US3405517A - Production of crimped yarns - Google Patents

Production of crimped yarns Download PDF

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Publication number
US3405517A
US3405517A US561974A US56197466A US3405517A US 3405517 A US3405517 A US 3405517A US 561974 A US561974 A US 561974A US 56197466 A US56197466 A US 56197466A US 3405517 A US3405517 A US 3405517A
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United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
false
filament
crimp
feed ratio
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Expired - Lifetime
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US561974A
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English (en)
Inventor
Anahara Meiji
Ezaki Tadao
Nakagawa Kazumi
Tsutsui Nobuhiro
Okazaki Takeshi
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Japan Exlan Co Ltd
Toyobo Co Ltd
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Japan Exlan Co Ltd
Toyobo Co Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0286—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist characterised by the use of certain filaments, fibres or yarns

Definitions

  • a method for manufacturing crimped acrylonitrile continuousfilament yarn comprising forwarding a continuous filament acrylonitrile yarn to a false twisting apparatus, subjecting the yarn to a false twisting operation and withdrawing the yarn from the false twisting apparatus, the improvement according to which the acrylonitrile filament is treated at the feed ratio (R%) represented bythe formula wherein X is the residual shrinkage of said filament yarn in a saturated steam at 125 C.
  • the present invention relates to a continuous synthetic bulky yarn having improved crimp characteristics and made predominantly of acrylonitrile and a method of making the same. More particularly, the invention relates to a method of making a superior bulky crimped yarn, the crimp of which is extraordinarily durable to hot wet conditions.
  • Japanese patent publication No. 1397/57 describes a method in which the feed speed of continuous filament yarns at the inlet of the false-twisting machine is lower than the speed of withdrawal at the outlet of the machine to the extent that the continuous filament yarns is stretched 0.5 to 20 percent.
  • Japanese patent publication No. 8612/62 it has been proposed, as in Japanese patent publication No. 8612/62, to arrange the operation so that the feed speed is about 3 to 35 percent higher than the speed of withdrawal.
  • Hot-drawing is necessary in order to give sufficient strength to the filament, while either relaxation or heatsetting which is usually conducted under dry hot or wet hot conditions, imparts toughness and thermal stability to the filament.
  • filaments which have not been relaxed or heat-set, as well as filaments which have been only mildly heat-set or mildly relaxed or the filament which has been heat-set and, then, hotstretched is thermally unstable and, when heat-treated in a free state, shrinks in a substantial measure.
  • filaments which have been hot-stretched and then, sufiiciently relaxed or heat-set are thermally stable and, even if heat-treated in a free state, would shrink only little or not shrink at all.
  • the residual shrinkage of acrylic filament varies with the heat treatment conditions prior to the false twisting stage.
  • the residual shrinkage is usually represented by the rate of shrinkage of a sample filament as measured in hot water at 100 C., but as the factor that relates the proper range of feed ratios to be adopted in the false-twisting method of this invention with the thermal history of acrylic filament employed, it has been found most suitable to use the residual shrinkage value for 125 C.
  • the residual shrinkage at 125 C. is the rate of shrinkage of an acrylic filament as measured after it is heat-treated in a free state in saturated steam at 125 C. for 5 minutes, and the greater the value found, the less thermally stable is the filament so treated.
  • the feed ratio mentioned above is the ratio of the speed of feeding to the speed of withdrawal of continuous filament yarns in the false-twisting process and is represented by the following equation:
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the strength of falsetwisted yarn
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the elongation of falsetwisted yarn
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the degree of crimp stretchability of false-twisted yarn.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the number of imperfectly untwisted parts in false-twisted yarn.
  • FIG. 3 shows the degree of crimp stretchability of false twisted filament yarn as measured after the sample yarn is held under a load of 0.25 mg./d. and in saturated steam at C. for 20 minutes.
  • the degree of crimp stretchability is an important index, with which the durability of crimp may be determined, and the greater the index value, the more durable is the Degree of crimp stretchability 100 (wherein I is the length of yarn under the initial load of 1 mg./d., and is the length of yarn under the load of 100 mg./d.).
  • acrylic continuous filament yarn is treated at temperatures below 180 C., the final crimp will not be as durable to hot wet conditions as desired.
  • the temperature exceeds 205 C. the quality of the processed yarn is degraded, for it tends to be discolored or become fused, for instance.
  • the synthetic acrylic filament yarn false-twisted as above does not lose its rich crimp through all the subsequent dyeing and other steps, and the fabric, whether knit or woven, of such a yarn has a good bulk and a supple hand as contrasted with the slick feed of the conventional product of this type. These are superior characteristics not found in other thermoplastic fibers products. It need not to be mentioned that the above characteristics also apply to the dope dyed yarn.
  • Example 1 A copolymer (molecular weight: 75,000) composed of 91% acrylonitrile, 8.6% methyl methacrylate, and 0.4% allylsulfonic acid is dissolved in 44% aqueous solution of sodium rhodanate to prepare a spinning dope (polymer concentration: 11%).
  • the spinning dope is extruded in 10% aqueous solution of sodium rhodanate at 3 C. through a nozzle (50 orifices. each measuring 0.09 mm. in
  • the resulting tow is washed with. water thoroughly to remove the sodium rhodanate and, then, hot-stretched in saturated steam at 110 C. to 1300% its initial length.
  • the filament is treated with an antistatic agent.
