US3387165A - Magnet structure for cylindrical gasfilled crossed-field diodes - Google Patents

Magnet structure for cylindrical gasfilled crossed-field diodes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3387165A
US3387165A US545486A US54548666A US3387165A US 3387165 A US3387165 A US 3387165A US 545486 A US545486 A US 545486A US 54548666 A US54548666 A US 54548666A US 3387165 A US3387165 A US 3387165A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cathode
crossed
cylindrical
magnetic field
anode
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Expired - Lifetime
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US545486A
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English (en)
Inventor
Boucher Gilbert
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Thales SA
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CSF Compagnie Generale de Telegraphie sans Fil SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
    • H01J17/02—Details
    • H01J17/14—Magnetic means for controlling the discharge

Definitions

  • This invention relates to gas-filled diodes of the type in which the electrons propagating from the cathode to the anode are submitted to the combined action of crossed electric and magnetic fields, and it is particularly concernexl with diodes having a cylindrical structure in which the anode occupies the axial position while the cathode is a cylinder surrounding the anode. More particularly, the present invention relates to diodes of the type specified, in which the distribution of the magnetic field in the interelectrode space is rendered heterogeneous so that the component thereof in the direction perpendicular to the electric field is variable and increases towards the cathode surface.
  • the magnetic field has an axial component whose desired intensity variation is achieved by producing the magnetic field with the aid of an electro-magnet, which comprises a winding that surrounds the cathode cylinder and has a small length in comparison with the length of the cylinder.
  • an electro-magnet which comprises a winding that surrounds the cathode cylinder and has a small length in comparison with the length of the cylinder.
  • the present invention has for its object a magnetic sys tem that allows to extend the discharge over the entireinterelectrode space and to utilize substantially the whole of the cathode surface.
  • the magnetic system in accordance wi.h the invention produces in the interelectrode space an inhomogeneous distribution of the magnetic field with an azimuthal component of periodically alternate directions.
  • the system of the present invention comprises a pair of pole pieces associated with a set of magnets which confer onto them opposite polarities, each pole piece having the shape of a rim provided with periodically spaced digits mutually intercalated like an interdigital line, surrounding the cathode cylinder.
  • FIGURES 1 and 2 are, respectively, an axial cross section and a transverse cross section of a diode provided with a magnetic circuit in accordance with the invention
  • FIGURE 3 is a perspective view of the magnetic circuit
  • FIGURE 4 represents the same circuit in a developed view and indicates the trajectories followed by the electrons.
  • FIGS l and 2 there are represented in these figures two electrodes 1 and 2 which function, respectively, as an anode and a cathode of a diode whose air-tight envelope is completed by discs 3 and 7.
  • Disc 3 supports the anode connection 4 tightly sealed to the glass base 5 which is also connected to the ring-shaped cathode connection 6.
  • Disc 7 comprises the exhausting stem 8.
  • the space comprised between electrodes 1 and 2 in the air-tight envelope is filled with an ionizable gas at an appropriate pressure.
  • a radial electric field is established in the interelectrode space by applying between connections 4 and 6 a direct current voltage, and a magnetic field is produced by means of a magnetic circuit in accordance with the present invention.
  • This circuit shown in perspective view in FIGURE 3, comprises two rims 11 and 12 each provided with digits such as 13 and 14, respectively, which digits extend along the generatrices of the cathode cylinder 2 (FIG. 1) and intercalate with each other in the manner of interdigital delay lines.
  • the two rims and the digits are made of a magnetically soft material and fixed together into a rigid assembly with the aid of non-magnetic struts 15.
  • Rims 11 and 12 are given N and S polarities, respectively by digits 13 and In with the aid of a set of horse-shoeshaped magnets 16 in staggered arrangement on adjacent digits. Some of these magnets are shown in FIGURE 3.
  • This device operates as follows:
  • the magnetic field has an azimuthal component of periodically alternate directions, as indicated by the lines of force 17 in FIGURE 2; moreover, the intensity of this component increases towards the cathode surface, like in the prior art devices.
  • the direction normal both to the radial electric field and to the azimuthal magnetic field is parallel to the generatrix of the cathode cylinder. Consequently, the electrons issued from cathode cylinder 2 follow first the direction of a generatrix as indicated by the path 18 in FIGURE 4 which represents in a developed view the circuit of FIGURE 3 with the superposition of the electron trajectory.
  • the electrons Upon arrival at either rim 11 or 12 the electrons meet a zone about the extremities of digits 13 or 14 Where the magnetic lines of force no longer are contained in planes perpendicular to these digits and where the distribution of these lines of force exhibit an axial component at 19.
  • the electron trajectory then is incurved so as to remain perpendicular to the magnetic lines of force and the electrons turn back along a generatrix in the reversed direction.
  • the trajectory 18 is therefore a meander which, nevertheless, gradually approaches the anode 1 so that the projection thereof onto the plane perpendicular to the axis is a spiral 20 as indicated in FIGURE 2.
  • a cylindrical magnetic structure for producing an inhomogeneous magnetic field in a substantially cylindrical, gas-filled, cross-field diode tube having an axial anode electrode and a cylindrical cathode electrode surrounding said anode, said magnetic structure comprising two circular rims surrounding said tube near the two extremities thereof, two sets of manually intercalated digits extending substantially parallelly to the axis of said tube and connected to said two rims, respectively, said rims and digits being made of a magnetically soft material,
  • a diode discharge device of the crossed field type comprising anode electrode means, cathode electrode means surrounding said anode electrode means, and means for producing a non-homogeneous magnetic field within the interelectrode space defined by said anode and cathode means including magnetic structure means defining a meander like path for the electrons emitted by said cathode means having to and fro path portions interconnected by reversing path portions and further means for producing in the to and fro path portions a magnetic field having an azimuthal component of periodically alternate directions with the intensity thereof increasing toward the cathode surface and for producing Within the reversing path portions a magnetic field of such configuration that the electrons continue to move in a predetermined direction to the next path portion.
  • said further means includes magnet means in staggered arrangement on adjacent digits of the interdigital-like circuit.

