Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
  • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
  • A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers
  • A24D1/027—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers with ventilating means, e.g. perforations
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H5/00—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for
  • D21H5/12—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for characterised by the use of special fibrous materials
  • D21H5/14—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for characterised by the use of special fibrous materials of cellulose fibres only
  • D21H5/16—Tobacco or cigarette paper

Definitions

• This invention provides improved cigarette paper of high porosity to serve as Wrapper for a cigarette tobacco column, which effects a significantly greater reduction of the vapor phase constituents of cigarette smoke than of the particulate constituents.
• Very high porosity is imparted to the paper by the provision of perforations having length and width dimensions between about 0.001 to 0.015 inch, the size and number being such as to impart to the paper an absolute Greiner porosity index value in the unprecedented low range of about 1 to 3.
• the perforations are symmetrically arranged with respect to the length and width of the paper, and preferably are arranged in the form of two or three longitudinal rows.
• This invention relates to improved paper wrappers for cigarettes and like smoking devices and, more particularly, to improved cigarette paper which is provided with .a plurality of perforations, preferably aligned in rows, said perforations being symmetrically spaced with respect to the length and width of the said paper.
• the arrangement of the perforations is such that when a cigarette tobacco 3,404,687 Patented Oct. 8, 1968 and in U.S. Patent 3,046,994 issued on July 31, 1962.
• a selectivereduction of vapor phase constituents in cigarette smoke can be effected by the provision of paper wrappers having much higher porosities, in the range of absolute Greiner porosity index values of about 1 to 3, wherein the porosity is imparted to the wrapper through the provision of symmetrically distributed spaced perforations having length and width dimensions of 0.001 to 0.015 inch.
• perforations are provided as two or three longitudinal rows, both the perforations and the rows being equally spaced from the adjacent ones in the assembled cigarette.
• the use of such paper wrappers provides a substantially greater reduction of vapor phase constituents of the cigarette smoke than of the particulate matter, the ratio of percentage reductions generally being about 1.5, and within the range of 1.1 to 2.
• cigarette papers perforated in accordance with this invention display a selective reduction of vapor phase constituents of cigarette smoke.
• the spaced perforations provided in the paper have smoke divided by the percentage reduction of the parlength and width dimensions between about 0.001 to 0.015 r ticulate constituents. inch, the size and number being so coordinated as to im-
• the perforations are provided in longitudinal alignpaper characterized by an absolute Greiner porosity index ment, desirably in two or three rows.
• n T bl I and II characterizing, respectively, the ad- Typical examples were discussed and referred to i the vantageous performance in accordance with this invention article
• the Design of Low Yield Cigarettes by Schur as contrasted with the confirmation of what might have and Rickards, Tobacco Science, vol. 4, pp. 69-77 (1960) been expected from the prior art.
• test cigarettes of these two tables were prepared by wrapping the tobacco column of the same popular commercial brand of cigarette in wrappers of the same paper, which differed only as indicated with respect to the porosity value and the manner of imparting porosity.
• Example 1 to 6 of Table I the macroscopic perforations were produced by means of apparatus as shown in US. Patent 2,699,208 issued Jan. 11, 1955, to Milton 0. Schur to provide two longitudinal rows of perforations, symmetrically spaced apart so that in the wrapped cigarette the rows of perforations are equally spaced from each other.
• Examples 1 and 2 there were 30 perforations per inch along each row, produced by rectangular perforating teeth which were initially 0.010 inch in length and 0.001 inch in width.
• the lower porosity of Example 2 could be produced by the use of lower perforating pressures or of somewhat worn perforating rolls.
• Examples 3 and 4 there were 16 perforations per inch along each row, produced by perforating teeth which were initially 0.005 inch by 0.005 inch.
• Examples 5 and 6 there were 8 perforations per inch along each row, produced by rectangular perforating teeth which were initially 0.010 inch in length and 0.0025 inch in width.
• the resulting perforations may be characterized as macroscopic in that they are visible without magnification at normal reading distances.
