US3400231A - Transfer switch for tap-changing transformers having contacts movable along orthogonal diameters of a circle - Google Patents

Transfer switch for tap-changing transformers having contacts movable along orthogonal diameters of a circle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3400231A
US3400231A US522908A US52290866A US3400231A US 3400231 A US3400231 A US 3400231A US 522908 A US522908 A US 522908A US 52290866 A US52290866 A US 52290866A US 3400231 A US3400231 A US 3400231A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
contacts
contact
tap
transfer switch
fixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US522908A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bleitreu Alexander
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3400231A publication Critical patent/US3400231A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0027—Operating mechanisms

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Disclosed below is a transfer switch for effecting tapchanging operations allowing a relative increase of the stroke of its movable contacts and a relative decrease of its bulk. This is achieved by contact means having trajectories which are orthogonal diameters of a circle, and by operating means capable of moving the contact means along these trajectories in any desired sequence.
  • This invention has reference to load tap-changers for power transformers as applied, for instance, to maintain a constant secondary voltage with a variable primary voltage.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide load tapchangers which are considerably more compact than comparable prior art load tap-changers.
  • Load tap-changers include selector switches and transfer switches.
  • the selector switches serve the purpose of se lecting a particular tap on a tapped transformer winding intended to be connected into an electric circuit.
  • Selector switches do not carry any load currents at the time a particular tap is selected, i.e., they are not required to interrupt or close on current-carrying circuits. This task is performed by the transfer switches. The latter perform all switching operations under load. Therefore all arcing is restricted to the transfer switches, the selector switches 'merely selecting the particular transformer tap to which the load is to be transferred.
  • This invention relates more specifically to transfer switches for load tap-changers, one of its principal objects being to provide transfer switches that combine long strokes of the movable contacts thereof with extremely small overall dimensions and extremely small overall bulk.
  • Each such single-phase unit comprises a separate tank, a separate single-phase transformer, a separate single-phase selector switch, a separate single-phase transfer switch and separate drives for the latter.
  • a plurality of such single-phase units are integrated into a polyphase transformer.
  • the current-limiting resistors may be small, and the voltage fluctuation resulting from tap-changes insignificant.
  • the rapid operation of the transfer switches is produced by stored energy means, preferably wound-up springs which are maintained in a pre-wound, or pre-loaded condition in readiness for the next tap-changing operation. Load tap-changers of the Jansen type are well known in the art and have been described in many printed publications.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a transfer switch embodying this invention
  • FIG. 2 is generally a side elevation of the structure of FIG. 1 showing some portions thereof in vertical section;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic top-plan view of the structure of FIG. 1 including the circuitry which is associated with it;
  • FIGS. 4a to 4d show diagrammatically consecutive positions of the constituent parts of the structure of FIG. 3 during a tap-changing operation.
  • the transfer switch shown in the drawings is a transfer switch intended for a single-phase circuit. It comprises fixed main contacts 1, 4 and fixed auxiliary contacts 2, 3. These contacts are preferably arranged in pairs, i.e., there is an upper fixed main contact 1 and a lower fixed main contact 1; an upper fixed main contact 4 and a lower fixed main contact 4; an upper fixed auxiliary contact 2 and a lower fixed auxiliary contact 2; and an upper fixed auxiliary contact 3 and a lower fixed auxiliary contact 3.