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US545486A 1965-05-04 1966-04-26 Magnet structure for cylindrical gasfilled crossed-field diodes Expired - Lifetime US3387165A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR15675A FR1450523A (fr) 1965-05-04 1965-05-04 Nouveau système générateur de champ magnétique pour diodes à gaz à champs croisés

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3387165A true US3387165A (en) 1968-06-04

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US (1) US3387165A (en))
DE (1) DE1539766A1 (en))
FR (1) FR1450523A (en))
GB (1) GB1115234A (en))
NL (1) NL6605952A (en))

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3660770A (en) * 1970-04-07 1972-05-02 William W Snow Magnetically controlled electron tube function generator
US20110147007A1 (en) * 2009-12-22 2011-06-23 Baker Hughes Incorporated Downhole-Adjustable Flow Control Device for Controlling Flow of a Fluid Into a Wellbore

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3084279A (en) * 1960-02-10 1963-04-02 Raytheon Co Travelling wave devices
US3215893A (en) * 1959-11-24 1965-11-02 Csf Cold cathode gaseous rectifier tube

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3215893A (en) * 1959-11-24 1965-11-02 Csf Cold cathode gaseous rectifier tube
US3084279A (en) * 1960-02-10 1963-04-02 Raytheon Co Travelling wave devices

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3660770A (en) * 1970-04-07 1972-05-02 William W Snow Magnetically controlled electron tube function generator
US20110147007A1 (en) * 2009-12-22 2011-06-23 Baker Hughes Incorporated Downhole-Adjustable Flow Control Device for Controlling Flow of a Fluid Into a Wellbore

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6605952A (en)) 1966-11-07
FR1450523A (fr) 1966-06-24
GB1115234A (en) 1968-05-29
DE1539766A1 (de) 1969-09-25

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