US3385997A - Thermoelectric junction for an indirectly heated cathode - Google Patents

Thermoelectric junction for an indirectly heated cathode Download PDF

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Publication number
US3385997A
US3385997A US559518A US55951866A US3385997A US 3385997 A US3385997 A US 3385997A US 559518 A US559518 A US 559518A US 55951866 A US55951866 A US 55951866A US 3385997 A US3385997 A US 3385997A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cathode
indirectly heated
emission
metal
temperature
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US559518A
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English (en)
Inventor
Vitzthum Diether
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Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
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Siemens Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens Corp
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Publication of US3385997A publication Critical patent/US3385997A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D307/78—Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans
    • C07D307/82—Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J1/02—Main electrodes
    • H01J1/13—Solid thermionic cathodes
    • H01J1/20—Cathodes heated indirectly by an electric current; Cathodes heated by electron or ion bombardment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an indirectly heated cathode, with at least one thermoelectric junction, for electrical discharge vessels, and is of special importance in high power tubes.
  • thermoelectric junctions which, as so-called hot places, have good heat transition relations with respect to the cathode body and which serve for the increase of the heat economy by means of the appearing Peltier effect. Since that p rtion of the heat effective through the Peltier effect, is below one percent for a present low heating voltage of 2 volts, this known arrangement has, due to the required very low heating voltage, no practical importance.
  • the cathode body consisting of a customarily used metal, such as molybdenum, nickel or the like, is employed as the one metal conductor, and is fastened, in particular welded, to a cathode support, consisting of such a different metal as platinum, tantalum or the like, which functions as the second metal conductor, so that a thermoelectrical junction is created, with the electrical connections to the parts constituting the two metal conductors being led separately out of the discharge vessel and the respective lead Wires thereof, up to a cold point, in particular up to the exist point, consisting of the same metal as the associated metal conductor.
  • a customarily used metal such as molybdenum, nickel or the like
  • the cathode body 1 In a cathode, for example, as used in a beam production system of a frequency modulation tube, the cathode body 1, not illustrated in detail, primarily comprises a storage container and a space for the heater involved, which may be either a free-standing or a cemented heater. At its upper edge, directly below the porous emission material carrier disk 2, a molybdenum ring 3 is rigidly connected to the cathode body, for example by sintering.
  • the radiation protective shell 4, for example, made of a tantalum foil cylinder, can be welded to the molybdenum ring in such a way that such attachment forms a thermoelectric junction 5.
  • the respective electrical connections at least up to a sufliciently cold spot, in particular to the exit point thereof from the tube, comprise, for the tantalum foil cylinder, a tantalum wire 6, and for the cathode body, a molybdenum Wire 7. Both metal conductors forming lead wires 6 and 7 are segregated from other corresponding systems, and are separately led out of the discharge vessel.
  • the thermovoltage produced at the thermoelectric junction 5, may be obtained at the respective lead conductors and measured to determined the emission temperature, as well as utilize for the control of temperature regulation means to which the heating current is responsive.
  • thermoelectric control of the temperature of an indirectly heated cathode may be produced in which the electric voltage, taken at the two metal conductors, and separately conducted, is applied to a temperature regulator which operates according to a compensation method, in which the deviation from the desired temperature value serves as a control voltage.
  • the deviation of the thermocontrol voltage may, according to the particular requirements and the permissible expenditure, be accomplished with or without a short interruption of the emission process.
  • An indirectly heated cathode, with at least one thermoelectric junction, for electric discharge vessels comprising a cathode body, consisting of a customary metal such as molybdenum, nickel or the like, forming one metal conductor, a cathode support, consisting of a different metal, such as platinum, tantalum or the like, forming the second metal conductor to which the cathode body is attached, particularly Welded, forming a thermoelectric junction, the parts forming the two metal conductors having individual lead-out lines to the exterior of the discharge vessel, such lead lines, up to a cold spot, in particular up to the lead-out point, consisting respectively of the same metal as the associated metal conductor.
  • thermoelectric temperature measuring device 4.
  • thermoelectric junction formed by parts of the cathode
  • the electric voltage, produced during operation is conducted to a temperature regulator controlling the heating current, said regulator operating, in particular, in the manner of a compensation circuit.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Solid Thermionic Cathode (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
US559518A 1965-06-30 1966-06-22 Thermoelectric junction for an indirectly heated cathode Expired - Lifetime US3385997A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES97897A DE1223063B (de) 1965-06-30 1965-06-30 Mittelbar geheizte Kathode fuer elektrische Entladungsgefaesse und Verfahren zur Temperatur-regelung der Kathode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3385997A true US3385997A (en) 1968-05-28

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US559518A Expired - Lifetime US3385997A (en) 1965-06-30 1966-06-22 Thermoelectric junction for an indirectly heated cathode

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US (1) US3385997A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (1) DE1223063B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
GB (1) GB1139006A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
NL (1) NL6608031A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
SE (1) SE300271B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4370588A (en) * 1979-06-21 1983-01-25 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Cathode assembly
US4567071A (en) * 1983-06-29 1986-01-28 Erich Glass Fast-heating cathode
US4644219A (en) * 1984-02-29 1987-02-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Beam generating system for electron tubes, particularly travelling wave tubes

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2146365A (en) * 1934-12-13 1939-02-07 John C Batchelor Electron emitter
US2416565A (en) * 1942-03-28 1947-02-25 Gen Electric High-frequency electronic device
US2655614A (en) * 1950-05-25 1953-10-13 Machlett Lab Inc Electron tube
US2677787A (en) * 1950-05-08 1954-05-04 Charles V Litton Electron discharge device cathode assembly

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2146365A (en) * 1934-12-13 1939-02-07 John C Batchelor Electron emitter
US2416565A (en) * 1942-03-28 1947-02-25 Gen Electric High-frequency electronic device
US2677787A (en) * 1950-05-08 1954-05-04 Charles V Litton Electron discharge device cathode assembly
US2655614A (en) * 1950-05-25 1953-10-13 Machlett Lab Inc Electron tube

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4370588A (en) * 1979-06-21 1983-01-25 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Cathode assembly
US4567071A (en) * 1983-06-29 1986-01-28 Erich Glass Fast-heating cathode
US4644219A (en) * 1984-02-29 1987-02-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Beam generating system for electron tubes, particularly travelling wave tubes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1223063B (de) 1966-08-18
SE300271B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1968-04-22
NL6608031A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1967-01-02
GB1139006A (en) 1969-01-08

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