US3389855A - Filter - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3389855A
US3389855A US552340A US55234066A US3389855A US 3389855 A US3389855 A US 3389855A US 552340 A US552340 A US 552340A US 55234066 A US55234066 A US 55234066A US 3389855 A US3389855 A US 3389855A
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United States
Prior art keywords
centrifuge
liquid
chamber
plate
gap
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Expired - Lifetime
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US552340A
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English (en)
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Muller Hans
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/04—Periodical feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/10—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl
    • B04B1/14—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl with periodical discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/02—Continuous feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
    • B04B3/02—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering discharging solid particles from the bowl by means coaxial with the bowl axis and moving to and fro, i.e. push-type centrifuges

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A centrifuge for separating solid particles suspended in a liquid from the latter, wherein a centrifuging chamber is provided between two plates fixed to the driven shaft of the centrifuge and extending axially spaced from each other transverse to the shaft, and an Vaxially movable tubular member surrounding the shaft and forming with the periphery of one of the plates filter means in form of a narrow annular gap through which the liquid may pass while the solid material will be retained by the gap and will accumulate on the inner surface of the tubular member to be discharged therefrom by moving the tubular member in axial direction so as to open the centrifugal chamber in radial direction.
  • Centrifuges for separating liquids from solids operate either as decanting centrifuges, where separation is effected by gravity, or as screening centrifuges, where the liquid is pressed by centrifugal force through a screen or fabric on which the solid particles are left behind.
  • centrifuge One of the disadvantages of both types of centrifuge is that the separated particles can be discharged from the centrifuging chamber only with diihculty. Either they must be discharged by hand, as in the case of the pendulum centrifuge, or the solid particles are insufiiciently freed from liquid and are deposited in the form of a thick sludge. Continuous discharge, as practised for example with the so-called thrust centrifuge, destroys and crushes the solid particles and can only be used with coarsegrained substances.
  • centrifuge for separating solids from liquids and having a rotatable shaft, in which two plates fixed to the shaft -form a cavity that serves to accommodate the liquid and that is closed at the periphery by a tubular member, the tubular member being adapted to move in the direction of the axis of rotation so as to enable the cavity to be outwardly opened and closed.
  • the liquid may be separated simply be decantation or else, as described, additionally by screen centrifuging.
  • decantation the liquid is separated in the cavity through deflection by means f a partition wall screening the outlet apertures.
  • screen centrifuging it is done through a narrow filtering gap which preferably parallel the axis of rotation, and the filter gap is cleaned of any separated solids when the cavity is opened by displacement of the tubular closure member.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through a centrifuge in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through a modification of the centrifuge.
  • FIG. 1 The basic principles of the centrifuge construction is shown in FIG. 1. Connected to the rotating shaft 300 are 3,389,855 Patented June 25, 1968 ice two disc-like plates 307 and 312 which are spaced a certain distance apart and thus form an annular cavity 301.
  • the plates 307 and 312 are preferably parallel, although they could also be arranged at a certain angle to one another so that the cavity 301 is trapezoidal.
  • a closure to the outside in the form of a tubular member 310 which can be moved in the direction of the shaft 300.
  • the plate 307 is fixed to the end of the shaft 300, whereas the plate 312 is fixed along its bottom edge to a hollow hub 303 projecting coaxially with the shaft 300 from the plate 307.
  • Lateral displacement of the closure 310 may be effected mechanically, pneumatically, hydraulically, electrically or magnetically.
  • the centrifuge to which the liquid-solid mixture is fed in direction of the arrow 304 through the hollow hub 303 and passage 306, is used as a decanting centrifuge, then it is equipped with an additional plate 312' extending substantially parallel to the plate 312 .and connected to the outer end of the hollow hub 303.
  • the mixture flows into the moving centrifuge at 306, the heavy solid particles are deposited in the chamber 301, .and the clear liquid flows out of the chamber 301 through a filtration gap 311 formed between the outer periphery of the plate 312 .and the inner surface ofthe member 310.
  • the plate 312 is formed at a radially inner portion thereof with at least one decanting passage 305 and the additional plate 312' having .
  • a radially outwardly located nozzle outlet aperture 309 and a radially inwardly located overflow aperture 305 forming in plate 312 opening means respectively substantially axially aligned with the gap 311 and the passage 305.
  • the amount flowing through is adjusted s0 as to be greater than the nozzle outlet can cope with.
  • the filtered liquid dams up in the chamber 308 up to the overflow aperture 305' and begins to liow out through the latter. But the damming up in the chamber 308 reduces the differential pressure at the filter gap t0 zero, and no more liquid fiows through the gap. Thus the filter gap 311 is no longer loaded and cannot become clogged.
  • the centrifuge is operated as a decanter until a sufficiently thick cake of residue has formed in the cavity 301, after which the'supply is cut off .at 304.
  • the level in the chamber 308 drops, and the -liquid begins to filter out of the cav-ity 301 into the chamber 308.
  • FIG. 2 shows a centrifuge with a filtration gap mentioned above.
  • a filtration gap 311 is left open between the outer rotating closure plate 312 and the rotating tubular closure member 310, and in many cases is able to replace a filter fabric normally used in centrifuges of this type.
  • the advantage of such a gap is that it is automatically cleaned by centifuging each time the centrifuge is opened. It may readily be used, for example, for separating crystals of a certain size.
  • the filtration gap is also suitable for so-called silting Y separation.
  • silting is effected, i.e. before filtration a relatively coarse-grained material used as an aid to filtration is silied in a clean liquid onto the filter surface-in this case onto the filtration gap.
  • the material 313 forms a previous filtration layer for the medium to be treated.
  • the liquid filtering through is forced outwardly by centrifugal force, i.e. onto the inner wall of the rotating tubular member 310, and accordingly has to pass through the auxiliary filtering layer 313 described.
  • the liquid flows along the inner wall of the rotating member towards the filtration gap 311 and there leaves the centrifuge filtered.
  • the filtration gap is relatively long, even a very narrow gap of only a few tenths of a millimetre wide will have a broad enough aperture section to let through large amounts of liquid.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has proved successful, for example, in decanting and subsequently drying residue from industrial and communal waste water.
  • the decanting action can be improved by fitting certain deliecting means in the actual cavity of the centrifuge, but such an improvement, i.e. an increase in efiiciency, can also be obtained if steps are taken to calm the fiow of liquid through the cavity-by suitable means, and above all to slow down the inwardly directed fiow.
  • FIG. l shows how this can be done.
  • the partition wall 302 fixed in the cavity 301 should if possible be arranged so as to make the inlet chamber 316 small in comparison with outlet chamber 317. This reduces the speed of flow of the emerging liquid and increases the separation effect.
  • a centrifuge for separating solid particulated particles suspended in a liquid from the latter comprising, in combination, a rotatable shaft; a pair of plates extending transverse to the axis of said shaft and being fixed to the latter axially spaced from each other; a tubular member surrounding said shaft and being axially movable between a closed position overlapping the outer peripheries of said plates and forming therewith a substantially closed centrifuging chamber and an open position opening said chamber in radial direction, one of said plates having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of said tubular member so as to form in the closed position of the latter filter means in form of a narrow annular gap therewith permitting the liquid to pass therethrough while retaining the particulated solid material, whereas the other plate iiuid-tightly engages the inner surface of said tubular member; and passage means communicating with said chamber for feeding solid particulated material suspended in a liquid thereinto.
  • tubular member has an annular edge face engaging that face of said additional lplate which faces the other of said pair of plates, and including annular sealing means providing a duid-tight seal between said edge face and said face of said additional plate when said tubular member is in said closed position.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
US552340A 1962-05-19 1966-05-23 Filter Expired - Lifetime US3389855A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH619862A CH406076A (de) 1962-05-19 1962-05-19 Zentrifuge

