US3406889A - Pneumatic nailing machine - Google Patents

Pneumatic nailing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3406889A
US3406889A US562249A US56224966A US3406889A US 3406889 A US3406889 A US 3406889A US 562249 A US562249 A US 562249A US 56224966 A US56224966 A US 56224966A US 3406889 A US3406889 A US 3406889A
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Prior art keywords
valve
piston
chamber
cylinder
nail
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Expired - Lifetime
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US562249A
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English (en)
Inventor
Cast Adolf
Reich Kurt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Karl M Reich Maschinenfabrik GmbH
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Karl M Reich Maschinenfabrik GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/04—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by fluid pressure, e.g. by air pressure
    • B25C1/041—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by fluid pressure, e.g. by air pressure with fixed main cylinder

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pneumatic nailing machine which is provided with a hammering tool consisting of a striking pin or plunger on one end of a percussion piston which may be driven by compressed air within a cylinder which is connected via an air-inlet valve to a compressed-air supply line.
  • This known pneumatic nailing machine has, however, the disadvantage that the compressed-air inlet valve communicates with the main cylinder through thin channels and through the reversing valve, and that therefore the channels leading from the air-inlet valve to the main cylinder cause a considerable flow resistance so that when this valve is opened, it is not possible to produce immediately such a high pressure in the main cylinder that the percussion piston will be sufficiently accelerated for striking the required blows.
  • the present invention employs a pneumatic nailing machine of the type as lirst described herein, and it is a feature of the invention to provide this machine with a compressed-air inlet valve which has a large flow passage and is adapted to be operated by compressed air, with a control valve for controlling the operation of this air-inlet valve via a control channel, and further with a reversing valve which is interposed between two sections of the mentioned control channel.
  • the advantage is attained in accordance with the invention that, when the control valve is opened, the reversing valve will adjust the air-inlet valve so as to cause the percussion piston to strike a succession of blows upon a nail.
  • the reversing valve will be automatically adjusted from its normal position to its reversing position in which it closes the air-inlet valve and thereby causes the percussion piston to be returned to its original inactive position, and that when the piston reaches this inactive position, the reversing valve is again automatically adjusted to its normal position in which it causes the air inlet valve to open and thereby the percussion piston to strike another blow upon the same nail.
  • a reservoir which may be of a conventional type and in which compressed air is accumulated during the power stroke of the percussion piston for the purpose of returning this piston to its original position after each blow be also connected by a channel to the reversing valve for reversing its operating position.
  • the operation of reversing the position of this valve may therefore be effected in a very simple manner by means of the accumulated air pressure in the reservoir and as soon as the pressure in this reservoir has been built up to the required strength for returning the piston.
  • This may be attained, for example, in such a manner that the rear part of the main cylinder chamber behind the piston which is connected with the compressed-air line during the power stroke of the piston is also connected by means of a throttling device, preferably in the form of a check valve, with the front part of the main cylinder chamber which is closed toward the outside during the power stroke of the pistons by the striker pin or plunger which is secured to the piston.
  • a throttling device preferably in the form of a check valve
  • the throttling device may be designed so that the compressed air passing therethrough during each power stroke of the piston will have practically no effect upon the power of the blow, and so that the pressure for returning the piston will only be built up to its required strength in the front part of the cylinder chamber at a time immediately after each impact.
  • the front part of the cylinder chamber may for this purpose be connected to the air reservoir, while the throttling device may be provided in the form of a throttling opening either in the piston or between the piston and the cylinder wall or in the cylinder wall itself.
  • a modification of the invention for effecting the reversal of the reversing value consists in providing an aperture in the wall of the main cylinder which will be opened by the percussion piston during its power stroke so as to permit the compressed air driving the piston to pass therethrough, and in connecting this aperture with the reversing valve for reversing the operating position thereof.
  • This feature may also be combined with one or both of the two other features as described above, for example, in such a manner that the aperture in the wall of the main cylinder serves as a throttle for producing the necessary pressure in the front part of the cylinder chamber or within the chamber serving as an air reservoir, and that these chambers are in communication with the reversing valve.
