US3407795A - Ignition system for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Ignition system for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3407795A
US3407795A US554784A US55478466A US3407795A US 3407795 A US3407795 A US 3407795A US 554784 A US554784 A US 554784A US 55478466 A US55478466 A US 55478466A US 3407795 A US3407795 A US 3407795A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
circuit
spark
winding
oscillator
transformer
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US554784A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert W Aiken
Robert E Canup
Charles E Galaspie
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Texaco Inc
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Texaco Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Texaco Inc filed Critical Texaco Inc
Priority to US554784A priority Critical patent/US3407795A/en
Priority to GB24476/67A priority patent/GB1143512A/en
Priority to CH742967A priority patent/CH474670A/de
Priority to SE7581/67A priority patent/SE333277B/sv
Priority to DE19671639128 priority patent/DE1639128A1/de
Priority to ES341258A priority patent/ES341258A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3407795A publication Critical patent/US3407795A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/01—Electric spark ignition installations without subsequent energy storage, i.e. energy supplied by an electrical oscillator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
    • F02P9/002—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression

Definitions

  • This invention concerns ignition systems in general, and more particularly relates to an ignition system that is applicable to internal combustion engines. While the system was developed particularly for use with internal combustion engines of the type described in US. patent to Barber No. 2,484,009 issued Oct. 11, 1949, it is an ignition system that also is applicable to internal combustion engines generally.
  • an object of this invention is to provide an ignition system for internal combustion engines, that employs an AC voltage and enables a spark to be energized for a predetermined fixed duration commencing with an interval of time as determined by a single mechanical timer or otherwise independently of the speed of operation of the engine.
  • each spark interval must be commenced with a definite mechanical relationship relative to the engine operation, and the time duration of a spark interval may be chosen such that it varies with speed only so long as the speed is greater than a predetermined value.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an ignition system for giving optimum spark ignition that will produce a maximum efiiciency by providing complete burning of the combustion products over a full range of operating speed, from starting to maximum r.p.m.
  • the invention concerns an ignition system for Patented Oct. 29, 1968 "ice use with an internal combustion engine having breaker points associated therewith for mechanically determining the timing of the initiation of an ingition spark for a cylinder of said engine.
  • the system comprises in combination a source of relatively high frequency electrical energy having continuing duration, means for rapid starting of said high frequency energy under control of said breaker points to reach full amplitude without delay, and means for instantaneously stopping said high frequecy energy after a predetermined time duration commencing with said starting time.
  • the combination is such that optimum spark energy is applied to said engine cylinder irrespective of speed of operation thereof.
  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram including schematically the output connection to a spark plug
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a toroidal type transformer with four windings thereon that is employed as the feedback transformer in the FIG. 1 system;
  • FIG. 3 is a set of voltage characteristic curves illustrating circuit conditions when the breaker points open.
  • this ignition system is shown as applied to the type of internal combustion engine described in the Davis patent mentioned above, i.e., No. 2,960,973.
  • the ignition system shown and described in that patent had the drawbacks mentioned above, including variation of the duration of spark energy depending upon speed of operation of the; engine.
  • variation in the spark duration may be controlled so that it only depends upon speed of the engines operation at high speeds; and so that at low speeds no variation in duration exists since the initiation of each spark energy pulse is time controlled but the duration thereafter is independent of the action of breaker points which initiated such spark.
  • This will be described more fully hereafter, but it may be noted that there is great advantage in the ability to hold the maximum spark duration to an optimum constant at engine speeds down to and including starting speeds where otherwise a continuous spark would burn up the electrical system at one or more points.
  • the system includes an oscillator 11, which in turn includes a feedback transformer 12 and an output transformer 13.
  • the latter has a center tapped primary winding 14 in the oscillator circuit.
  • a distributor 17 that controls the starting of oscillator 11 in a manner to be described below.
  • oscillator 11 On the output side of oscillator 11, i.e., from the secondary of transformer 13 there is a connection as illustrated which leads to a commutator 18 that determines which cylinder of a multi-cylinder engine is having the spark energy applied thereto at a given point in an operating cycle of the engine.
