US3409944A - Drawing frame - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 12, 1968 HIROSHI KAJIMURA ET AL 3,409,944

DRAWING FRAME 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 22, 1964 Maw? 7 FIG.|

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United States Patent Ofice 3,409,944 Patented Nov. 12, 1968 3,409,944 DRAWING FRAME Hiroshi Kajimura, Tatuo Ota, and Satoshi Nagira, Yatsuka-gun, Japan, assignors to O-M Ltd., Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Japan Filed June 22, 1964, Ser. No. 376,964 Claims priority, application Japan, July 6. 1963, 38/50,712, 38/50,713; Oct. 9, 1963, Sis/76,393; Nov. 12, 1963, 38/85, 106

. Claims. (Cl. 19-262) The present invention relates to improvements in the drawing frame and particularly to improvements in such components of the drawing frame as the roller mechanism, sliver guide mechanism, top roller supporting mechanism and vacuum cleaner mechanism.

Recently, with the speed-up of textile machines the spinning rate of drawing frames has come up to 300 m./min., which necessitates the increase in the size of cans, which increase, in turn, makes it necessary to increase the distance between the front roller and the calender roller, with the result that slivers delivered at high speed from the front rollers have a tendency to produce unstable vibrations on their way to the calender rollers. These vibrations form the cause of the clogging of slivers in trumpets or other troubles, thereby interfering with the high speed spinning operation of drawing frames. As a result, it has become a serious problem in the high speed spinning operation of drawing frames how to guide slivers delivered by front rollers to calender rollers and how to suppress their vibrations. As a method of solving the problem, it has heretofore been proposed to provide a special condenser tube or a pair of upper and lower auxiliary rollers between both rollers, i.e., the front rollers and the calender rollers. The provision of such special condenser tube, however, causes the application of excessive or additional resistance to slivers and also necessitates the forcible change of direction of slivers at the trumpets, thereby bringing about adverse effects such as the increase in sliver breakage and fly and the clogging of slivers in the trumpets. On the other hand, the provision of the auxiliary rollers makes the mechanism more complicated.

Other drawback involved in the high speed spinning operation of drawing frames is the problem of controlling floating fibers in the draft zone, and how to assure a stable running of slivers carrying sufiicient amounts of cotton. In this connection, it has been common practice to employ the so-called selvage guide system to control only either side of a group of slivers. With such system employed, however, only those portions of the sliver which are narrowed are thickened, so that a sliver of uniform thickness cannot be obtained. Thus, there has been a certain fixed range of the width of slivers to be processed.

A further drawback involved in the high speed spinning operation of drawing frames is connected with the top roller supporting mechanism. conventionally, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a slide surface of a capper neb 1 is recessed as at 1', and an end portion 2' of a top roller 2 is formed with a projection 2" engageable with said recess 1, whereby the top roller is supported. In this arrangement, however, if a bearing must be provided in the top roller'shaft 2' as shown in FIG. 10, the dimension a is increased and hence the dimension b also is increased. As a result, it becomes difficult to shorten the roller gauge. Further, as shown in FIG. 9 it is usual to secure a rod 3 to the capper neb 1 by means of a bolt 4. But when the roller gauge is to be changed, the capper neb 1 tends to rotate around the axis of the rod 3, so that surplus time is spent in the adjustment thereof. Recently, there has arisen the necessity of increasing pressure on rollers and the stiffness of rods because of high speed spinning and synthetic fiber spinning operation. In such case, the dimension 0 shown in FIG. 9 is increased, so that it is inevitable to shorten the longitudinal dimension of the top roller bearing part. However, since in the above-mentioned support mechanism the rollers are strengthened by shortening the distance between the roller stands as minimum as possible, it becomes difficult to shorten the longitudinal dimension of such rollers.

Another drawback involved in the high speed spinning operation of drawing frames is connected with the occurrence of fly and the cleaning mechanism therefor. Conventionally, a support frame for a fly scraper is secured to the machine frame, so that the scraper is pressed against the roller in a fixed condition. As a result, there is a tendency to produce a pool of fly, and once such pool is produced much trouble is required for the removal thereof.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention intends to eliminate them and provide an improved drawing frame which is well endure high speed operation.

