US3398684A - Caseless cartridges - Google Patents

Caseless cartridges Download PDF

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Publication number
US3398684A
US3398684A US561253A US56125366A US3398684A US 3398684 A US3398684 A US 3398684A US 561253 A US561253 A US 561253A US 56125366 A US56125366 A US 56125366A US 3398684 A US3398684 A US 3398684A
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United States
Prior art keywords
projectile
charge
ignition
cavity
pin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US561253A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kvavle Robert Carl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
United Shoe Machinery Corp
Original Assignee
United Shoe Machinery Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by United Shoe Machinery Corp filed Critical United Shoe Machinery Corp
Priority to US561253A priority Critical patent/US3398684A/en
Priority to BE715961D priority patent/BE715961A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3398684A publication Critical patent/US3398684A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/18—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases
    • F42B5/188—Manufacturing processes therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B15/00—Self-propelled projectiles or missiles, e.g. rockets; Guided missiles

Definitions

  • ABSTRAmi oF Tina DIscLosURE Vpiojectile houses in its rear end a propellant charge comprised primarily of solidlow explosiveprefe'rably 'in 'the form'of nitrocellulose 'breshaving air'in 'their tsub- ⁇ s'tant'iallyl interconectedffin'terstitial spaces, the charge liaviigfa densityless than that of nitrocellulose per se. While -ignition may'be''effected:electrically or otherwise, one mode of ignition contemplated for the cartridge is that eifected by impat withlthe c'ha'rge in a substantially closed chamber sealed bythe projectile.
  • Patent 3,283,657 discloses a novel method and means for initiating deagration in a solid low explosiveythe 4required heat beingffrictionallyfgenerated solely by impacting the charge in a substantially closed chamber. This procedure does not rely upon raising temperature by precompression of air about the charge.
  • Ser. No. 524,168 tiled Feb. 1, 1966, in my name, there is described a formed low explosive charge of brous nitrocellulose for use in impact ignition devices operable in the novel manner indicated.
  • a primary object of the present invention is to provide a caseless cartridge carrying within its breech end a solid, stable, impact ignitable charge of low explosive propellant.
  • a projectile having its breech end formed with ta charge-containing cavity, the walls and bottom of the cavity being lined with solid low explosive, and a portion of the explosive lining, preferably the bottom wall, being adapted to be impact ignited to initiate deagration and hence gas propulsion of the projectile.
  • a further feature of the invention resides in the provision, in a caseless cartridge of the type indicated, of means such as an external sealing ring or other obturating means, for instance fins, for providing initial resistance to relative movement of the projectile with respect to the ring mechanism, the tins being radially deflectable or deformable in response to pressural build-up in the ring chamber to permit acceleration of the projectile.
  • means such as an external sealing ring or other obturating means, for instance fins, for providing initial resistance to relative movement of the projectile with respect to the ring mechanism, the tins being radially deflectable or deformable in response to pressural build-up in the ring chamber to permit acceleration of the projectile.
  • a limited air volume surrounding the breech end of the projectile may be predetcrminedly entrapped during ignition by a bolt in the firing chamber and a relatively movable firing pin adapted to enter the projectile cavity to impact its bottom or deagratable lining.
  • The,air volume permitted by the projectile, bolt, and pin is predeterm'1nedly small and hence there is practically no energy wasted in raising its temperature by compression, substantially all kinetic energy of the pin being used to .compress and frictionally crush at least a portion of the propelling charge being Lignited.
  • FIG. 1 is a view inside .elevation of a caseless cartridge 1n accordance with this invention and including a projectile loaded into the firing position of a barrel bore having ring mechanism including a bolt and ring pin; 4
  • FIG. 2. is adetail Yshowing the tiring pin striking the projectile charge
  • FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. l, the projectile beingl shown in axial section at the instant of impact 1gn1t1on;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the breech end of the projectile of FIGS. 1 and 3 after it has been red and indicating its annular sealing ring as deformed by the barrel rifiing; y
  • FIG. 5 isa detail view in perspective similarto FIG. 4 but showing another projectile retaining means in the form of groove tting ribs;
  • FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 5 and showing the retaining ribs as radially deformed in consequence of dellagration of charge.
  • a projectile having a cylindrical body 10 may be of any preferred external configuration, its muzzle end generally being pointed and its breech end 12 formed with a cavity 14.
  • This cavity is usually, though not necessarily, cylindrical and coaxial with the body 10. No separate case is needed for the projectile since its cavity 14 is adapted to receive and internally store its charge 16 of solid, low explosive.
  • the charge 16 may itself be of different low explosive materials and shapes but it preferably lines the bottom and walls of the cavity 14, a portion at the cavity bottom having a raised, reduced area 18 (FIG. 2) to be initially impuacted to effect ignition, for instance by a firing pin 20 moving axially to crush at least a part of the charge and thus frictionally generate the heat for ignition which thereafter causes the entire charge progressively to deflagrate.
  • a firing pin 20 moving axially to crush at least a part of the charge and thus frictionally generate the heat for ignition which thereafter causes the entire charge progressively to deflagrate.
  • the porosity of such a charge when molded into self-sustaining shape and having entrapped air is believed to facilitate initial ignition by reason of the heat from friction generated during crushing action. Ignition is facilitated by reason of the ribbonlike fibres dening substantially continuous interstitial burning surfaces.
  • the breech end 12 preferably is provided with restraining means such as an external sealing ring 30l (FIGS. 1, 3, and 4) adapted to engage the wall of the chamber 24 at the end of bore ritiing 32.
  • restraining means may be circumferentially spaced lugs 34 adapted initially to prevent displacement of the projectile as by interference initially with the barrel bore, but upon build-up of pressural 4gases in the chamber 24, be radially deformed or sheared off to permit projectile flight.
  • ring 30 may be slotted as at 36- by the riing 32 'following ignition and completed combustion of the charge 16.
  • Numerous other sealing iins and shrouds are known or may be devised for use with the projectile, or as an integral part thereof, to restrain it during impact ignition and insure that it will receive the benefit of elective obturation.
  • the volume of the latter is selected to provide the degree of projectile velocity required. Only a short firing stroke of the pin 20 is needed.
  • the volume of the iiring chamber 24 is mainly determined for a charge size by ixedly positioning the adjacent end of the Sealing bolt.
  • a caseless cartridge comprising a projectile body having a breech end formed-,with a cavity, and a solid, low explosive propellant, k'lining -at least a portion of the cavity, said explosive being mainly of n itrocelluloseviibres having a density less than that of nitrocellulose Aperfse, the iibres defining substantially. continuous interstitial burning surfaces.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
US561253A 1966-06-28 1966-06-28 Caseless cartridges Expired - Lifetime US3398684A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US561253A US3398684A (en) 1966-06-28 1966-06-28 Caseless cartridges
BE715961D BE715961A (cs) 1966-06-28 1968-05-31

