US3420972A - High voltage gas blast circuit breaker - Google Patents

High voltage gas blast circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
US3420972A
US3420972A US554476A US3420972DA US3420972A US 3420972 A US3420972 A US 3420972A US 554476 A US554476 A US 554476A US 3420972D A US3420972D A US 3420972DA US 3420972 A US3420972 A US 3420972A
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United States
Prior art keywords
rod
operating
valve
circuit breaker
pistons
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US554476A
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English (en)
Inventor
Walter Pucher
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ABB Norden Holding AB
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ASEA AB
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Publication date
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/46—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using rod or lever linkage, e.g. toggle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to gas blast circuit breakers for high voltage and in particular refers to a device with which such a breaker can be released very quickly when, for example, a short circuit occurs.
  • breaking time is meant the time from the moment the breaker receives the opening impulse to the moment of current interruption.
  • the blast valves of the power breaks and possibly the intermediate valves for the opening and closing of the breaker are usually arranged in the immediate vicinity of the power breaks at high potential. These valves must however be controlled by means of operating devices placed at earth potential and it has thus been proved to be diflicult to effect a simple and sufliciently quick transmission of necessary operating pulses from earth to high potential.
  • the present invention provides a gas blast circuit breaker with a device for quick release which is not impaired by the above mentioned disadvantages.
  • the gas blast circuit breaker according to the invention comprises at least one power break which is pneumatically operable 9 Claims by means of a compressed gas valve placed at high potential.
  • the movable valve member of the valve is connected to an operating device placed at earth potential by means of an insulating operating rod arranged inside a supporting insulator filled with compressed gas, which operating rod is prestressed by a tensile force when the power break is in the closed position.
  • the device is characterised in that said prestressing is effected by means of two axially displaceable pistons connected to the rod and fitting tightly against cylinder-like surfaces at the upper and lower ends of the rod.
  • the operating rod When opening the power break the operating rod is arranged to drive the movable valve member in the direction against the flow of the compressed gas which causes the opening of the power break.
  • the effective pre-stressing area of the valve member is less than the area of the piston arranged at the upper end of the operating rod and further the sum of the effective pre-stressing area of the movable valve member and the area of the lower piston is greater than the area of the upper piston.
  • the areas of the pistons intended for prestressing the rod are chosen in relation to the efiective area of the movable valve member so that during the opening a great acceleration of the valve member is produced, and also the necessary prestressing pressure and distinct return of the valve member during closing are obtained.
  • the lower end of the rod is fixed to the armature of a holding magnet which in the closed position of the power break holds the armature and thereby the rod against the influence of a vertically directed force emanating for example from the compressed gas.
  • a demagnetising current impulse in the holding magnet the armature can be made to separate from the magnet poles so that a particularly short releasing time can be achieved.
  • High voltage gas blast circuit breakers usually have a plurality of series connected power breaks per pole and it is particularly important that all the power breaks open at the same time.
  • a breaker which according to the present invention is operated by means of substantially vertical operating rods this can be achieved in a particularly simple way by connecting all the operating rods together mechanically, for example, by means of a horizontal rod arranged at earth potential.
  • a primary object of this invention is to provide a novel high speed operating mechanism for gas blast circuit breakers.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a novel prestressing arrangement for the mechanical operating link of a high voltage circuit breaker.
  • Yet a further object of this invention is to provide an improved operating mechanism for gas blast circuit breakers which uses compressed gas for prestressing the mechanical rod extending from a grounded operating mechanism to a remotely positioned interrupter at line potential.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically show in partial crosssection first and second embodiments of operating devices intended for air blast circuit breakers which open when a conduit is put under pressure and close when the same conduit is connected to the free air.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram similar to FIGS. 1 and 2 showing a modified construction for breakers which open when a conduit is connected to the free air and close when the conduit is put under pressure.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram similar to FIGS. 1-3, showing an operating device placed at earth potential.
  • FIG. is a further schematic diagram showing how a plurality of operating rods can be mechanically connected together in the embodiments of FIGS. 1-4.
  • FIG. 1 a container I placed at high potential and permanently filled with compressed air is shown.
  • This container can for example enclose a power break, the fixed contact 1a of which is supported by a bushing insulator 1b and the movable contact 1c of which is supported by a pneumatically operated mechanism 1d, arranged in the wall of the container.
  • This mechanism 1a is intended for operating the movable contact and for opening and closing the channels for the compressed air by means of a so-called blast valve. Arrangements of this type are well known, and no detailed description is needed by one skilled in the art.
  • the operating mechanism Through a conduit 2 and an intermediate valve 3 the operating mechanism can be connected either to the compressed air container 1 or to the free air.
  • the container 1 is supported by a hollow supporting insulator 4 which besides supporting the container 1 at high potential also serves as a pneumatic connection between container 1 and the mechanism 1d and the lower part of the breaker.
  • the lower end of supporting insulator 4 is connected to a compressed air source 5a, through a conduit 5, while its upper end is connected with the container 1 through the conduit 6.
  • an operating rod 7 of insulating material is arranged, which at its upper end is provided with a piston 8 and at its lower end with a piston 9 having a smaller diameter than piston 8.
  • the pistons 8 and 9 are axially displaceable within the cylinder-like space at the upper and lower ends of the supporting insulator. Suitable seals (not shown) are arranged between the pistons and the cylinder surfaces.
  • the top of the operating rod 7 is connected to valve discs 11 and 12 of the intermediate valve 3 by means of a valve rod 10.
  • a screen 13 is arranged between the valve disc 11 and the piston 8 for preventing this piston 8 from being influenced by the compressed air which during the operation of the system flows out past the valve disc 11.
  • a cylinder space 14 below the piston 9 which is at earth potential can, by means of an operating valve 15, be connected either to a compressed air conduit 16 or to the free air through the opening 17.
  • the conduit 2 With the intermediate valve 3 in the position shown in FIG. 1 the conduit 2 is connected to the free air and the power break is closed.