  • Each pair of fixed contacts 1, 1; 4, 4; 2, 2 and 3, 3 is supported by a vertical substantially rod-shaped contact support 5 of insulating material.
  • Upper fixed main contact 1 and upper fixed auxiliary contact 3 are arranged adjacent opposite ends of a first diameter of a circle.
  • Upper fixed main contact 4 and upper fixed auxiliary contact 2 are arranged adjacent opposite ends of a second diameter of said circle at substantially right angles to the aforementioned first diameter thereof.
  • the same arrangement applies to the lower fixed main contacts 1, 4 and to the lower fixed auxiliary contacts 2, 3.
  • Reference numerals 6 and 7 have been applied to indicate a pair of spaced, parallel, horizontal plates. Plates 6 and 7 may be shaped more or less like a star, as clearly shown in FIG. 1.
  • the upper ends of the four contact supports 5 of insulating material for fixed contacts 1, 2, 3, 4 are secured to the upper plate 6, which may be effected by screws 6a.
  • the lower ends of the four contact supports 5 of insulating material are secured to the lower plate 7 by appropriate fasteners such as, for instance, screws 7a.
  • the upper plate 6 and the lower plate 7 are each provided with a pair of slots to which reference numeral 8 has been applied. These slots are substantially coextensive with the aforementioned diagonals extending between the pair of fixed main and auxiliary contacts 1, 3 and the pair of fixed main and auxiliary contacts 4, 2.
  • the transfer switch further comprises movable contact means generally indicated by reference characters 9, 10.
  • Contact means 9 is adapted to move along one of the above diagonals from fixed main contact 1 to fixed auxiliary contact 3, and vice versa.
  • Contact means is adapted to move along the other of the above diagonals from fixed main contact 4 to fixed auxiliary contact 2, and vice versa.
  • Contact means 9, 10 are in the nature of contact bridges conductively interconnecting upper and lower pairs of fixed contacts 1, 1; 3, 3; 4, 4; 2, 2 whenever in the appropriate position.
  • Each movable contact means 9, 10 includes a contact support 11 of insulating materialclearly shown in longitudinal section on the left side of FIG. 2and a pair of bridge contacts 12, 13 arranged on opposite sides of contact support 11.
  • Reference numeral 14 has been applied to indicate the fulcra at which bridge contacts 12, 13 are pivotally supported by contact supports 11 and reference numeral 15 has been applied to indicate leaf springs interposed between the ends of bridge contacts 12, 13 and contact supports 11.
  • Each bridge contact 12, 13 has a limited freedom of pivotal movement about its fulcrum 14.
  • Contact supports 11 include guide elements 16 and 17 arranged at the upper ends thereof and at the lower ends thereof. Guide elements 16 engage slots 8 in upper plate 6 and slide along said slots. Guide elements 17 engage the slots 8 in lower plate 7 and slide along said slots. The length of parts 16 and 17 in the direction of the slot in which the respective part is arranged exceeds the depth of slots 8. As a result parts 16, 17 are securely guided inside of slots 8 at all points thereof, including the area 18 where slots 8 intersect.
  • the contact means 9, 10 or their contact supports 11 are tied together by an integral pair of four-bar-linkages to which reference characters 19 and 20 have been applied.
  • Reference character 21 has been applied to indicate the center fulcrum of the integral pair of four-bar-linkages in the form of identical parallelograms.
  • Helical spring 22 is secured with one end thereof to fulcrum 21, and with the other end thereof to the end 23 of a lever or arm 24.
  • the lower intergal pair of four-bar-linkages 19, 20 is connected by a spring 22 to the end 23 of a lever or arm 25 in the same fashion as the upper integral pair of four-bar-linkages 19, 20 is connected to the end 23 of lever 24.
  • Levers or arms 24, 25 are supported by a vertical drive or operating shaft 26 arranged midway between fixed contacts 1 and 4.