According to the invention, pairs of drawing rollers are arranged to be vertically oriented, and the nip point of front rollers is disposed immediately above the nip point of calender rollers as close as possible, with the result that the structure is extremely simplified as compared with the conventional arrangement in which auxiliary rollers are provided. In the improved arrangement, slivers travel downward, so that however high their processing speed may be, their travel condition in a region between the front roller and the calender roller is stabled. As a result, they are not subjected to surplus resistance due to condenser tubes, nor are they subjected to forcible bending at trumpets, and thus an improved quality of yarn can be obtained. Not only is it possible to obviate troubles such as breakage of sliver and clogging of slivers in tubes, but also the distance between the front roller and the calender roller does not become longer even if large sized cans are employed. Besides these, a further advantage of the invention is that since there will be no possibility that the slivers which are once condensed breadth in air to swell, it is possible to relieve the back pressure of the slivers thereby to increase the capacity of accommodation.

Another object of the invention is to provide an arrangement wherein a sliver guide having a number of discs is provided immediately above the nip point of the back rollers whereby a number of slivers are introduced through both sides of the center line of said sliver guide to the nip point so that said slivers may be supplied in regularly overlapping relation. Thus, the width of the group of slivers can be reduced to about less than half of the conventional width, and also the slivers can be maintained in closely contacted condition, so that fly occurs much less frequently. Further, when it is desired to process an even number of slivers, this is achieved by arranging the discs so as to be perpendicular to the axis of the sliver guide, While when it is desired to process an odd number of slivers, this is achieved by arranging the discs so as to be oblique to the axis of the sliver guide. Thus, the operation is not adversely affected by the number of slivers. Instead of providing the above-mentioned form of guide having discs, a trumpet may be formed with a number of holes, an arrangement which is based on the same principle and construed as being an example of application of the invention.

A further object of the invention is to provide an arrangement wherein a cap bar is constructed of a flat plate and is formed with a horizontal elongated opening in which is fitted one side of a metal attachment having flanges on the upper and lower surfaces thereof and secured in place by means of a bolt, the remaining portion of said metal attachment being projected into the inside of the cap bar, and a recess is formed in a side end portion of a top roller shaft so as to be engageable with the projection of the metal attachment. As a result of this arrangement, the previously mentioned drawbacks of the conventional top roller supporting mechanism is perfectly compensated for. That is, the shortening of the roller guage is made possible, and when the roller guage is changed, the parallel movement of the holder is made possible because it is guided by the elongated opening of the cap bar, so that the labor of the change of roller guage is saved. Rigidity can be added to the cap bar by increasing the width d of the said cap bar and thus the sacrifice of the dimension in the lengthwise direction of roller may be minimized. Further, the top roller metal part is shaped concave, such shape being advantageous from the view point of strength.

Another object of the invention is to provide an arrangement wherein the support frame of a fiy scraper for a drawing roller is mounted on the support base of a roller stand so as to be movable back and forth or is pivoted. and an eccentric cam is mounted on the drawing roller shaft and is associated with a follower attached to the support frame so as to transmit rectilinear reciprocating motion or swing motion to the support frame. As a result of this arrangement, during the running of the drawing frame the support frame is constantly moved up and down or right and left by the action of the eccentric cam and its follower thereby to separate the scraper from the peripheral surface of the roller every time the support frame is thus moved. Thus, without any possibility of the accumulation of fly on the front and rear portions of the scraper, those fibers which collect adjacent the scraper can be positively removed.

Besides the above-mentioned advantages, the invention has various advantages which follow. Fly occurring be tween the front rollers and the calender rollers can be easily sucked by a front suction head. The roller part and the stop motion mechanism are easy to operate, and it is possible to attach the calender roller bracket and the roller stand to a common stand, so that the structure is simplified. The coiler beam and roller beam can be integrally fabricated to provide a rugged structure. The support of the tube gear no longer suffer unstableness caused by the conventional overhanging arrangement, and the gears and the like to be internally provided can be perfectly enclosed. Since the calender rollers and the draft part are located close to each other, the second roller, for example, can be driven directly from the calender roller and thus the number of gears used can be decreased.

The invention may be better understood and its numerous advantages will become apparent to those skilled in the art by reference to the following description and its claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a drawing frame according to the invention;

FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are schematic views showing sliver guides used in a drawing frame of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a sectional-view of a group of slivers associated with the sliver guides shown in FIGS. 2 and 3;

FIG. 5 is a view showing a top roller supporting means according to the invention;

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal section taken along the line A-A of FIG. 5

FIGS. 7 and 8 are perspective details of the element 61 of FIGS. 5 and 6;

FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are views showing top roller supporting means of the conventional type, these figures being for the purpose of making a comparison between the top roller support means according to the invention and the conventional means; and

FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 are views of vacuum cleaning means for a drawing frame of the invention, FIG. 11 showing such means where a fly scraper makes a rectilinear reciprocating motion, FIG. 12 showing such means where the fiy scraper makes a swing motion.

