US3421158A - Articulated joint - Google Patents

Articulated joint Download PDF

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Publication number
US3421158A
US3421158A US486474A US3421158DA US3421158A US 3421158 A US3421158 A US 3421158A US 486474 A US486474 A US 486474A US 3421158D A US3421158D A US 3421158DA US 3421158 A US3421158 A US 3421158A
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Prior art keywords
segments
joint
segment
gear
gears
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Expired - Lifetime
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US486474A
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English (en)
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Giusto Fonda-Bonardi
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Northrop Grumman Guidance and Electronics Co Inc
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Litton Systems Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
    • B63C11/10—Rigid suits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19628—Pressure distributing

Definitions

  • An articulated joint for interconnecting to portions of a deep sea diving suit which is adapted to enclose adjacent members of the human body, comprising a plurality of substantially spherical segments, including two end segments secured respectively to the adjacent portions of the diving suit, and at least one intermediate segment, adapted to be nested in a predetermined angular relationship as the joint is flexed.
  • the segments are interconnected by at least one gear and linkage assembly for distributing an angle of flexure of the joint in a predetermined proportion among the segments and for reventing the segments from separating.
  • the compressive force of the surrounding water on the spherical segments is transmitted through at least one roller assembly.
  • This invention relates to articulated joints for a lowpressure diving suit, and more particularly to an improved form of articulated joint which maintains a constant displacement volume when flexed.
  • the articulated joints of the invention allow a mobility to the wearer which is comparable with that of a free swimmer, provide thermal protection to the wearer for long periods in cold water, and permit the air pressure in the suit to be maintained at a normal pressure of substantially one atmosphere.
  • the constant volume joints comprise a pair of end segments, having the shape of spherical segments-of-onebase, with each contoured to form a port which adapted to receive the limb of a wearer; a plurality of ring-shaped intermediate spherical-segments-of-two-bases; a means for intercoupling the spherical segments to distribute the angle of movement of the joint among the segments and to carry compressive forces across the joint between the end segments; and a tubular section of flexible, non-permeable material, such asfor example-rubberized fabric, aflixed to each segment and circumscribing the intermediate segments to create a seal between the segments.
  • a plurality of shells each having the form of a spherical segment, are interconnected to form a structure having the shape of a series of spherical segments of diminishing diameter, in which each segment is partially nested in the segment of next larger diameter.
  • the segments are constructed to withstand compressive force and to maintain substantially constant volume when subjected to pressure.
  • the segments are interconnected by gears and linkages so that, when a bending moment is applied to the joint, each segment rotates inside the segment of next larger diameter to permit the volume of the joint to remain constant throughout the range of fiexure.
  • the gears function to distribute, in a predetermined proportion, the angle of fiexure of the joint, among the segments.
  • the connecting linkages prevent the segments from separating.
  • an object of this invention to enclose a human being in an environment having a first fluid pres sure, which environment is substantially constant pressure in the presence of surrounding higher fluid pressures.
  • FIG. 1 is a view of the typical suit utilizing the constant volume joints of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a profile view of a typical joint of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a view taken from the right in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a view, partly in profile, partly in section, taken at 44 in FIG. 3 which shows the joint in a fixed position.
  • FIG. 5 is a view of the joint in an alternate position.
  • FIG. 6 is a fragmentary view, partly in profile, partly in section, taken at 6-6 in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a view of a typical gear train and roller asselmbly.
  • FIG. 1 a constant volume suit which includes, as an interval part thereof, a plurality of constant volume joints, according to the invention. Substantially the same proltection to the wearer is provided by the joints as by the rigid portions of the suit. The joints also allow mobility compatible with the anatomical range of movement of the man inside.
  • the constant volume joint of the invention comprises-for examplefive basic structural elements, namely: an upper spherical end segment 10 connected to an upper adjacent element 11 (see FIG. 1) of the suit at an upper port 20 to move with the enclosed body member; a lower end segment 18 connected to a lower adjacent element 19 (see FIG.
  • sealing means 24 which is a flexible non-permeable material, for sealing the interstices between the segments 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18; and means 29 for regulating angular travel of the segments and for carrying compressive forces across the joint.