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US561253A US3398684A (en) 1966-06-28 1966-06-28 Caseless cartridges

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US3398684A true US3398684A (en) 1968-08-27

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BE (1) BE715961A (cs)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3439635A (en) * 1967-12-28 1969-04-22 Hercules Inc Caseless ammunition with the primer operatively supported to the aft end of the projectile
US3482516A (en) * 1967-12-28 1969-12-09 Hercules Inc Caseless cartridges having the projectile housed in the propellant charge
US3602086A (en) * 1968-12-09 1971-08-31 Victor Comptometer Corp Air ignition system ammunition
US3676533A (en) * 1968-06-26 1972-07-11 Hercules Inc Method of preparing propellant charges from fibrous nitrocellulose
US3795195A (en) * 1970-01-21 1974-03-05 J Silva Electrical initiator
US3815503A (en) * 1970-10-19 1974-06-11 Direccion General De Investiga Self-propelling ballistic projectiles
US4759885A (en) * 1980-09-15 1988-07-26 Golden Powder Of Texas, Inc. Consumable case cartridge
US4899919A (en) * 1988-04-01 1990-02-13 Clumb Thomas E Self energizing fastener system
US5497929A (en) * 1993-11-05 1996-03-12 Innovative Quality Prod Corp Self-powered fastener system
US5726378A (en) * 1996-04-01 1998-03-10 Hodgdon Powder Company, Inc. Unitary propellant charge for muzzle loading firearms
WO1999024777A1 (en) * 1997-11-10 1999-05-20 Joe Lin Solid propellant charge unit for fasteners
WO2003084900A1 (en) * 2002-04-08 2003-10-16 Borisenko, Viktor Nikolayevich Method for production of nitrocellulose base for consolidated charges and consolidated propellant charge based thereon
US6688232B2 (en) 2001-12-31 2004-02-10 Legend Products Corporation Compressed powder charge for muzzleloader and black powder firearms
USD500830S1 (en) 2001-12-18 2005-01-11 Legend Products Corporation Propellant charge with tapered sidewalls
USD507323S1 (en) 2001-12-18 2005-07-12 Legend Products Corporation Compressed premeasured charge for firearms
US20060138715A1 (en) * 2004-12-01 2006-06-29 Lim Leong C Doped ceramic materials and methods of forming the same
US20060230971A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2006-10-19 Harrison Leslie M Projectile
US20070144393A1 (en) * 2005-12-22 2007-06-28 Maximillian Kusz Caseless ammunition with internal propellant
US7344610B2 (en) 2003-01-28 2008-03-18 Hodgdon Powder Company, Inc. Sulfur-free propellant compositions
US20090178585A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2009-07-16 Leslie Mervyn Harrison Projectile
US20120321413A1 (en) * 2010-02-12 2012-12-20 Fernando Masas Apparatus for installing fasteners and explosive loads for use therewith
US10118057B2 (en) * 2016-04-29 2018-11-06 Auburn University Fall restraint system

