US3405740A - Drive and control system for looms - Google Patents

Drive and control system for looms Download PDF

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US3405740A
US3405740A US573723A US57372366A US3405740A US 3405740 A US3405740 A US 3405740A US 573723 A US573723 A US 573723A US 57372366 A US57372366 A US 57372366A US 3405740 A US3405740 A US 3405740A
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contacts
switch
reverse
drive
weft
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Juillard Yves
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Alsacienne de Constructions Mecaniques SA
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Alsacienne de Constructions Mecaniques SA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D51/00—Driving, starting, or stopping arrangements; Automatic stop motions
    • D03D51/02—General arrangements of driving mechanism

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  • This improved system include its greatly increased flexibility and the great ease with which certain components of the loom can be operated in reverse, or backed up in order to remove defective weft threads from the woven fabric and for similar corrective purposes.
  • a related object is to ensure that the performance of such correcting operations with the batten and weft shooting means held stationary, will not impair the correct timing relationship bet-ween the movements of the harness on the one hand, and the batten and weft shooting means on the other, and that the pattern and other characteristics of the weave will not be affected.
  • the invention essentially comprises, in a loom comprising a frame, means feeding warp threads longitudinally of the frame, means supplying weft, cyclically operable Weaving mechanism including shed forming means, transversely reciprocable means for shooting weft through the shed and longitudinally reciprocable batten means including a reed, the provision of a reversibly powerdriven rotatable primary drive member, a first drive member rotatable on the frame and drivingly connected for reciprocating the batten and weft shooting means, a second drive member rotatable on the frame from the powerdriven member and dn'vingly connected to the primary drive member for operating the shed forming means independently of the batten and weft shooting means, and a disengageable drive coupling between the primary and second drive members which is operative in a predetermined relative angular position of the first and second drive members.
  • the loom is thus enabled to operate in the normal manner when the coupling is engaged and the power driver member is rotated in the forward direction, and is also capable of reverse operation for Weave-correcting purposes when the coupling is disengaged and the power driven member is rotated in the reverse direction; at such time the heddles are reciprocated in reverse phase, but the batten and weft shooting means (such as weft picking needles reciprocable on the batten) are held stationary, in a suitable position relative to the frame.
  • weft shooting means such as weft picking needles reciprocable on the batten
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view showing the main components of an improved loom embodying the invention; the loom being of the so-called shuttleless type in which the Weft is shot across the shed in the warp by a pair of cooperating transversely reciprocated needles carried by the batten.
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the loom partly broken away and shown in section on the line IIII of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary elevational view of part of the mechanism including the disengageable coupling in the normal weaving condition.
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 showing the same mechanism during un-weaving or backing up operation.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the electrical control system.
  • the loom schematically illustrated in FIGS. 1 and '2 is of a general type similar to the one described in French Patent 1,290,867 and in my corresponding US. Patent No. 3,159,186, issued on Dec. 1, 1964. Its chief components include a main frame 1, a batten assembly 2 pivoted about a lower horizontal transverse shaft 3, and a reed 4 (FIG. 2) supported by the batten. Also supported from the batten are a piar of weft shooting needles including the weft-inserter needle 6 and the drawing needle 7 which cooperate in conventional manner to shoot a pick of Weft thread through the shed formed in the 'warp threads during the course of each weaving cycle.
  • both other, transversely of the batten with inserter needle 6 engaging at its inner end a portion of weft thread connected to a supply (not shown), and the drawing needle 7 acting to pick up this weft thread from the needle 6 as the two needles meet near the midpoint of the transverse width of the shed, and after this transfer has been made both needles 6 and 7 are moved away from each other so that needle 7 now carries the Weft thread through the remainder of the width of the shed.
  • the reed 4 carried by the batten then acts to press home or beat up this newly shot pick of Weft against the previously Woven weft threads to provide a new increment of woven fabric.
  • Means for actuating the weft shooting needles 6 and 7 are schcmatically shown as including respective linka es 11 (associated with needle 7) and 12 (associated with needle 6). connected for operation from respective cams 13 and 14 mounted on opposite end portions of a crankshaft 15 journalled transversely in frame 1.
  • Crankshaft 15 also acts to impart pivotal reciprocation to the bat en 2 by way of a pair of connecting rods 18-19 having their one ends pivoted to respective arms 18a, 19a projecting from the upper end of the batten and their other ends pivoted to the cranks of shaft 15.
  • a conventional loom harness 21 is shown as including the pair of reversely vertically reciprocating heddles 22 and 23.
  • the means for eciprocating the heddles comprises levers, 24, 25 having their one ends pivoted to the lower ends of the heddles and their other ends pivoted on a common transverse pivot a of the frame 1.
  • the levers 24, 25 are engaged at points intermediate their ends by respective excentric earns 26, 27 secured on a common transverse shaft 28, driven in a manner later described.
  • a warp beam 34 is shown supported on a transverse shaft 34a near the rear end of the loom, and provided with conventional retarding weight means 35.
  • Numeral 31 designates warp threads extending upward from the warp beam 34, over a warp guide roll 32 and warp carrier 33. Beyond or forward of carrier 33, the warp threads are parted in the usual manner to form a shed. That is, alternate warp threads are passed through loops carried by the respective heddles 22 and 23, so as to provide a shed formed by upper and a lower sheets of warp 31 and 31". As the heddles 22, 23 are vertically reciprocated moving in opposite directions, the relationship between the upper and lower sheets 31', 31 reverses during each weaving cycle, thereby reversing the shed.
  • the weft shooting needles 6, 7 operate as indicated above to shoot a pick of weft thread through the shed during each cycle.
  • the batten 2 moves forward so that the reed 4 heats up the newly shot weft thread.
  • there is formed a web of fabric indicated at 37 which is taken up by a conventional take up or reel mechanism designated generally as 38.
  • Driven pulley 48 is large and heavy in order to act as a flywheel.
  • Driven pulley 48 may be termed the primary drive member of the system of the invention.
  • the driven pulley 48 has a tubular hub 48a surrounding the crankshaft 15 and, formed integrally with this hub, is a drive wheel 52.
  • a sprocket chain 53 connects sprocket wheel 52 with a largerdiameter sprocket wheel 50 secured to the transverse shaft 28 which carries the cams 26, 27 operating the needles 22, 23 of harness 21.
  • Shaft 28 may also serve to operate any pattern mechanism, such as weft selector positioning mechanism if provided.
  • the driven pulley 48 and sprocket wheel 52 can be coupled for rotation with and uncoupled from the crankshaft 15 by means of a coupling device designated generally as 54.
  • This includes a disc 51 integrally formed with the hub 48a of pulley 48 coaxially with said pulley and with sprocket 52, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, disc 51 has a notch 57 formed in its periphery.
  • An arcuate pawl member 55 is mounted by means of a pivot 56 on one side of the weft shooting cam 13 which is fast on crankshaft 15 and controls the movement of weft inserter needle 6 as earlier indicated.
  • Pawl 55 has a tooth 55a engageable with the notch 57 and is yieldably urged in rotation about pivot 56 in the direction to effect such engagement by means of a helical tension spring 58 having its ends attached to pins 61 and 62 mounted on cam 13 and on a finger 63 projecting from pawl 55, respectively.
  • Pawl 55 further includes an arcuate extension 55b on its end remote from tooth 55a, the concave surface of said extension being shaped to bear slidably against the cylindrical periphery of disc 51 when the pawl tooth 55a is disengaged from notch 57, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • a stop lever 65 is pivoted on a horizontal transverse pivot 66 on frame 1 and is rotatable between an inactive position shown in full lines in FIG. 3 and an active position shown in FIG. 4. In its idle position (FIG. 3) the free end of stop lever 65 is positioned radially beyond the circular path of travel of the extremity of pawl finger 63, whereas in its active position (FIG. 4) the free end of the stop lever is interposed in the path of travel of said finger 63. Stop 65 is normally retained in its idle position by means of a normally energized electromagnet E1 having its armature connected to the stop lever 65. On deenergization of the electromagnet E1, stop lever 65 is moved to its active position by a helical compression spring 65a.
  • a stationary stop 67 is secured to the frame 1 at a position arcuately spaced somewhat forwardly from the free end of stop lever 65, and at such a radial distance from the axis of shaft 15 that, when pawl tooth 55a is engaged in notch 57 as in FIG. 3, stop 67 is clear of the circumferential path of the extremity of pawl finger 63, whereas when the pawl tooth 55a is disengaged from notch 57 as in FIG; 4, the free end of the finger 63 will engage stop 67.