  • commutator 18 determines which cylinder of a multi-cylinder engine is having the spark energy applied thereto at a given point in an operating cycle of the engine.
  • the spark energy is in the form of a high frequency AC potential supplied by the oscillator via its output transformer 13.
  • a saturating winding 23 on the transformer 12.
  • Current flow in this saturating winding 23 is controlled by a set of breaker points 24.
  • Points 24 have the opening and closing thereof controlled mechanically by the lobes on a cam 27 against which rides the follower (not shown) that actuates movement of an arm 28 which carries one of the points 24 thereon and completes an electrical circuit to ground, as indicated.
  • a silicon controlled rectifier 29 Connected electrically across the points 24 there is a silicon controlled rectifier 29 that acts as a shunt for the points 24 when the rectifier is conducting. Triggering of the rectifier 29 to a conductive state is controlled by the illustrated circuit.
  • This includes a capacitor 32 and a resistor 33 connected in series between a control electrode 34 of rectifier 29 and a circuit connection 35, from which there is a direct circuit connection (as shown) to the positive side of a DC potential or battery 38.
  • current fiow through saturating winding 23 may be maintained over the path from the positive terminal of battery 38, either through the rectifier 29 or across the points 24 when they are closed. The path of current flow will be completed to ground in either case.
  • the foregoing path for transformer saturating current flow may be traced as follows. Beginning at the positive side of battery 38, the circuit is completed via a circuit connection 39, and another circuit connection 40 to the circuit connection point 35. Then the circuit continues via a wire 41 to one end of a resistor 42 and from the other end of the resistor over a wire 43 to one end of the winding 23. From the other end of winding 23 the circuit continues over a wire 46 to a circuit connection point 47, and from there there is a parallel pair of circuits via either a wire 48 to one side of the silicon controlled rectifier 29 or via another wire 51 to the fixed one of breaker points 24.
  • the circuit is alternatively completed to ground as shown, i.e., either from the other side of rectifier 29 via a wire 52 to ground or from the fixed one of points 24 via the movable one of the points and the arm 28 to a ground connection 53. It will be observed that with these circuits the Winding 23 will be carrying current (and consequently be causing saturation of transformer 12) whenever the points 24 are closed or the silicon controlled rectifier 29 is conducting.
  • the oscillator 11 that is illustrated is a known circuit, per se, and it includes amont the elements thereof a pair of transistors 56 and 57 that are connected as shown with the collector of each both connected to a point 58 and from there via a wire 59 to ground as illustrated. There is also a connection to the negative side of the battery 38 as shown.
  • each transistor 56 and 57 is connected to one end of a winding 62 and 63 respectively, both of which are located on the transformer 12.
  • the other end of each winding 62 and 63 is connected to a circuit junction point 64 and 65 respectively to which the emitter of each tran- I sistor 56 and 57 respectively is also connected as shown.
  • Power is supplied to the transistors 56 and 57 in common from the battery 38 via a circuit wire 68 which goes to a center tap on winding 14 of the output transformer 13.
  • the ends of winding 14 are each connected via a wire 69 and another wire 70 respectively, to the circuit junction points 64 and 65, again respectively.
  • a feedback connection for providing oscillation includes the circuit which has a resistor 73 connected in series with a feedback winding 74 of the transformer 12. These two elements are connected between the junction points 64 and 65 to provide direct feedback as shown.
  • the transformer 12 As the transformer 12 starts into saturation it demands more and more current which in turn causes a voltage drop across the resistor 73 to in crease and thereby reduce the drive voltage available to the primary, i.e., winding 74 of :the transformer 12. This concurrently is reducing the voltage applied to the base of the conducting one of the transistors 56 or 57, and this trend continues until the available voltage is no longer suflicient to maintain that transistor in a conducting state. When this happens, that transistor cuts off and the energy stored in the inductive components of the circuit causes voltages of opposite polarity to appear. These in turn trigger the other transistor into a conducting state and the oscillator thus reverses itself and goes through a similar cycle with the opposite transistor conducting. Such oscillation will continue so long as the supply voltage is applied. However, as will be more fully pointed out below control of this oscillation may be had by controlling the saturation of transformer 12.
  • a secondary winding 77 has an alternating high voltage signal generated therein that is applied to cause the desired spark at the electrodes of the spark plug 22.
  • the circuit for this output signal is clearly shown schematically and may be traced from a ground connection 78 to one side of the secondary winding 77 via a wire 79.
  • the other side of winding 77 is connected via a circuit wire 80 to a rotor member 83 of the commutator 18.
  • a circuit may be completed from a circuit wire, e.g., wire 85 which leads to a corresponding spark plug, e.g., spark plug 22 illustrated.
