US3381672A - Impulse forming and like machines - Google Patents

Impulse forming and like machines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3381672A
US3381672A US540086A US54008666A US3381672A US 3381672 A US3381672 A US 3381672A US 540086 A US540086 A US 540086A US 54008666 A US54008666 A US 54008666A US 3381672 A US3381672 A US 3381672A
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United States
Prior art keywords
piston
cylinder
energy
air
ram
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US540086A
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English (en)
Inventor
Tobias Stephen Albert
Bakhtar Farhang
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National Research Development Corp UK
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Nat Res Dev
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nat Res Dev filed Critical Nat Res Dev
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Publication of US3381672A publication Critical patent/US3381672A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/20—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor
    • B21J7/22—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor for power hammers
    • B21J7/24—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor for power hammers operated by steam, air, or other gaseous pressure
    • B21J7/26—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor for power hammers operated by steam, air, or other gaseous pressure operated by internal combustion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
    • B30B1/002—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by internal combustion mechanism

Definitions

  • This invention relates to impulse forming, forging or like machines.
  • Patent Number 3,253,399 is described such a machine in which use is made of the energy of combustion of a fuel to provide at least part of the energy for the initiation of movement and/ or full movement of a part, hereinafter called the ram, of the machine that is impulsed to deform a workpiece by impact therewith.
  • the ram a part of a die form
  • the shaping of the workpiece by the die is attained solely by virtue of the high velocity of the ram at impact.
  • the ram will normally be attached to a piston which is adapted to slide in a cylinder and the cylinder head will comprise a combustion chamber, the power stroke of the piston being caused by expansion of a combusting mixture of air and fuel which is injected into the chamher.
  • the return stroke of the ram will be accomplished by pressurising the underside of the piston from a supply of compressed gas which will usually be air and which will usually be used to charge the combustion chamber.
  • the charging pressure may be greater than that of the low pressure air without breaking a seal between the piston and the combustion chamber orifice because the cross-sectional area of the orifice will always be smaller than that of the cylinder.
  • the present invention arises out of an appreciation of the fact that, although some energy of the ram may be lost by this over-compression of the low pressure air, the over-compressed air may be used to advantage in operating the machine.
  • the over-compressed air is used directly, or indirectly, in the charging of the combustion chamber so as to increase the working energy of the ram.
  • the available power in the ram could be increased at least by 70 percent.
  • the machine comprises a ram 1 that is connected to a driving piston 3 by a shaft 2 which operates in a bearing 7 in plate 6, the bearing being sealed at 8.
  • the piston is arranged to slide in cylinder 4 and, in the pro-firing position, is held against the head 5 by low pressure air in the cylinder 25, so as to seal the combustion chamber orifice by means of a plug portion attached to the piston.
  • the combustion chamber 9 is completed by a finned member 10 having an exhaust valve 11 and inlet valve 12 therein. Fuel is injected into the chamber by means of an atomiser 13.
  • Spaced bolts serve to clamp the parts together to withstand the explosive and impacting forces, the parts 16 and 17 of the forming die being fixed to the ram 1 and base 18 respectively, columns 19 serving to space the plate 6 from the base.
  • low pressure air say at p.s.i.g. is introduced through valve 26 to the space 25 beneath the piston 3.
  • Vent valve 14 and exhaust valve 11 are opened at this stage to relieve the space above the piston and to permit exhaustion of the combustion products from the combustion chamber.
  • the pressure in the space 25 attains that of the low pressure supply.
  • valve 12 is opened to admit air from the accumulator 24, with valve 11 still open to permit the chamber 9 to be scavenged.
  • the combustion chamber becomes charged with air at the pressure of that within the accumulator 24 which, as will be understood from the description below, is maintained at a higher pressure than that of the low pressure supply.
  • Petrol is injected, by means of the atomiser 13, while air flow into the chamber continues and the petrol and air charges are well mixed in consequence.