  • Drive shaft 26 is am eccentric shaft considering the intersection 18 of slots 8 to be the center of the transfer switch.
  • Plates 6 and 7 are provided with bearings 6b and 7b, respectively, supporting operating shaft 26.
  • the latter may be operated by a loaded spring, not shown, as common in Jansen type transfer switches.
  • Such a spring may be adapted to be wound-up manually, or by means of an electric motor, as desired.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4a to 4d the same reference characters have been applied as in FIGS. 1 and 2 to indicate like parts.
  • Reference character Tr has been applied in FIG. 3 to indicate a winding of a single-phase transformer having but two taps U U
  • the number of taps will be larger than two, and this requires to interpose a conventional selector switch between the tapped winding of the transformer and the transfer switch. Since such switches are common practice and well known prior art, and since the explanation of the operation of the transfer switch embodying this invention can be simplified by assuming that the transformer winding Tr has but two taps and by deleting a selector switch, but two taps have been shown in FIG. 3, and a selector switch deleted in this figure.
  • the two fixed main contacts 1 and 4 are directly connected by appropriate leads to taps U and U
  • a transfer switch includes pairs of fixed main contacts 1 and 4, i.e., an upper and a lower fixed main contact
  • the lower fixed main contacts may be directly connected by appropriate leads to taps U and U and the upper fixed main contacts 1 and 4 and the upper fixed auxiliary contacts 2 and 3 short-circuited.
  • the point establishing a short-circuit between the upper fixed contacts 1', 2,3, 4 of the transfer switch is the neutral point of the circuitry. It will be apparent from FIG.
  • Lower fixed auxiliary contact 3 that the lower fixed main contact 1 is directly connected by a lead to tap U and the lower fixed main contact 4 is directly connected by a lead to tap U
  • Lower fixed auxiliary contact 3 is connected by the intermediary of a first impedance, or ohmic resistor R, shown to the right of FIG. 3, to tap U and lower fixed main contact 4, respectively.
  • Lower fixed auxiliary contact 2 is connected by the intermediary of a second impedance, or ohmic resistor R, shown to the left of FIG. 3, to tap U and lower fixed main contact 1, respectively.
  • the bridge contacts 12 of the movable contact means 9 conductively interconnect fixed main contacts 1, and the bridge contact 12 of movable contact means 10 conductively interconnect the fixed auxiliary contacts 2.
  • all the upper fixed contacts 1, 2, 3, 4 of the transfer switch are at the potential of tap U
  • all the upper fixed contacts 1, 2, 3, 4 of the transfer switch will be at the potential of tap U
  • the tap-changing operation is initiated by pivoting shaft 26 and arms or levers 24, 25 in clockwise direction, as indicated in FIGS. 1 and 3 by a clockwise arrow.
  • springs 22 interposed between linkages 19, 20 and arms or levers 24, 25 are stressed and displaced in the way indicated in FIG. 4a.
  • FIG. 4b shows the position of the constituent parts of the transfer switch when bridge contacts 13 conductively interconnect fixed auxiliary contacts 3 as a result of the aforementioned initial clockwise operation of shaft 26.
  • fixed auxiliary contacts 2 are conductively interconnected during the aforementioned switching step, and that at the end of the aforementioned switching step the fixed auxiliary contacts 2 and the fixed auxiliary contacts 3 are conductively interconnected.
  • the switching mechanism according to the invention is capableof performing the same switching operations as prior art Jansen type transfer switches, but that linkage mechanism of the instant transfer switch is considerably less elaborate than that in prior art Jansen type transfer switches. It
