US3420779A - Inhibition of corrosion of metals - Google Patents

Inhibition of corrosion of metals Download PDF

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Publication number
US3420779A
US3420779A US390241A US3420779DA US3420779A US 3420779 A US3420779 A US 3420779A US 390241 A US390241 A US 390241A US 3420779D A US3420779D A US 3420779DA US 3420779 A US3420779 A US 3420779A
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Prior art keywords
group
carbon atoms
water
alkyl
corrosion
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US390241A
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Inventor
Harold Garton Emblem
Norman Albert Hurt
Ernest Malcolm Wilkinson
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Holt Products Ltd
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Holt Products Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
    • C23F11/14—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C23F11/141—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • C23F11/142—Hydroxy amines
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    • C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
    • C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
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    • C10M2215/30—Heterocyclic compounds
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/102—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon only in the ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/042—Metal salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/02—Esters of silicic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in methods of inhibiting the corrosion of metals, and is particularly concerned with the inhibition of corrosion in liquid-containing metal systems.
  • Corrosion is a particularly severe problem in systems which contain a circulating liquid comprising water, as is generally the case in cooling systems such as those used in internal combustion engines. Corrosion may also occur, however, in systems containing an essentially organic liquid, for example in hydraulic brake systems using a liquid such as a polyethylene glycol monoether as hydraulic fluid, due to the presence of water in small proportions either by design or accident e.g. by leakage into the system or by absorption from the atmosphere.
  • a disadvantage with many of the previously proposed corrosion inhibitors is that they give insufficient protection to aluminium and aluminium-containing alloys.
  • Inorganic silicates do however give some protection to such metals but suffer from the disadvantage that those which are adequately soluble in antifreeze liquids such as ethylene glycol are highly alkaline giving in solution a pH of 11 or greater. Such alkaline solutions are highly objectionable, principally because the high alkalinity reduces the efficiency of the protection afforded to the aluminium and aluminium-containing alloys.
  • a further disadvantage of inorganic silicates is that they precipitate calcium and magnesium from hard water. It is an object of the present nited States Patent 0 "ice invention to provide an improved method of inhibiting the corrosion of aluminium and aluminium alloys.
  • a method of inhibiting the corrosion of a waterand/or organic liquid-containing metal system in which there is included in the liquid contained in the system a condensation product of an aminoalkyl silicate and an oxirane compound possessing one oxirane grouping, that is the grouping the condensation product being soluble in the liquid contained in the system to give a stable solution (as hereinafter defined).
  • stable solution as used herein in relation to aqueous solutions we mean a solution which does not separate to give a precipitate or sludge.
  • stable solution as used herein in relation to solutions comprising an organic liquid as solvent we mean a solution which does not give rise to a precipitate or sludge when mixed with water.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly adapted to the inhibition of metal systems incorporating aluminium and aluminium alloys, it is nevertheless useful for the protection of systems which are made exclusively of metals other than aluminium.
  • the corrosion of cast iron is inhibited by the method of the invention.
  • the protection of aluminium and aluminium alloys is an important feature of the invention, the said condensation products having the advantage of giving rise to pHs of relatively low alkalinity and conferring a high degree of protection on the metal.
  • the condensation products also have the advantage of not precipitating in hard water.
  • the said condensation products afiord a measure of protection of aluminium and aluminium containing alloys.
  • condensation product for use in the method according to the invention is that obtainable by the condensation of tetra-(monoethanolamine) orthosilicate [Si(OC H NH with 2 mols. of butylene oxide per NH grouping.
  • This compound is water stable (that is stable to hydrolysis by water) and it is believed that in general it may possibly be advantageous to use waterstable condensation products in the method of the invention.
  • the water stability of the tetra-(monoethanolamine) orthosilicate/butylene oxide product results from a steric effect, the hydroxyalkyl groups of the condensation product serving by means of steric hindrance to exclude water from the inner hydrolysable part of the molecule.