  • the filament is wound up on a bobbin at the rate of meters per minute.
  • the total denier of the resulting filament yarn is 150 d., and its residual shrinkage as measured in saturated steam at 125 C. is 27%.
  • This acrylic continuous filament yarn is fed into a false-twisting machine of the conventional type (Sotexa, SWIDPM type, France) wherein it is processed at a temperature of 185 C. (the number of twists minus 1800 per meter: the feeding ratio -3.3%).
  • the continuous filament yarns can be processed quite satisfactorily without troubles such as breaking and the formation of imperfectly untwisted parts.
  • the falsetwisted yarn is held under a constant load of 0.25 mg./d. in the air at 90 C. for 20 minutes.
  • the degree of crimp stretchability of this yarn is 39%.
  • the crimp stretchability value is 21.3%.
  • an arbitrary feed ratio e.g. 11.7%
  • imperfectly untwisted parts are too numerous and the degrees of crimp stretchability of the yarn as measured after treatments under the load of 0.25 mg./d. in the air at 90 C. for 20 minutes and in saturated steam at 110 C. for 20 minutes are 31.5% and 8.8%, respectively. It is apparent, therefore, that the acrylic filament yarn processed at the optimum feed ratio mentioned above is superior to the yarn otherwise processed.
  • Example 2 A copolymer (molecular weight: 58,000) composed of 89.6% acrylonitrile and 10.4% methyl methacrylate is dissolved in 44% aqueous solution of sodium rhodanate to prepare a spinning dope (polymer concentration: 11%).
  • This spinning dope (polymer concentration: 11%) is extruded in 10% aqueous solution of sodium rhodanate at -3 C. through a spinning nozzle (70 orifices, each measuring 0.09 mm. in diameter).
  • the resulting tow is washed with water thoroughly to remove the sodium rhodanate and, then, stretched in boiling water to 1200% its initial length.
  • the continuous filament yarn is treated with an antistatic agent and, after drying, caused to shrink by 18% on hot plates at 200 C.
  • the shrunken continuous filament yarn is finally wound up on a bobbin at the rate of 300 meters per minute.
  • the resulting continuous filament yarn has a total denier of 175 and its residual shrinkage at 125 C. is 17.2%.
  • This acrylic continuous filament yarn is false-twisted at the optimum feed ratio of --l5% under the same conditions as Example 1 except the feed ratio. Under these conditions, the operation can be satisfactorily carried out without troubles such as breaking and the formation of imperfectly untwisted parts. After this yarn is subjected to a load of 0.25 mg./d. in the air at 90 C. for 20 minutes, its degree of crimp stretchability is 40.5%.
  • Example 3 Before the same acrylic continuous filament yarns as the one used in Example 2 is false-twisted, it is stretched to its initial length by causing it to come in contact with hot plates at 180 C. The residual shrinkage of this filament in saturated steam at C. is 22%.
  • the same fiber is false-twisted with the optimum feed ratio of 6.6% under the same conditions except feed ratio are same as Example 1, the operation can be satisfactorily carried out without troubles such as the formation of imperfectly untwisted parts.
  • the yarn processed as above is then subjected to a load of 0.25 mg./d. in hot air streams at 90 C. for 20 minutes. After this treatment, the crimp stretchability of the yarn is 37.0%. The corresponding figure is 21.3% after the same yarn is subjected to a load of 0.25 mgJd. in saturated steam at 110 C. for 20 minutes.
  • Example 4 A copolymer (molecular weight: 63,000) composed of 90.5% acrylonitrile, 9.2% methyl methacrylate, and 0.3% allylsulfonic acid is dissolved in 45% aqueous solution of sodium rhodanate to prepare a spinning dope (polymer concentration: 10.5%). This spinning dope is extruded in aqueous solution of sodium rhodanate at 3 C. through a spinning nozzle (50 orifices, each measuring 0.085 mm. in diameter). The tow is washed with water to completely remove the sodium rhodanate and, then, stretched in boiling water to 1200% its initial length.
  • the continuous filament yarn is treated with an antistatic agent and, after drying, caused to shrink by 13% on hot plates at 200 C.
  • the continuous filament yarn is wound up on a bobbin at the rate of 300 meters per minute, and the continuous filament yarn and bobbin is heat-treated in saturated steam at 125 C. for 20 minutes.
  • the total denier of the resulting fiber is 150 d., and its residual shrinkage at 125 C. is 7.8%.
  • This acrylic continuous filament yarn is false-twisted at the optimum feed ratio of -23.3% under the same conditions as Example 1 except for feed ratio. Under these conditions, the operation can be quite satisfactorily carried out without troubles such as breaking and the formation of imperfectly untwisted parts.
  • After the yarn is subjected to a load of 0.25 mg/d. in the air at C.
  • X is the residual shrinkage of said filament yarn in a saturated steam at -l25 C.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US561974A 1965-07-01 1966-06-30 Production of crimped yarns Expired - Lifetime US3405517A (en)

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JP3948465 1965-07-01

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US3405517A true US3405517A (en) 1968-10-15

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US (1) US3405517A (en))
DE (1) DE1660382B1 (en))
ES (1) ES328606A1 (en))
GB (1) GB1141839A (en))
NL (1) NL6609122A (en))

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3473317A (en) * 1968-04-11 1969-10-21 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Method for manufacturing crimped acrylonitrile filament yarn
US3624195A (en) * 1969-10-13 1971-11-30 Asahi Chemical Ind Process for the preparation of acrylic manmade fiber

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3077724A (en) * 1957-09-09 1963-02-19 Leesona Corp Apparatus for processing yarns

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3077724A (en) * 1957-09-09 1963-02-19 Leesona Corp Apparatus for processing yarns

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3473317A (en) * 1968-04-11 1969-10-21 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Method for manufacturing crimped acrylonitrile filament yarn
US3624195A (en) * 1969-10-13 1971-11-30 Asahi Chemical Ind Process for the preparation of acrylic manmade fiber

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1141839A (en) 1969-02-05
ES328606A1 (es) 1967-08-16
NL6609122A (en)) 1967-01-02
DE1660382B1 (de) 1971-10-21

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