  • the prior art further discloses a pneumatic nailing machine which is provided with a compressed-air inlet valve the operation of which is also controlled by compressed air and the movable valve member of which is provided with two surfaces of different sizes which face in opposite directions and define two chambers.
  • the chamber which is defined by the smaller surface communicates continuously with the compressed-air supply line, while the other chamber which is defined by the larger surface is adapted to be alternately connected by a control channel and the control valve either with the compressed-air supply line for closing the air-inlet valve or with the outer air for opening the inlet valve.
  • the movable valve member of the control valve may be provided in the form of a piston, a cylindrical slide valve, or a diaphragm.
  • this known pneumatic nailing machine may be modified and further developed in such a manner that the control channel be connected with a chamber which contains the movable valve member of the reversing valve and is provided with two valve ports one of which is connected with a first channel leading to the control valve and the other with a second channel which is connected to a source of compressed air, that the valve member of the reversing valve serves for closing one or the other of these valve parts, and that resilient means, for example, a spring be provided for normally maintaining the valve member in the position in which it closes the valve port leading to the second channel.
  • This second channel may be connected with the compressed-air reservoir and/ or with the aperture in the wall of the main cylinder.
  • Another preferred feature of the invention consists in providing a valve at the front end of the main cylinder in a position so as t-o be acted upon by the percussion piston, it acts upon another piston which then returns the control valve to its inactive position. Consequently, when a nail after repeated blows thereon is completely driven into a workpiece, the control valve will be positively returned to its original inactive position and the operation of the machine will then be terminated.
  • the valve which is thus actuated by the percussion pist-on may consist of an aperture in the main-cylinder wall which is opened by the percussion piston when it arrives in its most forward position so that the ⁇ compressed air in the rear part of the maincylinder chamber will then be supplied to the control valve so as to act upon the piston thereof.
  • the valve may, however, also be one which is mounted at the front end of the main cylinder and is opened by the percussion piston and then supplied compressed air to the piston of the control valve.
  • FIGURE 1a shows a longitudinal section of a pneumatic nailing machine according to the invention in a position in which the air-inlet valve is closed and the percussion piston is in its upper inactive or rest position;
  • FIGURE 1b shows a longitudinal section of the left part of the nailing machine according to FIGURE l, but in a position in which the air-inlet valve is open and the percussion piston has arrived at the end of its power strokes; while FIGURE 2 shows a longitudinal section of a modification of a part of the machine according to FIGURE la.
  • the pneumatic nailing machine comprises a cylindrical housing 1 which is secured at one side to a grip 2 in which a chamber 3 is provided which is connected or adapted to be connected to a compressed-air supply line 10.
  • Housing 1 contains a pair of concentric cylinders 4 and 5 which together with the housing 1 define two concentric annular chambers 6 and 7.
  • the inner cylinder 5 forms a main or working cylinder which encloses a chamber 8 in which a percussion piston 9 with a striker pin or plunger 11 thereon is slidable.
  • the lower ends of the annular chambers 6 and 7 and the chamber 8 of cylinder 5 are closed by a flange on a foot part 14 of the machine which is provided with a central bore 13 and a gasket ring 12 in the wall of this bore for sealing the Same completely when the striker pin 11 is inserted.
  • the striker pin 11 passes into and through this bore 13 and the gasket 12 and then hits upon the head of a nail 16 which has previously been inserted into a nail channel 15 and is held therein by clamping jaws 17 which are disposed within radial slots in the foot 14 and are pressed radially against the nail 16 by a ring 18 of rubber or other resilient material.
  • Nail 16 may be inserted into the nail channel 15 either through its open lower end or the machine may be provided with a nail feeding mechanism 16a of a conventional type which, after one nail has been ejected from the nail channel 15 and the piston with the striker pin 11 has been retracted, will feed another nail into the nail channel for the next nailing operation.
  • nail feeding mechanisms are well known in the art and therefore do not need to be further described in detail.
  • the lower end of the main cylinder 8 which is closed by the flange on the foot 14 contains a buffer 19 of rubber or a similar material for cushioning the impacts of piston 9 at the end of its last power stroke.
  • housing 1 and main cylinder 5 are closed by a cap 21.
  • the upper and lower ends of cylinder 5 are provided with male threads which are screwed into female threads in the foot 14 and the cap 21 so that the end surfaces of housing 1 abut against the flange surfaces of the foot 14 and the cap 21.