  • aminoalkyl silicates for use in the preparation of the condensation products are described in United States patent specification No. 3,110,601.
  • the aminoalkyl silicates can be orthosilicates of the general formula Si(OR (OR where R is an alkyl group carrying an amino group having one or two hydrogen atoms attached to the nitrogen atom, R is an unsubstituted alkyl group and x has the value 1, 2, 3 or 4; they can be polysilicates of the empirical or unit formula (R O) (R O) SiO where R, and R have the above meanings and y has a value greater than zero and up to 2; or they can be a mixture of orthosilicates and polysilicates.
  • the aminoalkyl groups R of the silicate are suitably those derived from an aminoalcohol of the formula R .N.HR where R represents a hydroxyalkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and R represents hydrogen, or an alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms; the number of hydroxyl groups of the alcohol not exceeding two.
  • Preferred aminoalkyl groups are those derived from an alcohol of the above formula in which R, contains 2 to 4 carbon atoms and one hydroxyl group and R represents an alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or, most preferably, hydrogen; where R represents a hydroxyalkylgroup, it preferably contains only two or three carbon atoms.
  • aminoalkyl silicate which may conveniently be used is tetra (mon-oethanolarnine) orthosilicate.
  • silicates which may be used include the following tetra (aminoalkyl) orthosilicates:
  • Tetra-(Z-amino-but-l-yi) orthosilicate [Si(OCI'I2.CH.NH2.CH2.CH3)4] and tetra- (monoisopropanolamine orthosilicate [Si(O.C I-l .NH
  • Particularly suitable polysilicates include tetra (monoethanolamine) and tetra (isopropanolamine) polysilicates.
  • the aminoalkyl silicate should be reacted with a suitable oxirane to give a condensation product soluble in the liquid to which it is to be added to yield a stable solution (as hereinbefore defined).
  • Oxiranes which are conveniently used include compounds of the formula wherein R and R which may be the same or different each represent hydrogen or a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group with l to 6 carbon atoms; a phenyl group; an alkylphenyl group of which the alkyl radical contains 1 to 6 carbon atoms; or a benzyl group; which groups may be substituted provided that any such substituent is not reactive with an amino group of the amino alkyl silicate.
  • R and R preferably represent hydrogen,
  • alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl or hexyl groups; alkenyl groups such as vinyl, allyl, propl-enyl or but-l-enyl groups; phenyl groups or alkyl-phenyl groups such as toluyl, ethyl phenyl, n-propylphenyl or n-butyl phenyl groups; or benzyl groups.
  • Examples of convenient oxirane compounds include 1,2-butylene oxide, 2,3-butylene oxide, glycidol, styrene oxide, allyl glycidyl ether and 1,2-epoxy-3-phenoxy-propane.
  • Preferred oxiranes include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or, most preferably, a butylene oxide.
  • condensation products used in the method according to the invention are preferably prepared by condensing an aminoalkyl silicate having primary or secondary amino groups with an oxirane.
  • the reaction conditions for this condensation, and also processes for the preparation of the aminoalkyl silicates used as starting materials therefor, are described in United States patent specification No. 3,110,601.
  • the silicate-oxirane condensate obtained may undergo a self-condensation reaction as described in United States patent specification No. 3,110,601.
  • the use of the self-condensation products thereby obtained is intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
  • condensation product will preferably be added to the exchange fluid in a proportion in the range of from 0.01 to 1%, advantageously from 0.02 to 0.50%, particularly about 0.06%, by weight.
  • a proportion of condensation product greater than 1% by weight may if desired be used but will in general be uneconomical.
  • Aromatic acids such a phthalic, l-naphthoic, 2- naphthoic or, most preferably, benZ-oic acid.
  • Sodium benzoate is a preferred additive of this type.
  • Alkyl-substituted aromatic acids particularly such acids with the alkyl group in a position para to the carboxylic acid group.