Referring to FIG. 1, indicated by the reference numeral 5 is a roller beam, 6 is a bracket mounted on the roller beam, and 7 is a top arm secured to and depending from an end of said bracket 6. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 indicate pairs of top rollers and bottom rollers, respectively. The bottom rollers 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17 are supported on roller stands (not shown) and are positively rotated. The top rollers 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 are supported at each end by a cap bar 18 so as to be shiftable in the direction of the bottom rollers. These top rollers 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 are loaded by springs 19 contained in the top arm 7 and are contacted with the bottom rollers 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17. In addition, although only a single spring which presses the back top roller against the back bottom roller 17 is shown in FIG. 1, the other top rollers are pressed against the corresponding bottom rollers by such springs. Numerals 8 and 13 indicate the lowestpositioned top roller and bottom roller corresponding to a pair of front rollers. Numeral 20 indicates a hook for catching the foremost end of the top arm 7 for retaining it in position as shown. Calender rollers 21 and 22 are positioned immediately below the front top roller 8 and front bottom roller 13 in such a manner that the nip point e of said front rollers 8 and 13 i vertically aligned with the nip point 1 of the calender rollers. A trumpet 23 is positioned between the nip point e of the front rollers 8 and 13 and the nip point ,1 of the calender rollers 21 and 22. Numeral 24 indicates a sliver introducing tube associated with a tube gear 25, through which tube 24 slivers delivered from the calender rollers are introduced to a can where the sliver collects in coiled form due to the rotation of the can itself. Numeral 26 indicates a coiler beam which is constructed integrally with the roller beam 5. A sliver guide 27 is positioned above the back top roller 12 and back bottom roller 17 and in the form of FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a number of discs 28 arranged at fixed intervals, i.e., with distances 1 adapted to allow the passage of slivers therethrough.

In FIG. 2 is shown a particular form of such sliver guide which is used when an even number of slivers 29 are fed between the back rollers 12 and 17. In this case, discs 28 are so arranged as to be perpendicular to the axis of the sliver guide. FIG. 3 shows another form of sliver guide for guiding an odd number of slivers 29 between the back rollers 12 and 17. In such case, discs 28 are secured to the sliver guide so as to be inclined at a fixed angle with respect to the axis of the sliver guide. In addition, 60 indicates guide rollers known per se, which guide slivers to the sliver guide 27. If slivers are fed through the thus constructed sliver guide 27 to the back rollers 12 and 17 so that the slivers may be overlapped, the width L of the group of slivers when entering the back roller 12 and 17 can be reduced to about less than half of the conventional width. Further, the slivers are brought into closely contacted condition, so that fly occurs much less frequently. When slivers become thickened, such situation can be overcome by using metallic rollers as the back rollers or increasing the load weights on the respective rollers in order to increase draft efficiency. FIGS. 5 through 8 illustrate means for supporting the roller shafts of the top rollers 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. Although FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate such support only for the top rollers 8 and 9, the other top rollers 10, 11 and 12 are supported by the same mechanism. In FIG. 5, 30 indicates bearings for rotatably supporting the end portion 31 of the roller shaft. Cap bar 18 is composed of a fiat plate material, and has its base portion pivotally connected to a cap bar rod (not shown), as in the case of the conventional cap bar. An elongated opening 32 is formed in said cap bar 18. Numeral 61 indicates a square metal attachment provided at its middle with flanges 33. A portion 34 of the metal attachment is loosel inserted into the elongated opening from the inside and then a bolt 35 is screwed in the threaded hole 35 of the metal attachment 61 from the outside, thus said metal attachment 61 being clamped in place by a washer 37 and the flanges 33. Thus, a portion 38 of the metal attachment necessarily projects upwardly from the cap bar 18. The top roller shaft is supported by the engagement of said portion 38 with a recess 39 formed in the end surface of the bearing 30. That is, the method of support is contrary to the usual one and is such that the portion 38 of the metal attachment 61 secured to the cap bar 18 is shiftably fitted in the recess 39 of the bearing 30. As a result, roller gauge can be considerably shortened, and since the metal attachment is guided as mentioned above by the elongated opening of the cap bar when roller gauge is changed, it is free of parallel movement thereby saving much labor in changing roller gauge, and being far more advantageous in construction and structural strength than the conventional arrangement.