  • Angular motion of the enclosed body members is duplicated in the joint by the simultaneous rotation of each nested segment through an angle equal to a predetermined fraction of the total angle of flexure.
  • Each equal segment is connected to rotate within a range of movement inside the next larger, adjacent segment. Because the segments have a spherical shape, each segment rotating inside another must have a common center of curvature with the larger segment. In 'order to achieve the desired range of flexure in the joints, the segments are spaced to make the sum of the angles of rotation of each segment with respect to the next larger segment equal to the total angle of flexure.
  • the odd segments in the sequence (10, 14, 18) are spaced so that each of the respective centers of curvature (13, 15, 17) rotates with respect to each adjacent center of curvature.
  • the displacement between odd segments is bridged by even segments in the sequence (12, 16) which are spaced at midpoints between centers of curvature 13, 15 and 15, 17 respectively, and which segments each have an inner surface with a center of curvature common to its next small er adjacent segment (14 and 18 respectively) and each have an outer surface with a common center of curvature with its adjacent next larger segment (10 and 14 respectively).
  • Fabric 24, shown particularly in FIG. 4, provides a sealing means between segments 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18 in all positions of the joint.
  • Fabric 24 extends from end segment 10 to end segment 18 to enclose the external surfaces of intermediate segments 12, 14, and 16. Pressure forces fabric 24 into the minimum displacement permitted by the supporting structures of segments.
  • Fabric 24 convolutes on one side of the joint (see 24a) between the areas of each segment, which are subtended by the next larger segment, and the corresponding subtending areas of the next larger segment.
  • fabric 24b fabric 24 is pressed over areas of segments not subtended by adjacent larger segments.
  • portions of the fabn'c which should not move may conveniently be fastened (for example, by gluing) to a portion of each shell.
  • areas of fabric are rolled, from a position covering the outer surface of a particular segment (for example 24b of FIG. 4), to a position covering the inner surface of the corresponding subtending segment (for example, 24d of FIG. 5).
  • fabric 24 is rolled from the subtending inner surfaces (for example, from 24a of FIG. 4) to the surfaces of the extending, adjacent smaller segments (for example, 24c of FIG. 5).
  • Fabric 24 is everywhere supported by the segments except for those ring-shaped unsupported areas between and perpendicular to the surfaces of adjacent segments. Fabric 24 provides a pressure seal for these unsupported areas.
  • Means 29 regulates relative motion of segments 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18 to distribute the total angle of flexure of the joint into relative angular movement of the segments, to prevent compression by the external fluid of each segment into the adjacent larger segment, and to prevent separation of each segment from adjacent segments.
  • Means 29 is one of a pair of substantially identical gear train and roller assemblies.
  • Means 29 comprises a first means for transmitting compressive forcesupper roller 30with a first driving meansgear 48-rigidly attached at one end, intermediate means for withstanding compressive forces-intermediate roller 36-with a second driving means-gear 50and a third driving meansgear 58 (not shown in FIG.
  • the sequence of first gear 48, upper linkage 40, second gear 50 having a colineal axis of revolution with third gear 58, lower linkage 42, and fourth gear 60 comprises a planetary gear train.
  • Each element in the sequence is rotatable with re spect to adjacent elements. For example, rotation of the entire shown gear train through an angle is accomplished in the following manner.
  • Angle 6 represents the angular difference in the position of the joint shown in FIGURE from the position of the joint shown in FIGURE 4. More particularly, angle 0 represents the angle through which line 21 of FIGURE 4 moves as the joint is moved from the position shown in FIGURE 4 to the position shown in FIGURE 5.
  • fourth gear 60 to be fixed.
  • Lower linkage 42 rotates through an angle A with respect to fourth gear 60.
  • Third gear 58 and rigidly attached second gear 50 rotate an angle A with respect to lower linkage 42.
  • Upper linkage 40 rotates through an angle A with respect to second gear 50 and rigidly attached third gear 58.
  • First gear 48 rotates through an angle A with respect to upper linkage 40.
  • the rotation of the gear train through an angle 0, or 4A is distributed inpredetermined proportions over the displacement between adjacent elements in the gear train.
  • means 29 is constructed for distributing angular movement and for withstanding the force of external pressure.
  • each roller has at least one bearing positioned about the axis of the roller.
  • First bearing 49 is mounted in upper roller 30.
  • Second bearing 51 and third bearing 52 are mounted at opposite ends of intermediate roller 36.
  • Fourth bearing 53 is mounted at one end of lower roller 38.
  • Gears are rigidly aflixed to the rollers to rotate therewith about common axes.
  • First gear 48 is connected to upper roller 30, second gear 50 and third gear 58 to opposite ends of intermediate roller 36, and fourth gear 60 to one end of lower roller 38.
  • the gears are attached to the rollers by screws (FIGS. 4 and 5) for example, screws 54 and 55 connect third gear 58 to intermediate roller 36.