  • a suitable acid of this type is 4-methyl benzoic acid.
  • Alkoxy substituted aromatic acids particularly such acids with the alkoxy group in a position para to the carboxylic acid group.
  • a suitable acid of this type is anisic acid.
  • the trans compound is preferably employed.
  • a suitable acid of this type is trans 4-rnethyl cyclohexane carboxylic acid.
  • Acids in which an aromatic group is separated from a carboxylic acid group by an aliphatic grouping such as one or more methylene groups or a group of the type CH CH--.
  • acids of this type are phenylacetic and cinnamic acid.
  • Acids of the formula ArOCH .COOH wherein Ar represents an aromatic radical which may, for example, be a phenyl, l-naphthyl or Z-naphthyl group. When a phenyl group is present, this may contain alkyl or alkoxy groups in the 4-position to the O.CH .COOH groups. Particularly suitable compounds are 4-octyl and 4-nonylphenoxyacetic acids. The octyl group may be, for example, that derived from propylene trimer. Other acids of this type which may be used include Z-naphthoxy-acetic acid and 4-methylphenoxy-acetic acid.
  • additives are preferably in the form of the sodium salts.
  • Soluble nitrites preferably alkali metal nitrites such as, for example, sodium nitrite.
  • a copper de-activator such as, for example, sodium mercaptobenzothiazole or, most preferably, benzotriazole.
  • An alkali metal borate e.g. sodium borate.
  • the sodium borate may be employed in any suitable form, and may for example be introduced as octahedral borax [Na B O 5H O] or as monoclinic borax (5)
  • a phosphate such as, for example, triethanolamine phosphate.
  • an anti-freeze composition suitable for addition to exchange liquids comprising water in a heat exchange system which comprises a stable solution (as hereinbefore defined) of a water-soluble condensation product of an aminoalkyl silicate and an oxirane compound posessing one oxirane grouping in a water-miscible organic liquid.
  • Preferred water-miscible organic liquids for use as freezing point-depressants are hydroxylic organic solvents, particularly glycols such as, for example, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol and, most preferably, monoethylene glycol.
  • Other organic liquids which may conveniently be used include aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol and glycerol.
  • the silicate/oxirane condensation product will preferably be present in the water-miscible organic liquid in a proportion in the range of from 0.05 to 2% by weight.
  • the anti-freeze composition may also in addition contain one or more further corrosion inhibitors for example the corrosion inhibitors mentioned above in the paragraphs numbered 1 to 5.
  • the preferred proportions of such additives present in the compositions according to the invention are as follows:
  • the anti-freeze composition according to the invention may also if desired contain a colouring agent and/or a pH indicator whereby a check may be kept upon the alkalinity of the exchange fluid to which the anti-freeze composition is added.
  • the method according to the present invention may be utilized in ways other than by the addition of anti-freeze compositions to exchange liquids in heat exchange systems.
  • heat exchange systems which utilise water as exchange liquid and which are not liable to be subjected to temperature below 0 C.
  • corrosion inhibitors it may still be desirable to include corrosion inhibitors. It is often useful therefore to add corrosion inhibitors alone to the exchange fluid without also incorporating a Watermiscible organic liquid, such additions for example, being frequently made during the summer months purely to inhibit corrosion of the system.
  • leak sealing compositions are known for addition to exchange liquids in metal systems; such compositions in general comprise a fine suspension of insoluble material in water, the insoluble material serving to seal any leak which may occur in the system. Such compositions may remain in the system for some time and it is thus often desirable to include therein corrosion inhibitors.
  • a composition suitable for incorporation into aqueous liquids in a metal system which comprises an aqueous solution containing 1) a watersoluble condensation product of an aminoalkyl silicate and the oxirane compound possessing one oxirane grouping and (2) at least one other compound having corrosion-inhibiting properties.