  • the instant transfer switch requires a smaller number of movable contacts than needed in prior art Jansen type transfer switches, i.e., but two movable contacts instead of at least four movable contacts. It will further be apparent that the contact travel or stroke of the movable contacts is relatively long in spite of the great compactness of the instant transfer switch. The long travel or stroke of the movable contacts is conducive to a rapid dielectric'recovery of the gaps formed between the parting contacts of the transfer switch, and to a high degree of dielectric strength of thesegaps when the movable contacts have completed their respective travel or stroke and are in the limit positions thereof. Transfer switches according to this invention are smaller than prior art transfer switches having the same rating, and are particularly suited for high power applications.
  • main contact has been applied with reference to contacts in a transfer switch making it possible to establish a direct current path from a tap of a tapped transformer winding to a load circuit terminal without insertion of an impedance (e g., resistor) into that current path.
  • auxiliary contact has been applied with reference to contacts in a transfer switch making it possible to interpose an impedance (e.g., resistor) into the current path from a tap of a tapped transformer winding to a load circuit terminal.
  • a transfer switch for tap-changing regulating transformers comprising:
  • a transfer switch for tap-changing regulating transformers as'specified in claim 1 comprising:
  • said fixed contact means including a first fixed main contact and a first fixed auxiliary contact arranged adjacent opposite ends of a first diameter of one of said pair of circles, said fixed contacts further including a second fixed main contact and a second fixed auxiliary contact arranged adjacent opposite ends of a second diameter of said one of said pair of circles at substantially right angles to said first diameter of said one of said pair of circles, said fixed contacts further including a first fixed main contact and a first fixed auxiliary contact arranged at opposite ends of a first diameter of the other of said pair of circles, and said fixed contacts further including a second fixed main contact and a second fixed auxiliary contact arranged adjacent opposite ends of a second diameter of said other of said pair of circles at substantially right angles to said first diameter of said other of said pair of circles;
  • a transfer switch as specified in claim 2 wherein said first movable contact means includes a pair of separate contact bridges each supported by a first common substantially rod-shaped contact support of insulating material and arranged on opposite surfaces thereof, and wherein said second movable contact means includes a pair of separate contact bridges each supported by a second common substantially rod-shaped contact support of insulating material and arranged on opposite surfaces thereof.
  • a transfer switch as specified in claim 4 comprising a pair of parallel spaced plates each defining a pair of slots angularly displaced degrees, said first common contact support engaging with the ends thereof one of said pair of slots in each of said pair of plates and said second common contact support engaging with the ends thereof the other of said pair of slots in each of said pair of plates.
  • each of said pair of slots in each of said pair of plates has a predetermined width and wherein said ends of said first common contact support have a predetermined thickness in the direction of said first pair of diameters and said ends of said second common contact support each have a predetermined thickness in the direction of said second pair of diameters, said predetermined thickness exceeding said predetermined width.
  • a transfer switch as specified in claim 1 comprising common operating means for said first movable contact means and for said second movable contact means, said common operating means including an integral pair of four-bar-linkages having one end tied to said first movable contact means and another end tied to said second movable contact means, a driving lever pivotable about a point radially spaced from the point of intersection of said first diameter and said second diameter, and spring means interposed between said pair of four-bar-linkages and said driving lever.
  • a transfer switch as specified in claim 7 including a driving shaft supporting said driving lever, said driving shaft being equally spaced from said first fixed main contact and from said second fixed main contact.

