US3421358A

US3421358A - Swage apparatus

Info

Publication number: US3421358A
Application number: US528956A
Authority: US
Inventors: Susumu Yamaura; Matsue Yamaura
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1965-02-24
Filing date: 1966-02-21
Publication date: 1969-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 1986-01-14

Description

Jan. 14, SUSUMU YAMAURA ETA!- SWAGE APPARATUS Filed Feb. 21, 196e sheet of 4' FIGJ.

VENTOR.

IN SUSUM U YHMFIURHv NHTSUE YHMHURH MMA/www Jan. 14, 1969 sUsUMU YAMALJRA ETAL 3,421,358

v SWAGE APPARATUS Filed Feb. 21, 196e vsheet 2 of 4 //7l 30 4m 50m@ 47-- MMM WW susuMU YAMAURA Er Al. 3,421,358

Jap. 14, `1969 SWAGE APPARATUS Sheet Filed Feb. 2l, 1966 su su Mu Nl/M959 MmsuE Mmm/RA WMM/@Www Jan. 14, 1969 susuMU YAMAURA ETAL ,3,421,358

SWAGE APPARATUS Filed Feb. 21, 196e sheet. 4 of 4 /0 8 9p' *l/ l 77870 INVEN o SUSUMU VHN U H BYMHTSUE YAM/JURA United States Patent O io/10,612 U.s. cl. 72-408 Inf. cl. 1121s 37/02, B215 9/18 3 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A swaging apparatus includes pairs of mating die halves arranged in longitudinally aligned relation todefine a longitudinally tapering die passage. Respective intermediate hammering blocks are associated with each die half, and arranged in longitudinal alignment with each other on either side of the split dies. The split dies are formed of magnetizable material and are magnetized with respective polarities such that the haves of each split die repulses each other, maintaining each die half in engagement with its associated intermediate hammering block. A pair of rotary hammering rods extend along respective opposite sides of the two series of hammering blocks in contact with the outer surfaces thereof to impart inwardly directed impacts to the hammering blocks to impact the associated die halves.

This invention relates to an apparatus for use in the swaging of metal tubes, particularly for the production of elongated tubes having a body longitudinally tapered by swaging from one end to the other.

The swaging apparatus known in the art has been obliged to have an overall length of the dies confined to 200 millimeters at most. In order to taper a tube by swaging, accordingly, there are employed a plurality of swagers having die passages of diverse diameters, and swaging processing is applied to the article stage by stage, passage by passage. In this case, therefore, installation costs are very high because many separate swagers are employed. Unit production cost also becomes high. In addition, multi-stage processing fails to produce even and continuous tapering of the article being swaged.

In view of the above, the elongation of swaging dies is of great utility, because said disadvantages and defects can all be eliminated when an elongated die or an elongated unit of integrally associated dies is employed, as is the case with this invention.

The primary object of this invention is accordingly to provide a novel type of swager having an elongated die unit which has an ability to perform 4a continuous and an even swaging processing which has not been possible in the prior art.

The term elongated die unit, or similar terminology, employed in this invention, includes not only an elongated single die but a plurality of dies longitudinally aligned so as to form a continuous associated linear die passage for swaging.

The above and other objects of this invention will be made clearer in view of the following description:

The split die employed in this invention is of a specific type having the property that the die halves act repulsively against each other. According to the principles of this invention, such split dies are aligned longitudinally along the central portion of the frame. Intermediate hammering blocks for laterally driving said split dies, and rotary hammering rods extend longitudinally, in this order, on both sides of the split dies in the same plane, in such a manner that the intermediate hammering blocks are driven to provide a hammering action, which operates laterally against the split dies from both sides, by the rotary action of the rotary hammering rods, and that the split dies are brought into closed swaging position by the hammering action of said intermediate blocks.

The specific arrangement and combination as described above eliminates the disadvantages of the conventional multi-stage swagers. For, according to the principles of this invention, the assembly of said split dies, intermediate hammering blocks and rotary hammering rods can be elongated as long as required without any limitation, successfully imparting, by means of the split dies which are integrally associated into a single unit, a continuous swaging processing even with respect to an article which is too long to be treated by the conventional apparatus.