FIGS. 11 and 12 illustrate vacuum cleaning mechanisms according to the invention, wherein 40 indicates fly scrapers pressed against the bottom rollers 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17, said fly scrapers being provided on a support frame 42 having its root portion pivotally connected to a part of the bracket 6 by means of a pin 41. The other end of said support frame 42 is constantly urged toward the bottom rollers, so that each of the scrapers 40 is pressed against the side surface of the respective bottom rollers 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17. Numeral 44 indicates a low pressure chamber disposed in the roller beam 5 and having its suction opening 45 opposed to the row of bottom rollers, said chamber being connected through a flexible suction tube 46 to a suitable low pressure line. Fly scrapers 47 pressed against the surfaces of the top rollers 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 are each secured to a support frame 49 pivotally connected to a part of the bracket 6. Said fly scrapers 47 constantly exercise up-and-down motion or swing motion with respect to the top rollers 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, so that the fly scrapers 47 are separated from the scrapers of top rollers 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 at each time of such motion. As a means for separating these scrapers 47 from the top rollers 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, there are two following systems. A system shown in FIG. 11 is such that the support frame 49 is pivotally connected at its root portion to a part of the bracket 6 so as to be movable in up-and-down directions. To illustrate an example thereof, an elongated vertical opening 48 is formed in a portion of the bracket 6, and the root portion of the support frame 49 is pivoted in said elongated opening 48 by means of a pin 62. The other system is such that one end of a hollow, short tube is pivotally connected to a part of the bracket, and the root portion of the support frame is shiftably fitted in the lower end opening of said hollow, short tube. The supprt frame 49 is provided with a projected and bifurcated member 50 receiving an eccentric cam 51 secured to the shaft of one of the top rollers. Thus, the rotation of the top rollers and hence of the eccentric cam 51 causes the scrapers 47 on the support frame to exercise up-and-down motion. Numeral 52 indicates a spring constantly urging the support frame 49 toward the top rollers. In addition, in FIGS. 11 and 12 the scrapers 40 and 47 are rolls made of flexible material such as rubber and the like and are circular in cross-section, which have base plates 63 of semi-circular cross-section attached thereto and which are each secured to the support frames 42 and 49 by metal attachments 64. The scrapers 40 and 47 may use a plate form instead of said roll form so that such plate form of scrapers may be contacted with roller surfaces in a somewhat bent fashion.

In the arrangement shown in FIG. 12, the root portion of the support frame is pivotally attached to a part of the bracket 6 by means of a pin 53, and a projected member 55 having at its end a small roller 54 is secure-d to a part of the support frame, said small roller 54 being contacted with an eccentric cam 56 secured to the shaft of one of the top rollers. Thus, when the top rollers are rotated, the eccentric cam 56 and small roller 54 cause the swing motion of the support frame 49 around the pin 53. As in the case of FIG. 11, the end of the support frame 49 is subject to the action of a spring 52, so that each of the scrapers 47 are pressed against the respective top rollers. In FIGS. 11 and 12, 57 indicates a low pressure chamber having a suction opening 58 disposed in the roller beam 5 and opposed to the row of top rollers, said chamber being connected through a suc-. tion tube 59 to a suitable source of low pressure. With the above-mentioned structure, during draft operation scrapers 40 and 47 are each pressed against the bottom rollers or top rollers by means of springs or self-weight to scrape fly on the roller surfaces. The scraped fly is sucked through the end edges of the scrapers 40 and 47 by the suction openings and is then discharged through the low pressure chambers 44 and 47, during which operation the support frame 49 on the top roller side is constantly moved up and down or swung right and left by the eccentric cam 51 and bifurcated member 50 or by the eccentric cam 56 and small roller 54 thereby to separate the scrapers 47 from the peripheral surface of the rollers and prevent the accumulation of fly on the front and rear portions of the scrapers. Although in the drawings there is illustrated an instance in which the scrapers only on the top roller side exercises back and forth movement or up-and-down movement, the scrapers on the bottom roller side may also be given a rectilinear reciprocating movement or swing movement by a similar mechanism.

Although this invention has described in its preferred forms with a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure of the preferred forms has been made only by way of examples and that numerous changes in details of construction and the combination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed.

