US3414723A - Apparatus for electrostatic line printing - Google Patents

Apparatus for electrostatic line printing Download PDF

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Publication number
US3414723A
US3414723A US352261A US35226164A US3414723A US 3414723 A US3414723 A US 3414723A US 352261 A US352261 A US 352261A US 35226164 A US35226164 A US 35226164A US 3414723 A US3414723 A US 3414723A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
medium
rolls
roll
images
image
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US352261A
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English (en)
Inventor
Richard J Pleitt
Earl B Relph
Krater Lawrence
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AB Dick Co
Original Assignee
AB Dick Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AB Dick Co filed Critical AB Dick Co
Priority to US352261A priority Critical patent/US3414723A/en
Priority to GB8638/65A priority patent/GB1092913A/en
Priority to FR8376A priority patent/FR1428327A/fr
Priority to DE1965A0048657 priority patent/DE1497113A1/de
Priority to BE661204D priority patent/BE661204A/xx
Priority to NL6503337A priority patent/NL6503337A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3414723A publication Critical patent/US3414723A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/22—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern involving the combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20
    • G03G15/32—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern involving the combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20 in which the charge pattern is formed dotwise, e.g. by a thermal head
    • G03G15/321—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern involving the combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20 in which the charge pattern is formed dotwise, e.g. by a thermal head by charge transfer onto the recording material in accordance with the image