  • the upper end of the main cylinder chamber 8 contains a resilient mushroomlike locking member 23 which has a ange 22 on its upper end which is clamped between the upper end surface of cylinder 5 and the bottom of the cap 21. This resilient locking member 23 enters into a socketlike recess 24 in piston 9 when the piston is moved Aback to its upper end position in which it is then resiliently held by its engagement with the locking member 2.3.
  • the outer annular chamber 6 communicates directly with lchamber 3 in grip 2 ⁇ and will therefore always contain compressed air when the nailing machine is connected by thelair supply line to a source of compressed air.
  • the upper lend of this outer annular chamber 6 is defined by an internal flange 25 on housing 1 which abuts against the upper end surface of the outer cylinder 4 which is provided Ywith radial apertures 26 directly underneath the internal-ange 25.
  • the chamber4 which is defined by the upper part of housing 1 and the upper part of the main cylinder 5 coutains a ycylindrical slide valve 27 which is slidable therein in the axial 'direction and has a lower rounded end 28 which, when this valve 27 is in its ⁇ closed position, en- ⁇ gages upon a' resilient gasket ring 29 which rests on an l internal flange 31 of the outer annular cylinder 4 and serves as avalve disk.
  • This internal flange 31 ⁇ engages directly upon the outer surface 32 of a projection on the Iinainl cylinder 5 and thereby completely closes the upper endof the Iannular'chamber 7.
  • the cylindrical outer surface'of slide valve 27 engages upon the cylindrical inner surface of the internal ange 25 which is additionally provided with a gasket ring 33.
  • annular chamber containing the cylindrical slide yvalve 27 is divided by theflatter into three annular chambers' 37, 38, and 39v which lare sealed relative to each other by gasket rings 33, 34, and 35.
  • the annular chamber 37 communicates through the radial apertures 26'in the outer cylinder 4 vwith the outer-an'-k nu'l'ar chamber 6 whichis supplied withcompress'ed air, and when'the valve member 27 is closed, as shown in FIGURE' la, it also closes the annular chamber 37 relativev to the outer annular chamber 6.
  • the annular chamber 37 further communicates through apertures 41 with the partialchamber 42, of the main cylinder chamber 8 which is located behindT piston'9.
  • Slide valve 27 is further pro# vided with radial channels 43 which connect the annular chamber 37 with the annular chamber 38 when slide valve 27 is in its closed'position.
  • Chamber 38 communicates through radial channels ⁇ 44 in 'housing 1 with the outer air.
  • the nannular chamber 39 which is associatedwith the largest' end surface 45 of slide valvev 27 communicates through a control channel 46 with a chamber 47 in the grip '2 in which the valve member 48 ofa reversing valve is located which is generally'indi'cated by the numeral 49.
  • valve member 48 is adapted to close either one ⁇ or'the other of two opposite valve ports 51 and 52.
  • Valve port 51 communicates through a channel 53 with a c'ontrol valve'v 54, which valve port 52 leads to a cylinder chamber S5 in'which a differential piston 56 is slidable which is positively lconnected to the valve member 48 by means of a valve rod 57.
  • the part 58 of chambernSS which contains the valve rod 57 andis provided with the valve port 52 communicates through a channel 59 with the outer annular chamber 6 which always contains compressed air.
  • the upper apertures 63 are normally closed on theA outside by aV resilient rin/g 65 which surrounds vthe cylinder 5 and forms a check valve.
  • valve member 48 of the reversing valve 49 is normally maintained in the position as illustrated in FIGURE 1a, in which the valve port 52 is closed and the control channel 46 communicates with the channel 53 which leads to the control Valve 54.
  • This control valve 54 is provided with a chamber 67 which is connected to the channel 53 and contains a valve member 66 which is adapted to close one or the otherof two opposite valve ports 68 and 69.
  • Valve port 68 leads to the chamber 3 in the grip 2 which is always under air pressure, while valve port 69 leads through a channel 70 to the outer air.
  • the body of grip 2 further contains a bore 71 in which a valve tappet 72 is slidable which passes through the valve port 69 and carries a piston 74 which is slidable within a cylinder chamber 73.
  • the lower end of valve tappet 72 projects downwardly from this chamber 73 and engages at the outside of grip 2 upon a trigger 76 which is pivotable about an aXis 75.
  • valve 78 The part of cylinder chamber 73 facing the valve member 66 communicates through a channel 77 with a valve 78 which is provided at the lower end of the main cylinder chamber 8.
  • Valve member 79 of this valve 78 is normally pressed by a spring 81 upon its valve seat and thereby interrupts the connection between the end of channel 82 in the valve housing 83 with the outer annular chamber 6 whichcontains compressed air.
  • the bottom of valve housing 83 is provided with a bore in which a valve tappet 85 is slidable. The end of this bore facing the main cylinder chamber 8 contains a ball 86 which projects into this chamber 8.
  • the mode of operation of the machine is as follows:
  • valve tappet 72 When trigger 76 is pulled at a time when the percussion piston 9 is held in its retracted position as illustrated in FIGURE la, valve tappet 72 will be pushed upwardly so that the valve member 66 will close the valve port 68. Valve chamber 67, channel 53, chamber 47 of the reversing valve 49, channel 46, and the annular chamber 39 will thereby be vented through channel 70.
