US3412478A

US3412478A - Grain drier

Info

Publication number: US3412478A
Application number: US528510A
Authority: US
Inventors: Satake Toshihiko
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: JM Huber Corp
Priority date: 1965-04-28
Filing date: 1966-02-18
Publication date: 1968-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 1985-11-26

Description

Nov. 26, 1968 TOSHlHlKO SATAKE 3,412,478

GRAIN DRIER Filed Feb. 18, 1966 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 10 sw/rme 11 TIMERS INVENTOR. TOSHIHIKO 59TH KE Y W 0! l M/w 1968 TOSHIHIKO SATAKE 3,

GRAIN DRIER Filed Feb. 18. 1966 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 TOSHIHIKO l l l fil f MwmiW 25, 1963 TOSHIHIKO SATAKE 3,412,473

GRAIN DRIER 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. 18, 1966 Wm M NOV. 26, 1968 TQSHIHIKQ T KE 3,412,478

GRAIN DRIER 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 18, 1966 INVENTOR. TO SHIHIKO SHTAKE BY/VMZMMW Nov. 26, 1968 TOSHIHIKO SATAKE GRAIN DRIER s Sheets-Shet 5 Filed Feb. 18, 1966 INVENTOR. Tosmu/xo SRTAKE "WWMM United States Patent 3,412,478 GRAIN DRIER Toshihiko Satake, 2-38 Nishihon-machi, Saijyo-cho, Kamo-gun, Hiroshima-Prefecture, Japan Filed Feb. 18, 1966, Ser. No. 528,510 Claims priority, application Japan, Apr. 28, 1965, 40/25,290, 40/25,291, 40/25,292 9 Claims. (Cl. 34-172) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A grain drier is comprised of a vertically arranged chamber for passing the grain downwardly in contact with an upwardly flowing drying medium such as hot air. At its upper end the drying chamber receives grain from a hopper which is pivotally mounted on the drying chamber. A number of shutters are disposed within the drying chamber and are rotatably movable between opened and closed positions. Each of the shutters is mounted on a rotatable shaft extending transversely of the drying chamber and the shafts are arranged in pairs. As the hopper is filled to a predetermined level due to its pivotal mounting it closes switch means which activates driving means for disposing the shutters from the closed to the opened positions. Similarly, the hopper is arranged to close a second switch means when it is empty to activate other means for moving the shutters from the opened into the closed positions. Interconnected level means are provided on each pair of shafts by means of which the shafts are rotated and the shutters displaced between the opened and the closed positions. A rotatable outlet valve is provided at the lower end of the chamber and is placed in operation as the shutters are moved into their opened positions for positively discharging the grain from the drying chamber.

This invention relates to a grain drier.

An object of the present invention is to provide a grain drier so adjusted that the grain supplied from the hopper sequentially to the drier may be dried out evenly and continuously from the outset until the end of the supply.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a grain drier wherein a plurality of drying chambers are connected in a series vertically and drying may be effected continuously by the draft of air.

Another object is to provide a grain drier so adjusted that the greatest drying efiiciency may be attained with the minimum of floor space.

A further object is to provide a grain drier wherein the drying time may be determined suitably and drying may be performed at all times in an optimum state in relation to the kind of grain to be dried, the quantity of water contained therein, and the like.

A further object is to provide a grain drier so adjusted as to prevent the hot air passing uselessly through the vacant area that may be produced towards the upper part of the drying chamber where the quantity of grain to be dried is decreased, i.e. the grain inside the drying chamber is decreased in quantity at the latter stages-of the consecutive feeding process of the grain to be dried, or where a small quantity of grain is to be dried.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a grain drier wherein the drying chambers are provided in rows and these may either be used independently or communicated to each other and also the temperature as well as the quantity of the hot air may be regulated, or the hot air may be screened out completely, so that the drying of grain may be operated at all times in an 3,412,478 Patented Nov. 26, 1968 optimum state in relation to the kind of grain to be dried, the quantity of water contained therein, and the like.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a grain drier wherein the circulation of hot air may take place only when the grain is flowing down the vertical barrel but not when the grain is not flowing down, thereby to prevent the redundant loss of heat.

