Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3945—Organic per-compounds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
  • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
  • D06L4/12—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen combined with specific additives
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
  • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
  • D06L4/15—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen using organic agents

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an aqueous bleaching composition which comprises an organic peroxy acid, a water soluble source of an alkaline earth metal ion, and water, said composition having a peroxy acid concentration which provides an active oxygen concentration of from about to 150 parts per million.
• This invention relates to bleaching and more particularly concerns an improvement in organic peroxy acid bleaching compositions and a method of their use in bleaching operations whereby an unexpected increase in bleaching activity of organic peroxy acids is realized.
• a primary object of the invention is to provide a novel system for increasing the activity of peroxy acid-containing, or, peroxy acid-producing compositions, and particularly for increasing the bleaching activity thereof.
• Another object of the invention is to optimize the bleaching activity of organic peroxy acids thereby obtaining in bleaching operations brightness increases heretofore unrealized with peroxy acids alone.
• a related object is to provide a bleaching system and aqueous composition which does not detrimentally aifect articles bleached therein.
• the novel aqueous bleaching composition of the present invention comprises an organic peroxy acid selected from the group consisting of metachloroperoxy-benzoic acid, monoperoxyphthalic acid, or peroxyacetic acid, a water soluble source of an alkaline earth metal ion selected from the group consisting of magnesium or calcium, and water, said aqueous bleaching composition having an alkaline pH and a peroxy acid concentration which provides an active oxygen concentration of from about 10 to 150 parts per million (p.p.m.).
• the aqueous bleaching composition is further characterized in that with metachloroperoxybenzoic acid either calcium or magnesium ion is employed at a metal ion/peroxy acid ratio of from about 0.5 to about 1, with monoperoxyphthalic acid magnesium ion is employed at a metal ion/peroxy acid ratio of from about 0.5 to about 2.5 and, with peroxyacetic acid calcium ion is employed at a metal ion/peroxy acid ratio of from about 0.5 to about 1.
• the metal ion-to-peroxy acid ratio as used herein is based on moles of said metal ion to each acid group in the peroxy acid selected.
• the improvement in activity of the peroxy acid is in general in a direct relationship to the amount of said metal ion present in the solution. Greater concentration of said metal ions, though not detrimental to the article bleached, is of diminishing value in enhancing the activity of the selected peroxy acid.
• the present novel process for increasing the activity of peroxy acids in aqueous solution and especially the bleaching activity of certain organic peroxy acid materials utilizing the improved composition of the present invention comprises: providing an aqueous alkaline solution of metachloroperoxybenzoic acid, monoperoxyphthalic acid, or peroxyacetic acid, and introducing thereinto a water soluble source of an alkaline earth metal ion selected from the group consisting of magnesium or calcium, said aqueous alkaline solution having an apparent pH ordinarily of about 9 and preferably about 10, and a peroxy acid concentration expressed as active oxygen of from about 10 to about 150 p.p.m., said aqueous alkaline bleaching solution containing said metal ion being characterized in that when metachloroperoxybenzoic acid is selected either calcium or magnesium ion is introduced therein in a metal ion-to-peroxy acid ratio of from about 0.5 to about 1, when monoperoxyphthalic acid is selected magnesium ion is introduced'therein in an i
• the calcium or magnesium ions are normally introduced into the peroxy acid solution as soluble inorganic salts.
• a temperature within the range of from about F. to about 150 F. is ordinarily employed, but a temperature range generally limited only by said 100 F. as a minimum temperature and the boiling point of the respective bleaching solution may operably be employed.
• a temperature within the range of from about to about F. is used during bleaching.
• the brightness increase obtained is directly related to the active oxygen concentration, i.e., greater increases are obtained at the higher active oxygen concentrations.
• an active oxygen concentration of from about 10 to about 150 p.p.m. is employed in bleaching with peroxy acids, preferably from about 50 to about 100 p.p.m.
• the amount of water employed in the composition is that amount necessary to provide the aforesaid concentration of active oxygen in the solution.
• the pH of the bleaching solutions of the present invention are adjusted to an alkaline pH by eg the addition of caustic, etc.
• the present invention distinguishes from methods concerning the stabilization of bleaching compositions.
• magnesium sulfate in bleach baths containing hydrogen peroxide serves to stabilize said baths by e.g., minimizing decomposition