  • the circuit from the spark plug to ground is completed in a conventional manner, e.g., via the grounded one of the electrodes in the spark plug 22.
  • Such electrical ground return circuit is indicated by a ground wire connection 86 in the drawing.
  • FIG. 2 merely illustrates in a schematic manner the physical structure for transformer 12.
  • This transfomer is, as explained above, a saturable core device and consequently is constructed with a torodial core structure 90 having the four windings 23, 62, 63 and 74 wound thereon as schematically indicated.
  • a specific example of the actual size of the windings employed with a toroidal transformer for an ignition system according to the invention and the preferred embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, is as follows: winding 23forty-eight turnswire size No. 20 AWG; windings 62 and 63twenty turnswire size No. 22 AWG; winding 74two hundred turns-wire size No. 30 AWG.
  • operation of the ignition system will be described for one firing of a given spark plug in a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine. It will be appreciated that this is substantially duplicated for each firing of successive spark plugs as the commutator moves from one to the next of the plurality of circuits for the given cylinders. Also, it will be understood that timing of the breaker point operation is a matter of mechanical design and adjustment. If desired in particular instances such as with special type internal combustion engines, e.g., a special fuel injection type engine as described in connection with the above mentioned patents; there might be a control of the breaker points with relation to fuel injection rather than strictly from the drive shaft connection as with the standard type internal combustion engine.
  • the time duration for a spark energy pulse may be shorter at higher speeds in direct relationship to the speed of the engine by reason of the timing created by the mechanical actuation of breaker points 24.
  • the oscillator 11 will be cut ofi when breaker points 24 close because of the saturating current which will then flow in winding 23.
  • a clear illustration of one of the benefits of an ignition system according to this invention relates to the starting speed for an internal combustion engine. Such speed is obviously extremely slow and during starting time a system according to the prior art would tend to subject an oscillator, such as that employed here, to extremely long periods of energization such that the transistors would become burned out. On the other hand with a system according to this invention, the spark will remain properly and accurately timed but each spark will only last for the predetermined maximum time that is adequate for ignition but without waste or difliculties.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is advantageous in having an inherent protection against a short circuit on the output circuit for oscillator 11.
  • a short circuit on the output of transformer 13 will cause the oscillator to be unable to achieve oscillation, since the loop gain will not go above unity. Consequently, the oscillating circuit remains shut down under such conditions and no harmful effects are felt.
  • An ignition system for use with an internal combustion engine having breaker points associated therewith for mechanically determining the timing of initiation of an ignition spark for a cylinder of said engine, comprising in combination an oscillator employing electromagnetic feedback,
  • said last named means being under control of said breaker points.
  • said electromagnetic feedback coupling comprises a transformer having a saturable core.
  • said means for saturating said feedback coupling comprises a winding on said saturable core, and a DC energizing circuit for said winding including sad breaker points therein.
  • An ignition system further including electronically controlled shunt means across said breaker points for energizing said winding after a predetermined number of cycles of oscillation of said oscillator.
  • An ignition system for use with an internal combustion engine having breaker points associated therewith for mechanically determining the timing of initiation of ignition spark for a cylinder of said engine, comprising in combination (a) a Jensen type oscillator having a saturable core transformer incorporated therein,
  • an output transformer having an input winding connected to said oscillator and an output winding connected to supply said spark
  • said ignition spark initiation is positive and rapid upon opening of said breaker points and termination is instantaneous upon either closing of said breaker points or conduction of said rectifier which ever occurs first.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US554784A 1966-06-02 1966-06-02 Ignition system for internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US3407795A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US554784A US3407795A (en) 1966-06-02 1966-06-02 Ignition system for internal combustion engines
GB24476/67A GB1143512A (en) 1966-06-02 1967-05-25 Ignition system
CH742967A CH474670A (de) 1966-06-02 1967-05-26 Zündanlage für Brennkraftmotoren
SE7581/67A SE333277B (sv) 1966-06-02 1967-05-30 Taendningssystem foer en foerbraenningsmotor
DE19671639128 DE1639128A1 (de) 1966-06-02 1967-06-01 Zuendanlage fuer Brennkraftmotoren
ES341258A ES341258A1 (es) 1966-06-02 1967-06-01 Un dispositivo de encendido para uso en un motor de combus-tion interna.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US554784A US3407795A (en) 1966-06-02 1966-06-02 Ignition system for internal combustion engines

