US3401648A - Cushioned mounting structure - Google Patents

Cushioned mounting structure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3401648A
US3401648A US558812A US55881266A US3401648A US 3401648 A US3401648 A US 3401648A US 558812 A US558812 A US 558812A US 55881266 A US55881266 A US 55881266A US 3401648 A US3401648 A US 3401648A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
elastomeric
plate
members
pad
cushioned
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US558812A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jack E Gutridge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pullman Standard Inc
Pullman Inc
Original Assignee
Pullman Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pullman Inc filed Critical Pullman Inc
Priority to US558812A priority Critical patent/US3401648A/en
Priority to NL6704400A priority patent/NL6704400A/xx
Priority to BE696625D priority patent/BE696625A/xx
Priority to FR101620A priority patent/FR1518120A/fr
Priority to DEP41834A priority patent/DE1298778B/de
Priority to GB06164/67A priority patent/GB1183848A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3401648A publication Critical patent/US3401648A/en
Assigned to PULLMAN STANDARD INC., A DE CORP. reassignment PULLMAN STANDARD INC., A DE CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: M.W. KELLOGG COMPANY, THE
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/42—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by the mode of stressing
    • F16F1/52—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by the mode of stressing loaded in combined stresses
    • F16F1/54—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by the mode of stressing loaded in combined stresses loaded in compression and shear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D45/00—Means or devices for securing or supporting the cargo, including protection against shocks
    • B61D45/008—Shock absorbing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2236/00—Mode of stressing of basic spring or damper elements or devices incorporating such elements
    • F16F2236/12—Mode of stressing of basic spring or damper elements or devices incorporating such elements loaded in combined stresses
    • F16F2236/123—Mode of stressing of basic spring or damper elements or devices incorporating such elements loaded in combined stresses loaded in compression and shear