However, if the split dies were brought into operating closed position by the mere lateral hammering action of the intermediate hammering blocks which are energized by the rotary action of the rotary hammering rods, and brought into idle, open position by the mere reaction of the reciprocating action, there would occur unnecessary percussive phenomena between said dies and intermediate hammering blocks, and accordingly between said intermediate hammering blocks and rotary hammering rods, during the intervals of the hammering operation, causing undesirable disturbances in the orderly action of the split dies. Such disturbances are all eliminated in the present invention, wherein there is employed a specific split die having the property of making the confronting die halves act repulsively against each other. Due to such repulsive property, each half of the split die is maintained at least in direct contact with the intermediate hammering blocks during the intervals when the halves are released from the closed operating position, whereby the split die is released from the aforesaid undesirable disturbances, advantageously allowing the die to operate under the most favorable conditions. The article to be tapered is subjected to swaging by forcing the article to intrude into the dies from one end of the assembly to the other, as is the case wilth the conventional apparatus, whereby the tapering processing is applied to the entire length of the article.

For a more concrete and clearer understanding of the principles of this invention, there are appended drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 is a plan view showing a swager embodying the principles of this invention;

FIGURE 2 is a side elevation of the embodiment of FIGURE l;

FIGURE 3 is a sectional view along the line I-I of FIGURE 2;

FIGURE 4 is an oblique View showing a split die of another type;

FIGURE 5 is a magnified view showing the split dies, intermediate hammering blocks and rotary hammering rods employed in FIGURE 1; and

FIGURE 6 is a sectional view along the line II--II of FIGURE 5.

In the swager of this invention illustrated in FIGURES l to 3, split dies having paired

halves

1 and 1 are longitudinally aligned, each of which halves is provided with a uniformly tapered split slot 2 and 2' or semi cylindrical section forming a continuous passage for swaging when brought into operating position. Said paired

halves

1 and 1 are further made of material having magnetic properties, such as steel, and provided with a polarity which makes said halves repulse each other in confronting relation.

The

paired halves

1 and 1 as specified above are longitudinally aligned in the central portion of the bed 4 of a swager frame 3 and held in position by means of

end walls

5 and 5 in such a manner that said halves ll and ll are allowed to move freely laterally of the bed and parallel to

walls

5 and 5. Said paired

halves

1 and 1 may comprise single bodies extending along the entire length between the

walls

5 and 5. In the wall 5 facing the entry side of the split die formed by the

members

1 and 1 is provided a guide opening 47 facing the entry opening of the swaging passage formed by

split slots

2 and 2 to facilitate the passage of the article into the swaging passage.

A shaft 6 carrying in alternation, intermediate hammering blocks 7 and cylindrical members 8, extends longitudinally along the outside of the half members 1 of the split dies and is movably held in position by means of

walls

5 and 5. Similarly, a shaft 6 carrying, in alternation, intermediate hammering blocks 7 and cylindrical members 8 extends longitudinally along the outside of the half members 1 of the split dies and is held in position between

walls

5 and 5. Said

intermediate hammering blocks

7 and 7 are made of material having magnetic properties, such as steel, and are anchored with the

respective shafts

6 and 6 by means of

drive pins

9 and 9 screwed therewith via openings 7a provided in the body of the

hammering blocks

7 and 7. Cylindrical members S and 8 are rotatable on their respective shafts.

A rotary hammering rod 1i?, journaled in bearings held in pillows 11 and 12 which are integral with walls 5 and 5', extends longitudinally along the outside of the intermediate hammering blocks 7 and cylindrical members 8. Another rotary hammering rod 10', journaled in bearings held in pillows 11 and 12' integral with walls 5 and 5', also extends longitudinally along the outside of the intermediate hammering blocks 7 and cylindrical members 8. Said rotary hammering rods 1i) and 10' are made of material having magnetic properties, such as steel, each being held in position by means of two pairs of rollers 4S and 48', to mitigate the percussive shocks acting against the bearings held in

pillows

11 and 12, 11 and 12. Each of said

rotary hammering rods

10 and 10 is further integrally provided on its surface, except those areas which are in contact with the holding rollers 48 and 43', with longitudinal projections 13 and 13', spaced circumferentially from one another by a suitable distance, for hammering the

cylindrical members

8 and 8 at ordered intervals.

Each unit of holding rollers 4S is further held in position by means of a supporter 49 which is held in a guide 56 which is secured to a lateral wall 14 by a suitable means, such as bolting, Similarly, each unit of holding rollers 48 is held in position by means of a supporter 49 which is held in a guide 50" which is secured to another lateral wall 14. Each of said supporters 49 is further adjustable by means o-f adjusting screws 52 threaded laterally through wall 14 and locked by means of lock nuts 51. Similarly, each of said supporters 49 is adjustable by means of adjusting screws 52 threaded laterally through the wall 14 and locked by means of lock nuts 51.