  • the pitch diameter of each gear is equal to the diameter of the roller to which it is attached.
  • Alternative means of attachment are press-fitting of the gear on the roller, or machining the gear from the roller blank as an integral part.
  • Linkages connect adjacent rollers in frictional contact while permitting angular movement of the rollers and gears with respect to the connecting linkage.
  • Upper linkage 40 and lower linkage 42 each comprise a bar and pin connecting means (FIG. 6).
  • Upper linkage 40 is connected to upper roller 30 by insertion of the pin 39 into first bearing 49 mounted in upper roller 30.
  • Pin 41 at the opposite end of upper linkage 40, is inserted into second bearing 51 of intermediate roller 36.
  • Lower linkage 42 connects intermediate roller 36 and lower roller 38 by insertion of the pins 43 and 44 into third bearing 52 and fourth bearing 53 respectively.
  • Gears connected to adjacent rollers are meshed to distribute relative angular movement of rollers 30, 36, and 38 in a predetermined fashion.
  • First gear 48 on upper roller 30 is meshed with second gear 50 on intermediate roller 36.
  • Third gear 58 rotates with second gear 50 because both are attached to an intermediate roller 36.
  • Third gear 58, on intermediate roller 36 is meshed with fourth gear 60 which is mounted on lower roller 38.
  • the relative angular movement between the rollers 30 and 36 of one pair of adjacent rollers is made equal to the relative angular movement between the rollers 36 and 38 of the other pair of adjacent rollers by utilizing substantially identical gears in the chain.
  • FIGS. 4-7 For simplicity of description only the gear train in one embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 4-7. It will be understood from the description set forth above, however, that the invention encompasses the use of one or more planetary gear trains intercoupled in accordance with the teachings herein disclosed, and that the number of gears and linkages employed in any given device will be determined by the angle of flexure to be duplicated by the joint.
  • a gear train of minimum length includes at least two end gears and one connecting linkage.
  • Each gear and linkage is connected to a different segment of the joint to distribute angular rotation.
  • Gears are rigidly connected to consecutive odd segments in the sequence (10, 14, 18).
  • End gears are rigidly connected to upper end segment 10 and lower end segment 18 respectively.
  • each gear is connected to a corresponding roller.
  • Each roller is connected to a segment by means of a bracket (for example first gear 48 is connected to upper roller 30).
  • Upper roller 30 is connected to bracket 26 by screws 34 and 32.
  • Bracket 26 is mechanically connected to the interior of upper end segment 10.
  • Linkages are rigidly attached to consecutive even numbered segments.
  • Upper linkage 40 is connected to intermediate segment 12.
  • Lower linkage 42 is connected to intermediate segment 16, for example, by screws 45 and 46.
  • the wearer inserts his arm into port 20 (shown in FIG. 2).
  • the arm emerges from port 22.
  • Port 20 and port 22 connect to adjacent members of the suit to completely enclose the elbow of the wearer.
  • a pressure dilferential that is proportional to the depth, exists between the interior of the suit and the external water pressure.
  • the internal air pressure of the suit is maintained at substantially one atmosphere.
  • the force of the hydrostatic pressure which is constant over the surface are-a of the joint, is borne by the rigid spherical shells 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18, by the load-bearing plurality of rollers 30, 36, and 38, and by fabric 24.
  • the force exerted by the Water is perpendicular to the surface at every point on the surface.
  • the force on every infinitesimal area of the surface may be thought of as a vector which may be resolved into component parts in particular directions.
  • axes may be chosen along lines joining the centers of curvature 13 and 15 and joining centers 15 and 17, as shown by FIGS. 35.
  • the force on each infinitesimal area of each segment has a component in the direction of each line joining the centers of curvature and a component in a plane perpendicular to this line. Forces in the direction of lines joining the centers of curvature 13, 15, and 17 tend to collapse each segment into the adjacent next larger segment.
  • the forces are transmitted from end segments and 18 to rollers 30 and 38 by brackets 26 and 28, respectively, in each of the identical pair of means 29. Rollers 30 and 38 transmit the force to roller 36.
  • Forces on intermediate segments 12 and 16 (which are connected to a pair of upper and lower linkages 40 and 42 respectively) are transmitted by the connecting linkage to each of the identical pair of rollers 36.
  • the interconnected rollers and linkages are constructed to support the force across the joint while maintaining their planetary relationship.
  • Compressive forces due to component force vectors located in a plane perpendicular to the lines joining the centers of curvature 13 and and joining centers 15 and 17 are not transmitted to the system of rollers and linkages but are Withstood by the rigid construction of the spherical shells. Forces are also exerted on the ring-shaped areas of fabric which seal the interstices between the spherical segments. The force on the fabric is less than the tear strength of the fabric because the area of fabric not supported by a rigid segment is very small. The magnitude of the force is equal to the pressure multiplied by the area subjected to the pressure. The size of the unsupported area is made minimal by establishing a minimal difference in the diameters of adjacent concentric spheres.
