US3386635A - Web tensioning method and apparatus - Google Patents

Web tensioning method and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3386635A
US3386635A US521201A US52120166A US3386635A US 3386635 A US3386635 A US 3386635A US 521201 A US521201 A US 521201A US 52120166 A US52120166 A US 52120166A US 3386635 A US3386635 A US 3386635A
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United States
Prior art keywords
web
shoe
flutter
sheet material
pressure
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Expired - Lifetime
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US521201A
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English (en)
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Nash Paul
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H23/00—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs
    • B65H23/04—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally
    • B65H23/24—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally by fluid action, e.g. to retard the running web
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H23/00—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs
    • B65H23/02—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs transversely
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/36—Guiding mechanisms
    • D21F1/365—Guiding mechanisms for controlling the lateral position of the screen

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLUSURE A method and apparatus for applying tension to a moving web of sheet material such as paper so as to remove web flutter without damaging the web, and in which an elongated, movable shoe having an uninterrupted, smooth and flexible web contacting surface is held in contact with the moving web by fluid at a pressure suflicient to remove flutter, the fluid being contained in a pressure liner. There being available if required means to automatically regulate the fluid pressure in response to a web flutter detector.
  • This invention relates to a web tensioning method and apparatus and in particular to a web tensioning method and an adjustable, flexible camber, web tensioning apparatus which is particularly adapted for tensioning wide, moving webs of sheet material such as paper for the purpose of substantially removing web flutter no matter where such flutter occurs across the length of the moving web.
  • this invention will be found to be capable of eliminating a loose edge on wide webs of moving sheet material so that a section of said material unsupported between two spaced parallel rollers flows in a steady plane without any part of the unsupported web exhibiting flutter or whip. Also such a result can be achieved without in any way damaging even fine surfaced sheet material such as paper.
  • sheet material such as paper
  • the usual practice is to form the material as a continuous web which may have various widths and subsequently treat this web to impart the desired characteristics to the material. After treatment, the finished web must often be inspected for flaws of various types before being packaged or wound in rolls for shipment.
  • a further disadvantage of the known apparatus resides in the use of a plurality of shoes which will also damage the sheet material and particularly its surface, if it is a fine surface, by reason of the interrupted web contacting surface provided by such shoes. Such an arrangement can thus not be tolerated. In fact it would appear to be almost impossible to control web edge flutter, in an unsupported web section, with this known apparatus which is designed to avoid a break in a web which contains hard lumps.
  • a particularly important object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus capable of eliminating a loose edge in a fast moving web of sheet material so that a section of the web unsupported between two rollers will flow in a steady plane without any part of the unsupported web exhibiting flutter or whip, particularly at the edges.
  • a method for substantially evently tensioning a moving Web of sheet material across its entire width to remove web flutter comprising placing an elongated shoe having an uninterrupted, smooth and flexible web contacting surface in contact with said web so as to extend across the length of said web beyond one of its edges to beyond the other of its edges, applying pressure to said shoe so that the surface in contact with said web exerts pressure on said web and maintains suflicient fluid pressure on said shoe to substantially eliminate flutter in an unsupported section of said web entirely across its length.
  • an adjustable, flexible camber moving web tensioning apparatus which includes a suppirting structure, a shoe provided with an uninterrupted, smooth and flexible web contacting surface, shoe mounting means securing said shoe to said structure so as to permit movement of said shoe towards and away from a moving web with which said surface is in contact, and means co-operable with said structure and said shoe for exerting a variable pressure on said shoe in a manner such that said web contacting surface will exert pressure on a web with which said surface is in contact to tension and remove local looseness in said web thereby to remove local flutter.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic, end view showing one way in which the web tensioning apparatus of this invention can be employed with a known form of sheet material inspection apparatus;
  • FIGURE 2 is a detailed side view of the Web tensioning apparatus of FIGURE 1 with some parts broken away;
  • FIGURE 3 is an end view of the apparatus if FIG- URE 2;
  • FIGURE 4 is a section taken along the line 4-4 of FIGURE 2;
  • FIGURE 5 is a perspective view of a portion of a shoe used in the web tensioning apparatus of FIGURE 2;
  • FIGURE 6 is a perspective view of a portion of an alternative form of shoe for the web tensioning apparatus of FIGURE 2, this figure being found on the first sheet of drawings;