  • the quantity of condensation product in the composition will in general preferably be in the range of from 0.05 to 15%, particularly 0.5 to 1.5%, and especially about 1.0%, by weight.
  • the other corrosion-inhibiting compound may, for example, be any of the compounds listed above in the paragraphs (1) to (5).
  • a particularly convenient borate for this purpose in sodium metaborate which is soluble in water to an extent suificient to enable a concentrate to be prepared.
  • One suitable composition consists of water containing about 1.0% by weight of condensation product, about 20% by weight of sodium benzoate and about 2% by weight of sodium nitrite.
  • the compositions may for example be added to exchange liquid in a metal system, e.g., in a proportion of 1 part of composition to about 10 parts of exchange liquid.
  • These compositions according to the invention may also if desired contain a fine suspension of insoluble material (i.e., be leak sealing compositions).
  • a further application of the method according to the invention is in the field of cleaning compositions for metal systems.
  • cleaning compositions which comprise a highly alkaline salt e.g., trisodium phosphate or sodium carbonate in water; when circulated hot such compositions loosen oil-bound rust and products of corrosion.
  • corrosion inhibitors are usefully included in such compositions, particularly inhibitors effective against aluminium corrosion.
  • a cleaning composition for metal systems which comprises an aqueous solution containing (1) a water-soluble condensation product of an aminoalkyl silicate and an oxirane compound possessing one oxirane grouping, and (2) a highly alkaline salt, e.g., trisodium phosphate or sodium carbonate.
  • a highly alkaline salt e.g., trisodium phosphate or sodium carbonate.
  • the method according to the invention is also applicable to the inhibition of corrosion in organic liquidcontaining metal systems which either by design or accident may contain a small proportion of Water.
  • Hydraulic systems such as hydraulic brake systems provide examples of such systems. Hydraulic brake systems may thus contain a small proportion, e.g., up to 2% by Weight of water, and when water is not specifically added the hydraulic fluid nevertheless frequently becomes contaminated with Water in use. It is, therefore, desirable to protect such metal systems against possible corrosion, and the present invention further provides a hydraulic fluid composition comprising a stable solution (as hereinbefore defined) of a condensation product of an aminoalkyl silicate and an oxirane compound possessing an oxirane group, in an organic hydraulic liquid.
  • Suitable organic liquids for use in hydraulic, e.g., hydraulic brake, systems include water miscible organic liquids such as, for example, monoethylene-, polyethylene-, monopropyleneand polypropylene- .glycols and glycol monoethers of various chain lengths.
  • Examples of especially suitable organic liquids are monoethylene glycol and monomethyl, monoethyl and monobutyl ethers thereof, monopropylene glycol and monomethyl, monoethyl and monobutyl ethers thereof, dipropylene glycol and monomethyl, monoethyl and monobutyl ethers thereof, triethylene glycol and monomethyl, monoethyl and monobutyl ethers thereof and triprop-ylene glycol and monomethyl, monoethyl and monobutyl ethers thereof.
  • One particularly useful hydraulic brake fluid comprises diethylene glycol monomethyl ether and diethylene glycol, preferably with a small proportion of a lubricant.
  • One particularly convenient hydraulic brake fluid comprises 70-80% of diethylene glycol monomethyl ether along with 10-30% of a lubricant such as castor oil (either blown or unblown) or a polyglycol co-polymer.
  • a lubricant such as castor oil (either blown or unblown) or a polyglycol co-polymer.
  • the proportion of condensation product is preferably in the range of from 0.01 to 2% by weight based upon the weight of organic liquid; higher proportions may if desired be used but are in general uneconomical.
  • the hydraulic fluid may contain further corrosion-inhibiting compounds as described above, provided such further compounds are soluble therein.
  • Alkali metal nitrites are insoluble in organic hydraulic fluids such as diethylene glycol monomethyl ether and may therefore not be used for this purpose.