  • Valve 12 is then closed, followed by closure of valves 14 and 26, and the fuel/ air mixture is ignited by means of a sparking plug 21.
  • Ignition results in a rapid rise of pressure in the combustion chamber and the back-pressure due to the low pressure air in the space 25 is overcome, so that the seal at the orifice of the combustion chamber is broken with the result that the high pressure is immediately applied to the full area of the piston which then rapidly accelerates and moves the ram downwardly along its impacting stroke.
  • valves 23 and 26 are closed, the downward movement of the ram is accompanied by rise of pressure in the space 25 above the pressure of the low pressure supply.
  • a predetermined value which will be the pressure at which it is desired Patented May 7, 1968 to maintain the air in the accumulator 24
  • valve 23 is opened and the over-compressed air is delivered to the accumulator during the remainder of the stroke of the piston.
  • valve 23 is closed though it may be arranged that the valve is closed at a pre-determined part of the stroke of the ram, but enables a greater amount of residual compressed air to remain in the space 25 to act as a cushion for the piston, and therefore for the ram.
  • valves 11 and 14 are opened and, with the compressed air acting behind the piston, the latter moves upwardly expelling the combustion products from the cylinder and the combustion chamber. Expansion of the residual over-compressed air in the space 25 causes the pressure to drop and, when it has reached the pressure of the low pressure supply, the inlet valve 26 is opened to force the piston to the upper end of its stroke whence the cycle of operations described above can be repeated.
  • the piston and cylinder arrangement is acting, in effect, as a compressor, drawing air into the cylinder during the return stroke of the piston and over-compressing it and delivering it to the accumulator, on the firing stroke.
  • the energy for impact being greatly dependent on the pressure at which the combustion chamber is charged, the use of a piston for boosting the air supply pressure for the combustion chamber results in a considerable increase of machine output.
  • An impulse machine comprising a cylinder, a piston for said cylinder, an energy chamber for said piston and cylinder combination, said energy chamber having access to said cylinder towards one end thereof and to one side of said piston, an end wall disposed at the other end of said cylinder, a sliding ram member, said ram member having a shaft connecting to said piston, said shaft passing through said end Wall, inlet valve means arranged to give access to said cylinder towards the end thereof associated with said end wall, means for connecting said inlet valve to a source of compressed gas, said inlet valve means being adapted to provide access for compressed gas from said source through said connection to said cylinder whereby said piston may be forced against said energy chamber, outlet valve means associated with said cylinder in the region of said end wall, said outlet valve means being arranged to permit of high pressure gas being built up against said end wall during the impulsive stroke of said piston, a high pressure system, means connecting said high pressure system to said outlet valve means for permitting the charging of said storage system during the impulsive stroke of said piston, and a high pressure connection between
  • An impulse machine comprising, an impulsed part, a piston member and cylinder therefore, said impulsed part being adapted to move under the influence of said piston member, an energy chamber for said cylinder, said energy chamber having access to said cylinder towards one end thereof and to one side of said piston, an upper plate and a lower plate for said cylinder, said energy chamber being associated with said upper plate and a relief valve for said cylinder in said upper plate, seating means on said upper plate adapted to co-operate with said piston member, inlet valve means associated with said lower plate for the supply of low pressure gas to the underside of said piston member for effecting a return stroke thereof, and to force said piston against said seating, high pressure outlet valve means associated with said lower plate, a high pressure gas system a connection between said high pressure gas system and said outlet valve means, a connection between said high pressure system and said energy chamber and valve means in said connection to said energy chamber to enable high pressure gas to be supplied from said system to said energy chamher for the release of chemical energy in said energy chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
US540086A 1965-04-06 1966-04-04 Impulse forming and like machines Expired - Lifetime US3381672A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1461365 1965-04-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3381672A true US3381672A (en) 1968-05-07

Family

ID=10044395

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US540086A Expired - Lifetime US3381672A (en) 1965-04-06 1966-04-04 Impulse forming and like machines