In consideration of these objects and other objects that will be set forth hereinafter, the arrangement and construction of each part of the present invention will be described in the following specification and the claims appended thereto.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a view in side elevation showing an embodiment of the grain drier according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view, shown in part, of the drying apparatus thereof;

FIG. 3 is a sectional side elevation showing the upper part thereof;

FIG. 4 is a sectional side elevation showing the lower part thereof; and

FIGS. 5 and 6 are side elevations showing other embodiments according to the invention.

Now, describing the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in FIGS. 1 to 4 the referential mark A indicates a drying apparatus, B a lift means, C a furnace, and D a ventilator. To one side of the drying apparatus A is connected a ventilator D through an inlet 1, and to the other side thereof is fitted an outlet 2.

The ventilator D is coordinated by way of a connecting pipe -3 to the furnace C, and the connecting pipe 3 is fitted with an adjustment plate 3a and an air intake 3b. Referential numeral 4 indicates a hopper mounted on the upper part of the drying apparatus A and grain is fed to the hopper 4 by way of the pipe 5 installed at the upper part of the lift device B.

The hopper 4 is pivoted at the upper and lower parts thereof to the ends of the levers 6 and 7 by means of the shafts 6a and 7a, and the lever 6 is pivoted halfway to the support plate 8 of the drying apparatus A by the shaft 6b while the base of the lever 7 is pivoted to the support plate 8 'by the shaft 7b.

A torsion spring 9 is extended between the base of the lever 6 and the support plate 8, and thereby the hopper is carried. Referential numerals 10, 11 indicate limit switches that may be turned on cooperatively with the motion of the lever 6. The arrangement is such that the hopper 4 is depressed under the weight of the grain when the grain is supplied inside the hopper 4 in a certain amount as desired to turn on the limit switch 10 by way of the lever 6, and when the grain 12 is exhausted from inside the hopper 4 the limit switch 11 is conected in turn by way of the lever 6.

Referential numerals

13, 14 and 15 indicate solenoids, 16 and 17 indicate timers, 18, 19 and 20 indicate clutches, 21 indicates a motor, 22, 23 and 24, 25 indicate sprocket wheels, and 26 and 27 indicate chains. The solenoid 13 is connected to the limit switch 10 by way of the timer 16 and conductive wires 28 while the solenoid 14 is connected to the limit switch 11 by way of the timer 17 and conductive Wire 29, and the solenoid 15 to the timer 16 by way of the conductive wire 30.

Chain sprocket wheels 22, 23 are mounted on the rotary shaft 32 rotated by the motor 21 through a gearing 31. These sprocket wheels 22, 23 are rotated by way of the clutches 18, 19 respectively, while the clutch 20 acts on the rotary valve 33 to be described later. The

solenoids

13, 14 and 15 cooperate with the

clutches

18, 19 and 20 respectively to engage or disengage these clutches. Sprocket

Wheels

24 and 25 are secured to the axis 34,

the sprocket wheel 24 being connected to the sprocket wheel 22 by chain 26 and the sprocket wheel 25 to the sprocket wheel 23 by chain 27.

Referential numerals

35 and 36 indicate shutters, for controlling the fiow of grain, secured to the

rotary shafts

35a and 36a. The

shutters

35 and 36 are provided in a number of rows beneath the center of the hopper 4 on the side of the outlet 2 and on the side of the inlet 1, respectively, and to the lowermost part thereof is fitted an outlet pipe 37 equipped with a horizontal outlet valve 33.

As shown in FIG. 2 a bifurcate lever 38 is attached to one end of the rotary shaft 35a and a lever 39 secured to one end of the rotary shaft 36a. The one end of the bifurcate lever 38 is coupled to the lever 39 through a rod 40 to which is installed a torsion spring 41.

Lugs 26a, 27a are provided to the

chains

26, 27 and the lug 26a abuts on the one end 3811 of the bifurcate lever 38 while the lug 27a abuts on the other end 38b of the bifurcate lever 38.