  • fourth gear 60 transmits an equal torque to third gear 58 while it rotates about third gear 58.
  • Second gear 50 transmits an equal torque to first gear 48 while rotating about first gear 48.
  • Each gear and linkage of means 29 is connected to a different segment to distribute angular rotation.
  • the pair of first gears 48 attached to upper end segment 10 remain stationary.
  • Gears 48 comprise the sun gears in the pair of planetary gear trains.
  • the succession of rollers moves in the planetary relationship of the gears without slippage. Each roller is attached to at least one gear to connnect the gear to a segment.
  • Rotation of the gears by application of a torque to the rain causes the succession of rollers to move with the gears. Because the diameter of each roller is equal to the pitch diameter of each attached gear, the rollers are constrained to move without slippage.
  • the segments are thereby interconnected to distribute and constrain angular flexing of the joint into angular movement of adjacent segments in a predetermined proportion. As the segments rotate, fabric 24 convolutes between adjacent segments to form a pressure seal for the ring-shaped areas not supported by the segment.
  • the forces created by water pressure on the joint are at equilibrium during rotation of the joint.
  • the system of rollers and linkages withstands force in every position of the joint within a range of flexure.
  • the compressive force on each segment is constant at a particular depth because the constant surface area of that segment is exposed to the external pressure.
  • the diver expends no energy on the surrounding water in flexing the joint.
  • a lune-shaped surface area described by two intersecting great circles on a particular segment is enveloped.
  • An equal lune-shaped area on the other side of that segrnent is exposed. This is true for each nested segment and, therefore, the surface area of the joint remains constant as the joint is rotated through an angle.
  • the volume of water displaced by the joint is equal to the sum of the volumes displaced by each spherical segment.
  • Upper end segment 10 contributes to the total displacement.
  • Each segment that protrudes from the next larger segment contributes additional volume to the total displacement.
  • the volume displaced by a particular segment is the function of the surface area of the segment exposed to the pressure differential and of the radius of the spherical segment.
  • the surface area of each segment has been shown to be constant as the joint is rotated.
  • the radius of each segment is made constant by construction. Therefore, the volume displaced by any particular spherical segment is constant as the joint is rotated.
  • the total displacement of the joint equal to the sum of the displacements of each segment, is also constant as the joint is rotated. If the volume of the joint remains constant, there can be no displacement of Water when the joint is rotated.
  • the amount of energy expended is equal to the force applied multiplied by the distance through Which it acts. Force due to pressure is present, but because there is no displacement of the force through a distance, the product indicates that no energy is expended on the surrounding water when the joint is rotated.
  • the joint ceases to rotate when the wearer ceases to apply force to the joint or when a limit of travel of the joint has been reached.
  • a specific embodiment of the invention shown is capable for flexure through an angle of It is to be understood, of course, that various alternatives and modifications could be made to the constant volume joint herein disclosed without departing from the invention. For example, additional spherical segments could be added by extending the pair of planetary gear trains to provide a larger angle of fiexure. Accordingly, it is to be expressly understood that the spirit and scope of the invention are to be limited only by the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
  • An articulated, segmented joint for a protective suit having end ports defining two axes, said axes being adapted to be substantially aligned with body axes of an enclosed member comprising:
  • a plurality of juxtaposed circumferentially continuous segments including at least two end segments and at least one intermediate segment, said segments adapted to be nested, in sequence, with said end segments having end ports defining two axes which are adapted to be aligned with the body axes of an enclosed member;
  • a device as recited in claim 1 in which said means for constraining relative angular displacement between said segments simultaneously rotates each said nested segment through an angle equal to a predetermined fraction of the total angle of flexure of the joint.
  • a device as recited in claim 1 in which said flexible, non-permeable material sealing the interstices between adjacent nesting, moveable segments is connected between the external surfaces of said end segments to enclose said intermediate segments.
  • a device as recited in claim 5 in which said flexible, non-permeable material rolls from the outer surface of the retracting side of each said moveable segment to the inner surface of the adjacent large subtending segment and rolls from the inner surface of each said segment to the outer surface of the adjacent extending segment.
