US3408433A - Method and apparatus for spinning heterofilaments - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for spinning heterofilaments Download PDF

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Publication number
US3408433A
US3408433A US558670A US55867066A US3408433A US 3408433 A US3408433 A US 3408433A US 558670 A US558670 A US 558670A US 55867066 A US55867066 A US 55867066A US 3408433 A US3408433 A US 3408433A
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United States
Prior art keywords
spinneret
hole
polymer
wall
viscosity
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Expired - Lifetime
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US558670A
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English (en)
Inventor
Brayford John Raymond
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Publication date
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/32—Side-by-side structure; Spinnerette packs therefor

Definitions

  • Each spinneret hole of a spinneret plate is constructed with one wall portion of relatively great length in the extrusion direction and another parallel wall portion of relatively short length.
  • Composite, side-by-side filaments are made by forcing two polymer components of significantly different melt viscosities through each hole in a manner such that the lower viscosity component contacts the longer wall portion and the higher viscosity component contacts the shorter wall portion, whereby the components issue from the hole at uniform velocity and the threadline exhibits no appreciable deflection from the axis of the hole.
  • the present invention relates to the spinning of side by side heterofilaments, more particularly to the spinning of side by side heterofilaments from two polymers of significantly different melt viscosities.
  • the present invention we provide a process for the manufacture of composite filaments and yarns containing them by forcing a stream of molten polymer of higher viscosity side by side with a stream of molten polymer of lower viscosity through a spinneret hole of which the wall length is non-uniform, the major part or all of the polymer of lower viscosity being in contact with the major part or all of a portion of the wall of the spinneret hole extending further than the remainder of the Wall of the spinneret hole at the exit so as to counteract substantially the tendency to deflection of the polymer stream resulting from the difference in melt viscosity between the two polymer streams.
  • a spinneret comprising :a spinneret plate bearing a multiplicity of spinneret holes substantially perpendicularly disposed to the face of the spinneret plate, at least a portion of the wall of each of the said spinneret holes being significantly longer than at least another portion of the Wall of each of said spinneret holes.
  • the :ambit of our invention includes, for example, the case of a stepped exit wherein a shorter portion of the wall of the hole is all of one length and a longer portion all of another length, a bevelled exit wherein the wall length varies linearly across the hole as well as other obvious equivalents.
  • An advantage of the process of our invention employing the spinneret according to our invention is that by means of it side by side heterofilaments may be spun using pairs of polymers of significantly different melt viscosities using a relatively cheaply manufactured spinneret. Such heterofilaments have a potential crimp which may be developed by subsequent treatment and this renders them particularly suitable for many textile purposes.
  • the tendency for the occurrence of an asymmetrical velocity distribution across the composite stream at the exit of the spinneret hole increases as the difference between the melt-viscosities of the pair of polymers under the conditions pertaining in the spinneret hole increases, which in turn is the result of differences which may, for example, be chemical, physical or the result of additives.
  • the impressed correcting influence, which tends to neutralise the resultant velocity differential depends on the continuance of the drag effect resulting from the extended time of contact and extent of contact of one member of the pair of polymers with the wall of the spinneret hole at the exit.
  • Our invention is applicable to the ranges of hole dimensions throughputs and melt viscosities commonly used in melt spinning, for example diameters from 0.007 to 0.020 inch, throughputs 0.5 to 2.5 g. per minute, melt viscosities from 200 to 10,000 poises.
  • the combined kneeing tendency which has to be corrected, and hence the magnitude of the differential length results, from the combination of the above parameters, decreased diameter, increased throughput and increase in melt viscosity difference working in the same direction
  • spinneret holes of either of two kinds:
  • spinneret hole we include only the substantially parallel sided portion of the orifice through which the molten polymer is "forced. We exclude any lead-in portion of wider bore than the parallel sided portion, which has a negligible effect on the velocity of the polymer streams.
  • the pairs of polymers of different melt viscosity may be of different chemical composition, for example polyester with polyamide, of modified chemical composition, for example polyester with copolyester, or of different molecular weights for the same polymer. Otherwise the difference in melt viscosity may be produced by some other means, for example a difference in temperature or the use of a particular polymer paired with the same polymer in admixture with a modifying agent; an example of such a modifying agent is a finely divided chemically inert material.
  • FIGURE 2 shows a section through the spinneret plate on the line X-X'.
  • FIGURE 3 shows a section through the spinneret plate on the line Y-Y'.
  • a spinneret was fabricated consisting of a spinneret plate of circular form in which were bored 12 equidistant spinneret holes of 0.015 inch (0.38 mm.) diameter, of which the axes were perpendicular to the face of the spinneret plate and the centres of which were on a circle concentric with the spinneret plate and of diameter 2 inches (6.8 cm.).
  • Second Component 1. VJ 0. 67 0.60 0. 50 O. 40
  • a process for the manufacture of composite filaments and yarns containing said filaments by forcing a stream of molten polymer of higher viscosity side by side with a stream of molten polymer of lower viscosity through a spinneret hole disposed substantially perpendicularly to a spinneret plate, of which the wall length is non-uniform, the major part or all of the polymer of lower viscosity being in contact with the major part or all of a portion of the wall of the spinneret hole extending further than the remainder of the wall of the spinneret hole at the exit.
  • the molten polymer of higher viscosity is of viscosity at the temperature of spinning of from 1,000 to 10,000 poises
  • the viscosity of the polymer of lower viscosity is of at least 500 poises less than the viscosity of the polymer of higher viscosity
  • the ratio in which the two components are forced through the spinneret is 1:5 to 5:1
  • the hole diameter is not less than 0.007 and not greater than 0.020 inch
  • the hole length is not less than 0.01 and not greater than 0.05 inch
  • the difference between the longest and shortest lengths of the spinneret walls is not less than 0.002 and not greater than 0.020 inch, preferably not less than 0.004 and not greater than 0.010 inch
  • the throughput of the combined stream of polymer is from 0.5 g. to 2.5 g. per minute per hole.
  • a spinneret comprising a spinneret plate bearing a multiplicity of spinneret holes substantially perpendicularly disposed to the face of the spinneret plate, at least one portion of the wall of each of the said spinneret holes extending substantially further at the exit in a direction parallel to the direction of extrusion than at least one other parallel portion of the wall of each of said spinneret holes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
US558670A 1965-06-23 1966-06-20 Method and apparatus for spinning heterofilaments Expired - Lifetime US3408433A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB26598/65A GB1091367A (en) 1965-06-23 1965-06-23 Heterofilaments