• neither calcium nor magnesium ions enhance the bleaching activity of hydrogen peroxide-containing solutions.
• neither magnesium nor calcium ion is effective to increase the bleaching activity of all peroxy acids, contrary to what might be expected if the ion were acting or being employed as a stabilizer.
• a brightness (reflectance) value of zero (0) was assigned 3 1.0 a piece of unbleached muslin which had been washed in a 2.0 gram solution of a hOusehold detergent called Tide. All brightness readings in the following examples were obtained using a Hunter Photovolt Reflectometer with a green tri-stimulus lilter.
• Example I Five by five (5 x 5") inch squares of unbleached muslin (brightness of were bleached in a solution at l30 F. and pH of 9.8 containing 2 grams of Tide detergent and 0.254 gram of 85% pure metachloroperoxybenzoic acid, corresponding to 20 parts per million (p.p.m.) active oxygen. The reflectance of the muslin bleached in the metachloroperoxybenzoie acid was determined to be 65.
• Example 11 Four bleaching baths were prepared. Each contained one liter of tap water and 2.0 grams of Tide detergent. Three contained sufficient metachloroperoxybenzoic acid to give 50 ppm. active oxygen. To one of these three baths, no additional chemicals were added. To a second was added a solution of magnesium sulfate sufficient to give one mole of magnesium ion per acid group in the metachloroperoxybenzoic acid. To the third bath was added a solution of calcium nitrate, in the same molar proportion with the peroxy acid. Each bath was maintained at 130 F. and adjusted to pH 9.8 by addition of NaOH solution.
• Example III The tests set forth in Example II were repeated but at a temperature of 100 F.
• the increase in brightness (reflectance) obtained is presented in Table II below:
• Example IV Similarly as in Example I unbleached muslin squares were bleached in a solution containing 2.0 grams of Tide detergent and an equal molar mixture of sodium perborate and phthalic anhydride (which react in aqueous solution to form monoperoxyphthalic acid) for about 10 minutes at F. The solution was adjusted to a pH of 9.8 and contained about 50 ppm. active oxygen. The brightness obtained was 20 as determined on the scale wherein the brightness of unbleached muslin was about 0.
• Example V The effect of increasing amounts of MgSO -7H O in bleaching unbleached muslin squares with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid to give an active oxygen concentration of 50 ppm. was determined in a series of experiments at 130 F. in which the moles of magnesium ion (introduced as MgSO per acid group in the metachloroperoxybenzoic acid was varied. The results of these tests are given in Table III below:
• Example VII Squares of unbleached muslin fabric (brightness at 0) were bleached for minutes in a bleaching solution comprising 2.0 grams of Tide detergent in one liter of tap water at a temperature of 130 F. To this was added sufiicient peroxyacetic acid to give 100 p.p.m. active oxygen and aqueous sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 10. The brightness of the muslin obtained from bleaching in this manner was 45.
• Two identical bleaching baths were prepared. To one was added a solution of calcium nitrate in a mole quantity equal to the number of acid groups in the peroxyacetic acid. To the other bath, as a comparative or control example was added a similar amount of magnesium sulfate.
• the brightness of the muslin after bleaching in the calcium nitrate-containing solution was about 58, whereas, the brightness of the muslin after bleaching in the magnesium sulfate-containing solution was about 46, this being substantially the same as for the peroxyacetic acid alone.
• This example illustrates the outstanding increases in brightness obtained by the introduction of calcium ion to peroxyacetic acid, while essentially no bleaching improvement is obtained by the introduction of magnesium ion to peroxyacetic acid.
• An aqueous bleaching composition consisting essentially of an organic peroxy acid selected from the group consisting of metachloroperoxybenzoic acid, monoperoxyphthalic acid, or peroxyacetic acid, a water soluble salt of an alkaline earth metal ion selected from the group consisting of magnesium or calcium, and water, said aqueous bleaching composition having an alkaline pH and a peroxy acid concentration which provides an active oxygen concentration of from about 10 to 150 parts per million, said aqueous bleaching composition being further characterized in that with metachloroperoxybenzoic acid an alkaline earth metal ion selected from the group consisting of magnesium or calcium is employed at a metal ion to peroxy acid ratio of from about 0.5 to about 1.0, with monoperoxyphthalic acid magnesium ion is employed at a metal ion to peroxy acid ratio of from about 0.5 to about 2.5, and with peroxyacetic acid calcium ion is employed at a metal ion to peroxy acid ratio of from about 0.5 to about 1.
• aqueous bleaching composition of claim 1 wherein said composition has a pH of at least about 9.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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Cited By (7)

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Citations (3)

• 1965
  • 1965-12-30 US US517787A patent/US3384596A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1968
  • 1968-04-05 BE BE713323A patent/BE713323A/xx unknown

Patent Citations (3)

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