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A cushioned mounting arrangement for supporting vertical loads against generally horizontally longitudinally applied impacts, said mounting arrangement comprising a plurality of superposed elastomeric pads, a plate member fixed on top of the uppermost of said pads, plate means being fixed between adjacent ones of said pads, a supporting member, means fixing the bottom of said lowermost of said pads to said supporting member, and means extending between the members and the plate means and providing vertical support for the load in compression on said pads and frictionally engageable with surfaces facing between said plate means and the members during movement of said pads in shear upon the application of a longitudinally applied impact on said support means.
  • the present invention relates to a cushioned mounting structure for supporting vertical loads thereon and protecting the load against longitudinally applied impacts and, more particularly, to a new and improved cushioned mounting structure having an elastomeric means which is compressed upon application of a vertical load and is elongated in shear upon the application of a longitudinal impact to the base structure on which the mounting structure is supported.
  • Cushioned mounting structures of the general type to which the present invention relates have generally been constructed with a columnar block of an elastomeric material disposed between a pair of metallic plates of which one of the plates is fixed to a support structure and of which the other plate has fixed thereon a suitable load or lading attachment means.
  • the columnar block is unsupported so that when a vertical load is applied thereon the blocks are placed under compression.
  • the compressed elastomeric blocks are elongated between the upper and lower plates and stressed in shear. Such stresses in shear result in the absorption by the blocks of a portion of the longitudinally applied impact to the extent of travel of the elastomeric block from an erect to elongated position.
  • the hysteresis characteristic of the elastomeric block under compression is such that the elasticity of the material when extended to its full length of travel in shear is incapable of returning the load supported on the mounting structure to its original position. Thus upon ice further impact the full length of travel is not available for further cushioning.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary top plan view of a plurality of the cushion pads embodying the principles of the present invention mounted on a railway car for accom modating the latter to support containers thereon;
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the cushioned mounting structure of the present invention showing in phantom lines the position of the structure in its extended position;
  • FIG. 3 is an end elevational view of the cushioned mounting structure showing the relative positions of the components thereof in the absence of a vertical load imposed thereon;
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 but showing the conditions of the components of the cushioned mounting structure when a load such as a container is supported thereon.
  • the cushioned mounting structures 10 embodying the principles of the present invention.
  • the cushioned mounting structures 10 are shown mounted on a flat deck railway car 11 which includes the usual 5th wheel stanchions 12 mounted thereon.
  • the cushioned mounting structures 10 are arranged to support and mount a container on the car by way of an engagement with respective ones of four corners of the typical container C.
  • the containers C are of normal conventional structure of the general type having a substantially frameless construction so that the container body must be protected against undue stresses imposed thereon by impacts.
  • the cushioned mounting structures 10 of the present invention are particularly suitable to provide a cushion travel which reduces the stresses imposed on the container structure and reduces the damage to the lading carried in the container.
  • the cushioned mounting container structures 10 each comprises a base plate 13 to which there is fastened as by rivets 20 a lower plate 14 of an elastomeric block assembly 16.
  • the plate 14 is suitably bonded to an elastomeric block 17 preferably formed of rubber or the like.
  • the elastomeric block is formed as a substantially rectangular column having a horizontal cross section adequate to resiliently support the vertical static load. The vertical cross section is selected to provide the longitudinal or shear loading as more fully to be described.
  • the block 17 is further characterized by a durometer rating which is selective to provide optimum travel in shear with a maximum energy under compression and shear loading. Bonded to the upper surface of the elastomeric block 17 is a top plate 18 which is suitably fastened to an intermediate plate 19 which extends beyond the side periphery of the elastomeric block 17.
  • the intermediate plate 19 lies over the upper ends of a pair of transversely spaced upstanding plates 2121 which are fixed at their lower end as by welding to'the base plate 13. In the absence of a load on the cushioned mounting structure 10 as shown in FIG. 3, the intermediate plate 19 is spaced above the upstanding plates 21-21 so as to provide clearance therebetween. However, upon the application of a vertical load thereon, the rubber pad is placed under compression so that plate 19 is displaced toward the upper end of the upstanding members 21 as shown in FIG. 4. As more fully to be explained hereinafter, to achieve controlled friction between the contacting surfaces of the plate 19 and the upper ends of the upstanding plates 21, the contacting surfaces are formed with a suitable finish.
  • a bottom plate 23 of a second elastomeric block 24 of a block assembly 25 Fixed to the upper surface of the intermediate plate 19 by rivets 22 connecting the top plate of the elastomeric block 17 to the latter is a bottom plate 23 of a second elastomeric block 24 of a block assembly 25.