  • shaft 15 and pulley 48 are rotated by motor 45 in reverse, i.e., counterclockwise as shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, the pawl finger 63 can be interposed and trapped between the movable stop 65 when advanced to its active position, and the fixed stop 67, as shown in FIG, 4.
  • a lockout switch S1 is mounted on the frame and has an actuator member with a roller 71 projecting therefrom towards crankshaft 15, the arrangement being such that when the pawl tooth 55a is out of the notch 57 (the position shown in FIG. 4) the free end of finger 63 can actuate roller 71 to open the normally closed lockout switch S1 as will later be explained.
  • the crankshaft 15 carries a cam disc 73 having smallerand larger-radius parts 73a and 7317, respectively.
  • a normally closed reverse lockout switch S2 is mounted on a switch carrying lever 76 pivoted at 77 to the fixed frame structure.
  • Lever 76 is pivotable between an inactive position shown in FIG. 3 and an active position shown in FIG. 4. In the inactive position of lever 76 the actuator roller 74 of reverse lockout or reverse limiting switch S2 is clear of the path of the periphery of the larger-radius part 73b of cam 73 whereas in the active position of lever 76 switch actuator roller 74 is cammed by part 73b to open the normally-closed reverse operation limiting switch S2.
  • Lever 76 also carries a positioning switch S3, which, in the active (but not the inactive) position of lever 76 is acted on by a camming boss 75 projecting from a side of disc 51 to actuate the switch S3.
  • Lever 76 is retained in its inactive position (FIG. 3) by a normally energized electromagnet E2 whose armature 76a is connected by a link 78 with lever 76.
  • electromagnet E2 When electromagnet E2 is deenergized, biassing means (not shown) move the lever 76 to its active position.
  • both electromagnets E1 and E2 are energized, so that movable stop 65 is held clear of the path of pawl finger 63 and both switches S2 and S3 remain continuously in their nonactuated conditions throughout each revolution of the crankshaft 15.
  • the reversible electric motor 45 is shown connected for energization from a three-phase power supply comprising condoctors 93, 94 and 95.
  • the motor 45 is energized through a reversing type motor controller designated generally as 100.
  • the controller comprises a forward contactor portion 101 and a reverse contactor portion 102.
  • the forward contactor 101 includes an operating magnet 104 having an energizing winding 105.
  • the magnet 104 controls three sets of normally open heavy duty contacts 106, 107 and 108 which supply current to the motor 45 for operation in the forward direction.
  • a set of auxiliary contacts 109 is also controlled by magnet 104. The contacts 109 are closed and opened along with the heavy duty contacts 106, 107 and 108.
  • the reverse contactor 102 includes an operating magnet 110 having an energizing winding 111.
  • the magnet 110 controls three sets of heavy duty contacts 112, 113 and 114 together with a set of auxiliary contacts 115.
  • the auxiliary contacts 109 of forward contactor 101 are connected in multiple with the auxiliary contacts 115 of reverse contactor 102.
  • the motor 45 is of the type which has a brake associated therewith for stopping the motor abruptly when the power is shut off.
  • the brake comprises a brake drum 117 connected to the shaft of motor 45 as indicated diagrammatically by the dashed line 118.
  • a brake shoe 119 is engageable with the drum 117.
  • the brake shoe 119 is carried by a pivoted lever 120 and is yieldingly urged toward its braking position by a tension spring 121.
  • the brake shoe 119 is disengaged from the drum 117 by energization of a solenoid operating winding 123 the armature 124 of which is connected to the lever 120.
  • the winding 123 is energized from a source of low voltage 125 shown illustratively as a grounded battery.
  • a transformer secondary winding may constitute the low voltage source 125, if desired.
  • a circuit from low voltage source 125 extends through the normally closed contacts 126 of a STOP push button 127 and a conductor 128 to the auxiliary contacts 109 and 115 of forward and reverse contactors 101 and 102, respectively.
  • the circuit is extended through a conductor 130 to energize winding 123 and release the brake drum 117.
  • the normally open contacts 131 of a manually operable START push button 132 are arranged to energize the operating winding 134 of a locking relay 135.
  • the contacts 131 are energized from the low voltage source 125 through STOP button contacts 126, conductor 128, normally closed relay contacts 136 of a warp-break relay 137, normally closed contacts 138 of a weft-break relay 139, and contacts 140 of the lockout switch S1.
  • START button 132 energizes the winding 134 of locking relay 135 and closure of its contacts 142 locks the relay in.
  • Closure of contacts 143 of locking relay 135 connects the low voltage source 125 to energize the solenoids E1 and E2.
  • Closure of contacts 144 of locking relay 135 energizes the winding 105 of forward contactor 101 from the low voltage source 125 through normally closed contacts 145 of a weft-break switch 146, normally closed contacts 147 of a warp-break switch 148, conductor 128 and normally closed STOP button contacts 126.
  • the warp-break switch 148 includes a normally open contact 149 connected to energize warp-break relay 137 which holds in through its locking contacts 150.
  • the weft-break switch 146 includes a normally open contact 152 connected to energize the Witt-break relay 139 which holds through its locking contacts 153.
  • a correction relay 154 comprises a pair of normally open control contacts 155 and a pair of locking contacts 156.
  • the relay 154 is controlled by the normally closed and normally open contacts 158 and 159, respectively, of positioning switch S3.
  • the control relay 154 is further associated with a forward jogging button 160 and a reverse jogging button 161.
  • the forward button 160 is provided with normally open contacts 162 and normally closed contacts 163.
  • the reverse button 161 is provided with normally open contacts 164 and normally closed contacts 165.
  • the normally open contacts 164 of reverse button 161 are connected through the contacts 167 of reverse lockout switch S2 to the winding 111 of reverse contactor 110.
  • Switches 148 and 146 are single-pole double-throw loom-actuated switches which respectively control the energization of warp break and weft-break relays 137 and 139. Breakage of any warp or weft yarn, respectively, momentarily actuates switch 148 or 146 to its off-normal position in which the pair of contacts 149 or 152 is closed to energize relay 137 or 139, respectively. Energization of either relay is thereafter maintained through hold contacts 150 or 153.
  • manual start switch 132 is first depressed, thereby completing an energizing circuit for locking relay winding 134 as previously described.
  • Energization of winding 134 closes contacts 144, 142 and 143. Closure of contacts 144 completes an energizing circuit for the forward-drive contactor winding through stop switch 127 and weft yarn-break switches 148 and 146 both in the normal positions shown, now-closed contacts 144 and winding 105. Energization of contactor winding 105 closes its three poles 106, 107 and 108 to apply three-phase power to the motor 45 in the forward sense of rotation.
  • Closure of contacts 142 provides a holding circuit for locking relay 135, and closure of contacts 143 energizes both electromagnets E1, E2 connected in parallel.
  • energization of magnet E1 retracts movable stop 65 clear of the path of pawl finger 63, while energization of magnet E2 retracts lever 76 to withdraw both switches 82, S3 out of the paths of their respective actuating cams 75, 73.
  • energization of forward-drive contactor winding 105 closes auxiliary contacts 109, energizing the brakemagnet 123 to retract brake shoe 119 from brake drum 117.
  • motor 45 rotates in the forward direction and through drive belts 47 rotates the driven pulley 48 and with it coupling disc 51.
  • the notch 57 in the disc moves past pawl tooth 55a the tooth drops into the notch under the bias of spring 58, coupling cam 13 and hence crankshaft 15 with the drive pulley 48.
  • Bodily rotation of the crankshaft 15 with the driven pulley 48 continues in the forward direction to reciprocate the batten 2 and operates the various loom mechanisms as earlier described.
  • manual stop button 127 When it is desired to stop the normal operation of the loom, manual stop button 127 is momentarily depressed, cutting off wire 128 from low voltage supply 125. This deenergizes the locking relay so that contacts 144, 142, 143 are opened. Opening of the locking contact 142 ensures that relay 135 is not reenergized on release of stop switch 127. Opening of contact 144 deenergizes forward-drive contactor winding 105 so that contacts 103, 107, 108 open, cutting off the supply to the motor 45, and auxiliary contacts 109 open, deenergizing the brake electromagnet 123 and applying brake shoe 11-9 to motor brake drum 117. The heavy driven pulley 48 is thus rapidly stopped. The opening of contacts 143 deenergizes both electromagnets E1 and E2 so that levers 65 and 76 are yieldingly moved to their active positions Without any immediate result.
  • the warp-break switch 148 is at least momentarily actuated to open contacts 147 and close contacts 149. Opening of contacts 147 cuts off the flow of current from wire 128 through forward-drive contactor winding 105, thereby stopping and braking the motor 45. Simultaneously closure of contacts 149 energizes warp-break relay 137, which closes hold contacts to maintain the relay 137 energized and opens contacts 136 to deenergize locking relay 135 with the same results as earlier described, including the opening of contacts 144 to prevent reenergization of the forward-drive contactor winding 105 on subsequent return of switch 148 to its initial right-hand position.