• the porosity index values were measured with the use of a Greiner porosity tester, an instrument long used in the paper industry. The measurement is of the time in seconds for 50 ml. of air to be drawn through a test area of paper one inch in diameter under the influence of a varying suction head corresponding to a column of water averaging about 4 /2 inches in height. The readings have been corrected to absolute values by deducting the time, close to 4 seconds, required for a blank determination, without any paper sample in the instrument. For increased accuracy, the time measurements were carried out automatically by the use of a light absorbing solution and a photo-electric circuit in the apparatus.
• the smoking tests reported herein were carried out in conventional manner, a 35 ml. puff being taken over a two second interval once per minute. In every case, 47 mm. of each cigarette was smoked, using cigarettes which had been conditioned for at least 48 hours at 72 F. and relative humidity of 63%. The cigarettes were selected by weight to be within :2% of the average weight of the group under test.
• Particulate matter was removed from the smoke by means of a Cambridge Absolute Filter and weighed.
• Table III The smoke analysis results in Table III were obtained on cigarettes prepared by wrapping the tobacco column of a popular commercial brand of cigarettes (not the same as used in the preceding tables) in a standard cigarette paper. Testing was carried out both with cigarettes having unperforated wrappers and having wrappers performated as in Example 4 above (two lines of 0.005 x 0.005 inch perforations, 16 per inch).
• Methyl ethyl ketone 0. 119 0. 084 29. 4 1. 26 Furan 0. 038 0. 025 34. 2 1. 47 Propionaldehyde- 0 076 0. 043 43. 4 1. 87 crolein 0. 122 0. 065 46. 7 2. [)1 Methyl acetate 016 0. 009 43. 8 1. 88 Isobutyraldehyde... 0 032 0. 021 34. 4 1. 47
• the average selectivity ratio of 1.54 confirms the selective reduction of vapor phase constituents in accordance with the invention.
• the non-selectivity found with respect to methanol occurs occasionally with respect to one or several constituents and is believed to be characteristic of the particular tobacco blend.
• the macroscopic perforations must be symmetrically arranged, in addition to being suflicient in size and number to impart a porosity in the effective critical range. Departures from symmetry in the arrangement of the perforations tends to decrease significantly the selectivity effect.
• Microporousd0 vanishes Also, at values less than 0.5, difiiculties arise in easily lighting the cigarette.
• the macroscopic perforations should have a length and width dimensions within the range of 0.001 to 0.015 inch. Larger openings are undesirable as tending to weaken the paper or tending to detract from the appearance,
• the shape of the perforations may be varied as desired, provided that the area of the openings is within the specified macroscopic range. Thus, circular, elliptical, crescent, or partially circular, as well as triangular, rectangular or other polygonal shapes are suitable.
• the perforating method and apparatus issued is as shown in US. Patent 2,699,208, the perforations should be square or rectangular.
• other methods of perforation may be employed, for example as set forth in U.S. Patents 3,074,303 or 3,021,732. The provision of two or three lines of regularly spaced perforations is preferred as an eifective product can thus be made readily and efiiciently at high production rates.
• the selective reduction of vapor phase constituents in accordance with this invention may be applied advantageously to any type of cigarette, including cigarettes provided with any of the available types of filters.
• Particular advantages may be derived in filter cigarettes combining macroporous paper wrappers as defined herein with a specialized filter tip adapted to remove certain components from the smoke or to supply flavoring ingredients to the smoke.
• a cigarette paper adapted to serve as wrapper for 25 a tobacco column
• said paper being provided with a plurality of macroscopic perforations aligned longitudinally 'in lines containing about 8 to 30 perforations per inch arranged symmetrically about the center of said paper, said perforations having length and width dimensions between .001 and .015 inch and imparting to said paper an absolute Greiner porosity index of about 1 to 3, p whereby smoke drawn from a cigarette tobacco column wrapped with said paper is attenuated by a plurality of substantially symmetrically disposed jets of air directed inwardly through said column, thereby effecting a significant reduction both .of vapor phase and particulate constituents of said smoke with selective reduction of said vapor phase constituents.

Landscapes

• Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=24418512

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (4)

Citations (3)

• 1966
  • 1966-12-23 US US604178A patent/US3404687A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1967
  • 1967-12-06 GB GB55438/67A patent/GB1137460A/en not_active Expired
  • 1967-12-12 NL NL676716912A patent/NL151758B/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1967-12-21 SE SE17609/67A patent/SE341977B/xx unknown

Patent Citations (3)

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