  • said means for constraining relative angular displacement and for carrying forces across said joint comprises two substantially identical planetary gear train-linkage-roller assemblies, the first and last gears of each said assembly being connected to said end segments to turn therewith, and each gear and linkage of each of said assemblies being connected to a different said segment to distribute the angular rotation between said end segments across the junctions between said intermediate segments and the junctions between said intermediate segments and said end segments.
  • said means for constraining angular displacement comprises:
  • a pair of substantially identical gear trains connected to control flexure of said joint and connected to said segments to distribute and constrain angular flexing between adjacent sections in a predetermined proportion, and supporting torque applied across said joint.
  • gear trains each have a plurality of consecutive gears including at least two end gears, and have at least one connecting linkage, adjacent meshing gears being attached to said linkages to constrain said gears against relative displacement and to support forces directed between and perpendicular to the rotation axes of said gears.
  • a device as recited in claim 10 in which said segments are odd in number, said linkages are rigidly connected to the consecutive even said segments, said gears are rigidly connected to the consecutive odd said segments, and said end gears are rigidly connected to said first and last segments.
  • a plurality of shafts rigidly connected to said gears including end shafts connected to said end gears, with two gears on each said shaft and one gear on each said end shafts, each of said gears meshing with only one other adjacent said gear.
  • each of said rollers on each said shaft, having two gears thereon, is positioned between said two gears on that particular shaft.
  • a device as recited in claim 8 in which said pair of substantially indentical gear trains are positioned on and attached to said segments at opposing ends of diameters of each said segment.
  • An articulated, segmented joint for a protective suit having end ports defining two axes, said axes being adapted to be substantially aligned with body axes of an enclosed member comprising:
  • each said gear train and roller assembly including linkage means therebetween, the first and last gears of each said assembly being connected to said end segments to turn therewith, and each gear and linkage of each of said gear trains being connected to a different said segment to distribute the angular rotation between said end segments across the junctions between said intermediate segments and the junctions between said intermediate segments and said end segments, said pair of gear train and roller assemblies being constructed and arranged to carry substantially all compressive and tensional forces across said joint between said end segments;
  • a device as recited in claim 16 in which said means for constraining relative angular displacement between said segments simultaneously rotates each said nested segment through an angle equal to a predetermined fraction of the total angle of flexure of the joint.
  • a device as recited in claim 16 in which said flexible, non-permeable material sealing the interstices between adjacent nesting, moveable segments is connected between the external surfaces of said end segments to enclose said odd number of intermediate segments.
  • a device as recited in claim 18 in which said flexible non-permeable material seals the interstices between adjacent nesting, moveable segments.
  • a device as recited in claim 19 in which said flexible non-permeable material rolls from the outer surface of the retracting side of each said moveable segment to the inner surface of the adjacent larger subtending segment and rolls from the inner surface of each said segment to the outer surface of the adjacent extending smaller segments when all said segments are angularly moved relative to each other.
  • a first portion of the suit adapted to enclose one member of the human body
  • a second portion of the suit adapted to enclose an adjacent member of the human body which is connected to the first member of the body by a joint;
  • a diving suit joint interconnecting said first and second portions of the suit, said suit joint including two end circumferentially continuous segments secured respectively to said first and second suit portions, and further including at least one circumferentially continuous intermediate segments, said segments having substantially spherical surfaces adapted to be nested in sequence with the intermediate segments having substantially annular shape;
  • a gear train and roller assembly comprising:
  • a planetary gear train having a plurality of consecutive 12 gears including at least two end gears and at least one connecting linkage
  • a plurality of shafts rigidly connected to said gears including end shafts connected to said end gears, with two gears on each shaft and one gear on each said end shafts, each said gear meshing with only one other adjacent gear;
  • rollers equal in number to said shafts, mounted upon said shafts in rolling contact with the rollers of adjacent shafts to carry compression forces between and perpendicular to the rotation axes of said shafts;
  • a device as recited in claim 24 in which said rollers on each shaft, having two gears thereon, are axially positioned between said two gears on that particular shaft.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)
  • Friction Gearing (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
US486474A 1965-09-10 1965-09-10 Articulated joint Expired - Lifetime US3421158A (en)