  • the yarnbreak switch 148 may return very quickly to its initial or normal condition, in a matter of a few hundreths of a second, since the broken warp yarn may very well tangle up promptly with adjacent yarns and rapidly become taut again.
  • the relays 137, 139, 135, 154 should therefore be of a fast-acting type with a response time of the order of 10 milliseconds.
  • the motor drive contactors such as 101 will generally be much slower acting,
  • Weft break switch 146 is displaced leftwardly to open its contacts 145 and close contacts 152. Opening of 145 deenergizes forward drive contactor 101 and closure of contacts 152 energizes weft-break relay 139, which remains energized due to closure of its hold contacts 153. Contacts 138 are opened, deenergizing locking relay 135, whose contacts 144, 142, 143 open. Opening of contacts 144 prevents reencrgization of forward-drive motor contactor 101 should the weft break switch 146 be quickly returned to its initial position, as would be the case if the weft yarn were to break just after it has been shot through the shed. Again, re-starting the loom after repair of the weft requires preliminary depression of the stop switch 127 to deenergize the weft break relay 139.
  • the nonlocking manual reverse button 161 is then depressed, closing contacts 164 and opening contacts 165. Closure of con.acts 164 energizes reverse drive contactor 102 through the circuit path including closed reverse lockout switch contacts 167 of S2, 164, 155 from the energized relay 154 and the closed contacts of stop switch 127. The reverse drive contacts 112, 113, 114 are thereby closed together with auxiliary contacts 115. Closure of auxiliary contacts energizes the brake magnet 123, thus releasing the motor brake 117, 119. Motor 45 and coupling disc 51 start rotating in the reverse sense (counterclockwise in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4).
  • Cam 13 and crankshaft 15 are temporarily rotated in reverse along with coupling disc 51 since pawl tooth 55a is held in engagement with notch 57 by spring 58. Shortly before the point in the revolution of disc 51 where pawl finger 63 would strike movable stop 65, which is then in its active posi tion, cam boss 75 moves past roller 72 and actuates positioning switch S3 to open contacts 159 and close contacts 158.
  • contacts 159 cuts off the energizing circuit for correction relay 154 whose contacts open and break the energizing circuit of reverse drive contactor 102, so that motor 45 is temporarily deenergized and braked, until contacts 158 close and reestablish a circuit permitting the energization of reverse drive contactor 102 by operation of the reverse button 161 to close its contacts 164.
  • the positioning switch S3 (and its actuating cam 75) has served to stop the driving of pulley 48 in the reverse direction momentarily just ahead of the point where pawl finger 63 strikes stop 65, with the result that finger 63 strikes stop 65 while moving at very low velocity with consequent reduction in the impact applied to the parts involved.
  • Pawl finger 63 acts on roller 71 to open lockout switch S1, thus preventing any possibility of energizing motor 45 for forward drive through inadvertent depression of normal manual start switch 132.
  • pulley 48 As pulley 48 revolves in the reverse direction, it operates through the drive comprising drive sprocket 52, chain 53, driven sprocket 50, cam shaft 28, cams 26-27 and levers 24-25.
  • cam boss 75 again actuates the positioning switch S3, opening contacts 158 and closing contacts 159. This again cuts the energizing circuit for reverse drive contactor 102 and the motor 45 is deenergized and braked, contact 155 being unable to reclose because the energizing circuit of correction relay 154 is interrupted by 9 the open contacts 165 of the depressed reverse plugging switch 161.
  • correction relay 154 On renewed depression of forward button 168, correction relay 154 remains energized through its closed hold contacts 156, while the closed contacts 155 now provide an alternative path for energization of forward drive contactor 101 so that motor 45 resumes its forward rotation.
  • notch 57 is brought into register with pawl tooth 55a while the revolving parts are moving at low speed, and the engagement of the pawl tooth 55a with the notch 57 is effected in a smooth manner.
  • Pawl finger 63 releases switch actuator roller 71 so that lockout switch S1 is restored to its normally closed position. Normal conditions are thus reestablished, and manual start switch 132 can be depressed to resume the normal Weaving process as described above.
  • the parts are positioned as described in the instance first assumed for FIG. 4 and the previously described reverse operation procedure can be followed by successive actuations of the nonlocking reverse switch 161 to effect one or more reverse cycles of the harness and pattern control mechanism operation While the batten and weft-pickers remain stationary, in order to correct any defects in the weft.
  • the invention provides means for permitting imparting reverse rotation, one revoltuion at a time, to the drive pulley driving the loom harness and other weft pattern control mechanism while holding the batten and weftinserting means stationary. After each such reverse revolution, the defective weft can be withdrawn.
  • the positions of the loom components at the instant the first new pick of weft is inserted are identically the same as at the instant the first defective pick of weft was inserted.
  • a loom comprising in combination:
  • cyclically operable weaving mechanism including shed forming means acting on said warp threads
  • weft shooting means carried by the batten means for shooting weft through the sheds
  • a reversible rotatable power-driven member mounted on said frame;
  • a first drive member rotatable on said frame and drive connections therefrom for simultaneously operating said batten means and weft shooting means
  • disengageable coupling means connecting said powerdriven member to drive said second drive member, said coupling means being engageable and disengageable in predetermined relative angular positions of said drive members with respect to said frame and wherein the shed is open, said reed means is remote from the fell of the fabric and said weft shooting means is clear of the shed;
  • an electric circuit comprising a reversible motor connected to drive said power-driven member
  • manually actuable circuit means including switch means controlled by said second drive member for operating said motor to cause a single complete revolution of said second drive member in the reverse direction with said first drive member stationary in said predetermined position, said single revolution being accompanied by a single shed-forming operation of said shed-forming means whereby a previously woven weft thread is released.
  • said releasable means comprises a pawl pivoted to the other coupling member and having a tooth engageable with said notch to connect said first and second coupling members for rotation in unison;
  • said releasing means comprises:
  • a displaceable stop on said frame which, when displaced from an inactive to an active position, is engaged by said projection thereby disengaging said tooth and stopping said first drive member in said predetermined angular position with respect to said frame.
  • said manually actuable circuit means comprises first manually operable control means connected to said contactor means for causing continuous forward rotation of said power-driven member with said coupling means engaged during normal weaving operations and separate self-releasing second manually operable control means connected to said contactor means for causing limited forward rotation of said power-driven member during weave-correcting operations.
  • a drive control for a loom having a shedding mechanism operatively connected to a first shaft, means including batten means operatively connected to a second shaft; clutch means between said first shaft and said second shaft, means for automatically disengaging said clutch means upon rotation of said first shaft from a predetermined angular position in reverse direction; and a reversible electric motor for rotating said first shaft, said drive control comprising forward contactor means for causing forward running of said motor; reverse contactor means for causing reverse running of said motor; circuit means for interrupting the energizing circuit of said forward contactor means in response to weaving irregularities; an auxiliary relay having a holding circuit and a normally open contact arranged when closed to complete the energizing circuit of said reverse contactor means; a cam controlled two contact switch shiftable between a first position in which one of its contacts bridges said auxiliary relay contact and a second position in which its other contact completes the energizing circuit of said auxiliary relay as well as said holding circuit thereof; resilient means for urging said cam controlled switch towards said
  • a drive control for a loom having a first rotatable shaft, a shedding mechanism operatively connected to said first shaft; a second rotatable shaft; a plurality of individual mechanisms including batten means operatively connected to said second shaft; a clutch releasably interconnecting said first shaft and said second shaft; a reversible electric motor for selectively rotating said first shaft in the forward direction for normal motion of the loom or in the reverse direction for reverse motion of said shedding mechanism; drive control means for automatically disengaging said clutch as said first shaft rotates into a predetermined angular position thereof in said reverse direction, said drive control means comprising a control circuit connected to a current source and including a plurality of parallel branches connected together at each end, a forward contactor in a first one of said brances effective when energized to cause said motor to rotate said first shaft in said forward direction; a reverse contactor in a second branch effective when energized to cause said motor to rotate said first shaft in said reverse direction; a first contact in said first branch
  • a drive control further comprising a connection extending from a point of said first branch between said first contact and said forward contactor to a point of said second branch between said second contact and said fourth contact; a further manually actuated switch movable between a normal position in which it interrupts said connection and completes said fourth branch and an actuatetd position in which it completes said connection and interrupts said fourth branch, said further switch being effective when moved to said actuated position thereof to cause energization of said forward contactor as long as said second contact is closed, a normally closed fifth contact in said second branch in series with said reverse contactor; a second movable actuating member associated with said fifth contact; and a cam disc connected for rotation with said second shaft and engageable with said second actuating member so as to cause the latter to open said fifth contact when both said first and second shafts are in an angular position remote from said predetermined angular position of said first shaft.