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3389855A true US3389855A (en) 1968-06-25

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ID=4305807

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US552340A Expired - Lifetime US3389855A (en) 1962-05-19 1966-05-23 Filter

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3389855A (nl)
BE (1) BE632147A (nl)
CH (1) CH406076A (nl)
FR (1) FR1362722A (nl)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3684162A (en) * 1970-07-30 1972-08-15 Herbert Schulz Centrifuge comprising a slowly rotating drum in a casing revolving at high speed
US4362620A (en) * 1979-03-15 1982-12-07 High Robert E Partitioned centrifuge
US4612126A (en) * 1981-10-19 1986-09-16 Dr. M, Dr. Muller AG Clarifying filtering centrifuge and method of use
US4642186A (en) * 1984-02-02 1987-02-10 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Clarifying apparatus

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3438571A (en) * 1965-03-08 1969-04-15 Alfa Laval Ab Centrifugal separator
ATE5515T1 (de) * 1979-10-19 1983-12-15 Otto Wimmer Zentrifuge.
JPS56501352A (nl) * 1979-10-19 1981-09-24
US4397638A (en) * 1981-12-11 1983-08-09 Fiberfuge Company Solid bowl centrifuge with intermittent rim discharge
DE3410423A1 (de) * 1984-03-21 1985-10-03 Krauss-Maffei AG, 8000 München Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trennen von stoffgemischen
CN85100169B (zh) * 1985-04-01 1985-09-10 中南制药机械厂 旁滤式自动离心机
EP0215418B1 (de) * 1985-09-16 1991-08-21 DrM.Dr. Hans Müller AG Klär-Filter-Zentrifuge und Verfahren zum Trennen von Suspensionen

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1355559A (en) * 1918-10-31 1920-10-12 Mauss Wilhelm Centrifugal separation
US1588526A (en) * 1922-09-18 1926-06-15 Henry B Cleveland Process and apparatus for dewatering material
US1648790A (en) * 1927-11-08 sturgeon
CH130495A (de) * 1927-02-22 1928-12-15 Ernst Knuettel Schleudermaschine für ununterbrochenen Betrieb.
DE588421C (de) * 1932-01-17 1933-11-20 Hoogerwerff & Co Zentrifugalscheider zur kontinuierlichen Trennung von Sand und Wasser
US3075693A (en) * 1959-05-11 1963-01-29 Gen Motors Corp Centrifuge filtration

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1648790A (en) * 1927-11-08 sturgeon
US1355559A (en) * 1918-10-31 1920-10-12 Mauss Wilhelm Centrifugal separation
US1588526A (en) * 1922-09-18 1926-06-15 Henry B Cleveland Process and apparatus for dewatering material
CH130495A (de) * 1927-02-22 1928-12-15 Ernst Knuettel Schleudermaschine für ununterbrochenen Betrieb.
DE588421C (de) * 1932-01-17 1933-11-20 Hoogerwerff & Co Zentrifugalscheider zur kontinuierlichen Trennung von Sand und Wasser
US3075693A (en) * 1959-05-11 1963-01-29 Gen Motors Corp Centrifuge filtration

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3684162A (en) * 1970-07-30 1972-08-15 Herbert Schulz Centrifuge comprising a slowly rotating drum in a casing revolving at high speed
US4362620A (en) * 1979-03-15 1982-12-07 High Robert E Partitioned centrifuge
US4612126A (en) * 1981-10-19 1986-09-16 Dr. M, Dr. Muller AG Clarifying filtering centrifuge and method of use
US4642186A (en) * 1984-02-02 1987-02-10 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Clarifying apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE632147A (nl)
FR1362722A (fr) 1964-06-05
CH406076A (de) 1966-01-15

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