The

lateral walls

14 and 14 are water-tightly secured at right angles to the

side walls

5 and 5 by a suitable means, such as soldering. The frame 15 formed by the walls `14, 5, 14 and 5 is secured in a groove 53 in the bed 4, with the interpositioning of oil-proof packing 16 by a suitable means, such as bolting, and lubricating oil is maintained in the enclosure formed by the frame 15 in association with the bed 4. The frame 15 may be provided with a lid to prevent the scattering of lubricating oil during swaging operations.

The

rotary hammering rods

10 and 19 are driven in opposing directions, as shown by arrows in FIGURE 3, by a motor 17, the movement of which is transmitted to said rods 1t) and 10 via drive shaft 18, transmission belt 19, shaft 21 provided with a ity-wheel Ztl, and the transmission gear 22 which is engaged on the one hand with the gear 23 secured to one end of the rotary hammering rod 10 and on the other with the gear 24 secured to one end of the rotary hammering rod 10, all members being operationally associated with one another.

Member 25 is a rotary shaft for driving the article to be treated longitudinally into the swaging passage formed by the split slots 2 and 2' of the split dies formed by the

halves

1 and 1. Said drive shaft 25 is journaled in bearings held in the

pillows

29 and 29 which are provided in a carriage 28 which is geared with rails 27 and 27' extending longitudinally on the frame 26 in such a manner that the position of the drive shaft 25 can be adjusted longitudinally along the axial line of the swaging passage by means of shifting the carriage 28 along the

rails

27 and 27. Member 30 is a motor for driving shaft 25, the movement of which motor is transmitted to shaft 25 via transmission belt 31, stepless change gear 32, transmission belt 33, worm gear 34, worm wheel 35 in mesh with said worm gear 34, transmission belt 36 connecting the worm gear shaft with an inter-mediate drive shaft 37 extending longitudinally on the frame 26, and a transmission belt 38 connecting

pulleys

43 and 44, of which pulley 43 is secured on intermediate drive shaft 37 by means of a slide key (not shown) so as to enable the pulley 43 to move longitudinally relative to the intermediate drive shaft 37, and the pulley 44 is operationally secured to one of the end portions of the drive shaft 25. The transmission belt 38 bridging the

pulleys

43 and 44 is of a sliding type, so that the belt skids or runs idle when the article driving shaft 25 reaches the maximum operational load. Other suitable means known in the art, such as a clutch mechanism which releases itself when the operational load reaches a predetermined maximum, may be employed instead of said sliding transmission system.

Member 39 is a hand wheel for shifting the carriage 28 along the

rails

27 and 27. Said hand wheel 39 is secured to one end of a shaft 42 which has a pinion 41 meshing with a rack 40 extending longitudinally on the frame 26. The turning by hand of this hand wheel 39 shifts the carriage 28 along the

rails

27 and 27.

The swaging apparatus shown in FIGURES 1 to 3 is employed for tapering articles having no magnetic properties and is operated in the following manner:

The article to be swaged is placed in operative position with one end engaged with the forward end portion of the drive shaft 25 and the other inserted in the guide opening 47. In engaging the article with the drive shaft 25, there are employed suitable means, such as inserting a split pin 46 through the pin hole 45 which is provided in the body of the drive shaft 25 via a slot provided in the end portion of the article. The article thus stationed is gradually driven into the swaging passage formed by the

split slots

2 and 2, in association with the forward shift of the carriage 28.

Prior to the insertion of the article into the entry of the swaging passage, the article driving shaft 25 and

rotary hammering rods

10 and 10 are energized by means of motors 17 and 30. Then the projections 13 and 13' provided on the surface of hammering

rods

10 and 10 act against the cylindrical members 8 and 8', driving the shafts 6 and 6', and accordingly the intermediate harnrnering blocks 7 and 7 integrally associated therewith, inwardly against the split dies formed by half members 1 and 1', whereby half

members

1 and 1 are driven inwardly in opposition to the magnetic repulsion members 1 and 1', imparting swaging processing to the forward end portion of the article inserted in the entry of the swaging passage formed by the

split slots

2 and 2.

The swaging loperation of the split dies formed by

halves

1 and 1 is repeated, each time a

projection

13 and 13 strikes against

cylindrical members

8 and 8 by means of the

rotary hammering rods

10 and 10. The article engaged with the drive shaft 25 is gradually inserted into the swaging passage in accordance with the forward shift of the carriage 28. The article being tapered is immovably held in the swaging passage when the split dies formed by

halves

1 and 1 are in a closed operating position, whereby the rotation of the article is inhibited and the torque reaction on` the drive shaft 2S reaches the maximum value. Then the sliding transmission belt 38 slips, and the drive shaft 25, and accordingly the article being tapered, is released from the maximum operational load resisting the rotary movement, eliminating the drag acting upon the drive shaft 25 and the article being driven. When the intermediate hammering blocks 7 and 7 are released from the driving action of the projections 13 and 13', namely, when the half members 1 and 1' forming the split dies are released vfrom the closed operating position, the operational load on the drive shaft 25 is eliminated and the sliding transmission belt 38 is again effective in driving the article being tapered further into the Swaging passage formed by the split slots 2 and 2'. This forward thrust of the article being tapered may be performed not only mechanically as shown also manually.