  • a drive control comprising a reversible electric motor for normally rotating said first shaft in a forward direction; disengageable means for coupling said second shaft to said first shaft for rotation therewith; stop means movable between an inactive position and an active position in which it becomes engageable with said coupling means at a predetermined angular position of said first shaft to cause disengagement of said coupling means during reverse rotation of said drive shafts, said second shaft thereupon remaining stationary; an electrical circuit including electromagnetically actuated means for automatically stopping forward rotation of said motor and simultaneously moving said stop means into said active position in response to weaving irregularities; and manually controllable electromagnetically actuated means for causing said motor after said automatic stopping thereof and with said clutch means disengaged, to rotate said first shaft in said reverse direction with said second shaft maintaining said lay withdrawn from the fell of the fabric being woven by said loom to permit the manual removal of individual weft
  • a loom according to claim 8 further comprising cam-actuated switch means connected to said manually controllable means; and in which manually operable nonlocking switch means are included in said manually controllable means, said cam-actuated means being driven by said motor and limiting reverse rotation of said first shaft to a predetermined angular displacement corresponding to a single shed reversal by said shedding mechanism in response to a single continuous actuation of said nonlocking switch means, said shedding mechanism being positioned by said cam-actuated switch means to permit removal of an individual weft thread after each continuous actuation of said nonlocking switch means.

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Description

Oct. 15, 1968 JUILLARD DRIVE AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR LOOMS Original Filed Sept. 15, 196A 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct, 15, 1968 Y. JUILLARD 3,405,740
DRIVE AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR LOOMS Original Filed Sept. 15, 1964 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 1 m I "3 we I J -W-F s: l 5
:w 1 NJ:
Yl/[S JU/ZZ/IR Oct. 15, 1968 Y. JUILLARD 3,405,740
DRIVE AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR LOOMS Original Filed Sept. 15. 1964 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 FIGS Oct. 15, 1968 Y. JUILLARD DRIVE AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR LOOMS 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR YVES JU/LLARD wmmvkmok Original Filed Sept. 15, 1964 United States Patent m 3,405,740 DRIVE AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR LOOMS Yves Juillard, Mulhouse, Haut-Rhin, France, assignor to Societe Alsacienne de Constructions Mecaniques, Mulhouse, Haut-Rhin, France, a company of France Continuation of application Ser. No. 396,611, Sept. 15, 1964. This application Aug. 19, 1966, Ser. No. 573,723 Claims priority, applicgatioir grancc, Sept. 20, 1963,
9 Claims. ((21. 139-1 ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Prior applications This application is a continuation of my prior application Ser. No. 396,611, filed Sept. 15, 1964, now abandoned.
It is the general object of this invention to provide an improved system for driving the various components of a loom, and for controlling the movements thereof. Features of this improved system include its greatly increased flexibility and the great ease with which certain components of the loom can be operated in reverse, or backed up in order to remove defective weft threads from the woven fabric and for similar corrective purposes. It is a specific object of the invention to provide a loom drive system in which the drive connections for the harness means and heddles serving to part the warp into a shed at each weaving cycle, can be effectively disengaged from the drive connections for the batten and weft shooting means serving to shoot a pick of weft through the shed at each cycle and beat the weft up into the warp, when such disengagement is desired.
This makes it possible to operate the heddles in reverse while the batten and Weft shooting means remain stationary, as for releasing a defective pick of weft previously woven into the fabric. A related object is to ensure that the performance of such correcting operations with the batten and weft shooting means held stationary, will not impair the correct timing relationship bet-ween the movements of the harness on the one hand, and the batten and weft shooting means on the other, and that the pattern and other characteristics of the weave will not be affected.
The invention essentially comprises, in a loom comprising a frame, means feeding warp threads longitudinally of the frame, means supplying weft, cyclically operable Weaving mechanism including shed forming means, transversely reciprocable means for shooting weft through the shed and longitudinally reciprocable batten means including a reed, the provision of a reversibly powerdriven rotatable primary drive member, a first drive member rotatable on the frame and drivingly connected for reciprocating the batten and weft shooting means, a second drive member rotatable on the frame from the powerdriven member and dn'vingly connected to the primary drive member for operating the shed forming means independently of the batten and weft shooting means, and a disengageable drive coupling between the primary and second drive members which is operative in a predetermined relative angular position of the first and second drive members.
3,405,740 Patented Oct. 15, 1968 The loom is thus enabled to operate in the normal manner when the coupling is engaged and the power driver member is rotated in the forward direction, and is also capable of reverse operation for Weave-correcting purposes when the coupling is disengaged and the power driven member is rotated in the reverse direction; at such time the heddles are reciprocated in reverse phase, but the batten and weft shooting means (such as weft picking needles reciprocable on the batten) are held stationary, in a suitable position relative to the frame.
The various objects, features and advantages of the invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment selected by way of illustration but not of limitation and shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view showing the main components of an improved loom embodying the invention; the loom being of the so-called shuttleless type in which the Weft is shot across the shed in the warp by a pair of cooperating transversely reciprocated needles carried by the batten.
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the loom partly broken away and shown in section on the line IIII of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary elevational view of part of the mechanism including the disengageable coupling in the normal weaving condition.
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 showing the same mechanism during un-weaving or backing up operation; and
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the electrical control system.
The loom schematically illustrated in FIGS. 1 and '2 is of a general type similar to the one described in French Patent 1,290,867 and in my corresponding US. Patent No. 3,159,186, issued on Dec. 1, 1964. Its chief components include a main frame 1, a batten assembly 2 pivoted about a lower horizontal transverse shaft 3, and a reed 4 (FIG. 2) supported by the batten. Also supported from the batten are a piar of weft shooting needles including the weft-inserter needle 6 and the drawing needle 7 which cooperate in conventional manner to shoot a pick of Weft thread through the shed formed in the 'warp threads during the course of each weaving cycle. As described in greater detail in the above noted pat ents, both other, transversely of the batten, with inserter needle 6 engaging at its inner end a portion of weft thread connected to a supply (not shown), and the drawing needle 7 acting to pick up this weft thread from the needle 6 as the two needles meet near the midpoint of the transverse width of the shed, and after this transfer has been made both needles 6 and 7 are moved away from each other so that needle 7 now carries the Weft thread through the remainder of the width of the shed. The reed 4 carried by the batten then acts to press home or beat up this newly shot pick of Weft against the previously Woven weft threads to provide a new increment of woven fabric.
Means for actuating the weft shooting needles 6 and 7 are schcmatically shown as including respective linka es 11 (associated with needle 7) and 12 (associated with needle 6). connected for operation from respective cams 13 and 14 mounted on opposite end portions of a crankshaft 15 journalled transversely in frame 1. Crankshaft 15 also acts to impart pivotal reciprocation to the bat en 2 by way of a pair of connecting rods 18-19 having their one ends pivoted to respective arms 18a, 19a projecting from the upper end of the batten and their other ends pivoted to the cranks of shaft 15.
A conventional loom harness 21 is shown as including the pair of reversely vertically reciprocating heddles 22 and 23. The means for eciprocating the heddles comprises levers, 24, 25 having their one ends pivoted to the lower ends of the heddles and their other ends pivoted on a common transverse pivot a of the frame 1. The levers 24, 25 are engaged at points intermediate their ends by respective excentric earns 26, 27 secured on a common transverse shaft 28, driven in a manner later described.
A warp beam 34 is shown supported on a transverse shaft 34a near the rear end of the loom, and provided with conventional retarding weight means 35. Numeral 31 designates warp threads extending upward from the warp beam 34, over a warp guide roll 32 and warp carrier 33. Beyond or forward of carrier 33, the warp threads are parted in the usual manner to form a shed. That is, alternate warp threads are passed through loops carried by the respective heddles 22 and 23, so as to provide a shed formed by upper and a lower sheets of warp 31 and 31". As the heddles 22, 23 are vertically reciprocated moving in opposite directions, the relationship between the upper and lower sheets 31', 31 reverses during each weaving cycle, thereby reversing the shed. Forwardly of the heddles, the weft shooting needles 6, 7 operate as indicated above to shoot a pick of weft thread through the shed during each cycle. Before the shed is reversed by the movement of the heddles the batten 2 moves forward so that the reed 4 heats up the newly shot weft thread. In this way, there is formed a web of fabric indicated at 37, which is taken up by a conventional take up or reel mechanism designated generally as 38.
