US3392356A - Winding formed from conductors of unequal length to reduce mechanical stresses - Google Patents

Winding formed from conductors of unequal length to reduce mechanical stresses Download PDF

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Publication number
US3392356A
US3392356A US406818A US40681864A US3392356A US 3392356 A US3392356 A US 3392356A US 406818 A US406818 A US 406818A US 40681864 A US40681864 A US 40681864A US 3392356 A US3392356 A US 3392356A
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United States
Prior art keywords
conductors
solenoid
central
winding
complementary
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Expired - Lifetime
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US406818A
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English (en)
Inventor
Cotsaftis Michel
Leon Bruno
Leroux Pierre
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F5/00—Coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/20—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets without armatures
    • H01F7/202—Electromagnets for high magnetic field strength

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of reduction of mechanical stresses at the ends of a winding and a device for the practical application of said method.
  • a coil whose conductors carry an electric current generates an electromagnetic field within its internal volume.
  • the conductors are accordingly subjected to electrodynamic stresses which result from the interaction of the field and the current.
  • the said stresses are correspondingly higher as the density of said field is greater, and the mechanical stresses which said conductors are then called upon to withstand may result in the deformation and even the destruction of the winding.
  • the present invention is directed to a method and arrangement which reduces the mechanical stresses at the ends of a winding, and which, accordingly, overcomes the disadvantages noted heretofore.
  • Said method and arrangement consist in making use of a coil having a number of conductors which are wound to define a cylinder having a radius R.
  • the different conductors C C C carry currents 1 I I
  • a transverse cross-sectional plane P cuts said coil along a circumference having a length L.
  • density I per unit length is understood to mean the ratio:
  • the conductors of a solenoid are arranged on a cylinder having a radius R so as to form one or a number of layers of helically wound conductors having an inclination to the direction of the generator-lines of said cylinder which is equal to an angle of 45 or an angle in the vicinity of this value, the current density J per unit length being constant.
  • each end of said solenoid or so-called central solenoid is extended by a complementary solenoid of equal radius which is wound at the same angle of inclination to the direction of the generator-lines of the cylinder having a radius R, in that on the one hand the length of each complementary solenoid is between 1 and 10 times the radius of said central solenoid and that, on the other hand, the current density per unit length decreases progressively from the value thereof in the interior of the central solenoid to a zero value.
  • the said method is further characterized in that, I being the current density per unit length in the interior of one of the complementary solenoids having a length L and a radius R, and J being the value of said density per unit length in the interior of the central solenoid, the terminal position of the conductors of the complementary solenoids is so determined as to produce a decrease in the current density I per unit length as a function of the position L along the axis of said complementary solenoids as represented by a curve which is located within the domain defined by the following inequations:
  • This method makes it possible to reduce to an appreciable extent the electrodynamic stresses which are exerted on the conductors.
  • FIG. 1 represents a diagrammatic longitudinal view of the form of embodiment of a winding as constructed according to the method which forms the subject of this invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary view of an embodiment of the invention wherein multiple layers of windings are utilized.
  • a cylindrical core 1 of insulating material carries on the central portion thereof a winding 26, 27 constittuing the central solenoid in which only eleven conductors have been shown for the sake of convenience, said conductors being juxtaposed but electrically insulated from each other and uniformly disposed around the periphery of the core. It is only for the sake of clarity of the figure that the conductors are shown as spaced apart. The angle of inclination of the conductors with respect to the generator-line of the coil is equal to 45.
  • the end-plates 3 and 13 at one end of the core and the end-plates 3' and 13' at the other end are spaced apart the same distances. Those portions of the core 1 which are occupied by said end-plates carry the so-called complementary windings.
  • a first conductor 14 is connected at one end to the end-plate 3' and at the other end to the end-plate 3 which is joined to the end-plate 4' by means of a connection 15 which is parallel to the axis of the core 1.
  • the process of joining the different conductors to the corresponding end-plates is thus continued, the eleventh conductor 19 being connected to the last transverse end-plate 13.
  • the said end-plate 13 as well as the first end-plate 3 are connected to a current supply source which has not been shown in the figure and which energizes the winding.
  • the distances between the endplates are chosen so as to ensure that, said end-plates being joined to the conductors as herein-above described, the current density per unit length within the complementary windings accordingly decreases progressively from the value of said density within the central winding to a zero value.
  • the domain of the plane JL as defined by the Inequations 1 to 3 is represented in FIG. 2.
  • the straight-line segment 23 is a portion of the straight line
  • the straight-line segment 25 corresponds to the
  • the current density per unit length within this solenoid as a function of the length L is, for example, represented by the discontinuous curve 20 (as shown in FIG. 2) which consists of ten steps 2!.
  • Eacls step corresponds to one portion of the complementary winding which is located between two consecutive end-plates and within which the density per unit length is constant.
  • the eleven conductors 2 which are wound in adjacent relation form one layer of the winding.
  • the said winding is composed of p layers, as shown in FIGURE 3, which are identical with the preceding and uniformly arranged over the periphery of the core 1 in such a manner that the eleventh conductor of one layer is adjacent to the first conductor of the following layer.
  • the corresponding conductors of the layers are connected in parallel to the corresponding metallic end-plates.
  • a first alternative form of the winding described above consists in dividing each metallic end-plate into N identical angular sectors which are electrically insulated from each other, each sector being designed to perform the function of an end-plate. It is thus possible to increase the number of layers of the winding and this latter can accordingly comprise a number of layers of superposed conductors.
  • This alternative form proves advantageous to the adaptation of the impedances of the winding and of the current source, so that the different layers can be connected either in parallel, in series or in seriesparallel.
  • a second alternative form consists in dispensing with the end-plates or sectors and in bending the ends of the conductors at right angles to the axis of the core 1 at the same place as that in which said conductors had previously been soldered to said end-plates or sectors, said conductor-ends being accordingly extended along the radii of the core.
  • a central solenoid portion comprised of a plurality of conductors helically wound in juxtaposed relationship with an axial pitch of about 45 degrees to form a predetermined number of layers of said central solenoid portion having a constant current density per unit length J said conductors being electrically extended at each end by a corresponding plurality of conductors comprising two complementary solenoid portions arranged, respectively, at the ends of said central solenoid portion;
  • each said complementary solenoid portion being helically wound with an axial pitch of about 45 degrees and having lengths which vary progressively from one to ten times the radius R of said coil winding to form a plurality of composite conductors on said central and complementary solenoid portions which have unequal lengths terminated at progressively decreasing distances from said central solenoid portion;
  • J is the current density per unit length in the interior of one of said complementary solenoids and the terminal position of the ends of said composite conductors is determined to cause a decrease in the current density per unit length as a function of the position L along the axis of said complementary solenoid which may be represented by a curve located within the domain of the plane J-L which is defined by the following inequations:
  • end plates being insulated from said cylinder and spaced symmetrically along said complementary solenoid portions, by progressively decreasing distances from said central solenoid portion, at locations which determine the terminal position of the ends of said composite conductors;
  • end plates are ring shaped and comprise a plurality of identical electrically isolated metallic sectors, the ends of said composite conductors located in the plane of one of said end plates each being joined to one of the sectors of said end plate.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
US406818A 1963-11-05 1964-10-27 Winding formed from conductors of unequal length to reduce mechanical stresses Expired - Lifetime US3392356A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR952656A FR1382248A (fr) 1963-11-05 1963-11-05 Procédé de réduction des contraintes mécaniques aux extrémités d'un bobinage et dispositif en comportant application