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3381672A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5241513B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR89794E (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE314648B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3850359A (en) * 1973-05-11 1974-11-26 Fastener Corp Fastener driving tool
US3967771A (en) * 1974-12-16 1976-07-06 Smith James E Self-contained impact tool
US4075850A (en) * 1975-06-07 1978-02-28 Max Co., Ltd. Striking tool
US4483473A (en) * 1983-05-02 1984-11-20 Signode Corporation Portable gas-powered fastener driving tool
US4483474A (en) * 1981-01-22 1984-11-20 Signode Corporation Combustion gas-powered fastener driving tool
USRE32452E (en) * 1981-01-22 1987-07-07 Signode Corporation Portable gas-powered tool with linear motor
US4821683A (en) * 1983-04-18 1989-04-18 Veldman Alphonsus G Portable power tool with improved combustion chamber charging means
US4905634A (en) * 1983-04-18 1990-03-06 Veldman Alphonsus G Portable power tool with improved combustion chamber charging means
CN110053001A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2019-07-26 美克司株式会社 打入工具
US20210154818A1 (en) * 2018-01-19 2021-05-27 Max Co., Ltd. Driving tool
US11279014B2 (en) * 2018-01-19 2022-03-22 Max Co., Ltd. Gas combustion type driving tool
US11338422B2 (en) * 2018-01-19 2022-05-24 Max Co., Ltd. Driving tool

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2072266A (en) * 1934-07-05 1937-03-02 Knorr Bremse Ag Percussive tool driven by an inter nal combustion engine
US2110754A (en) * 1935-11-30 1938-03-08 Alston Charles Henry Thomas Combustion engine
US2755783A (en) * 1953-06-18 1956-07-24 Mckiernan Terry Corp Free piston internal combustion pile hammer
US2792816A (en) * 1952-05-08 1957-05-21 Oyer Georges Rams for pile-drivers and the like
US2950705A (en) * 1958-02-05 1960-08-30 Knorr Bremse Gmbh Internal combustion percussive tools

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2072266A (en) * 1934-07-05 1937-03-02 Knorr Bremse Ag Percussive tool driven by an inter nal combustion engine
US2110754A (en) * 1935-11-30 1938-03-08 Alston Charles Henry Thomas Combustion engine
US2792816A (en) * 1952-05-08 1957-05-21 Oyer Georges Rams for pile-drivers and the like
US2755783A (en) * 1953-06-18 1956-07-24 Mckiernan Terry Corp Free piston internal combustion pile hammer
US2950705A (en) * 1958-02-05 1960-08-30 Knorr Bremse Gmbh Internal combustion percussive tools

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3850359A (en) * 1973-05-11 1974-11-26 Fastener Corp Fastener driving tool
US3967771A (en) * 1974-12-16 1976-07-06 Smith James E Self-contained impact tool
US4075850A (en) * 1975-06-07 1978-02-28 Max Co., Ltd. Striking tool
US4483474A (en) * 1981-01-22 1984-11-20 Signode Corporation Combustion gas-powered fastener driving tool
USRE32452E (en) * 1981-01-22 1987-07-07 Signode Corporation Portable gas-powered tool with linear motor
US4905634A (en) * 1983-04-18 1990-03-06 Veldman Alphonsus G Portable power tool with improved combustion chamber charging means
US4821683A (en) * 1983-04-18 1989-04-18 Veldman Alphonsus G Portable power tool with improved combustion chamber charging means
US4483473A (en) * 1983-05-02 1984-11-20 Signode Corporation Portable gas-powered fastener driving tool
CN110053001A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2019-07-26 美克司株式会社 打入工具
US20210154818A1 (en) * 2018-01-19 2021-05-27 Max Co., Ltd. Driving tool
US11279014B2 (en) * 2018-01-19 2022-03-22 Max Co., Ltd. Gas combustion type driving tool
US11338422B2 (en) * 2018-01-19 2022-05-24 Max Co., Ltd. Driving tool
US11911885B2 (en) * 2018-01-19 2024-02-27 Max Co., Ltd. Driving tool

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR89794E (fr) 1967-08-18
JPS5241513B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-10-19
SE314648B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-09-15

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