A reversible electric motor shown as separately mounted near the input end of the loom and carries a drive pulley 46 connected by twin belts 47 with a larger diameter driven pulley 48 mounted for free rotation on one laterally projecting end of crankshaft 15. Driven pulley 48 is large and heavy in order to act as a flywheel. Driven pulley 48 may be termed the primary drive member of the system of the invention. The driven pulley 48 has a tubular hub 48a surrounding the crankshaft 15 and, formed integrally with this hub, is a drive wheel 52. A sprocket chain 53 connects sprocket wheel 52 with a largerdiameter sprocket wheel 50 secured to the transverse shaft 28 which carries the cams 26, 27 operating the needles 22, 23 of harness 21. Shaft 28 may also serve to operate any pattern mechanism, such as weft selector positioning mechanism if provided.
The driven pulley 48 and sprocket wheel 52 can be coupled for rotation with and uncoupled from the crankshaft 15 by means of a coupling device designated generally as 54. This includes a disc 51 integrally formed with the hub 48a of pulley 48 coaxially with said pulley and with sprocket 52, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, disc 51 has a notch 57 formed in its periphery. An arcuate pawl member 55 is mounted by means of a pivot 56 on one side of the weft shooting cam 13 which is fast on crankshaft 15 and controls the movement of weft inserter needle 6 as earlier indicated. Pawl 55 has a tooth 55a engageable with the notch 57 and is yieldably urged in rotation about pivot 56 in the direction to effect such engagement by means of a helical tension spring 58 having its ends attached to pins 61 and 62 mounted on cam 13 and on a finger 63 projecting from pawl 55, respectively. Pawl 55 further includes an arcuate extension 55b on its end remote from tooth 55a, the concave surface of said extension being shaped to bear slidably against the cylindrical periphery of disc 51 when the pawl tooth 55a is disengaged from notch 57, as shown in FIG. 4.
A stop lever 65 is pivoted on a horizontal transverse pivot 66 on frame 1 and is rotatable between an inactive position shown in full lines in FIG. 3 and an active position shown in FIG. 4. In its idle position (FIG. 3) the free end of stop lever 65 is positioned radially beyond the circular path of travel of the extremity of pawl finger 63, whereas in its active position (FIG. 4) the free end of the stop lever is interposed in the path of travel of said finger 63. Stop 65 is normally retained in its idle position by means of a normally energized electromagnet E1 having its armature connected to the stop lever 65. On deenergization of the electromagnet E1, stop lever 65 is moved to its active position by a helical compression spring 65a.
A stationary stop 67 is secured to the frame 1 at a position arcuately spaced somewhat forwardly from the free end of stop lever 65, and at such a radial distance from the axis of shaft 15 that, when pawl tooth 55a is engaged in notch 57 as in FIG. 3, stop 67 is clear of the circumferential path of the extremity of pawl finger 63, whereas when the pawl tooth 55a is disengaged from notch 57 as in FIG; 4, the free end of the finger 63 will engage stop 67. As will appear later, when shaft 15 and pulley 48 are rotated by motor 45 in reverse, i.e., counterclockwise as shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, the pawl finger 63 can be interposed and trapped between the movable stop 65 when advanced to its active position, and the fixed stop 67, as shown in FIG, 4.
A lockout switch S1 is mounted on the frame and has an actuator member with a roller 71 projecting therefrom towards crankshaft 15, the arrangement being such that when the pawl tooth 55a is out of the notch 57 (the position shown in FIG. 4) the free end of finger 63 can actuate roller 71 to open the normally closed lockout switch S1 as will later be explained.
The crankshaft 15 carries a cam disc 73 having smallerand larger-radius parts 73a and 7317, respectively. A normally closed reverse lockout switch S2 is mounted on a switch carrying lever 76 pivoted at 77 to the fixed frame structure. Lever 76 is pivotable between an inactive position shown in FIG. 3 and an active position shown in FIG. 4. In the inactive position of lever 76 the actuator roller 74 of reverse lockout or reverse limiting switch S2 is clear of the path of the periphery of the larger-radius part 73b of cam 73 whereas in the active position of lever 76 switch actuator roller 74 is cammed by part 73b to open the normally-closed reverse operation limiting switch S2. Lever 76 also carries a positioning switch S3, which, in the active (but not the inactive) position of lever 76 is acted on by a camming boss 75 projecting from a side of disc 51 to actuate the switch S3.
Lever 76 is retained in its inactive position (FIG. 3) by a normally energized electromagnet E2 whose armature 76a is connected by a link 78 with lever 76. When electromagnet E2 is deenergized, biassing means (not shown) move the lever 76 to its active position.
In normal operation of the loom, both electromagnets E1 and E2 are energized, so that movable stop 65 is held clear of the path of pawl finger 63 and both switches S2 and S3 remain continuously in their nonactuated conditions throughout each revolution of the crankshaft 15.
In the electrical control circuit of FIG, 5, the reversible electric motor 45 is shown connected for energization from a three-phase power supply comprising condoctors 93, 94 and 95. The motor 45 is energized through a reversing type motor controller designated generally as 100. The controller comprises a forward contactor portion 101 and a reverse contactor portion 102.
The forward contactor 101 includes an operating magnet 104 having an energizing winding 105. The magnet 104 controls three sets of normally open heavy duty contacts 106, 107 and 108 which supply current to the motor 45 for operation in the forward direction. A set of auxiliary contacts 109 is also controlled by magnet 104. The contacts 109 are closed and opened along with the heavy duty contacts 106, 107 and 108.
The reverse contactor 102 includes an operating magnet 110 having an energizing winding 111. The magnet 110 controls three sets of heavy duty contacts 112, 113 and 114 together with a set of auxiliary contacts 115. The auxiliary contacts 109 of forward contactor 101 are connected in multiple with the auxiliary contacts 115 of reverse contactor 102.
The motor 45 is of the type which has a brake associated therewith for stopping the motor abruptly when the power is shut off. The brake comprises a brake drum 117 connected to the shaft of motor 45 as indicated diagrammatically by the dashed line 118. A brake shoe 119 is engageable with the drum 117. The brake shoe 119 is carried by a pivoted lever 120 and is yieldingly urged toward its braking position by a tension spring 121. The brake shoe 119 is disengaged from the drum 117 by energization of a solenoid operating winding 123 the armature 124 of which is connected to the lever 120. The winding 123 is energized from a source of low voltage 125 shown illustratively as a grounded battery. A transformer secondary winding may constitute the low voltage source 125, if desired. A circuit from low voltage source 125 extends through the normally closed contacts 126 of a STOP push button 127 and a conductor 128 to the auxiliary contacts 109 and 115 of forward and reverse contactors 101 and 102, respectively. When either of contactors 101 or 102 is energized to operate the motor 45, the circuit is extended through a conductor 130 to energize winding 123 and release the brake drum 117.
The normally open contacts 131 of a manually operable START push button 132 are arranged to energize the operating winding 134 of a locking relay 135. The contacts 131 are energized from the low voltage source 125 through STOP button contacts 126, conductor 128, normally closed relay contacts 136 of a warp-break relay 137, normally closed contacts 138 of a weft-break relay 139, and contacts 140 of the lockout switch S1. When all of these contacts are closed, as shown, operation of START button 132 energizes the winding 134 of locking relay 135 and closure of its contacts 142 locks the relay in.
Closure of contacts 143 of locking relay 135 connects the low voltage source 125 to energize the solenoids E1 and E2. Closure of contacts 144 of locking relay 135 energizes the winding 105 of forward contactor 101 from the low voltage source 125 through normally closed contacts 145 of a weft-break switch 146, normally closed contacts 147 of a warp-break switch 148, conductor 128 and normally closed STOP button contacts 126. The warp-break switch 148 includes a normally open contact 149 connected to energize warp-break relay 137 which holds in through its locking contacts 150.
The weft-break switch 146 includes a normally open contact 152 connected to energize the Witt-break relay 139 which holds through its locking contacts 153.
A correction relay 154 comprises a pair of normally open control contacts 155 and a pair of locking contacts 156. The relay 154 is controlled by the normally closed and normally open contacts 158 and 159, respectively, of positioning switch S3. The control relay 154 is further associated with a forward jogging button 160 and a reverse jogging button 161. The forward button 160 is provided with normally open contacts 162 and normally closed contacts 163. Similarly, the reverse button 161 is provided with normally open contacts 164 and normally closed contacts 165. The normally open contacts 164 of reverse button 161 are connected through the contacts 167 of reverse lockout switch S2 to the winding 111 of reverse contactor 110.