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5701A (en) * 1848-08-10 Walter hunt
US40092A (en) * 1863-09-29 Improvement in cartridge-bullets
US552919A (en) * 1889-09-24 1896-01-14 Cellular explosive charge
US1243253A (en) * 1916-07-27 1917-10-16 Charles Abbott Bush Cartridge.
US2307369A (en) * 1941-04-22 1943-01-05 Clyde B Ferrel Projectile
US2407264A (en) * 1942-10-20 1946-09-10 Ferrel Ind Inc Projectile
US3311057A (en) * 1965-08-03 1967-03-28 Joseph B Quinlan Combustible caseless ammunition

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5701A (en) * 1848-08-10 Walter hunt
US40092A (en) * 1863-09-29 Improvement in cartridge-bullets
US552919A (en) * 1889-09-24 1896-01-14 Cellular explosive charge
US1243253A (en) * 1916-07-27 1917-10-16 Charles Abbott Bush Cartridge.
US2307369A (en) * 1941-04-22 1943-01-05 Clyde B Ferrel Projectile
US2407264A (en) * 1942-10-20 1946-09-10 Ferrel Ind Inc Projectile
US3311057A (en) * 1965-08-03 1967-03-28 Joseph B Quinlan Combustible caseless ammunition

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3439635A (en) * 1967-12-28 1969-04-22 Hercules Inc Caseless ammunition with the primer operatively supported to the aft end of the projectile
US3482516A (en) * 1967-12-28 1969-12-09 Hercules Inc Caseless cartridges having the projectile housed in the propellant charge
US3676533A (en) * 1968-06-26 1972-07-11 Hercules Inc Method of preparing propellant charges from fibrous nitrocellulose
US3602086A (en) * 1968-12-09 1971-08-31 Victor Comptometer Corp Air ignition system ammunition
US3795195A (en) * 1970-01-21 1974-03-05 J Silva Electrical initiator
US3815503A (en) * 1970-10-19 1974-06-11 Direccion General De Investiga Self-propelling ballistic projectiles
US4759885A (en) * 1980-09-15 1988-07-26 Golden Powder Of Texas, Inc. Consumable case cartridge
US4899919A (en) * 1988-04-01 1990-02-13 Clumb Thomas E Self energizing fastener system
US5497929A (en) * 1993-11-05 1996-03-12 Innovative Quality Prod Corp Self-powered fastener system
US5544800A (en) * 1993-11-05 1996-08-13 Innovative Quality Products Corporation Self-powered fastener system
US5726378A (en) * 1996-04-01 1998-03-10 Hodgdon Powder Company, Inc. Unitary propellant charge for muzzle loading firearms
WO1999024777A1 (en) * 1997-11-10 1999-05-20 Joe Lin Solid propellant charge unit for fasteners
USD500830S1 (en) 2001-12-18 2005-01-11 Legend Products Corporation Propellant charge with tapered sidewalls
USD505706S1 (en) 2001-12-18 2005-05-31 Legend Products Corporation Compressed premeasured charge for firearms
USD507323S1 (en) 2001-12-18 2005-07-12 Legend Products Corporation Compressed premeasured charge for firearms
US6688232B2 (en) 2001-12-31 2004-02-10 Legend Products Corporation Compressed powder charge for muzzleloader and black powder firearms
WO2003084900A1 (en) * 2002-04-08 2003-10-16 Borisenko, Viktor Nikolayevich Method for production of nitrocellulose base for consolidated charges and consolidated propellant charge based thereon
US7344610B2 (en) 2003-01-28 2008-03-18 Hodgdon Powder Company, Inc. Sulfur-free propellant compositions
US20090178585A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2009-07-16 Leslie Mervyn Harrison Projectile
US20060230971A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2006-10-19 Harrison Leslie M Projectile
US7921780B2 (en) 2004-04-02 2011-04-12 Techventure Investments Pty Ltd Projectile
US7448325B2 (en) * 2004-04-02 2008-11-11 Techventure Investments Pty. Ltd. Projectile
US20060138715A1 (en) * 2004-12-01 2006-06-29 Lim Leong C Doped ceramic materials and methods of forming the same
US20070144393A1 (en) * 2005-12-22 2007-06-28 Maximillian Kusz Caseless ammunition with internal propellant
US20120321413A1 (en) * 2010-02-12 2012-12-20 Fernando Masas Apparatus for installing fasteners and explosive loads for use therewith
US10118057B2 (en) * 2016-04-29 2018-11-06 Auburn University Fall restraint system
US20190076682A1 (en) * 2016-04-29 2019-03-14 Auburn University Fall restraint system
US10537757B2 (en) * 2016-04-29 2020-01-21 Auburn University Fall restraint system
US10709913B2 (en) * 2016-04-29 2020-07-14 Auburn University Fall restraint system

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Publication number Publication date
BE715961A (cs) 1968-10-16

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