Definitions

  • An apparatus for forming latent electrostatic images on a dielectric sheet comprising a pair of opposed conductive rolls and image defining areas formed on the surface of one of the rolls and extending outwardly from the surface.
  • a power supply is provided, and the rolls are included within the electrical circuit, and the dielectric sheet passing between the rolls will complete the circuit so that electrostatic charges are formed on the sheet in conformance with the images defined by one of the rolls.
  • the dielectric sheet can then be passed to a developing station for treatment in accordance with conventional procedures.
  • This invention relates to an apparatus which is adapted for use in combination with electrostatic printers.
  • the invention comprises an apparatus adapted to form latent electrostatic images which can be developed for providing a printed record of the images.
  • latent images are formed through the use of a signal which is transferred to a cathode ray tube having an array of conductive wires in its face.
  • the signal is imposed on the wires and the wires transmit an electrostatic charge through the tube for disposition onto copy paper which is advanced past the tube.
  • the latent electrostatic image can then be developed through the use of materials attracted thereto. Dry or liquid developing systems are available for producing the visible image on the copy sheet.
  • the latent electrostatic images are all formed in essentially the same manner.
  • the images comprise copies of the material contained on an original or they correspond to material transmitted by radio signal or the like. It has been found that in the production of copy of a certain type, there are many occasions where the same subject matter is to be included on the copy in a repetitive fashion. Thus, in large scale operation, there may be extremely large numbersof separate pieces of material produced while every piece contains some portions which are identical to portions of all other pieces. In other instances, it may be necessary to repeat a particular sequence over and over throughout the production of large volumes of material.
  • FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view of an apparatus characterized by the features of this invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a plan view of the structure shown in FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is an enlarged elevational view illustrating the roll structure of this invention.
  • FIGURE 4 is a cross-sectional view taken about the line 44 of FIGURE 3.
  • FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary side elevation illustrating the roll drive and power imparting elements of the apparatus.
  • the apparatus of this invention generally comprises a roll structure which is adapted to transport a dielectric medium.
  • Means are associated with the roll structure whereby an electric current can be applied with the dielectric medium included within the electrical circuit.
  • Image defining means are brought into engagement with the dielectric medium while the medium is maintained in the circuit so that latent images are formed on the dielectric. Thereafter, the latent images can be developed by conventional techniques.
  • the roll structure comprises upper and lower rolls which are formed of conductive material.
  • the electrical circuit is provided by connecting one roll to a positive and one roll to a negative side of a power supply.
  • the image defining means are formed integrally with one of the rolls whereby contact of these image defining means with the dielectric medium will result in the medium being interposed in the electrical circuit while the medium passes between the rolls.
  • FIG'URES 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings illustrate an apparatus 10 characterized by the features of this invention.
  • the apparatus includes a base 12, and mounted on this base, there is provided a roll support structure 14.
  • the support structure includes upwardly extending side 16 which define arms 18 forming a cradle for receiving the blocks 20.
  • each block 20 On each side of the structure 14, there are provided upper and lower blocks 20, these blocks providing retaining means for upper roll 22 and lower roll 24.
  • Each of the rolls is mounted in a bearing 26 and each roll includes an extending shaft portion 28.
  • the blocks 20 are formed of Bakelite or some other insulating material so that the rolls are insulated from each other at their respective ends.
  • the upper roll 22 defines image forming areas 30 which can be engraved in the roll surface. As best shown in FIGURE 4, the image areas are raised with respect to the surface of the roll 22 and clearance is provided between these raised figures and the surface of the lower roll 24. This clearance is sufficient to permit passage of the dielectric medium 32 between the rolls.
  • the upper roll 22 is provided with a plurality of spaced apart annular rings 34. These rings are dimensioned so that substantially the same clearance is provided between these rings and the roll 24 as is provided between the images 30 and this lower roll.
  • the rings 34 function to hold the printing medium fiat against the lower roll. Accordingly, the printing medium will have good electrical contact with respect to the lower roll whereby image forming members 30 can be located in any position across the roll '22.
  • the rings 34 can be formed integrally with the roll 22 in which case a plurality of straight lines will be formed on the printing medium in the developing stage. In many cases, such lines are unobjectionable, and they can be very useful where the medium comprises a test paper, testing the efiiciency of a developing liquid or the like. The provision of the straight lines will provide a good indication of continuity in the printing operation.
  • the rings 34 could be formed of a dielectric material whereby they would not conduct and would, therefore, not form a latent image on the printing medium.
  • the use of resilient bands would comprise one method for providing rings having insulating characteristics.
  • each of the rolls 22 and 24 includes a shaft extension 28, and these extensions provide a convenient means for including the printing medium in the electrical circuit.
  • electrical contact can be provided by placing resilient strips 36 in a position whereby they will bear against the shaft extensions 28. It will be appreciated that with the arrangement shown, electrical contact will be maintained during rotation of the shafts since the resilient character of the strips 36 will cause these strips to continuously press into engagement with the shaft extensions.
  • the upper strip 36 is secured to an insulating block 38 by means of screws 40.
  • a lead wire 42 is held in engagement with the upper strip 36 by means of a screw 40, and in the embodiment shown, the wire 42 comprises a DC negative connection.
  • the lower strip 36 is attached to insulating block 44 by means of screws 46 and lead wire 48 is maintained in contact with the strip 36 in a manner similar to that described above. Since the wire 48 is a DC positive connection, the desired electrical circuit will be formed when the dielectric medium is interposed between the rolls 22 and 24.
  • At least the upper roll 22 must move in conjunction with the dielectric medium so that the image areas thereon will follow the progress of the medium. It is also preferred to provide a movable lower roll to complete the electrical circuit although a stationary grounding plane could be utilized.
