Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
  • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
  • F42B5/16—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile characterised by composition or physical dimensions or form of propellant charge, with or without projectile, or powder
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
  • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
  • C06B25/18—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
  • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
  • C06B25/18—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition
  • C06B25/20—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition with a non-explosive or a non-explosive or a non-thermic component
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
  • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
  • C06B45/18—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component
  • C06B45/36—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component the component base containing both an organic explosive or thermic component and an inorganic explosive or thermic component

Definitions

• the present invention is directed to propulsive powders for mortar shells.
• the powder comprises a granular mixture of a major proportion of a propulsive organic nitrate preferably nitrocellulose and a powdered metal or metal compound such as aluminum, magnesium, beryllium, lithium and lithium hydride.
• the granular powder mixture in addition possesses a superficial layer of a moderator such as centralites, dinitrotoluene, camphor, diphenylamine and urethanes which is applied by a glossing technique.
• Preferred powders contain from 0.5 to by weight of the metal or metallic compound and from about 0.5% to 20% by weight of the moderator.
• the firing of mortar shells is effected by ball-less cartridges, containing a propulsion powder charge enclosed in a case which is sealed by a mount folded in upon a sealing varnish.
• the pressure of the combustion gases acts upon the base of the mortar shell, the stern of which, pushed into the end of the tube, acts as a piston.
• the powder is ignited inside the sealed cartridge.
• the filling coeflicient i.e. the ratio of the useful charge to the charge occupying the interior volume of the cartridge
• ignition occurs under adverse conditions which is the cause of considerable variations of velocity and pressure.
• the forward end of the cartridge opens and the compressed gases escape into the tube. The sudden decompression which results inside the cartridge causes partial extinction to a greater or lesser extent of the powder when it is insufliciently ignited or when it has too low a resistance to extinction.
• the granular powder according to the invention is composed of a major part of nitrocellulose or an organic nitrate or a mixture of nitrocellulose and an organic nitrate and also contains:
• a moderating agent which can be introduced by a glossing technique, such as centralites, particularly ethyl centralite, 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 2,6-dinitrotoluene, camphor, diphenylamine, urethanes and similar materials.
• the thermal conductivity of the metals used is always much greater than that of the powders. As regards their energy of combustion, this can be characterised by the apparent potential of the metal which should be higher than that of the powder, the metals or metallic compound chosen having an apparent potential greater than 2000 cal./g.
• the amount of metal or metallic compound can range from 0.5% to 10% according to the nature of the metal or metallic compound and the operating characteristics of the shell. However it should be sufiiciently high for the powder to have sufiicient properties of ignition and a resistance to extinction without being high enough for the combustion products to cause too large an erosive action on the mortar as a result of a high combustion temperature and the presence of solid compounds in the combustion products of the powder.
• the amount of the moderator can range from O.520% according to the nature of the moderator and that of the metal or metallic compound introduced into the powder. It should always be sufficiently high for the combustion temperature of the superficial layer of the powder to be lower than the combustion threshold of the metal or the metallic compound contained in the powder. Also it should be sufiiciently low for the combustion temperature under constant volume of the superficial layer of the powder to be greater than 1800 K., the ignition of the powders below this value being very difficult to achieve.
• the moderators have the ability to be fixed in an external layer of greater or lesser thickness formed from the grains of powder and thus produce powders of mixed composition (or coated powders), the external composi- Pressure tests [t (initial temperature): 21 0.]
• this layer has a low energy and since the speed of ability tests tttllitltlllll t 1 w i llllllllllmmmlutm QWPIHM ma e I t f wwpttomtczpwtqlw pctwczcunwcwatt 80 qst)?
• W tic 1115 10 was no augment i 1115p sultan/t0 0 ⁇ A 010 m W W m 1/0 1/] not 2 ltltI/J/t ⁇ ll/[t at lt/tt [lit Ill/[t/ will 9 8001:] couqnctoz or post yuq p92 5! p18]!
• cuctlil 0100mt twat M t -tllt 67 (b) as a superficial layer in addition to the metal or metallic compound, from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight of a moderating agent having an imaginary negative apparent potential or low positive apparent potential, said moderating agent being capable of being introduced by a glossing technique and selected from the group consisting of centralites, dinitrotoluenes, camphor, diphenylamine and urethanes, said moderating agent being present in such quantity that the gases produced upon ignition of said powder by the layer containing the moderator have a temperature between the temperature at which there is no stable burning and the temperature above which detonation of the incorporated metal would be produced.
• a powder according to claim 1 having the following percentage composition by weight:
• a moderator selected from the group consisting of centralites, dinitrotoluenes, camphor diphenylamine and urethanes which is introduced into the external layer by a glossing technique.
• a powder according to claim 2 wherein the moderator is ethyl centralite.
• a powder according to claim 1 wherein the metal is aluminum.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Air Bags (AREA)
• Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
• Telescopes (AREA)
• Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8588710

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (5)

Families Citing this family (13)

Citations (3)

• 1965
  • 1965-09-21 FR FR32029A patent/FR1479246A/fr not_active Expired
• 1966
  • 1966-08-16 BE BE685566D patent/BE685566A/xx unknown
  • 1966-08-17 LU LU51773A patent/LU51773A1/xx unknown
  • 1966-08-22 CH CH1207666A patent/CH470328A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1966-08-30 GB GB48699/66A patent/GB1151918A/en not_active Expired
  • 1966-09-16 US US579820A patent/US3376174A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1966-09-20 NL NL666613282A patent/NL151968B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1966-09-20 NO NO164786A patent/NO115988B/no unknown

Patent Citations (3)

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