When the half members 1 and 1' forming the split dies are released from the closing operating position, half members 1 and intermediate hammering blocks 7 on the one hand, and half members 1' and intermediate hammering blocks 7 on the other, are drawn backward to and held in contact with the rotary hammering rods and 10' respectively by the magnetic repulsion force acting between the split dies, so that there are produced no per cussive disorders in the closing action of the

half members

1 and 1 following the release of said

members

1 and 1 from the closing position, whereby the dies are always held in ordered operation and a uniform Swaging processing can be applied to the entire length of the article from one end to the other while the article is forced to pass through the Swaging passage from the entry toward the exit.

As a means for imparting the desirable repulsive action to the half members 1 and 1' forming the split dies, there may be used compressed coil springs as is illustrated in FIGURE 4.

The split die shown in FIGURE 4 is not magnetized. On the end portions of the

halves

1 and 1 there are

secured brackets

55 and 55 in pairs by a suitable means, such as bolting, in such a manner that a compressed coil spring 54 is held in position between said

brackets

55 and 55 by holding rod 56 having one end secured to the bracket 55 and the other movably passing through the opening 57 provided in the bracket 55.

The modified embodiment shown in FIGURE 4 is installed on the bed 4 in such a manner as shown in FIG- URES 1 to 3 and operated in the same 4manner as described hereinbefore. The

half members

1 and 1 forming the split die shown in FIGURE 4 are provided with a repulsive property to act against each other by means of the resilient force of the compressed coil springs 54 and 54. Having no magnetic property and the resultant induction effect, said split die can be employed without regard to the magnetic properties of the article to be tapered.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail to illustrate the application of the principles of the invention, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied otherwise Without departing from such principles.

We claim:

1. Swaging apparatus comprising, in combination, at least one split die including a pair of mating die halves conjointly defining a longitudinally tapering die passage when said die halves are closed on each other; laterally displaceable intermediate hammering block means longi tudinally aligned along the lopposite outer surfaces of said die halves and having portions in aligned engagement with said die halves; means biasing said die halves laterally apart to expand said die passage laterally and to maintain said die halves in continual engagement with said portions of said intermediate hammering block means; and rotary hammering rod means extending along and in contact with the laterally outward surfaces of said hammering block means and effective, during rotation, to impart inwardly directed impacts to said hammering block means to impact said die halves into closed relation to swage work disposed in said die passage; said means biasing said die halves laterally apart comprising like polarity magnetization of the two die halves of each split die, Whereby said die halves are biased apart by magnetic repulsion.

2. Swaging apparatus comprising, in. combination, at least one split die including a pair of mating die halves conjointly dening a longitudinally tapering die passage when said die halves are closed on each other; laterally displaced intermediate hammering block means longitudinally aligned along the opposite outer surfaces of said die halves and having portions in aligned engagement with said die halves; means biasing said die halves laterally apart to expand said die pasage laterally and to maintain said die halves in continual engagement with said portions of said intermediate hammering block means; and rotary hammering rod means extending along and in contact With the laterally outward surfaces of said hammering block means and effective, during rotation, to impart inwardly directed impacts to said hammering block means to impact said die halves into closed relation to swage work disposed in said die passage; said intermediate hammering block means comprising hammering blocks and rollers arranged in alternation longitudinally of respective shafts extending along opposite outer surfaces of said die halves; said blocks being xed to said shafts and said rollers being rotatable on said shafts and projecting laterally outwardly beyond the outer surfaces of said hammering blocks.

3. Swaging apparatus, as claimed in claim 2, in which said rotary hammering rod means comprises a pair of rods each extending longitudinally adjacent the laterally outer surface of a respective hammering block means, said last-named shafts being formed with ribs extending longitudinally of the outer surface thereof in circumferentially spaced relation and engageable with the projecting portions of said rollers in a die half impacting manner.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 435,351 8/1890 Berry 173-94 715,774 12/1902 Fenner -i 72-452 2,617,319 11/1952 Richards 72-76 2,919,611 1/1960 Nichols 72--396 CHARLES W. LANHAM, Primary Examiner.

G. P. CROSBY, Assistant Examiner.

U.S. Cl. XR. 72--415, 430, 452