  • the upper and lower rolls both move in conjunction with the movement of the dielectric medium therebetween. Synchronized movement of the respective parts can be provided -by utilizing a drive means for the rolls 22 and 24.
  • a drive shaft 50 is provided with a first gear 52 which drives gear 54.
  • the gear 54 is tied to the shaft of the lower roll whereby the gear 56 mounted on this shaft will rotate with the shaft.
  • An upper gear 58 meshing with the gear 56 is tied to the shaft of the upper roll whereby synchronous movement of the upper and lower rolls is provided.
  • the gears are preferably formed of nylon or of a similar material to provide good wear characteristics, and also because such gears provide the necessary insulating characteristics.
  • the dielectric material is fed along a path defined by the sheet member 62 whereby the medium is directed between the rolls 22 and 24.
  • a second sheet member 60 acts as a means for supporting the dielectric medium. subsequent to the formation of latent images thereon.
  • the dielectric medium can be passed to a developing construction of various known types.
  • a witch control structure 64 is provided on one side of the apparatus to provide on-off control of the paper passing through the rollers.
  • a separate switch, connected to the power source (not shown) is used to bring the rolls into the circuit for depositing the latent electrostatic image. It will be appreciated that the image forming ability of the construction could be eliminated at any time during passage of the dielectric medium therethrough. With this arrangement, the described apparatus can be employed to form images on only certain sections of a printing paper passing through the construction or the apparatus could be eliminated during an entire run.
  • the dielectric medium could be subjected to other electrostatic printing operations prior to passage thereof to the apparatus described.
  • the repetitive images formed in accordance with this invention may be employed in combination with other images formed by other techniques.
  • the apparatus of this invention could be employed alone where it was desired to provide copy repeating the same information.
  • the structure of this invention is also advantageously employed in procedures involving the testing of dielectric media, developing liquids or solids, or in other testing op erations.
  • the formation of straight lines on the paper provides a good indication of consistency.
  • the repetitive characteristics of the described apparatus provide a highly suitable means for comparing different systems.
  • the arrangement illustrated in the drawings provides a DC source of power; however, other power sources are also suitable for the practice of this invention. Battery power is contemplated as well; however, unique results are secured in the use of time-varying pulsers. Where a pulser is employed, the wave shape, amplitude and frequency are inter-related to give the desired copy quality. Such factors will depend on the speed of the medium and rolls whereby the engraved image areas will contact the medium for a sufficient period of time to form the latent image on the medium.
  • the system may be positive or negative going in reference to ground potential.
  • a system which was maintained at 800 volts from ground and having a frequency of 1000 cycles per second was utilized.
  • the on time of the system was 25 microseconds and the off time was 975 microseconds.
  • the rolls themselves may be utilized as positive drive means for the medium or the drive means for the rolls may be synchronized with primary drive means so that a proper speed relationship can be maintained.
  • the intensity of a particular image can be varied by varying the speed of the medium and the rolls.
  • the system of this invention has characteristics which cannot be achieved if the engraved material were engaged with the dielectric medium in a static system.
  • the instant invention provides a highly suitable means for controlling the time-constant in the application of the latent images whereby consistencies will be achieved.
  • the combination of the engraved roll and a time-varying pulse of the type described is particularly advantageous in this respect.
  • the described assembly can also be employed for the application of an over-all pattern of electrostatic charge to the entire surface of the medium whereby the latent electrostatic image can be separately formed by exposure of the charged medium to the original or negative. In response to such exposure the charge will be removed from the surface of the medium in the exposed areas to leave a latent electrostatic image which can be developed in the manner previously described to bring out the image.
  • An apparatus for forming latent electrostatic images on a dielectric medium comprising a roll supporting structure, a pair of conductive rolls rotatably mounted in said structure, a power supply characterized by a time-varying pulse, one of said rolls being connected to the negative side of said power supply and the other of said rolls being connected to the positive side of said power supply, means for transporting said medium through said apparatus and between said rolls whereby the medium is interposed in an electrical circuit as it passes between the rolls, and means defining images corresponding to the latent images to be formed, said image defining means comprising conductive portions integrally formed on the exterior surface of one of said conductive rolls and extending outwardly from said surface whereby the image defining means are included in said circuit, and wherein the spacing between said image defining means and the exterior surface of the other of said rolls is sufficient to permit passage of said medium therebetween with said image defining means and the surface of said other roll engaging said medium whereby the medium is interposed in said circuit during such passage so that electrostatic images are formed on the medium conforming to said image
  • one of said rolls defines spaced-apart circumferential conductive rings formed integrally along its length, said rings having an outer diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the associated roll, the other of said rolls comprising a smooth roll, the surface of which is spaced from said rings by an amount sufiicient to permit passage of said medium therethrough, and wherein said images are defined by the roll carrying the rings and are raised from the surface of this roll by an amount approximately equal to the height of said rings whereby latent electrostatic images in the form of lines extending longitudinally of said medium are formed simultaneously with the latent electrostatic images conforming to said image defining means.
  • An apparatus in accordance with claim 1 including resilient contact members connected in said electrical circuit, extensions formed in the shafts of said rolls, said contact members resiliently engaging said extensions.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electrophotography Using Other Than Carlson'S Method (AREA)
  • Wet Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
US352261A 1964-03-16 1964-03-16 Apparatus for electrostatic line printing Expired - Lifetime US3414723A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US352261A US3414723A (en) 1964-03-16 1964-03-16 Apparatus for electrostatic line printing
GB8638/65A GB1092913A (en) 1964-03-16 1965-03-01 Apparatus for electrostatic printing
FR8376A FR1428327A (fr) 1964-03-16 1965-03-09 Appareil pour l'impression électrostatique
DE1965A0048657 DE1497113A1 (de) 1964-03-16 1965-03-16 Elektrostatischer Drucker
BE661204D BE661204A (xx) 1964-03-16 1965-03-16
NL6503337A NL6503337A (xx) 1964-03-16 1965-03-16