Switches 148 and 146 are single-pole double-throw loom-actuated switches which respectively control the energization of warp break and weft- break relays 137 and 139. Breakage of any warp or weft yarn, respectively, momentarily actuates switch 148 or 146 to its off-normal position in which the pair of contacts 149 or 152 is closed to energize relay 137 or 139, respectively. Energization of either relay is thereafter maintained through hold contacts 150 or 153.
To start the loom into normal operation, wherein motor 45 must revolve in the forward direction, manual start switch 132 is first depressed, thereby completing an energizing circuit for locking relay winding 134 as previously described.
Energization of winding 134 closes contacts 144, 142 and 143. Closure of contacts 144 completes an energizing circuit for the forward-drive contactor winding through stop switch 127 and weft yarn- break switches 148 and 146 both in the normal positions shown, now-closed contacts 144 and winding 105. Energization of contactor winding 105 closes its three poles 106, 107 and 108 to apply three-phase power to the motor 45 in the forward sense of rotation.
Closure of contacts 142 provides a holding circuit for locking relay 135, and closure of contacts 143 energizes both electromagnets E1, E2 connected in parallel. As earlier explained, energization of magnet E1 retracts movable stop 65 clear of the path of pawl finger 63, while energization of magnet E2 retracts lever 76 to withdraw both switches 82, S3 out of the paths of their respective actuating cams 75, 73. As earlier noted, energization of forward-drive contactor winding 105 closes auxiliary contacts 109, energizing the brakemagnet 123 to retract brake shoe 119 from brake drum 117.
In these conditions, motor 45 rotates in the forward direction and through drive belts 47 rotates the driven pulley 48 and with it coupling disc 51. As soon as the notch 57 in the disc moves past pawl tooth 55a the tooth drops into the notch under the bias of spring 58, coupling cam 13 and hence crankshaft 15 with the drive pulley 48. Bodily rotation of the crankshaft 15 with the driven pulley 48 continues in the forward direction to reciprocate the batten 2 and operates the various loom mechanisms as earlier described.
When it is desired to stop the normal operation of the loom, manual stop button 127 is momentarily depressed, cutting off wire 128 from low voltage supply 125. This deenergizes the locking relay so that contacts 144, 142, 143 are opened. Opening of the locking contact 142 ensures that relay 135 is not reenergized on release of stop switch 127. Opening of contact 144 deenergizes forward-drive contactor winding 105 so that contacts 103, 107, 108 open, cutting off the supply to the motor 45, and auxiliary contacts 109 open, deenergizing the brake electromagnet 123 and applying brake shoe 11-9 to motor brake drum 117. The heavy driven pulley 48 is thus rapidly stopped. The opening of contacts 143 deenergizes both electromagnets E1 and E2 so that levers 65 and 76 are yieldingly moved to their active positions Without any immediate result.
If during the normal operation of the loom, a break occurs in a Warp thread, the warp-break switch 148 is at least momentarily actuated to open contacts 147 and close contacts 149. Opening of contacts 147 cuts off the flow of current from wire 128 through forward-drive contactor winding 105, thereby stopping and braking the motor 45. Simultaneously closure of contacts 149 energizes warp-break relay 137, which closes hold contacts to maintain the relay 137 energized and opens contacts 136 to deenergize locking relay 135 with the same results as earlier described, including the opening of contacts 144 to prevent reenergization of the forward-drive contactor winding 105 on subsequent return of switch 148 to its initial right-hand position.
It should be noted, in this connection, that the yarnbreak switch 148 may return very quickly to its initial or normal condition, in a matter of a few hundreths of a second, since the broken warp yarn may very well tangle up promptly with adjacent yarns and rapidly become taut again. The relays 137, 139, 135, 154 should therefore be of a fast-acting type with a response time of the order of 10 milliseconds. The motor drive contactors such as 101 will generally be much slower acting,
7 tacts 136. Thereafter, operation of start switch 132 will energize locking relay winding 134 and close contacts 144, whereupon the forward rotation of motor 45 will be resumed.
A generally similar sequence of events occurs in the case of weft breakage. Weft break switch 146 is displaced leftwardly to open its contacts 145 and close contacts 152. Opening of 145 deenergizes forward drive contactor 101 and closure of contacts 152 energizes weft-break relay 139, which remains energized due to closure of its hold contacts 153. Contacts 138 are opened, deenergizing locking relay 135, whose contacts 144, 142, 143 open. Opening of contacts 144 prevents reencrgization of forward-drive motor contactor 101 should the weft break switch 146 be quickly returned to its initial position, as would be the case if the weft yarn were to break just after it has been shot through the shed. Again, re-starting the loom after repair of the weft requires preliminary depression of the stop switch 127 to deenergize the weft break relay 139.
In accordance with the invention, in the case of breakage or other defect in the weft thread, it is possible to operate the motor 145 in revere, so as to back up the harness and heddles without moving the batten and weftpicking needles, thereby enabling one or more defective Referring to FIG. 3, it is first indicated that the purpose of the cam 73 secured to crankshaft 15, and the reverse operation lockout switch S2 cooperating with that cam, is to prevent backing up operations from being initiated whenever the crankshaft has happened to stop within an unfavourable range of angular positions, more precisel a range of angular positions such that the batten 2 is positioned at a relatively advanced point in its forward reciprocating stroke, weft picking needles 6, 7 are not fully withdrawn out of the shed, and heddles 22, 23 are not appreciably displaced with respect to each other so that the shed is relatively closed. If this is the case, then the larger-radius sector 73b of cam 73 is positioned to engage the actuator roller 74 of reverse lockout switch S2 (it must be recalled that, in the stationary condition of the loom, the electromagnet E2 is deenergized so that lever 76 moves into its active position). This situation will be dealt with later.
There will first be considered the situation in case of weft breakage where the crankshaft has come to a stop in its reversible range of angular positions, for instance as indicated in FIG. 4. In this case the smallerradius sector 73a of cam 73 is presented to the limiting switch S2. The probability of thread breakage is greater in the reversible open shed portion of the weaving cycle than in the closed shed portion because of the greater stresses which are then applied to the threads when the shed is open.
It will be recalled that the thread breakage stopping of motor is accompanied by deenergization of the locking relay 135, so that contacts 144, 142, contacts 143 are open. Opening of 143 has deenergized both electromagnets E1, E2 so that stop lever 65 is rotated to its active position and lever 76 is simultaneously rotated to its active position (see FIG. 4). Lockout switch S1 is still in its normally closed position (FIG. 3) and reverse lockout switch S2 is also in its normally closed position under these conditions. If the crankshaft 15 has come to rest in the angular position shown in FIG. 3, but with the lever 76 in its active position, cam boss 75 engages actuator roller 72, so that the single-revolution or positioning switch S3 is in its actuated position in which contacts 158 are open and 159 closed. The closure of contacts 159 will energize correction relay 154, through 163, 165, 159 and stop switch 127. This energization is maintained by the holding contacts 156, through contacts 159 and 126.
The nonlocking manual reverse button 161 is then depressed, closing contacts 164 and opening contacts 165. Closure of con.acts 164 energizes reverse drive contactor 102 through the circuit path including closed reverse lockout switch contacts 167 of S2, 164, 155 from the energized relay 154 and the closed contacts of stop switch 127. The reverse drive contacts 112, 113, 114 are thereby closed together with auxiliary contacts 115. Closure of auxiliary contacts energizes the brake magnet 123, thus releasing the motor brake 117, 119. Motor 45 and coupling disc 51 start rotating in the reverse sense (counterclockwise in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4). Cam 13 and crankshaft 15 are temporarily rotated in reverse along with coupling disc 51 since pawl tooth 55a is held in engagement with notch 57 by spring 58. Shortly before the point in the revolution of disc 51 where pawl finger 63 would strike movable stop 65, which is then in its active posi tion, cam boss 75 moves past roller 72 and actuates positioning switch S3 to open contacts 159 and close contacts 158. The opening of contacts 159 cuts off the energizing circuit for correction relay 154 whose contacts open and break the energizing circuit of reverse drive contactor 102, so that motor 45 is temporarily deenergized and braked, until contacts 158 close and reestablish a circuit permitting the energization of reverse drive contactor 102 by operation of the reverse button 161 to close its contacts 164.
The motor 45 is now again set into reverse rotation. Shortly thereafter, pawl finger 63 strikes the movable stop 65. Cam plate 13, and hence crankshaft 15, can therefore revolve no further whereas disc 51 continues its reverse rotation; pawl 55 is rotated about pivot 56 against the yielding action of spring 58 so as to disengage its tooth 55a from notch 57 and assume the position shown in FIG. 4.