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3392356A true US3392356A (en) 1968-07-09

Family

ID=8815794

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US406818A Expired - Lifetime US3392356A (en) 1963-11-05 1964-10-27 Winding formed from conductors of unequal length to reduce mechanical stresses

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US3392356A (enExample)
BE (1) BE655110A (enExample)
CH (1) CH444307A (enExample)
DE (1) DE1285060B (enExample)
ES (1) ES305620A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR1382248A (enExample)
GB (1) GB1083484A (enExample)
LU (1) LU47220A1 (enExample)
NL (1) NL6412781A (enExample)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4229671A (en) * 1977-04-22 1980-10-21 Lesokhin Albert Z Multiturn coil for field poles of dynamoelectric machine
US4412199A (en) * 1980-07-08 1983-10-25 Asea Aktiebolag Regulating winding connected in series with a main winding of a transformer

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1481585A (en) * 1919-09-16 1924-01-22 Electrical Improvements Ltd Electric reactive winding

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191504230A (en) * 1915-03-17 1916-03-17 Harold Wade Improvements in or relating to Winding Machines for Winding Electrical Coils.

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1481585A (en) * 1919-09-16 1924-01-22 Electrical Improvements Ltd Electric reactive winding

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4229671A (en) * 1977-04-22 1980-10-21 Lesokhin Albert Z Multiturn coil for field poles of dynamoelectric machine
US4412199A (en) * 1980-07-08 1983-10-25 Asea Aktiebolag Regulating winding connected in series with a main winding of a transformer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU47220A1 (enExample) 1964-12-28
BE655110A (enExample)
NL6412781A (enExample) 1965-05-06
DE1285060B (de) 1968-12-12
ES305620A1 (es) 1965-05-01
FR1382248A (fr) 1964-12-18
CH444307A (fr) 1967-09-30
GB1083484A (en) 1967-09-13

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