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US48647465A 1965-09-10 1965-09-10

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US3421158A true US3421158A (en) 1969-01-14

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US486474A Expired - Lifetime US3421158A (en) 1965-09-10 1965-09-10 Articulated joint

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US (1) US3421158A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE686452A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1296042B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1098919A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6612673A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO118652B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4091464A (en) * 1976-12-23 1978-05-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Spacesuit mobility joints
US5860162A (en) * 1997-10-22 1999-01-19 Love; Roy M. Inflatable fireproof aviation body suit

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US396773A (en) * 1889-01-29 Adjustable curved pipe-section
US568537A (en) * 1896-09-29 Carl l
US685628A (en) * 1901-05-06 1901-10-29 F Lee Norton Pneumatic stacker.
FR402272A (fr) * 1908-08-24 1909-10-02 Jules Grimaud Embrayeur universel
FR422037A (fr) * 1909-11-06 1911-03-10 Thomas Foreign Patents Ltd Perfectionnements apportés dans les dispositifs de transmission électromécanique
US1349060A (en) * 1914-05-20 1920-08-10 Gall Friedrich Water and pressure tight ball-joint
US1383322A (en) * 1919-09-18 1921-07-05 Oceanic Salvage Corp Flexible joint for diving-armor
US1722375A (en) * 1927-02-14 1929-07-30 Hipssich Karl Diving apparel adapted to withstand high pressure
US3236544A (en) * 1963-12-02 1966-02-22 Otis Eng Co Flexible coupling
US3242499A (en) * 1962-09-07 1966-03-29 Litton Systems Inc Constant volume joint

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE457885C (de) * 1928-03-26 Seeschiffahrtsgesellschaft Nap Zylindrischer, biegsamer, hohler Druckkoerper fuer Tiefsee-Tauchgeraete

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US396773A (en) * 1889-01-29 Adjustable curved pipe-section
US568537A (en) * 1896-09-29 Carl l
US685628A (en) * 1901-05-06 1901-10-29 F Lee Norton Pneumatic stacker.
FR402272A (fr) * 1908-08-24 1909-10-02 Jules Grimaud Embrayeur universel
FR422037A (fr) * 1909-11-06 1911-03-10 Thomas Foreign Patents Ltd Perfectionnements apportés dans les dispositifs de transmission électromécanique
US1349060A (en) * 1914-05-20 1920-08-10 Gall Friedrich Water and pressure tight ball-joint
US1383322A (en) * 1919-09-18 1921-07-05 Oceanic Salvage Corp Flexible joint for diving-armor
US1722375A (en) * 1927-02-14 1929-07-30 Hipssich Karl Diving apparel adapted to withstand high pressure
US3242499A (en) * 1962-09-07 1966-03-29 Litton Systems Inc Constant volume joint
US3236544A (en) * 1963-12-02 1966-02-22 Otis Eng Co Flexible coupling

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4091464A (en) * 1976-12-23 1978-05-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Spacesuit mobility joints
US4151612A (en) * 1976-12-23 1979-05-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Spacesuit mobility knee joints
US5860162A (en) * 1997-10-22 1999-01-19 Love; Roy M. Inflatable fireproof aviation body suit

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Publication number Publication date
BE686452A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-03-06
NO118652B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-01-19
DE1296042B (de) 1969-05-22
NL6612673A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-03-13
GB1098919A (en) 1968-01-10

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