  • the elastomeric block 24 is selected so as to have substantially the same characteristics as the elastomeric block 17 heretofore described. Bonded to the upper surface of the block 24 is a plate 26 which is fixed as by rivets 27 to a top plate 28.
  • the top plate 28 extends beyond the periphery of the elastomeric block 24 and overlies in vertically spaced relationship a pair of transversely spaced upstanding supports 29 which are fixed as by welding to the intermediate plate 19, Upon the application of a vertical load on the top plate 28 causing compression of the elastomeric block 24, the former is displaced toward the upper ends of the upstanding supports 29 in the same manner as described in connection with the displacement of the intermediate plate 19 toward the upstanding supports 21.
  • the opposing surfaces of the support plates 29 and top plate 28 are also finished to provide controlled friction.
  • a container mounting structure which in the form shown comprises a base block 31 from which there extends a circular column 32 which is received within an opening of a standard corner fitting on each of the corners of a container C. It should be clearly understood that in the event that the cushioned mounting structure is employed for other purposes than mounting a container on a railway car, various other types of suitable fastening structures may be employed for structure shown.
  • a pair of transversely spaced guide plates 33 which are each disposed outwardly of respective ones of the upstanding plates 29.
  • Additional lateral stability guides 34 are fixed to the respective upstanding plates 21 and extending upwardly of the intermediate plate 19 and are spaced from the upstanding plates 29 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the container C and the car body move relatively to each other.
  • the lower elastomeric block 17 is elongated in shear as shown in the phantom line position of FIG. 2.
  • Such elongation occurs because of the displacement of the intermediate plate 19 relative to the base plate 13 and the elastomeric block 17 is ex tended in shear to the full extent of its travel.
  • the elastomeric pad 24 which is fixed at its bottom face for movement with the intermediate pad 19 is displaced therewith.
  • the upper plate 28 is displaced to the extent of the elongation of the elastomeric pad 24.
  • the elastomeric pads 17 and 24 are each elongated in shear.
  • the total travel of the upper plate 28 relative to the lower plate 13 is the sum of the elongation of the elastomeric pads 24 and 27 so that the container mounted thereon travels a total length T.
  • the shear stresses imposed on the elastomeric pads 17 and 24 are operative to absorb a portion of the impact energy applied.
  • the elastomeric blocks 17 and 24 are each elongated, the upper plate 28 and the upstanding supports 29 and the intermediate plate 19 and the upstanding supports 21 are in sliding contact. Thus, there is created a frictional force which also absorbs a portion of the impact energy.
  • the upstanding supports 29 and 21 in sliding contact with the plates 28 and 29, prevent further compression of the elastomeric pads 17 and 24 under the force of the vertical load imposed thereon.
  • the supports 21 and 29 further maintain the upper and lower surface of each of the blocks in substantial parallelism along the length thereof so that the elongated ends are not collapsed.
  • the elastomeric blocks 17 and 24 each retain suflicient elasticity to return the vertically supported load from the elongated or extended position or maximum travel position to the neutral position of the mounting structure after the force of impact has been dissipated.
  • the elasticity of the elastomeric blocks 17 and 24 after elongation in shear will vary with the hysteresis characteristic of the elastomeric material being used, the vertical and horizontal cross sections, and the maximum vertical load to be supported on the mounting structure 10. These factors will to some extent determine the vertical spacings d between intermediate plate 19 and the upper ends of the upstanding supports 21 and the top plate 28 and the upper ends of the upstanding supports 29, respectively.
  • the distance d may be held to a minimum to obtain as much frictional contact and energy absorption therefrom during the travel T.
  • the elastomeric material has a minimum elasticity at the end of the travel T, it may be necessary to maintain the frictional forces at a minimum by increasing the vertical spacings d. Under the latter condition there may be vertical spacing between the respective upper ends of the upright supports 21 and intermediate plate 19 and upright supports 29 and top plate 28 when the vertical load is applied on the mounting structure in the normal or neutral position thereof. Accordingly, upon the application of a longitudinal impact causing an elongation of the elastomeric blocks 17 and 24 in shear, the plates 19 and 28 slidably contact the upstanding supports 21 and 29 for a portion of the travel T. Such sliding contact is, however, preferably maintained at a maximum to absorb by friction as much as possible of the impact energy.
  • base or base plate is not intended to limit the construction to a thin plate material but may be a block or a housing or the like.
  • a cushioned mounting arrangement for supporting vertical loads against generally horizontally longitudinally applied impacts, said mounting arrangement comprising a plurality of superposed elastomeric pads, a plate member fixed on top of the uppermost of said pads, plate means being fixed between adjacent ones of said pads, a supporting member, means fixing the bottom of said lowermost of said pads to said supporting member, and means extending between the members and the plate means and providing vertical support for the load in compression on said pads and frictionally engageable with surfaces facing between said plate means and the members during movement of said pads in shear upon the application of a longitudinally applied impact on said support means.