  • the latter In order to hold the trigger 76 more easily in its pulled position against the action of the compressed air in the valve port 68 pressing the valve member 66 against the valve tappet 69, the latter is provided with a groove 89 into which a ball 87 will then engage which is acted upon by a spring 88.
  • the reversing valve 49 will be maintained in its normal position as illustrated in FIGURE la by the pressure prevailing in the part 58 of chamber 55.
  • the annular chamber 39 will be connected through the control valve 54 and the channel 70 wit-h the outer air so that the cylindrical slide valve 27 will then be held in the open position as illustrated in FIGURE 1b.
  • compressed air will ow through these apertures into the inner annular chamber 7 which forms an air reservoir.
  • this chamber should be connected with the outside air by an adjustable throttling device so that, after the control valve 54 has been returned to its inactive position, the compressed air will escape from chamber 73 within an adjustable period of time.
  • this adjustable throttling device has been indicated in dotted lines merely in the form of a choke bore 73' of a suitable diameter Which may be determined by tests.
  • this choke bore may also be of a larger diameter, and a setscrew may be provided for adjusting its effective diameter.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates a simpliiied modification of the reversing valve 149.
  • the valve member 148 of this valve is held in its normal position by the action of a spring 156.
  • the valve port 152 which is then closed by the valve member 148 is connected by a channel 162 with the inner annular chamber 7, as shown in FIGURES 1a and lb. Consequently, the compressed air which is stored within the inner annular chamber 7 not only effects the reversal of valve 149 as described with reference to the reversing valve 49 according to FIGURE la, but it also serves at the same time flor closing the tubular valve -member 27.
  • the mode of operation of the apparatus as illustrated in FIGURE 2 is the same as previously described with reference to the apparatus according to FIGURES l'a and lb.
  • control valve 54 is provided with a piston 74 for returning the valve to its neutral position, it is also possible to dispense with this piston 74, in which case the control valve 54 will be returned to its neutral position by the compressed -air pressing upon the valve member 66 and the valve tappet 72 when the trigger 76 is released.
  • Valve 78 which is actuated by the percussion piston 9 when it reaches the lower end of chamber ⁇ 3 may also be connected by a conduit 77 with a nail feeding mechanism, not shown, so as to feed a new nail into the nail channel 15 when valve 78 is opened.
  • a pneumatic nailing machine comprising a main cylinder, a nail channel on one end of said cylinder adapted to receive a nail, a percussion piston having a striker pin thereon and adapted to reciprocate longitudinally Within said cylinder from an inactive position at the rear end of said cylinder for striking repeated blows by means of said striker pin upon said nail in said nail channel until said nail is driven completely into a workpiece, said cylinder having a pressure chamber behind said piston, said pressure chamber having a large inlet opening, an inlet valve movable between a closing position and an opening position for closing and opening said inlet opening, respectively, and having a large owpassage when in its open position, pneumatically actuated means for moving said inlet valve, iirst conduit means for supplying compressed air through said inlet opening to said pressure chamber when said inlet valve is in said open position for driving said piston forwardly from said rear end position, iirst means for venting said pressure chamber when said inlet valve is in its closed position, means for moving said piston
  • said means for moving said reversing valve comprise an actuating cylinder, a differential piston slidable within said actuating cylinder and connected to said reversing valve and having a larger side and a a smaller side, said differential piston dividing said actuating cylinder into two parts, one of said cylinder parts facing said larger piston side being connected with said reservoir and the other cylinder part facing said smaller piston side being connected with said compressed-air supply means so that after each blow of said piston upon said nail the pistoncompressed air from said front part of said main cylinder and said reservoir acts upon said larger piston side to move said reversing valve from its first normal position to its second reversing position so that compressed air then passes from said compressed-air supply means through said first cylinder part and said second conduit part to said pneumatically actuated means so as to move said inlet valve to its closing position and at the same time to vent said pressure chamber through said first venting means so that after each -blow said piston will then be returned by said piston-
  • a conduit for connecting said further valve to said nail feeding mechanism for supplying compressed air thereto for operating the same when said nail has been completely driven by said percussion piston and striker pin from said nail channel into a workpiece.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
US562249A 1965-07-09 1966-07-01 Pneumatic nailing machine Expired - Lifetime US3406889A (en)