  • Other suitable additives for this purpose include bisphenol A, alkyl-substituted imidazoles and hydroquinone. The latter are anti-oxidants which inhibit the breakdown of hydraulic
  • EXAMPLE 1 An anti-freeze composition is prepared having the following composition (wherein all parts are by weight):
  • the tetra-(monoethanolamine) orthosilicate/butylene oxide condensate was prepared as described in Example 21 of United States patent specification No. 3,110,601. Thus, 67 g. of tetra-(monoethanolamine) orthosilicate (0.25 mol) and 144 g. of butylene oxide isomers (2 mols) were condensed *by heating them under reflux for 2 hours. (The butylene oxide consisted of a mixture of the normal isomers 1,2-butylene oxide and 2,3-butylene oxide present in the ratio 4:1.) Refluxing then ceased and heating was continued for a further hour. There was no loss of butylene oxide during the heating. The product was a yellow oil miscible with water. The amount of oxide employed corresponded to 2 mols per NH group of the silicate.
  • a summer inhibitor composition is prepared having the following composition (wherein all parts are by weight):
  • a hydraulic brake fluid is prepared having the following composition (wherein all parts are by weight):
  • Example 1 Similar compositions to those described in Example 1 may be prepared substituting the condensation product employed therein by the condensation products of Examples 1B, 1C, 4, 10, 14, 19 and 21 of United States patent specification No. 3,110,601.
  • Example 3 Similar compositions to that described in Example 3 may be prepared substituting the condensation product employed therein by the condensation products of Examples 1B, 1C, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, 11, 14, 19, 21 and 24 of United States patent specification No. 3,110,601.
  • composition is added to the cooling system in the ratio of 500 millilitres per 5 litres of coolant.
  • a method of inhibiting the corrosion of a metal system containing water and a water-miscible organic solvent selected from the group consisting of a lower alkylene glycol, a poly lower alkylene glycol, a lower alkanol, a lower polyol, a lower alkylene glycol mono lower alkyl ether and a poly lower alkylene glycol mono lower alkyl other which comprises adding to said solvent from 0.01 to 1% by weight of a condensation product of an aminoalkyl silicate selected from the group consisting of a silicate of the formula wherein R is an alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms carrying an amino group having at least one hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen atom, R is an unsubstituted alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and x is an integer of from 1 to 4 and a silicate of the formula (R O) (R O) SiO, wherein R is an alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms carrying an amino group having at least one hydrogen
  • condensation product is the product of the condensation of tetra-(monoethanolamine) orthosilicate with butylene oxide.
  • condensation product is obtained by condensing tetra-(monoethanolamine) orthosilicate with 2 moles of butylene oxide per NH grouping of said orthosilicate.
  • An antifreeze composition suitable for addition to water employed as a heat exchange liquid which consists essentially of from 0.5 to 2% by weight of a water soluble condensation product of an aminoalkyl silicate selected from the group consisting of a silicate of the formula Si(OR (-OR wherein R is an alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms carrying an amino group having at least one hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen atom, R is an unsubstituted alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and x is an integer of from 1 to 4 and a silicate of the formula (R O) (R O) SiO, wherein R is an alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms carrying an amino group having at least one hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen atom, R is an unsubstituted alkyl of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and y has a value greater than zero and up to 2 and an oxirane compound of the formula R-CH' CHR1 wherein R and R are each selected from the group
  • condensation product is a product of the condensation of tetra-(monoethanolamine) orthosilicate with said oxirane compound.
  • condensation product is the product of the condensation of an aminoalkyl silicate wherein the aminoalkyl group thereof possesses the formula wherein R is an alkylene of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and monohydroxy alkyl of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms with said oxirane compound.
  • condensation product is the condensation product of tetra-(monoethanolamine)orthosilicate and butylene oxide and said oxide is reacted in an amount of 2 moles for each NH group of said orthosilicate.