  • a cushioned mounting arrangement for supporting vertical loads against longitudinal applied impacts, said cushioned mounting arrangement comprising a first elastomeric pad having a bottom surface fixed to a base plate, an intermediate plate fixed to the upper surface of said first elastomeric pad in substantially parallel relationship with said base plate, a second elastomeric pad having a bottom surface fixed to the upper surface of said intermediate plate, a top plate fixed to the upper surface of said second elastomeric pad, means on said top plate for mounting a vertical load thereon, a pair of laterally spaced upright support means disposed on opposite sides of said first and second elastomeric pads and mounted at one end thereof on one of said plates, said laterally spaced upright support means each including a surface in frictional sliding relationship engageable with the remaining of said plates to support the vertical load as said first and second elastomeric pads are elongated in shear upon the application of impact force to said mounting structure.
  • said upstanding support means comprises a first pair of upstanding support means disposed between said base and said intermediate plate, said first upstanding means being mounted at one end thereof to one of said intermediate and base plates, and having a surface engageable in imtional sliding relation with the other of said intermediate and base plates; and a second pair of upstanding support means mounted on one end thereof to one of said intermediate and top plates, said second upstanding support means each including a surface engageable in frictional sliding relationship with the other of said intermediate and top plates.
  • a cushioned mounting arrangement for supporting vertical loads against generally horizontally longitudinally applied impacts, said mounting arrangement comprising generally horizontally extending vertically spaced upper, intermediate and lower load bearing members, first elastomeric pad means between the upper and intermediate members and second elastomeric pad means between the intermediate and lower pad members, upright support means extending between the intermediate and lower members and connecting with one of the intermediate and lower members, said intermediate and lower load bearing members presenting a load bearing surface for the second elastomeric pad means extending between them, said load bearing surface having frictional engagement with said support means for horizontal translation of the intermediate member relative to the lower member and for support of the second pad means against collapse with said first and second pad means being placed in shear to increase longitudinal travel of the cushioned mounting arrangement upon the application of a generally horizontally longitudinally applied impact on said lower load bearing member.
  • a cushioned mounting arrangement for supporting vertical loads against generally horizontally longitudinally applied impacts, said mounting arrangement comprising a pair of elastomeric pad means stacked in vertical series and means supporting each of the pad means against collapse upon horizontal translation of one pad means rela' tive to the other and including a pad separator between each of the pad means, said means supporting said pad means further including a load bearing member on the top of the upper pad means and a load bearing member for the bottom of the lower pad means, said upper and lower load bearing members being provided with sup port means cooperative with the pad separator for vertically supporting the both pad means while permitting relative horizontal frictional movement of the upper member relative to the lower member and placing each of the pad means in shear to extend the length of travel of the cushioned mounting arrangement the cumulative amount of the movement of each of the pad means.
  • a cushioned mounting arrangement for supporting vertical loads against generally horizontally longitudinally applied impacts, said mounting arrangement comprising horizontally extending vertically spaced upper, intermediate and lower load bearing members, first elastomeric pad means between the upper and intermediate members and second elastomeric pad means between the intermediate and lower pad members, upright support means extending between the intermediate and lower members and between the intermediate and upper members, said upright support means having frictional engagement with one of the intermediate and lower members and with one of the intermediate and upper members for horizontal translation of the upper load bearing member relative to the intermediate and lower load bearing members with the first pad means being shifted horizontally of the second pad means attendant to lengthening cushion travel with each of the pad means being placed in shear upon the application of a generally horizontally longitudinally applied impact on said lower load bearing member.
  • said upright support means comprising a first pair of laterally spaced supports on opposite sides of said first elastomeric member and between the upper and intermediate members; and a second set of laterally spaced support members on either side of said second elastomeric pad means between the intermediate and the lower pad members.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
US558812A 1966-06-20 1966-06-20 Cushioned mounting structure Expired - Lifetime US3401648A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US558812A US3401648A (en) 1966-06-20 1966-06-20 Cushioned mounting structure
NL6704400A NL6704400A (ref) 1966-06-20 1967-03-28
BE696625D BE696625A (ref) 1966-06-20 1967-04-05
FR101620A FR1518120A (fr) 1966-06-20 1967-04-05 Structure amortie de montage pour supporter des charges verticales en les protégeant contre des chocs longitudinaux
DEP41834A DE1298778B (de) 1966-06-20 1967-04-07 Lager zur Stossdaempfung
GB06164/67A GB1183848A (en) 1966-06-20 1967-04-07 Cushioned Mounting Structure for Supporting Vertically Applied Loads Against Horizontally Applied Impacts.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US558812A US3401648A (en) 1966-06-20 1966-06-20 Cushioned mounting structure