Publications (1)

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US3407795A true US3407795A (en) 1968-10-29

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US554784A Expired - Lifetime US3407795A (en) 1966-06-02 1966-06-02 Ignition system for internal combustion engines

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US (1) US3407795A (sv)
CH (1) CH474670A (sv)
DE (1) DE1639128A1 (sv)
ES (1) ES341258A1 (sv)
GB (1) GB1143512A (sv)
SE (1) SE333277B (sv)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3599617A (en) * 1969-07-08 1971-08-17 Glenn B Warren Multiple spark system of ignition
US3731143A (en) * 1972-02-25 1973-05-01 Bendix Corp Transistorized ignition system for gas turbine engines
US3749973A (en) * 1970-12-22 1973-07-31 Texaco Inc Continuous wave high frequency ignition system
US3779226A (en) * 1972-03-06 1973-12-18 Texaco Inc High frequency continuous wave ignition system
US3792695A (en) * 1971-10-29 1974-02-19 Texaco Inc Continuous-wave ignition system
US3847129A (en) * 1970-05-18 1974-11-12 Texaco Inc Ignition system utilizing a saturable-core square wave oscillator circuit
US3853106A (en) * 1970-08-27 1974-12-10 Texaco Inc High frequency continuous-wave ignition energy for an internal combustion engine
US3897767A (en) * 1972-11-13 1975-08-05 Edwards Edwin Melville Internal combustion engine ignition
US3910246A (en) * 1973-08-10 1975-10-07 Texaco Inc Continuous-wave high-frequency AC ignition system
US3926165A (en) * 1974-02-11 1975-12-16 Autotronic Controls Corp Multiple spark discharge system
US3961613A (en) * 1971-12-17 1976-06-08 Texaco Inc. Controlled spark-duration ignition system
US4015576A (en) * 1974-04-22 1977-04-05 Junak Edward M Ignition system
US4733646A (en) * 1986-04-30 1988-03-29 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Automotive ignition systems
US5065073A (en) * 1988-11-15 1991-11-12 Frus John R Apparatus and method for providing ignition to a turbine engine
US5148084A (en) * 1988-11-15 1992-09-15 Unison Industries, Inc. Apparatus and method for providing ignition to a turbine engine
US5245252A (en) * 1988-11-15 1993-09-14 Frus John R Apparatus and method for providing ignition to a turbine engine
US5473502A (en) * 1992-09-22 1995-12-05 Simmonds Precision Engine Systems Exciter with an output current multiplier
US5754011A (en) * 1995-07-14 1998-05-19 Unison Industries Limited Partnership Method and apparatus for controllably generating sparks in an ignition system or the like

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5840030B2 (ja) * 1978-09-28 1983-09-02 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 点火装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2976461A (en) * 1959-02-06 1961-03-21 Globe Union Inc Oscillator ignition system
US3018413A (en) * 1960-01-21 1962-01-23 Shurhit Products Inc Transistorized ignition system
US3118115A (en) * 1959-11-20 1964-01-14 Honeywell Regulator Co Paralleled semiconductor inverter power supply
US3172060A (en) * 1961-11-08 1965-03-02 Honeywell Inc Starting circuit for semiconductor inverters
US3175123A (en) * 1960-12-08 1965-03-23 Globe Union Inc Oscillator ignition system
US3200291A (en) * 1961-01-23 1965-08-10 Globe Union Inc Ignition system
US3213320A (en) * 1962-04-05 1965-10-19 Gen Motors Corp Ignition system having a controlled rectifier