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3408433A true US3408433A (en) 1968-10-29

Family

ID=10246143

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US558670A Expired - Lifetime US3408433A (en) 1965-06-23 1966-06-20 Method and apparatus for spinning heterofilaments

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3408433A (OSRAM)
DE (1) DE1660379B1 (OSRAM)
ES (1) ES328260A1 (OSRAM)
GB (1) GB1091367A (OSRAM)
NL (1) NL152610B (OSRAM)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3491178A (en) * 1964-02-04 1970-01-20 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Method for spinning bicomponent polypropylene filaments
US3536802A (en) * 1965-08-02 1970-10-27 Kanebo Ltd Method for spinning composite filaments
US3671620A (en) * 1968-07-27 1972-06-20 Kurashiki Rayon Co Process for the manufacture of composite filaments and yarns
US3734672A (en) * 1971-10-18 1973-05-22 Food Technology Extrusion die for dough
US3860679A (en) * 1971-11-02 1975-01-14 Fiber Industries Inc Process for extruding filaments having asymmetric cross-section
US3904730A (en) * 1969-01-28 1975-09-09 Mitsui Petrochemical Ind Process for the preparation of polypropylene crimped fibers
EP0200701A3 (en) * 1985-04-22 1989-01-18 Monsanto Company Improved partially oriented nylon yarn and process
US5716568A (en) * 1995-05-11 1998-02-10 Ems-Inventa Ag Method for producing polyester bi-component fibers and filaments
US5869582A (en) * 1997-01-22 1999-02-09 Alliedsignal Inc. Diblock polyester copolymer and process for making
US6071835A (en) * 1998-06-16 2000-06-06 Alliedsignal Inc. Load limiting webbing
US6228488B1 (en) 1998-05-22 2001-05-08 Alliedsignal Inc. Process for making load limiting yarn

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB965729A (en) * 1961-09-09 1964-08-06 Schweizerische Viscose Improvements relating to the manufacture of filaments

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB965729A (en) * 1961-09-09 1964-08-06 Schweizerische Viscose Improvements relating to the manufacture of filaments

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3491178A (en) * 1964-02-04 1970-01-20 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Method for spinning bicomponent polypropylene filaments
US3536802A (en) * 1965-08-02 1970-10-27 Kanebo Ltd Method for spinning composite filaments
US3671620A (en) * 1968-07-27 1972-06-20 Kurashiki Rayon Co Process for the manufacture of composite filaments and yarns
US3904730A (en) * 1969-01-28 1975-09-09 Mitsui Petrochemical Ind Process for the preparation of polypropylene crimped fibers
US3734672A (en) * 1971-10-18 1973-05-22 Food Technology Extrusion die for dough
US3860679A (en) * 1971-11-02 1975-01-14 Fiber Industries Inc Process for extruding filaments having asymmetric cross-section
EP0200701A3 (en) * 1985-04-22 1989-01-18 Monsanto Company Improved partially oriented nylon yarn and process
US5716568A (en) * 1995-05-11 1998-02-10 Ems-Inventa Ag Method for producing polyester bi-component fibers and filaments
US5869582A (en) * 1997-01-22 1999-02-09 Alliedsignal Inc. Diblock polyester copolymer and process for making
US6228488B1 (en) 1998-05-22 2001-05-08 Alliedsignal Inc. Process for making load limiting yarn
US6340524B1 (en) 1998-05-22 2002-01-22 Alliedsignal Inc. Process for making load limiting yarn
US6613257B2 (en) 1998-05-22 2003-09-02 Alliedsignal Inc. Process for making load limiting yarn
US6071835A (en) * 1998-06-16 2000-06-06 Alliedsignal Inc. Load limiting webbing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES328260A1 (es) 1967-08-16
NL152610B (nl) 1977-03-15
GB1091367A (en) 1967-11-15
NL6608765A (OSRAM) 1966-12-27
DE1660379B1 (de) 1972-04-27

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