In accordance with the construction of the grain drier as hereinabove described, the grain conveyed sequentially by the lift device B is fed to the inside of the hopper 4 through the pipe 5 (at this time, each of the

shutters

35, 36 for controlling the flow of grain is in a closed state). If more than a certain amount of grain 12 is supplied inside the hopper 4, as desired, the latter is depressed to some measure against the force of the torsion spring 9, to make the microswitch by way of the lever 6. Solenoid 13 is energized by way of the timer 16 through the action of the microswitch 10, and the

clutches

18 and 20 are engaged. With the clutch 18 engaged, the sprocket wheels 22 start to be rotated, and the chain 26 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow mark. With the rotation of chain 26, the lug 26a thereof firstly engages with the end 38a of the topmost bifurcate lever 38. Thus the end 38a of the bifurcate lever 38 is pressed down and along with it the rotary shaft a is turned axially to open the shutter 35 as shown in FIG. 2. At the same time that the end 38a of the bifurcate lever 38 is pressed down, the lever 39 and the rotary shaft 36a are rotated by the medium of the rod 40, and the shutter 36 is opened as shown in FIG. 3.

With the

topmost shutters

35, 36 opened in this way, the grain 12 contained in the hopper 4 may be passed onto the said

shutters

35, 36. Simultaneously, the hot air circulated from the furnace C is circulated by the ventilator D by way of the inlet 1 in the direction as indicated by the arrow mark of FIG. 3 and forced through the outlet 2.

The lug 26a on the chain 26, when disengaged from the end 38a of the topmost bifurcate lever 38, engages with the bifurcate lever 38 directly below said lever 38, and bears the same downwardly. The

shutters

35, 36 are opened in the manner as described, and the grain is passed down onto these

shutters

35, 36. The grain is conveyed in the similar manner onto the

lowermost shutters

35, 36 in order, while being dried, and the outlet valve is rotated with the clutch -20 engaged, as described in the foregoing. The periods of time in which these members are operated may be determined by the timer 16.

When the grain is exhausted, and the hopper 4 elevated by the torsion spring 9 to resume its former position, the limit switch 11 is turned on and clutch 19 engaged by the solenoid 14 by way of the timer 17, so that the sprocket wheel 23 begins to rotate and the chain 27 is rotated in the direction as indicated by the arrow mark. With the rotation of chain 27, the lug 27a attached thereto sequentially engages with and bears down the other ends 38b of the bifurcate levers 38 arranged in rows, so that the rotary shafts 35a are rotated with the downward movements of the ends 38b of the bifurcate levers 38, and the shutters 35 are closed. At the same time that the ends 38b of the bifurcate levers 38 are pressed down, the levers 39 are rotated along with the rotary shafts 36a and the shutters 36 are also closed.

Referring to FIG. 5, referential mark A indicates a drying apparatus, C indicates a furnace, D D and D indicate ventilators, and referential numeral 42 indicates a vertical barrel. The vertical barrel 42 is mounted centrally inside the drying apparatus A, and to the upper part of the barrel 42 is fitted to hopper 4a while to the lower part thereof is fitted an outlet pipe 37a provided with a free rotatory valve 33a.

A

number ofpartition walls

43, 44 are provided in rows at the front and back of the vertical barrel 42 to divide the latter into several ventilating chambers 45 and exhaust chambers 46.

Referential numeral 47 indicates fiow controlling shutters mounted in the vicinity of the

partition walls

43, 44 to divide the vertical barrel into several upper and lower drying chambers 42a and operated by the suitable prime movers 48. A number of

vents

42b, 420 with their respective guide panels 42d, 42:: are provided to the upper and lower parts of each drying chamber so as to face the front and back of the vertical barrel, and the interior of each drying chamber 42a is formed into a tortuous passage for grain by the guide panels 42d, 42a.

The duct C for hot air is erected upright on the furnace C and to the duct C are coupled a number of connecting pipes 49 fitted with ventilators D D and D etc. each vented to the associated ventilating chamber 45.