Landscapes

  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
US522908A 1965-02-23 1966-01-25 Transfer switch for tap-changing transformers having contacts movable along orthogonal diameters of a circle Expired - Lifetime US3400231A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1965M0064282 DE1274225C2 (de) 1965-02-23 1965-02-23 Einphasen-Lastumschalter fuer Stufenschalter von Regeltransformatoren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3400231A true US3400231A (en) 1968-09-03

Family

ID=7311065

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US522908A Expired - Lifetime US3400231A (en) 1965-02-23 1966-01-25 Transfer switch for tap-changing transformers having contacts movable along orthogonal diameters of a circle

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3400231A (it)
AT (1) AT255585B (it)
BE (1) BE676934A (it)
CH (1) CH438481A (it)
DE (1) DE1274225C2 (it)
GB (1) GB1070608A (it)
NL (2) NL6602045A (it)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3441700A (en) * 1967-09-20 1969-04-29 Automatic Switch Co Multipole mechanically held relay
US4348558A (en) * 1979-01-05 1982-09-07 Asea Aktiebolag Diverter switch for an on-load transformer tap changer
WO1997018572A1 (en) * 1995-11-13 1997-05-22 Abb Power T & D Company Inc. Diverter switch and link system for load tap changer

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2680790A (en) * 1951-03-07 1954-06-08 Jansen Bernhard Load changeover switch for tapped transformers using a combination of contact movements
US2691079A (en) * 1951-03-07 1954-10-05 Jansen Bernhard Load tap selector for tapped transformers with several contact circles per phase
US3250865A (en) * 1963-07-18 1966-05-10 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Transfer switch for tapped regulating transformers with radial guide and linkage structure

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT176922B (de) * 1950-10-10 1953-12-10 Elin Ag Elek Ind Wien Lastumschalter für Stufentransformatoren
AT192006B (de) * 1954-12-15 1957-09-25 Elin Ag Elek Ind Wien Lastumschalter mit unterteilten Schaltstücken

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2680790A (en) * 1951-03-07 1954-06-08 Jansen Bernhard Load changeover switch for tapped transformers using a combination of contact movements
US2691079A (en) * 1951-03-07 1954-10-05 Jansen Bernhard Load tap selector for tapped transformers with several contact circles per phase
US3250865A (en) * 1963-07-18 1966-05-10 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Transfer switch for tapped regulating transformers with radial guide and linkage structure

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3441700A (en) * 1967-09-20 1969-04-29 Automatic Switch Co Multipole mechanically held relay
US4348558A (en) * 1979-01-05 1982-09-07 Asea Aktiebolag Diverter switch for an on-load transformer tap changer
WO1997018572A1 (en) * 1995-11-13 1997-05-22 Abb Power T & D Company Inc. Diverter switch and link system for load tap changer
US5693922A (en) * 1995-11-13 1997-12-02 Abb Power T&D Company Inc. Diverter switch and link system for load tap changer
CN1068958C (zh) * 1995-11-13 2001-07-25 Abbt＆D动力有限公司 转换开关及负载抽头转换开关联动系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1274225B (de) 1968-08-01
CH438481A (de) 1967-06-30
GB1070608A (en) 1967-06-01
BE676934A (it) 1966-07-18
AT255585B (de) 1967-07-10
NL6602045A (it) 1966-08-24
NL127688C (it)
DE1274225C2 (de) 1973-02-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3590175A (en) Composite selector switch and reversing switch for tap-changing regulating transformers
JP4588880B2 (ja) 選択器を有する負荷時タップ切換器
US4207445A (en) On-load tap changer switch assembly
US3632908A (en) Regulating transformer tap-changer switch
US3553395A (en) Vacuum switch operating mechanism with plural dashpot controller means
US3400231A (en) Transfer switch for tap-changing transformers having contacts movable along orthogonal diameters of a circle
KR840002854Y1 (ko) 일련의 전류탭과 가변 스위칭기어를 갖는 전기접촉장치
US3250865A (en) Transfer switch for tapped regulating transformers with radial guide and linkage structure
US3366750A (en) Switching mechanism for tapped regulating transformers
KR100486454B1 (ko) 기계적 스위칭 접촉자
US3143621A (en) Multi-contact electrical switches
US3806674A (en) Transfer swi ch operating mechanism for effecting tap changes
US3310640A (en) High current-carrying capacity switching devices requiring small contact pressures
US3194900A (en) Modular tap-changing selector switch for connecting selectively fixed tap contacts to a transfer switch
US2727613A (en) Transformer protective device
US3258546A (en) Transfer switch with movable contact toggle mechanism for tapped regulating transformers
EP0103413B1 (en) Contact switching device
US3415957A (en) Transfer switch for tap-changing regulating transformers having current-carrying contacts and operating means therefor achieving high initial speeds of contact separation
US3366763A (en) Reversing switch for tap-changing regulating transformers
US3783206A (en) Tap changing apparatus with improved contact structure to eliminate electrical fields across open interrupter switches
US3462562A (en) Tap changer for transformers with elongated switch-over contact
US2846528A (en) Selective switches
US3360618A (en) Transfer switch for tap-changing transformers convertible for adaptation to a wide range of currents
US3170048A (en) Multicontact no load electric switch
US3254165A (en) Rotary switch actuator for actuating multiple rotor sections and including secondary elongated rod actuator