  • An antifreeze composition according to claim 4 which contains at least one corrosion inhibitor selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal salt of benzoic acid, an alkali metal salt of phthalic acid, an alkali metal salt of naphthoic acid, an alkali metal salt of hexahydrophenylacetic acid, an alkali metal salt of 2-cyclohexyl-propionic acid, an alkali metal salt of cyclohexyl ether of glycollic acid, an alkali metal salt of decahydro- Z-naphthoxy-acetic acid, an alkali metal nitrite, sodium mercaptobenzothiazole, benzotriazole, an alkali metal borate and triethanolamiue phosphate.
  • at least one corrosion inhibitor selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal salt of benzoic acid, an alkali metal salt of phthalic acid, an alkali metal salt of naphthoic acid, an alkali metal salt of hexa
  • a composition suitable for incorporation into aqueous liquids in a metal system consisting essentially of an aqueous solution containing (1) from 0.05 to 15% by weight of a water-soluble condensation product of an aminoalkyl silicate selected from the group consisting of a silicate of the formula wherein R is an alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms carrying an amino group having at least one hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen atom, R is an unsubstituted alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and x is an integer of from 1 to 4 and a silicate of the formula (R O) (R O) SiO, wherein R is an alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms carrying an amino group having at least one hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen atom, R is an unsubstituted alkyl of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and y has a value greater than zero and up to 2 and an oxirane compound of the formula wherein R and R are each selected from the group consisting of
  • a hydraulic fluid composition consisting essentially of from 0.01 to 2% by weight of a condensation product of an aminoalkyl silicate selected from the group consisting of a silicate of the formula Si(OR ),,(OR wherein R is an alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms carrying an amino group having at least one hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen atom, R is an unsubstituted alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and x is an integer of from 1 to 4 and a silicate of the formula (R O) (R O) SiO, wherein R is an alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms carrying an amino group having at least one hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen atom, R is an unsubstituted alkyl of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and y has a value greater than zero and up to 2 and an oxirane compound of the formula wherein R and R are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkenyl
  • a cleaning composition for metal systems carrying liquids consisting essentially of an aqueous solution of (1) about 2.5% by weight of a watersoluble condensation product of an aminoalkyl silicate selected from the group consisting of a silicate of the formula Si(OR (OR wherein R is an alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms carrying an amino group having at least one hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen atom, R is an unsubstituted alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and x is an integer of from 1 to 4 and a silicate of the formula (R O) (R O) Si0, wherein R is an alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms carrying an amino group having at least one hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen atom, R is an unsubstituted alkyl of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and y has a value greater than zero and up to 2 and an oxirane compound of the formula wherein R and R are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of from

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3637507A (en) * 1968-02-12 1972-01-25 Stauffer Chemical Co Aircraft hydraulic fluid and method of controlling acid buildup therein with acid acceptor
US9778242B2 (en) 2013-08-30 2017-10-03 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Metal working fluid composition and method of detecting fluid deterioration

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US4392994A (en) * 1980-10-29 1983-07-12 The Sherwin-Williams Company Corrosion inhibitor for cellulosic insulation

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US3223646A (en) * 1961-08-25 1965-12-14 Diamond Alkali Co Dry free-flowing detergent composition and method of preparation

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US3110601A (en) * 1959-11-27 1963-11-12 Philadelphia Quartz Co Organic silicate materials
US3223646A (en) * 1961-08-25 1965-12-14 Diamond Alkali Co Dry free-flowing detergent composition and method of preparation

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3637507A (en) * 1968-02-12 1972-01-25 Stauffer Chemical Co Aircraft hydraulic fluid and method of controlling acid buildup therein with acid acceptor
US9778242B2 (en) 2013-08-30 2017-10-03 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Metal working fluid composition and method of detecting fluid deterioration

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GB1007927A (en) 1965-10-22
BE652077A (xx) 1964-12-16
NL6409739A (xx) 1965-02-22

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