  • FIGURE 7 is an end view of the apparatus of FIG- URE 2 using the shoe of FIGURE 6, this figure also being located on the first sheet of drawings.
  • the web tensioning apparatus generally referred to by the reference numeral 1 is shown located between a pair of spaced rollers 6 and 7 and in contact with a web 3 of sheet material moving in the direction of arrow 4, under roller 6, over roller 7, which rollers are located ahead of the sheet material inspection apparatus generally referred to by the reference numerals 9, 9 and fully disclosed in Canadian Patents Nos. 608,103 issued Nov. 8, 1960, 636,717 issued Feb. 20, 1962, 636,813 issued Feb. 20, 1962, 637,535 issued Mar. 6, 1962, and 638,763 issued Mar. 27, 1962 and corresponding to United States Patents 3,105,151 and 3,105,- 152 issued on Sept. 24, 1963, (all to Paul Nash). After i: passing through the inspection apparatus 9 the web 3 passes over roller 10, under roller 11 and then normally onto a winder.
  • control means 8 may be utilized responsive to the detection means, for the purpose of actuating the control means 1, e.g., by connecting it to a source of fluid under pressure.
  • the web tensioning apparatus 1 will be mounted in the framework (not shown) of the sheet material inspecting apparatus so as to be manually adjustable at least in a direction substantially perpendicular to the path of travel of the web 3, if not also in other directions.
  • Such an adjustable mounting can take any desired form depending upon the particular form of apparatus on which the web tensioning apparatus is to be mounted.
  • the web tensioning apparatus 1 includes a supporting structure in the form of an elongated, open-bottomed, channelshaped housing 15 provided with three fitted, transverselyextending separator plates 16 which are secured to the housing 15 by means of screws 17.
  • Separator plates 16 in conjunction with a pair of identically-shaped end plates 18 divide the housing 15 into four open-bottomed chambers 19 of substantially equal length. End plates 18 are secured to the respective ends of housing 15 by means of screws 20.
  • An opposed pair of retaining strips 22 are secured by screws 23- along the entire length of the housing 15 at its inside bottom edges as clearly shown in FIGURE 3.
  • a pressure liner 25 which is inflatable to and maintainable at any desired pressure by means of conduit 26, in this embodiment an automotive type tire valve housing from which the valve has been removed.
  • Conduit 26 passes through, and is secured to, the upper wall of housing 15 by a nut 27 in a conventional manner.
  • the pressure liner may be suitably formed from sections of an inner tube.
  • each of the chambers 19 there is also located in each of the chambers 19 a U-shaped inner shoe 30 whose length is only slightly less than the length of the chamber 19 Within which it is located.
  • the inner shoe 30 will be formed of a sheet material such as nylon which is flexible and is also capable of moving against those portions of the apparatus with which it comes in contact during operation of the apparatus, with a minimum amount of friction.
  • This shoe is provided primarily to reduce friction of various parts of the apparatus on the liners 25, which friction if severe might cause premature failure of the liiters 25 thereby causing the tensioning apparatus to fai.
  • outer shoe 31 which constitutes a part of the web tensioning apparatus 1.
  • the outer shoe 31 is formed from a length of suitable sheet material and is provided with upturned side edges 32 which, to permit flexing of the shoe 31, are notched along substantially their entire length to provide a plurality of equally-spaced, inverted key-hole shaped notches 33 between which are located tongues 34.
  • the free ends of each of the tongues 34 are turned outwardly to provide lips 35 which as shown in FIGURES 3 and 4 engage with the retaining strips 22 to limit outward movement of the shoe 31 when the shoe is installed in the housing 15. Installation is accomplished by inserting the shoe 31 into the housing from one end so as to be positioned as clearly shown in FIGURES 2 and 3.
  • outer shoe 31 must be capable of readily flexing and be resistant to the wear caused by the sheet material passing over it, certain types of sheet material have been found preferable for use in forming it, such as for example of Phosphor bronze material having a thickness of approximately of an inch.
  • suitable sheet material from which the shoe can be formed includes beryllium, copper, steel or any other generally flexible and strong spring material.
  • the shoe 41 as illustrated in FIGURE 6 may be employed.
  • the modified shoe 41 may be, as with the shoe 31, provided with notches 33 and tongues 34 but these are located only along one upturned side edge 32 of the shoe.
  • the shoe 41 extends from that edge provided with the notches 33 and tongues 34 in a gradual curve so as to be more or less semi-circular in cross-section as clearly shown, and the side opposite side edge 32 is apertured along its length at 42 to permit it to be secured to the housing as shown in FIGURE 7.
  • the side edge 32 engages with a retaining strip 22 in the same manner as does the shoe 31. In this arrangement the sheet material would travel over the shoe from left to right as viewed in FIGURE 7.
  • shoe 41 makes it necessary to have only a single retaining strip 22 and no retaining clips 38 are required, a fact which permits the shoe 41 to be made the same length as the housing 15. Also modified shoe 41 is easily replaceable when necessary as a result of it being exposed to wear due to friction against the fast moving sheet material.
  • shoe 41 may be in its simplest form a flat, thin metal sheet (steel-shim stock of an inch thick for example), secured to shoe 31 by flexible strips of plastic or rubber, or spring clips attached only to the non-web-contacting side of shoe 41 facing the U-shaped housing.