What is claimed is:

1. A drawing frame comprising, in combination,

(A) a pair of calender rollers and pairs of draft rollers arranged thereabove, said pairs of draft rollers each comprising a bottom roller and a top roller, said bottom rollers being supported on roller stands and being positively driven, and each of said top rollers having bearing parts at its ends,

(B) a cap bar supporting said bearing parts at each end of said top rollers as hereinafter set forth,

(C) said pairs of rollers including a pair of front rollers, said pair of front rollers being mounted as aforesaid with its nip point positioned immediately above the nip point of said pair of calender rollers and sufliciently close thereto to substantially avoid unstable vibrations of slivers being delivered at high speed from said front rollers to said calender rollers,

(D) said pairs of rollers also including a pair of back rollers, said pair of back rollers being mounted as aforesaid with its nip point facing upwardly,

(B) said combination further comprising a sliver guide positioned immediately above the nip point of said back rollers and having a center portion parallel therewith, said sliver guide comprising a number of adjacent discs defining passages therebetween at either side of said center portion through each of which a sliver is passed on its way to the nip point of said back rollers, enabling a number of slivers to be introduced to said draft rollers through the clearances at each side of the center portion of said sliver guide,

(F) said combination also characterized in that each of said cap bars comprises (1) a flat plate member having an inner side facing toward said top rollers and an outer side facing away from said top rollers, and having an elongated opening extending through from its inner side to its outer side and longitudinally of said plate member, and

(2) an attachment for supporting the bearing part of said top roller, which attachment comprises (a) a flange portion formed to abut against the inner side of said plate member,

(b) a side portion fitting in the elongated opening in said plate member,

(c) threaded bolt means securing said attachment in a selected position in said elongated opening, and

(d) a bearing part engaging portion extending from said flange portion into the aforesaid recess in the end of said bearing part,

(G) said combination further comprising (1) scrapers juxtaposed to rollers of said pairs of draft rollers,

(2) a support frame in which said scrapers are mounted,

(3) means comprising an eccentric cam mounted on the shaft of one roller of said pairs of draft rollers and a member engaged with said cam and attached to said support frame for imparting reciprocating motion to said scrapers as said draft rollers are rotated,

(4) said support frame comprising a support base and articulating means for mounting said support base to permit said reciprocating motion thereof.

2. A drawing frame as defined in claim 1, wherein the: discs referred to in clause (E) have their planes perpendicular to the center portion of the sliver guide and provide the same number of sliver guiding clearances at either side of said center portion.

3. A drawing frame as defined in claim 1, wherein the discs referred to in clause (E) have their planes inclined to the center portion of said sliver guide and provide one more sliver guiding clearance at one side of said center portion than at the other.

4. A drawing frame as defined in claim 1, wherein the member engaging said eccentric cam, referred to in clause (G) (3), is a bifurcated member embracing said cam and moved upwardly and downwardly thereby for reciprocating said support frame vertically, and the articulating means, referred to in clause (G) (4), comprises a lost motion connection providing for vertical reciprocation of said support base.

5. A drawing frame as defined in claim 1, wherein the member engaging said eccentric cam, referred to in clause (G) (3), is a cam surface laterally engaging and moved sideways by said cam for reciprocating said support, and the articulating means, referred to in clause (G) (4), comprises a pivotal connection providing for sidewise swinging of said support base.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,090,586 3/1914 Willey et al. 19-25 1,246,535 11/1917 Briercliffe et al. 19- 262 X 1,469,740 10/1923 Underwood 19-159 2,610,362 9/1952 Bird 19-245 2,939,184 6/1960 Watson et al. 19-159 3,067,480 12/1962 Cocker 19-66 X 3,191,375 6/1965 Naegeli 19-150 X FOREIGN PATENTS 906,029 5/ 1945 France.

7,210 1886 Great Britain. 819,935 9/ 1959 Great Britain.

DORSEY NEWTON, Primary Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A DRAWING FRAME COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION, (A) A PAIR OF CALENDER ROLLERS AND PAIRS OF DRAFT ROLLERS ARRANGED THEREABOVE, SAID PAIRS OF DRAFT ROLLERS EACH COMPRISING A BOTTOM ROLLER AND A TOP ROLLER, SAID BOTTOM ROLLERS BEING SUPPORTED ON ROLLER STANDS AND BEING POSITIVELY DRIVEN, AND EACH OF SAID TOP ROLLERS HAVING BEARING PARTS AT ITS ENDS,

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