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US352261A US3414723A (en) 1964-03-16 1964-03-16 Apparatus for electrostatic line printing

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3414723A true US3414723A (en) 1968-12-03

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ID=23384421

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US352261A Expired - Lifetime US3414723A (en) 1964-03-16 1964-03-16 Apparatus for electrostatic line printing

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3414723A (xx)
BE (1) BE661204A (xx)
DE (1) DE1497113A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR1428327A (xx)
GB (1) GB1092913A (xx)
NL (1) NL6503337A (xx)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3765026A (en) * 1970-11-03 1973-10-09 Xerox Corp Electrographic recording system
US3812780A (en) * 1973-01-02 1974-05-28 Honeywell Inf Systems Electrographic forms print station
US4028711A (en) * 1974-04-18 1977-06-07 U.S. Philips Corporation Method of and device for electrostatic printing
US4276829A (en) * 1978-01-31 1981-07-07 Wu Chen Mechano-electrostatic charge-imaging method and apparatus
US4538162A (en) * 1983-01-21 1985-08-27 Detweiler Steven C Method and apparatus for line-at-a-time printing

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2074754A (en) * 1932-11-19 1937-03-23 Harold F Murphy Recording device for telephones
US2391912A (en) * 1941-02-08 1946-01-01 Western Union Telegraph Co Electrical recording
US2836147A (en) * 1954-10-27 1958-05-27 Gen Electric Recording and portraying apparatus
US2850348A (en) * 1956-08-15 1958-09-02 Ibm Spiral pattern magnetic drum printing
US2912586A (en) * 1957-11-01 1959-11-10 Haloid Xerox Inc Xerographic charging
US2919967A (en) * 1957-06-06 1960-01-05 Haloid Xerox Inc High-speed electrostatic alphanumerical printer
US3023731A (en) * 1957-06-06 1962-03-06 Haloid Co Electrostatic alphanumerical printer with image transfer mechanism
US3208076A (en) * 1960-05-05 1965-09-21 Xerox Corp Electrostatic printer

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2074754A (en) * 1932-11-19 1937-03-23 Harold F Murphy Recording device for telephones
US2391912A (en) * 1941-02-08 1946-01-01 Western Union Telegraph Co Electrical recording
US2836147A (en) * 1954-10-27 1958-05-27 Gen Electric Recording and portraying apparatus
US2850348A (en) * 1956-08-15 1958-09-02 Ibm Spiral pattern magnetic drum printing
US2919967A (en) * 1957-06-06 1960-01-05 Haloid Xerox Inc High-speed electrostatic alphanumerical printer
US3023731A (en) * 1957-06-06 1962-03-06 Haloid Co Electrostatic alphanumerical printer with image transfer mechanism
US2912586A (en) * 1957-11-01 1959-11-10 Haloid Xerox Inc Xerographic charging
US3208076A (en) * 1960-05-05 1965-09-21 Xerox Corp Electrostatic printer

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3765026A (en) * 1970-11-03 1973-10-09 Xerox Corp Electrographic recording system
US3812780A (en) * 1973-01-02 1974-05-28 Honeywell Inf Systems Electrographic forms print station
US4028711A (en) * 1974-04-18 1977-06-07 U.S. Philips Corporation Method of and device for electrostatic printing
US4276829A (en) * 1978-01-31 1981-07-07 Wu Chen Mechano-electrostatic charge-imaging method and apparatus
US4538162A (en) * 1983-01-21 1985-08-27 Detweiler Steven C Method and apparatus for line-at-a-time printing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1428327A (fr) 1966-02-11
NL6503337A (xx) 1965-09-17
BE661204A (xx) 1965-07-16
DE1497113A1 (de) 1969-07-10
GB1092913A (en) 1967-11-29

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