  • the main purpose of utilizing an overlying, protective shoe 41 in this manner is to avoid wear on the main shoe 31 which is more expensive to manufacture. Also use of an overlying shoe 41 makes it possible to manufacture shoe 31 in sections rather than in one continuous length thus often resulting in a further saving as the longer the length of shoe 31, often the greater will be the expense involved in its fabrication, as compared with a number of shorter shoes.
  • shoes 31 or 41 will be movable to a limited extent, towards and away from the bottom opening in the housing 15.
  • the maximum outward extent of this movement for shoe 31 is shown by dotted lines 45 in FIGURE 3 wherein the shoe 31 is shown in its normal operating position.
  • shoes 31 and/or 41 are free to a limited extent to float with respect to the opening in the bottom of housing 15.
  • the apparatus is mounted as schematically illustrated in FIGURE 1 with the shoe, whether it be shoe 31 and/or shoe 41, substantially as positioned in FIGURE 3.
  • the shoe in contact with the web should extend across the web and beyond its edges.
  • Compressed air is then fed into each of the liners 25 by way of its respective conduit 26 with sufficient pressure being applied to reduce web flutter to an acceptable level without damaging the web. If for example the tension in the marginal portions of the web passing under roller 6 is less than that in the centre portions of the web, then the end liners 25 will require a slightly greater air pressure than the centre liners 25.
  • the web tensioning apparatus will normally continue to function in the required manner, that is to even out and provide the proper tension across the length of the web without further attention 6 as the flexibility of the shoe 31 and/or 41 combined with that of the inner shoe 30 and the resiliency of the inflated liners 25 will tend to automatically compensate for any small variances in web tension.
  • the web when passing under the sheet material inspection apparatus 9 will either be entirely free of flutter or will flutter only to an acceptable extent.
  • the web tensioning apparatus of this invention could be modified by removing the separator plates 16 and replacing the four liners disclosed in FIGURES 1 to 5 with a single liner having a single conduit.
  • the four inner shoes 30 could also be replaced by a single, long inner shoe slit for flexibility. Inflation of such a liner to a suitable pressure will be found to even. out variances in web slackness across its length and even at its edges in quite an acceptable manner.
  • variable pressure may be applied to the shoes 31 and/or 41 by other than liners 25.
  • liners 25 For example mechanically adjustable, foam rubber or plastic pads backed by metal or other solid material could replace the liners, the pads being movable mechanically and also as a result of their resiliency to provide suitable pressure on the shoes.
  • the signal intelligence proportional to web flutter generated in sections of the inspection head can operate for each camber bar section a three-way valve by an electro-mechanical transducer (several forms of which are well known in the art) so that the liner 25 or the pad is set to eliminate the web flutter.
  • a three-way air valve conveniently has one inlet connected to a source of pressure, a second inlet to liner 25, with its third inlet being open to atmosphere.
  • the present invention provides a simple and yet reliable, flexible camber web tensioning apparatus which is particularly suitable for use in controlling the tension of webs being inspected for faults but which is also useful for controlling and adjusting web tension for other reasons such as to insure proper winding of a web on calenders, winders, paper machines, etc., such as used in a paper-making plant.
  • a method for substantially evenly tensioning a moving web of sheet material across its entire width to remove web flutter comprising placing an elongated shoe having an uninterupted, smooth and flexible web contacting surface in contact with said web so as to extend across the length of said web from beyond one of its edges to beyond the other of its edges, applying fluid pressure to said shoe so that the surface in contact with said web exerts pressure on said web and maintains sufficient fluid pressure on said shoe to substantially eliminate flutter in an unsupported section of said Web entirely across its length.
  • the method of claim 1 further including the steps of detecting the presence of unwanted flutter in said unsupported section and controlling said. applied pressure automatically by means responsive to a signal from said flutter detecting means.
  • An adjustable, flexible camber moving web tensioning apparatus comprising a supporting structure, a shoe provided with an uninterrupted, smooth and flexible web contacting surface, shoe mounting means securing said shoe to said structure so as to permit movement of said shoe towards and away from a moving web with which said surface is in contact, and means co-operable with said structure and said shoe for exerting a variable pressure on said shoe in a manner such that said web contacting surface will exert pressure on a web with which said surface is in contact to tension and remove local looseness in said web thereby to remove local flutter.
  • variable pressure exerting means constitutes a fluid inflatable liner located within said supporting structure.
  • said supporting structure consists of an elongated housing provided with an opening in one side, said opening being covered by said shoe and said liner being located within said housing.
  • An adjustable flexible camber apparatus for tensioning unsupported sections of moving webs comprising;
  • each of the longitudinal edges of said shoe being upturned and notched at closely spaced intervals along their length
  • said free edges being engageable with respective shoe retaining strips to secure said shoe to said housing while permitting limited movement of said shoe towards and away from said housing.