It will be understood that in the above described operation, the positioning switch S3 (and its actuating cam 75) has served to stop the driving of pulley 48 in the reverse direction momentarily just ahead of the point where pawl finger 63 strikes stop 65, with the result that finger 63 strikes stop 65 while moving at very low velocity with consequent reduction in the impact applied to the parts involved.
The reverse rotation of disc 51 continues while cam 13 and crankshaft 15 remain stationary with pawl tooth 55a and extension 55b both riding the periphery of revolving disc 51, and pawl finger 63 trapped between stops 65 and 67. The position of movable stop 65 is such that the angular position in which crankshaft 15 is thus arrested by pawl finger 63 striking movable stop 65 is the position in which the shed is open, the batten being stopped with the reed away from the feel of the fabric and weftshooting needles 6, 7 being positioned clear of the shed.
Pawl finger 63 acts on roller 71 to open lockout switch S1, thus preventing any possibility of energizing motor 45 for forward drive through inadvertent depression of normal manual start switch 132.
As pulley 48 revolves in the reverse direction, it operates through the drive comprising drive sprocket 52, chain 53, driven sprocket 50, cam shaft 28, cams 26-27 and levers 24-25. This operates harness mechanism 21, so that heddles 22, 23 are reciprocated in reverse phase or unweaving direcion with respect to the batten and weft inserting mechanism. This is the direction required for disengaging any defective weft from the web, while the batten and needles remain stationary.
Shortly before notch 57 in coupling disc 51 again moves in the reverse direction past pawl tooth 55a after one full counterclockwise revolution in the uncoupled condition, cam boss 75 again actuates the positioning switch S3, opening contacts 158 and closing contacts 159. This again cuts the energizing circuit for reverse drive contactor 102 and the motor 45 is deenergized and braked, contact 155 being unable to reclose because the energizing circuit of correction relay 154 is interrupted by 9 the open contacts 165 of the depressed reverse plugging switch 161.
The operator now releases the non-locking reverse switch 161. This energizes relay 154 by way of contacts 59, 163 and 165 and closes hold contacts 156 so that the correction relay 154 remains energized and also closes its contacts 155. However this does not reenergize reversedrive contactor 102 since contacts 164 now are open due to release of reverse button 161.
The operator can now proceed to remove the broken or otherwise defective weft thread, now disengaged from the web by re-opening of the shed. Should there be more than one defective weft thread, it is simply necessary to depress the nonlocking reverse button 161 successively as many times as required. At each continuous depression of reverse button 161 the pulley 48 rotates through one full revolution in reverse, moving the heddle-harness and pattern control mechanism backwards one cycle but leaving the batten stationary, and after each such continuous depression the switch 161 is released and the defective pick removed from the fabric. The weft pattern and other characteristics of the weave are unaffected regardless of their complexity, and the loom remains at all times ready to resume normal weaving operations.
After the defects in the weft have been corrected and it is desired to resume the normal weaving process, it is first necessary to depress the nonlocking forward button 160. This closes contacts 162 and opens 1-63. Closure of contacts 162 energizes forward drive contactor 101 through 162 and through contacts 155 which are closed at this time since correction relay 154 still remains energized by way of contacts 156 and 159. Motor 45 is therefore started in the forward direction to rotate pulley 48 and disc 51 in the clockwise direction indicated by arrow f1. As cam boss 75 disengages switch actuator 72 contacts 158 close and 159 open. Opening of contacts 159 deenergizes correction relay 154, opening contacts 155, however closure of contacts 159 provides an alternative circuit path for continued energization of forward-drive contactor 101 through closed contacts 162 so that the forward rotation of motor 45 continues.
As the pulley 48 completes substantially one revolution and a short while before notch 57 is presented to pawl tooth 55a, cam boss 75 reengages the positioning switch actuator 72, opening contacts 158 and closing 159. Opening of contacts 158 now deenergizes forward-drive contactor 101 since the correction relay 154 is deenergized and it is noted that closure of contacts 159 cannot reenergize relay 154 since contacts 163 are open owing to continued depression of forward button 160. The motor 45 is therefore stopped. The non-locking forward button or switch 160 is released and again depressed. The momentary release of the forward button 160 has served to close contacts 163 and thus energize correction relay 154 so that its contacts 156 and 155 close. On renewed depression of forward button 168, correction relay 154 remains energized through its closed hold contacts 156, while the closed contacts 155 now provide an alternative path for energization of forward drive contactor 101 so that motor 45 resumes its forward rotation. Thus notch 57 is brought into register with pawl tooth 55a while the revolving parts are moving at low speed, and the engagement of the pawl tooth 55a with the notch 57 is effected in a smooth manner. Pawl finger 63 releases switch actuator roller 71 so that lockout switch S1 is restored to its normally closed position. Normal conditions are thus reestablished, and manual start switch 132 can be depressed to resume the normal Weaving process as described above.
The situation previously referred to will now be described wherein the angular position of crankshaft 15 at the time its normal rotation was arrested is such that the large-radius sector 73b of cam 73 is presented to switch actuator roller 74 so that the reverse lockout switch S2 is open. It will be recalled that the function of cam 73 and reverse lockout switch S2 is to prevent the backing or reversing movement to be started with the shed substantially closed. Since the reverse lockout switch S2 is now open, reverse drive contactor 102 cannot be energized by depression of the nonlocking reverse button 161 and the depression of this button or switch if attempted, would be ineffective. In these conditions it is necessary first to depress momentarily the nonlocking forward switch 160. This causes closure of contacts 162 which energizes the forward-drive contactor 101 by Way of positioning switch contacts 158 which are closed at this time. It is evident from FIGS. 3 and 4, that when cam sector 73b actuates roller 74, the positioning cam boss 75 does not engage roller 72. The motor 45 and pulley 48 are, therefore, rotated in the forward direction. As cam surface 73b disengages roller 74, positioning switch S2 first closes, and shortly afterwards cam boss 75 engages roller 72 to actuate the positioning of switch S3. Opening of contacts 158 deenergizes the forward drive contactor 101 and the motor 45 and pulley 48 are stopped. Nonlocking forward switch 160 is now released, closing contacts 163 so that relay 154 is energized by way of switch contacts 159 which have just been closed. Correction relay contacts close, but since contacts 162 are now open du to release of switch 160 the forward-drive contactor 101 is not reenergized.
At this time the parts are positioned as described in the instance first assumed for FIG. 4 and the previously described reverse operation procedure can be followed by successive actuations of the nonlocking reverse switch 161 to effect one or more reverse cycles of the harness and pattern control mechanism operation While the batten and weft-pickers remain stationary, in order to correct any defects in the weft.
To summarize, in case of breakage or other defect in the weft, the invention provides means for permitting imparting reverse rotation, one revoltuion at a time, to the drive pulley driving the loom harness and other weft pattern control mechanism while holding the batten and weftinserting means stationary. After each such reverse revolution, the defective weft can be withdrawn. When the normal forward movement of the loom is thereafter resumed, the positions of the loom components at the instant the first new pick of weft is inserted are identically the same as at the instant the first defective pick of weft was inserted.
While I have shown and described what I believe to be the best embodiments of my invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. A loom comprising in combination:
a frame;
means supplying warp threads longitudinally of the frame;
cyclically operable weaving mechanism including shed forming means acting on said warp threads;
longitudinally reciprocable batten means;
weft shooting means carried by the batten means for shooting weft through the sheds; and
reed means on the batten means;
a reversible rotatable power-driven member mounted on said frame;
a first drive member rotatable on said frame and drive connections therefrom for simultaneously operating said batten means and weft shooting means;
a second drive member rotatable on said frame in unison with said power-driven member and drive connection therefrom for operating said shed-forming means;
disengageable coupling means connecting said powerdriven member to drive said second drive member, said coupling means being engageable and disengageable in predetermined relative angular positions of said drive members with respect to said frame and wherein the shed is open, said reed means is remote from the fell of the fabric and said weft shooting means is clear of the shed;
releasable means operative during forward rotation of the power-driven member for continuously maintaining said coupling means engaged for normal weaving operation;
releasing means operative during reverse rotation of said power-driven member for actuating said releasable means to disengage said coupling means when said first and second members are in said predetermined positions;
an electric circuit comprising a reversible motor connected to drive said power-driven member;
contactor means included in said circuit for selectively energizing said motor for operation in either direction; and
manually actuable circuit means including switch means controlled by said second drive member for operating said motor to cause a single complete revolution of said second drive member in the reverse direction with said first drive member stationary in said predetermined position, said single revolution being accompanied by a single shed-forming operation of said shed-forming means whereby a previously woven weft thread is released.