  • the container 1 and the supporting insulator 4 are filled with compressed air, while the space 14 is connected to the free air through the operating valve 15 and the opening 17.
  • the operating rod 7 is biased downward by the pressure on the piston 9 and the valve disc 12 and by the force of gravity a counterforce in an upward direction is also applied by the pressure on the lower side of the piston 8. Since the sum of the effective areas of the valve disc 12 and the piston 9 is greater than the corresponding area of the piston 8, the valve disc 12 will be pressed against its valve seat with a certain net downward force.
  • the operating rod 7 will be subjected to a tensile force the magnitude of which depends on the overpressure of the enclosed air and the area of the piston 9.
  • the valve rod will on the other hand be prestressed by a compressive force, but this is no disadvantage since this rod is relatively short and besides does not need to be made of insulating material. If now the power break is to be opened, for example during a short circuit, the operating valve will receive an openingimpulse so that the space 14 below the piston 9 is connected to the conduit 16 and is thereby filled with compressed air, for example of the same pressure as in the supporting insulator 4.
  • the valve disc 12 Since the area of the piston 8 is greater than the effective area of the valve disc 12, the valve disc 12 will open the connection between the con tainer 1 and the conduit 2, while the valve disc 11 closes the connection to the free air.
  • the conduit 2 is then filled with compressed air, so that the power break opens and remains open as long as the space below the piston 9 is kept filled with compressed air.
  • the space below the piston 9 is emptied of compressed air through the valve 15 and the opening 17, so that the valve discs 11 and 12 return to the position shown in FIG. 1.
  • the compressed air in the conduit 2 and in the operating mechanism 2d then flows past the valve disc 11 and out into the free air, so that the power break is closed.
  • the positioning of the intermediate valve 3 is changed from that of FIG. 1 and the valve is connected to the operating rod 7 by means of a lever 18 pivoted on pivot 18a.
  • the stroke length of the operating rod 7 can be chosen without regard to the stroke length of the valve discs 11 and 12 and besides the effective area of the valve plate 12 does not need to be less than the area of the piston 8 as with the device according to FIG. 1.
  • the two devices shown are the same.
  • the device according to FIG. 3 is intended for breakers with such an operating mechanism that the power break is closed as long as the conduit 2 is subjected to pressure, but is opened when this conduit is connected to the free air. Due to this different method of operation of the breaker instead of the intermediate valve 3 shown in FIGS. 1 and2, another intermediate valve 19 with a valve disc 20 which is displaceable between a lower and an upper valve seat can be used. The operation of the device according to FIG. 3 is otherwise similar to that described in connection with FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 another modification of the portion of the operating device arranged at earth potential is shown.
  • the lower end of the operating rod 7 has a rod 21 permanently fixed thereto which carries the armature 22 of a magnet 23, which 'holds the operating rod in the position which corresponds to closed power break.
  • the space 14 below the piston 9 is filled with compressed air, so that the rod 21 is permanently prestressed by a vertically directed force of magnet 23 counteracting the holding force.
  • the magnet 23 can for example be of the type which comprises a permanent magnet which generates a magnetic flux through armature 22.
  • the armature 22 By providing a current impulse through a suitable release coil arranged in the magnet 23 (not shown) or by mechanically shunting the flux through the armature 22 the armature 22 can be made to separate from the magnet 23 at a desired time so that the valve arranged at high potential changes position and the power break is opened.
  • the closing can, for example, be effected by emptying the space 14 with the valve 15, whereby the rod 7 moves up and the breaking gap is closed.
  • the cylinder space 14 is filled immediately afterwards with compressed air again so that the breaker is ready to carry out a new opening.
  • FIG. 5 shows how a plurality of vertical operating rods 7 can be connected together mechanically in order to achieve simultaneous opening of several electrically power breaks connected in a predetermined arrangement.
  • the vertical rods are connected with each other by a horizontal connecting rod 24 which is connected tothe vertical operating rods by means of links 25.
  • Links 25 are supported in bearings 26 which are suitably guided to be laterally, but not vertically, movable, whereby the operating rods are not subjected to bending. If one of the magnets 23 now receives a releasing impulse, the corresponding operating rod will be forced upwards, so that the connection rod 24 is moved to the right, which means that also the other Operating rods are forced upwards.
  • Such a me chanical connection ensures that on a single impulse all the power breaks open, even if there should be a fault in one of the magnets 23, for example interruption in a magnet coil.
  • Closing of the power break and resetting of the operating rods can also be effected by means of a pneumatically actuated piston connected to the connection rod 24 (not shown).
  • the pistons 9 and the connections through the valve to the cylinder spaces 14 could be eliminated and the valve 15 used instead for operating the piston connected to the operating rod 24.
  • the operating rod 7 thus does not need for example to prestress said blast valve, not shown, of the power break indirectly through an intermediate valve, but can instead be directly mechanically connected to the blast valve.
  • An operating device for a high voltage gas blast circuit breaker said high voltage gas blast circuit breaker including a support; a conductive chamber supported from said support; a passage for control of the circuit breaker; valve means for selectively connecting said passage to the interior of the conductive chamber and to free air; an operating device connected to said valve means; said operating device including an insulation rod extending downwardly from said conductive chamber; first and second pistons connected to upper and lower portions, respectively of said rod; cylinder means receiving said first and second pistons; and high pressure gas supply means connected to said cylinder means intermediate said first and second pistons and to said conductive chamber; said insulation rod between said first and second pistons being prestressed by the pressure of said gas supply means acting against said first and second pistons; said valve means including a movable valve member exposed to the pressure within said conductive chamber, and operating means connected to the bottom of said rod for moving said rod upwardly to move said valve member 6 in a direction which causes opening of the circuit breaker.
  • said operating means includes valve means for selectively connecting the bottom of said second piston to a source of high pressure or to atmospheric pressure.
  • the device as set forth in claim 6, which includes a magnet armature connected to the bottom of said insulation rod, and a fixed magnet receiving said armature in the lowest position of travel of said insulation rod; said rod moving upwardly when said armature is released by said magnet under the force of the pressure acting on said first piston.
  • the device as set forth in claim 8, which includes a plurality of identical circuit breakers and operating devices therefor; and means for interconnecting each of the insulation rods associated with each of said operating devices for simultaneous movement.

