated by an assistant bandmaster in such a manner-,that the notes passing the rpference mark will correspond to the music sounding in the usual manner according to the direction of the head bandmaster.

One of the auxiliary apparatus for instance may serve for accurately indicating the instant at which certain light or sound sensations must be roduced on the stage.- But it may also\be a apted in such a manner that the production of such effects or sensations is obtained automatically. This is at tained in that the rhythmband is caused to close contacts atcertain points of its run, which are connected to corresponding electromagnetically acting releasing relays.

Other/auxiliary apparatus are arranged in all the actors dressing rooms, refreshment rooms and so on,enabling the artists to be informed at any time about the state of the performance by means of the rhythmband running off and to appear on the scene in time.

Further it is advantageous to direct choirs, small orchestras and so on, which are to sound behind the stage, according to a rhythm noteband running out in one of the auxiliary apparatus past a reference mark. As experience shows, such choirs or small orchestras frequently commence too early or too late orvery easily get out of time with the main orchestra, This sensitive source of trouble is positively avoided by the monom. Y

The rhythmonom however, can also replace the prompter. For that purpose, stance, the opening of the prompters box is provided with a projecting screen, upon which is projected sufiiciently enlarged the lettering of the rhythmband running out.

similar apparatus, in whlch upon an opaque pane the whole projected score passes past a reference mark, may be made available a to the critics, students of music and other and film sceneries.

interested parties in the auditorium, is particularly recommendable, if'some novel plays are performed. ..;',l

In theatres the rhythmonom may also' e employed in connection with cinematographic projection, if it is desired to combine stage If, finally, it isdesired to connect natural productions of tone in the theatre with arti- 'ficial tone's, the rhythmonom may-be used to advantageas controlling element. It is immaterial whethersautomatic musical instruments or phonographicallyracting devices are to be connected.

The modes of application referredtoun the premises will in. no way exhaust the pos sibilities ofapplication of the apparatus accordingto the invention.

It is surely to'be expected that the-rhythmonom and the rhythmband will also be utilized for other purposes, for instance in criminal cases for recording the personal rhythm of speech with the object in view of identifying suspected persons.

I claim:

1.The method of recording the duration, spacing and accentuation of motions which consists in moving a band past a fixed point at uniform speed, causing the motions to be recorded to effect markings on the band corresponding in duration and spacing with the motions, the recording of the unaccented motions being effected in one line on said band and the recording of the accented motions being effected in a second line spaced transversely of the band from the first line.

2. The method of recording the duration,

spacing and accentuation of musicalnotes which consists in moving a band longitudinally past a fixed point at uniform speed, causing musical notes desired to berecorded to produce markings on the band varying in length directly as the extent of duration'in time ofsuch notes and varying in spacing longitudinally of the band directly as the extent of duration in time between successive notes with unaccented notes indicated in one line of markings and accented notes indicated in a second line of markings offset later ally of the band from the first line.

3, Inan apparatus for recording the extent of duration, spacing and accentuationof musical notes and the like, a recording band,

use of a rhythmeans for feedi g said band at uni-form speed past a fixed point, a'band marking device located at the fixed point and including a pair for inof marking elements, andmeans to operate said elements inaccordance with the duration and spacing of the notes to be recorded, said means being arranged to operate one of the elements solely during the recording of accented notes.

4. In an apparatus for recording the extent of duration, spacin? and accentuation of musical notes and the ike, a recording whi eh banm means for fee'ding said band at uniform speed past a fixed point, a band marking device located at the fixed point and including a pair of marking elements, and means to operate said elements in accordance with the duration and spacing of the notes to be recorded, said means being arranged to operate one of the elements solely during the recording of accented notes and to operate the other element solely during the recording of unaccented notes.

'5. In an apparatus for recording the ex tent of duration, spacing and accentua-tion of musical notes and the like,'a recording band, means for feeding said band at uni- 'formspeed past a fixed point, a band marking device located at the fixed point and in cluding a paiFo-Lrnarking elements, and

means to operate said elements in accordance with the duration and spacing of the notes to be recorded, said means being arranged to operate one of the elements solely during the recording of the accented notes, said elements being spaced transversely of the band and alined with the fixed point whereby the elements produce markings on a pair of lines similarly. spaced transversely of the band.

6. In an apparatus for recording the extent of duration spacing and accentuation of musical notes and the like, a recording band, means for feeding said band at uniform speed past a'fixed point, a band marking device located at the fixed point and including a pair of marking elements, and means to operate said elements in accordance with tlge duration and spacing of the notes to be r corded, said means being arranged to operate one of the elements solely during the recording of accented notes and to operate the other element solely during the recording .of unaccented notes, said elements being spaced transversely of the band and alined with the fixed point whereby the elements produce markings on apair of lines similarly spaced transversely of the band.

In testimony whereof I have afixed my signature.

CARL ROBERT BLUM.

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