Each connecting pipe 49 is provided with an air intake 50 each having an adjustment plate 50a, .and each connecting pipe 49 is also provided with an adjustment plate 49a.

In accordance with the setup so far described, the grain supplied to the hopper 4a is conveyed down the interior of the vertical barrel alongside the guide panels 42d and exhausted through the outlet pipe 37a by way of the free rotatory valve 33a, but the flow of grain down the vertical barrel is impeded by the fiow controlling shutters 47 and caused to remain in the inside of each drying chamber 42a. During the time that the grain is caused to remain inside the drying chamber 42a it is dried through by the draft of hot air from the ventilators D D and D Referring to FIG. 6, referential mark A indicates .a drying apparatus, B indicates lift device, C indicates a furnace, D and D indicate ventilators and reference numeral 51 indicates a vertical barrel. The vertical barrel 51 is mounted centrally in the inside of the drying apparatus A and to the upper part thereof is fitted a hopper 4b While to the lower part thereof is fitted an outlet pipe 37b provided with a free rotatory valve 33b.

To the front and back of the vertical barrel 51 are fitted partition walls 43a. 44a, in anumber of rows to divide the vertical barrel into several ventilating chambers 45a and exhaust chambers 46a.

Reference numerals 51a, 51b indicate a number of vents provided towards the front and back of the vertical barrel 51, numeral 51c indicates a number of guide panels provided inside the vertical barrel 51, numeral 52 indicates flow controlling shutters, numeral 53 indicates shutters for vents 51a and numeral 53a indicates stoppers secured to the shutters 53. Each flow controlling shutter 52 is fitted integral with shutter 53 for vent 51a by a hinge 54.

To each furnace C is fitted an .air inlet pipe 55 each having "an adjustment plate 55a and connected to the ventilators D D each vented to the ventilating chamber 45a. Each inlet pipe 55 is fitted with an air intake 56 each having an adjustment plate 56a. Reference mark 2a indicates an air outlet pipe, and reference mark 5a indicates a conduit for supplying the grain into the hopper 4b from the lift device B.

In accordance with the setup as described hereinabove the shutter 52 is opened under the weight of the corn flowing down from the hopper 4b and as soon as the shutter 52 is opened the shutter 53 for vent 51a is opened to let the hot air into the vertical barrel 51. The hot air is then let into the air exhaust chamber 46a by way of the vent 51b and drawn out of the vertical barrel through an air outlet pipe 2a. The drying of grain is effected while the grain flows down the vertical barrel 51, causing a number of flow controlling shutters 52 mounted in rows to be opened sequentially.

Heretofore, a corn drier of the gravity feed type is well known. However, the machine of this kind has had many deficiencies that the grain to be dried is passed at a time onto the bottom of the drying chamber at the initial stages of the feeding process, and the grain supplied to the drying chamber at the earlier stages is passed uselessly without being dried throughout the periods of time that may be needed for the drying process, thus causing an unequal degree of dryness compared with the grain being supplied successively to the drying chamber in a normal operation, and moreover, since the grain is conveyed successively in layers during the drying process, the grain cannot be dried separately by lots of minor quantity of different kinds, and in case the quantity of grain to be dried is decreased and a vacant spot produced in the drying chamber, the drying air is circulated uselessly, and an overmuch heat loss has been caused. These deficiencies .are eliminated in accordance with the present invention, and the objects in view may be attained satisfactorily.