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  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
US554476A 1965-06-01 1966-06-01 High voltage gas blast circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime US3420972A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7124/65A SE324827B (de) 1965-06-01 1965-06-01

Publications (1)

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US3420972A true US3420972A (en) 1969-01-07

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US554476A Expired - Lifetime US3420972A (en) 1965-06-01 1966-06-01 High voltage gas blast circuit breaker

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US (1) US3420972A (de)
CH (1) CH442472A (de)
DE (1) DE1230885B (de)
GB (1) GB1140444A (de)
SE (1) SE324827B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3674964A (en) * 1971-05-20 1972-07-04 Gen Electric High voltage electric circuit breaker with rapid response tripping means
US3683142A (en) * 1970-05-27 1972-08-08 Asea Ab Operating means for electric switching apparatus for high voltage
US3699289A (en) * 1970-10-02 1972-10-17 Asea Ab Operating device for electric switching apparatus for high voltage

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH501304A (de) * 1969-06-18 1970-12-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Druckgasschalter der Säulenbauart

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1179287B (de) * 1961-07-12 1964-10-08 Liebknecht Transformat Betaetigungseinrichtung fuer Hochspannungs-druckgasschalter
US3256414A (en) * 1962-03-30 1966-06-14 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Operating mechanism for electrical circuit breaker of the gas blast type
US3270174A (en) * 1964-10-07 1966-08-30 Hitachi Ltd Operating mechanisms of air-filled airbreak circuit breakers

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE538296C (de) * 1928-05-23 1931-11-12 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Hochspannungsschalter fuer elektrische Lokomotiven
DE533574C (de) * 1929-08-17 1931-09-16 Aeg Aus Einzelschaltern zusammengesetzter ein- oder mehrphasiger, durch Pressluft betaetigter Schalter, bei dem die Kontakte beim Schalten zur Unterdrueckung von Lichtboegen mit Pressluft beblasen werden

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1179287B (de) * 1961-07-12 1964-10-08 Liebknecht Transformat Betaetigungseinrichtung fuer Hochspannungs-druckgasschalter
US3256414A (en) * 1962-03-30 1966-06-14 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Operating mechanism for electrical circuit breaker of the gas blast type
US3270174A (en) * 1964-10-07 1966-08-30 Hitachi Ltd Operating mechanisms of air-filled airbreak circuit breakers

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3683142A (en) * 1970-05-27 1972-08-08 Asea Ab Operating means for electric switching apparatus for high voltage
US3699289A (en) * 1970-10-02 1972-10-17 Asea Ab Operating device for electric switching apparatus for high voltage
US3674964A (en) * 1971-05-20 1972-07-04 Gen Electric High voltage electric circuit breaker with rapid response tripping means

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE324827B (de) 1970-06-15
DE1230885B (de) 1966-12-22
CH442472A (de) 1967-08-31
GB1140444A (en) 1969-01-22

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