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2976461A (en) * 1959-02-06 1961-03-21 Globe Union Inc Oscillator ignition system
US3118115A (en) * 1959-11-20 1964-01-14 Honeywell Regulator Co Paralleled semiconductor inverter power supply
US3018413A (en) * 1960-01-21 1962-01-23 Shurhit Products Inc Transistorized ignition system
US3175123A (en) * 1960-12-08 1965-03-23 Globe Union Inc Oscillator ignition system
US3200291A (en) * 1961-01-23 1965-08-10 Globe Union Inc Ignition system
US3172060A (en) * 1961-11-08 1965-03-02 Honeywell Inc Starting circuit for semiconductor inverters
US3213320A (en) * 1962-04-05 1965-10-19 Gen Motors Corp Ignition system having a controlled rectifier

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3599617A (en) * 1969-07-08 1971-08-17 Glenn B Warren Multiple spark system of ignition
US3847129A (en) * 1970-05-18 1974-11-12 Texaco Inc Ignition system utilizing a saturable-core square wave oscillator circuit
US3853106A (en) * 1970-08-27 1974-12-10 Texaco Inc High frequency continuous-wave ignition energy for an internal combustion engine
US3749973A (en) * 1970-12-22 1973-07-31 Texaco Inc Continuous wave high frequency ignition system
US3792695A (en) * 1971-10-29 1974-02-19 Texaco Inc Continuous-wave ignition system
US3961613A (en) * 1971-12-17 1976-06-08 Texaco Inc. Controlled spark-duration ignition system
US3731143A (en) * 1972-02-25 1973-05-01 Bendix Corp Transistorized ignition system for gas turbine engines
US3779226A (en) * 1972-03-06 1973-12-18 Texaco Inc High frequency continuous wave ignition system
US3897767A (en) * 1972-11-13 1975-08-05 Edwards Edwin Melville Internal combustion engine ignition
US3910246A (en) * 1973-08-10 1975-10-07 Texaco Inc Continuous-wave high-frequency AC ignition system
US3926165A (en) * 1974-02-11 1975-12-16 Autotronic Controls Corp Multiple spark discharge system
US4015576A (en) * 1974-04-22 1977-04-05 Junak Edward M Ignition system
US4733646A (en) * 1986-04-30 1988-03-29 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Automotive ignition systems
US5065073A (en) * 1988-11-15 1991-11-12 Frus John R Apparatus and method for providing ignition to a turbine engine
US5148084A (en) * 1988-11-15 1992-09-15 Unison Industries, Inc. Apparatus and method for providing ignition to a turbine engine
US5245252A (en) * 1988-11-15 1993-09-14 Frus John R Apparatus and method for providing ignition to a turbine engine
US5399942A (en) * 1988-11-15 1995-03-21 Unison Industries Limited Partnership Apparatus and method for providing ignition to a turbine engine
US5561350A (en) * 1988-11-15 1996-10-01 Unison Industries Ignition System for a turbine engine
US5473502A (en) * 1992-09-22 1995-12-05 Simmonds Precision Engine Systems Exciter with an output current multiplier
US5754011A (en) * 1995-07-14 1998-05-19 Unison Industries Limited Partnership Method and apparatus for controllably generating sparks in an ignition system or the like
US6034483A (en) * 1995-07-14 2000-03-07 Unison Industries, Inc. Method for generating and controlling spark plume characteristics
US6353293B1 (en) 1995-07-14 2002-03-05 Unison Industries Method and apparatus for controllably generating sparks in an ignition system or the like
US20020101188A1 (en) * 1995-07-14 2002-08-01 Unison Industries, Inc. Method and apparatus for controllably generating sparks in an ingnition system or the like
US7095181B2 (en) 1995-07-14 2006-08-22 Unsion Industries Method and apparatus for controllably generating sparks in an ignition system or the like

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH474670A (de) 1969-06-30
SE333277B (sv) 1971-03-08
GB1143512A (en) 1969-02-26
ES341258A1 (es) 1968-10-01
DE1639128A1 (de) 1971-01-14

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