Though the description of afew embodiments of the present invention has been made, it is to be noted that the present invention is not restricted to the embodiments as hereinabove described but comprises all other structures coming under the purview of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A grain drier comprising walls forming a generally vertically extending drying chamber, means for feeding grain into the upper end of said drying chamber, a plurality of pairs of rotatable shafts, each pair of shafts comprising a first shaft and a second shaft both extending across said drying chamber transverse to the vertical axis thereof, said first shaft in each pair of shafts is vertically spaced above said second shaft, a first shutter is attached to each said first shaft and is rotatable therewith between a closed position and an opened position, a second shutter is attached to each said second shaft and is rotatable therewith between a closed position and an opened position, a first lever is mounted at its midpoint on one end of each of said first shafts and it has oppositely disposed sections extending transversely of the vertical axis of said drying chamber, a second lever mounted on one end of each of said second shafts and extending transversely to the vertical axis of said drying chamber, a connecting arm is secured between each of said first and second levers attached to a pair of said shafts, each said connecting arm is secured at one end to one of said first levers at a point spaced from said first shaft and is secured at its other end to one of said second levers at a point spaced from said second shaft, and first means arranged to move downwardly through said drying chamber for seriously pivoting said first levers starting with the uppermost one thereof and rotating said first shafts and said first shutters attached thereto whereby said first shutters are moved from the closed position into the opened position and as said first levers are pivoted said connecting Iarms pivot said second levers which rotate said second shafts and said second shutters attached thereto whereby said second shutters are moved from the closed position into the opened position, said first and second shutters are arranged in the opened position to provide a continuous tortuous flow path for grain passing downwardly through said drying chambers.

2. A grain drier as set forth in claim 1, wherein said first and second shafts are arranged to rotate said first and second shutters in opposite directions relative to the plane of the closed positions of said shutters whereby in the opened positions said first and second shutters are angularly disposed on opposite sides of the plane of said first and second shutters in the closed position.

3. A grain drier as set forth in claim 1, wherein second means are arranged to move downwardly through said drying chamber for serially pivoting said second levers starting with the uppermost one thereof and rotating said second shafts and said second shutters attached thereto whereby said second shutters are moved from the opened position into the closed position and as said second levers are pivoted said connecting arm pivots said first levers which rotates said first shaft and said first shutter attached thereto whereby said first shutters are moved from the opened into the closed position.

4. A grain drier as set forth in claim 1, wherein the uppermost of said first shutters in the closed position forms a closure for preventing grain from passing from said means for feeding grain into the upper end of said drying chamber downwardly into said drying chamber.

5. A gnain drier as set forth in claim 3, wherein said first means and said second means arranged for pivoting said first lever and said second levers respectively each comprises a chain, means for driving said chain, and a lug attached to said chain and arranged to contact the adjacent one of said first and second levers for rotating said lever about said shaft to which it is connected.

6. A grain drier as set forth in claim 3, wherein said means for feeding grain comprises a hopper pivotally mounted on the upper end of said drying chamber, a first switch means and a second switch means disposed in operative relationship with said hopper whereby as said hopper is filled and reaches a selected level the hopper pivots and closes said first switch means and activates said first means for pivoting said first levers and as said hopper is emptied said second switch means is closed and activates said second means for pivoting said second levers.

7. A grain drier as set forth in claim 6, wherein timer means are arranged in cooperating relationship with said switch means for timing the period of operation of the grain drier.

8. A grain drier as set forth in claim 1, wherein a drying medium inlet is positioned at the lower end of said drying chamber, and a drying medium outlet in positioned at the upper end of said drying chamber, and means for supplying the drying medium to said inlet whereby said drying medium flows upwardly through said drying chamber in counterflow relationship with the grain passing downwardly over the first and second shutters in their opened positions.

9. A grain drier as set forth in claim 1, wherein a rotatable outlet valve is positioned at the lower end of said drying chamber, and means for rotating said outlet valve arranged to be placed in operation as said first shutters and said second shutters are displaced into their opened positions.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 56,708 7/1866 Clark 34-174 272,959 2/1883 Hoyt 34172 XR 1,673,241 6/1928 Hatfield 34172 XR 1,941,499 1/1934 Siems 34-56 XR 2,535,570 12/1950 Gordon 34-53 XR 3,118,574 1/1964 Compt 34-172 XR FOREIGN PATENTS 688,133 2/ 1940 Germany. 326,085 3/1930 Great Britain.

FREDERICK L. MAT'TESON, JR. Primary Examiner. H. B. RAMEY, Assistant Examiner.