Landscapes

  • Registering, Tensioning, Guiding Webs, And Rollers Therefor (AREA)
  • Controlling Rewinding, Feeding, Winding, Or Abnormalities Of Webs (AREA)
  • Advancing Webs (AREA)
US521201A 1965-01-22 1966-01-17 Web tensioning method and apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3386635A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA921436 1965-01-22

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US3386635A true US3386635A (en) 1968-06-04

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US521201A Expired - Lifetime US3386635A (en) 1965-01-22 1966-01-17 Web tensioning method and apparatus

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Country Link
US (1) US3386635A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH444655A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1465865A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1112751A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE322409B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3647128A (en) * 1969-09-17 1972-03-07 Burroughs Corp Web-tensioning device
US20080136091A1 (en) * 2006-12-11 2008-06-12 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for stabilization of a moving sheet relative to a sensor
US20090184463A1 (en) * 2008-01-21 2009-07-23 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for stabilizing a moving sheet relative to a sensor
US20100228518A1 (en) * 2009-03-09 2010-09-09 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for measuring properties of unstabilized moving sheets

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH369090A (de) * 1959-04-18 1963-05-15 Aluminium Ind Ag Einlaufbremse an Band- und Folien-Walzgerüsten
US3111285A (en) * 1961-06-19 1963-11-19 Sonoco Products Co Tension device
AT235602B (de) * 1961-05-03 1964-09-10 Billingsfors Laanged Ab Nach dem Prinzip des Berstprüfverfahrens arbeitende Vorrichtung zur Feststellung von Fehlern, z. B. örtlich schwachen Stellen in einer laufenden Bahn aus Bogen- bzw. Folienmaterial

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH369090A (de) * 1959-04-18 1963-05-15 Aluminium Ind Ag Einlaufbremse an Band- und Folien-Walzgerüsten
AT235602B (de) * 1961-05-03 1964-09-10 Billingsfors Laanged Ab Nach dem Prinzip des Berstprüfverfahrens arbeitende Vorrichtung zur Feststellung von Fehlern, z. B. örtlich schwachen Stellen in einer laufenden Bahn aus Bogen- bzw. Folienmaterial
US3111285A (en) * 1961-06-19 1963-11-19 Sonoco Products Co Tension device

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3647128A (en) * 1969-09-17 1972-03-07 Burroughs Corp Web-tensioning device
US20080136091A1 (en) * 2006-12-11 2008-06-12 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for stabilization of a moving sheet relative to a sensor
WO2008073771A1 (en) * 2006-12-11 2008-06-19 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for stabilization of a moving sheet relative to a sensor
US8282781B2 (en) 2006-12-11 2012-10-09 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for stabilization of a moving sheet relative to a sensor
US8632662B2 (en) 2006-12-11 2014-01-21 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for stabilization of a moving sheet relative to a sensor
US20090184463A1 (en) * 2008-01-21 2009-07-23 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for stabilizing a moving sheet relative to a sensor
US8028988B2 (en) 2008-01-21 2011-10-04 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for stabilizing a moving sheet relative to a sensor
US20100228518A1 (en) * 2009-03-09 2010-09-09 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for measuring properties of unstabilized moving sheets
US9109330B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2015-08-18 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for measuring properties of unstabilized moving sheets

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1465865A (fr) 1967-01-13
GB1112751A (en) 1968-05-08
SE322409B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-04-06
CH444655A (de) 1967-09-30

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