2. The loom defined in claim 1, wherein said disengageable coupling comprises:
adjacent first and second coupling members respectively connected for rotation with said first and second drive members,
the periphery of one of said coupling members being circular coaxially with said power driven member and having a notch formed therein,
and in which said releasable means comprises a pawl pivoted to the other coupling member and having a tooth engageable with said notch to connect said first and second coupling members for rotation in unison; and
an outward projection on said pawl, and
wherein said releasing means comprises:
a displaceable stop on said frame which, when displaced from an inactive to an active position, is engaged by said projection thereby disengaging said tooth and stopping said first drive member in said predetermined angular position with respect to said frame.
3. The loom defined in claim 2, further comprising a fixed stop on said frame spaced from said displaceable stop and engageable by said projection in the disengaged condition of said tooth to prevent forward rotation of said first drive member away from said predetermined angular position with respect to said frame.
4. The loom defined in claim 1, wherein said manually actuable circuit means comprises first manually operable control means connected to said contactor means for causing continuous forward rotation of said power-driven member with said coupling means engaged during normal weaving operations and separate self-releasing second manually operable control means connected to said contactor means for causing limited forward rotation of said power-driven member during weave-correcting operations.
5. A drive control for a loom having a shedding mechanism operatively connected to a first shaft, means including batten means operatively connected to a second shaft; clutch means between said first shaft and said second shaft, means for automatically disengaging said clutch means upon rotation of said first shaft from a predetermined angular position in reverse direction; and a reversible electric motor for rotating said first shaft, said drive control comprising forward contactor means for causing forward running of said motor; reverse contactor means for causing reverse running of said motor; circuit means for interrupting the energizing circuit of said forward contactor means in response to weaving irregularities; an auxiliary relay having a holding circuit and a normally open contact arranged when closed to complete the energizing circuit of said reverse contactor means; a cam controlled two contact switch shiftable between a first position in which one of its contacts bridges said auxiliary relay contact and a second position in which its other contact completes the energizing circuit of said auxiliary relay as well as said holding circuit thereof; resilient means for urging said cam controlled switch towards said one position thereof; a cam member rotatable with said first shaft for shifting said two contact switch against the action of said resilient means to said second position thereof when said first shaft approaches a predetermined position in reverse direction; and a manually actuable two contact control switch movable between a normal position in which one of its contacts completes the energizing circuit of said auxiliary relay and an actuated position in which its other contact completes the energizing circuit of said reverse contactor means, the arrangement being such that when said control switch is moved to and maintained in said actuated position thereof, after the motor has been stopped in response to weaving irregularities, said control switch will cause energization of said reverse contactor means either through said one contact of said cam controlled switch when the latter is initially in said one position thereof, or alternatively through said auxiliary relay contact and said one contact of said cam controlled switch when the latter is initially in said second position thereof, but will prevent said auxiliary relay from being energized upon shifting of said cam controlled switch to said second position thereof during reverse rotation of said first shaft whereby to cause said cam controlled switch to interrupt the energization of said reverse contactor means.
6. A drive control for a loom having a first rotatable shaft, a shedding mechanism operatively connected to said first shaft; a second rotatable shaft; a plurality of individual mechanisms including batten means operatively connected to said second shaft; a clutch releasably interconnecting said first shaft and said second shaft; a reversible electric motor for selectively rotating said first shaft in the forward direction for normal motion of the loom or in the reverse direction for reverse motion of said shedding mechanism; drive control means for automatically disengaging said clutch as said first shaft rotates into a predetermined angular position thereof in said reverse direction, said drive control means comprising a control circuit connected to a current source and including a plurality of parallel branches connected together at each end, a forward contactor in a first one of said brances effective when energized to cause said motor to rotate said first shaft in said forward direction; a reverse contactor in a second branch effective when energized to cause said motor to rotate said first shaft in said reverse direction; a first contact in said first branch; a locking relay in a third branch effective when energized to close said first contact to thereby energize said forward contactor; circuit means for interrupting said third branch in response to weaving irregularities so as to cause said locking relay to open said first contact; a normally closed second contact in said second branch, a normally open third contact in a fourth branch, a normally open fourth contact arranged when closed to bridge said second contact; a control relay in said fourth branch effective when energized to close said fourth contact; a cam member connected for rotation with said first shaft; a movable actu ating member for both said second contact and said third contact displaceable between an inoperative position in which said actuating member is out of the path of said cam member and an operative position in which said actuating member is engageable by said cam member so as to open said second contact and close said third contact as said first shaft approaches said predetermined angular position thereof in the reverse direction; electromagnetically operated means controlled by said locking relay so as to cause displacement of said actuating member to said operative position thereof upon interruption of said third branch; and a manually actuated switch movable between a normal position in which it interrupts said second branch and completes said fourth branch and an actuated position in which it completes said second branch, and interrupts said fourth branch, said switch being effective when moved to said actuated position thereof to cause energization of said reversing contactor as long as either said second contact or said fourth contact remains closed.
7. A drive control according to claim 6, further comprising a connection extending from a point of said first branch between said first contact and said forward contactor to a point of said second branch between said second contact and said fourth contact; a further manually actuated switch movable between a normal position in which it interrupts said connection and completes said fourth branch and an actuatetd position in which it completes said connection and interrupts said fourth branch, said further switch being effective when moved to said actuated position thereof to cause energization of said forward contactor as long as said second contact is closed, a normally closed fifth contact in said second branch in series with said reverse contactor; a second movable actuating member associated with said fifth contact; and a cam disc connected for rotation with said second shaft and engageable with said second actuating member so as to cause the latter to open said fifth contact when both said first and second shafts are in an angular position remote from said predetermined angular position of said first shaft.
8. In a loom having a shedding mechanism operatively connected to a first drive shaft and a reciprocable lay operatively connected to a second drive shaft; a drive control comprising a reversible electric motor for normally rotating said first shaft in a forward direction; disengageable means for coupling said second shaft to said first shaft for rotation therewith; stop means movable between an inactive position and an active position in which it becomes engageable with said coupling means at a predetermined angular position of said first shaft to cause disengagement of said coupling means during reverse rotation of said drive shafts, said second shaft thereupon remaining stationary; an electrical circuit including electromagnetically actuated means for automatically stopping forward rotation of said motor and simultaneously moving said stop means into said active position in response to weaving irregularities; and manually controllable electromagnetically actuated means for causing said motor after said automatic stopping thereof and with said clutch means disengaged, to rotate said first shaft in said reverse direction with said second shaft maintaining said lay withdrawn from the fell of the fabric being woven by said loom to permit the manual removal of individual weft threads released by reverse operation of said shedding mechanism.
9. A loom according to claim 8, further comprising cam-actuated switch means connected to said manually controllable means; and in which manually operable nonlocking switch means are included in said manually controllable means, said cam-actuated means being driven by said motor and limiting reverse rotation of said first shaft to a predetermined angular displacement corresponding to a single shed reversal by said shedding mechanism in response to a single continuous actuation of said nonlocking switch means, said shedding mechanism being positioned by said cam-actuated switch means to permit removal of an individual weft thread after each continuous actuation of said nonlocking switch means.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,421,539 6/1947 Clarke 1391.4 2,639,732 5/1953 Moessinger 139-1.4 2,715,920 8/1955 Butler et al. 139336 2,810,402 10/1957 Godschalx 1391.4 2,962,056 11/1960 Paul et al. 139136 3,095,015 6/1963 Cuiengnet 1391.4 3,159,186 12/1964 Juillard 139127 3,237,648 3/1966 Grisay 1391.4
MERVIN STEIN, Primary Examiner.
JAMES KEE CHI, Assistant Examiner.
US573723A 1963-09-20 1966-08-19 Drive and control system for looms Expired - Lifetime US3405740A (en)

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FR948110A FR1382978A (en) 1963-09-20 1963-09-20 Further training in looms with weft inserter

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US3680599A (en) * 1969-03-22 1972-08-01 Hindle Son & Co Ltd Looms for weaving
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DE2935507A1 (en) * 1979-09-03 1981-03-19 Jean Güsken GmbH & Co KG, 4060 Viersen Weft-break rectification in rapier loom - with self-acting pick finder initiated automatically on break detection
NL8005904A (en) * 1980-10-28 1982-05-17 Rueti Te Strake Bv SPOOLLESS WEAVING MACHINE.
US4502512A (en) * 1982-07-21 1985-03-05 Seisakusho Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Method for treating a weft yarn upon stoppage of a shuttleless loom and device for effecting the same
US4669510A (en) * 1983-10-07 1987-06-02 Textilma Ag Process for operation of a weaving machine as well as application of the process

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GB1073005A (en) 1967-06-21
FR1382978A (en) 1964-12-24
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CH421852A (en) 1966-09-30
DE1663148A1 (en) 1971-08-05
ES303953A1 (en) 1964-11-01

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