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3401648A true US3401648A (en) 1968-09-17

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ID=24231088

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US558812A Expired - Lifetime US3401648A (en) 1966-06-20 1966-06-20 Cushioned mounting structure

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US (1) US3401648A (ref)
BE (1) BE696625A (ref)
DE (1) DE1298778B (ref)
FR (1) FR1518120A (ref)
GB (1) GB1183848A (ref)
NL (1) NL6704400A (ref)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3479969A (en) * 1967-11-24 1969-11-25 Acf Ind Inc Cushioned support structure for railway car
US3568607A (en) * 1968-08-06 1971-03-09 Pullman Inc Railroad flat car for transporting containers and highway trailers
US3742867A (en) * 1971-07-06 1973-07-03 Pullman Inc Railway container cushioned supporting structure
US4339996A (en) * 1979-07-23 1982-07-20 Brodeur Rene H Articulated railway car
US6059497A (en) * 1999-08-25 2000-05-09 Iannone; Pasquale A. Air suspension apparatus for protecting a vehicle suspension and chassis during transport or storage

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2047954A (en) * 1932-10-24 1936-07-21 Motor Terminals Co Shock absorbing mounting for demountable bodies
US3035799A (en) * 1959-06-22 1962-05-22 Thomas H Peirce Mounting
US3203361A (en) * 1961-08-25 1965-08-31 Dana Corp Resiliently suspended transport structure
US3262402A (en) * 1964-12-30 1966-07-26 Acf Ind Inc Collapsible hitch

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2257804A (en) * 1939-04-17 1941-10-07 Lord Mfg Co Joint
DE889007C (de) * 1950-04-26 1953-09-07 Metallgummi G M B H Abfederung fuer Fahrzeuge, insbesondere Schienenfahrzeuge, mit zwischen Achse und Rahmen geschalteten Gummi-Metall-Scheibenfedern

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2047954A (en) * 1932-10-24 1936-07-21 Motor Terminals Co Shock absorbing mounting for demountable bodies
US3035799A (en) * 1959-06-22 1962-05-22 Thomas H Peirce Mounting
US3203361A (en) * 1961-08-25 1965-08-31 Dana Corp Resiliently suspended transport structure
US3262402A (en) * 1964-12-30 1966-07-26 Acf Ind Inc Collapsible hitch

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3479969A (en) * 1967-11-24 1969-11-25 Acf Ind Inc Cushioned support structure for railway car
US3568607A (en) * 1968-08-06 1971-03-09 Pullman Inc Railroad flat car for transporting containers and highway trailers
US3742867A (en) * 1971-07-06 1973-07-03 Pullman Inc Railway container cushioned supporting structure
US4339996A (en) * 1979-07-23 1982-07-20 Brodeur Rene H Articulated railway car
US6059497A (en) * 1999-08-25 2000-05-09 Iannone; Pasquale A. Air suspension apparatus for protecting a vehicle suspension and chassis during transport or storage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6704400A (ref) 1967-12-21
BE696625A (ref) 1967-10-05
GB1183848A (en) 1970-03-11
DE1298778B (de) 1969-07-03
FR1518120A (fr) 1968-03-22

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: PULLMAN STANDARD INC., 200 S. MICHIGAN AVE., CHICA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:M.W. KELLOGG COMPANY, THE;REEL/FRAME:004370/0168

Effective date: 19840224