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DER0041059 1965-07-09

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US (1) US3406889A (de)
DE (1) DE1503033A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1106678A (de)
NL (1) NL6609529A (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3567098A (en) * 1966-12-23 1971-03-02 Bostitch Div Of Textron Fastener driving apparatus operable under pressure conditions greater than line pressure
US3601007A (en) * 1967-11-24 1971-08-24 Jurgen Korth Pneumatically operated fastener device
US4252261A (en) * 1978-07-14 1981-02-24 Signode Corporation Pneumatic fastener driving tool
US6061901A (en) * 1997-01-31 2000-05-16 Max Co., Ltd. Pneumatic screw punching machine
US20070175945A1 (en) * 2006-01-27 2007-08-02 Basso Industry Corp. Cylinder structure for pneumatic tools
US20080169326A1 (en) * 2005-03-15 2008-07-17 Moeller Larry M Venting Check Valve For Combustion Nailer
US20130082083A1 (en) * 2011-10-03 2013-04-04 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Fastener driving tool with portable pressurized power source
US20220241947A1 (en) * 2020-03-25 2022-08-04 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Powered fastener driver

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1510752A (en) * 1975-02-05 1978-05-17 Haytayan H Pneumatic fastener driving or impacting apparatus
US4784308A (en) * 1986-04-03 1988-11-15 Duo-Fast Corporation Fastener driving tool
TWI321085B (en) * 2006-10-24 2010-03-01 De Poan Pneumatic Corp Air actuated nail driver
TWI317679B (en) * 2006-10-24 2009-12-01 De Poan Pneumatic Corp Air actuated nail driver
CN103112062B (zh) * 2013-03-14 2014-12-24 昆山恒基制刷机械有限公司 一种打钉机的空气送料系统

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2887686A (en) * 1956-04-16 1959-05-26 Fastener Corp Fastener driving apparatus
US2997713A (en) * 1958-10-30 1961-08-29 Edgar J Anstett Pneumatic fastener driving machine
US3023413A (en) * 1960-06-21 1962-03-06 Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co Portable, air-operated, magazine-fed nailing machine

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2887686A (en) * 1956-04-16 1959-05-26 Fastener Corp Fastener driving apparatus
US2997713A (en) * 1958-10-30 1961-08-29 Edgar J Anstett Pneumatic fastener driving machine
US3023413A (en) * 1960-06-21 1962-03-06 Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co Portable, air-operated, magazine-fed nailing machine

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3567098A (en) * 1966-12-23 1971-03-02 Bostitch Div Of Textron Fastener driving apparatus operable under pressure conditions greater than line pressure
US3601007A (en) * 1967-11-24 1971-08-24 Jurgen Korth Pneumatically operated fastener device
US4252261A (en) * 1978-07-14 1981-02-24 Signode Corporation Pneumatic fastener driving tool
US6061901A (en) * 1997-01-31 2000-05-16 Max Co., Ltd. Pneumatic screw punching machine
US20080169326A1 (en) * 2005-03-15 2008-07-17 Moeller Larry M Venting Check Valve For Combustion Nailer
US7591236B2 (en) * 2005-03-15 2009-09-22 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Venting check valve for combustion nailer
US20070175945A1 (en) * 2006-01-27 2007-08-02 Basso Industry Corp. Cylinder structure for pneumatic tools
US20130082083A1 (en) * 2011-10-03 2013-04-04 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Fastener driving tool with portable pressurized power source
US9770818B2 (en) * 2011-10-03 2017-09-26 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Fastener driving tool with portable pressurized power source
US20220241947A1 (en) * 2020-03-25 2022-08-04 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Powered fastener driver
US11833650B2 (en) * 2020-03-25 2023-12-05 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Powered fastener driver
US11975432B2 (en) 2020-03-25 2024-05-07 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Powered fastener driver with lifter

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Publication number Publication date
DE1503033A1 (de) 1969-12-04
GB1106678A (en) 1968-03-20
NL6609529A (de) 1967-01-10

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