US3375043A - Methods of and means for effecting discharge of materials from tank cars - Google Patents

Methods of and means for effecting discharge of materials from tank cars Download PDF

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Publication number
US3375043A
US3375043A US521765A US52176566A US3375043A US 3375043 A US3375043 A US 3375043A US 521765 A US521765 A US 521765A US 52176566 A US52176566 A US 52176566A US 3375043 A US3375043 A US 3375043A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
hopper
discharge
tank cars
materials
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US521765A
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English (en)
Inventor
William E Fritz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Union Tank Car Co
Original Assignee
Union Tank Car Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Union Tank Car Co filed Critical Union Tank Car Co
Priority to US521765A priority Critical patent/US3375043A/en
Priority to GB57778/66A priority patent/GB1159830A/en
Priority to FR90393A priority patent/FR1507659A/fr
Priority to BE692326D priority patent/BE692326A/xx
Priority to DE19671481460 priority patent/DE1481460B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3375043A publication Critical patent/US3375043A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D5/00—Tank wagons for carrying fluent materials
    • B61D5/002—Tank wagons for carrying fluent materials for particulate or powder materials
    • B61D5/004—Tank wagons for carrying fluent materials for particulate or powder materials with loading and unloading means using fluids or vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/54—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying
    • B65D88/64—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying preventing bridge formation
    • B65D88/70—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying preventing bridge formation using fluid jets

Definitions

  • This invention relates to methods of and means for effecting the discharge of materials from tank cars. More particularly, the invention is directed to the discharge of various granular and/or powdery commodities from hopper-type tank cars through the employment of high velocity air films.
  • .Still another object of the invention is to provide means for creating high speed air flow with-in a hoppertype tank car so as to facilitate the optimum discharge of granular and/ or powdery commodities therefrom.
  • An additionel object of the present invention is to provide means for and methods of effecting the discharge of granular and/ or powdery commodities from hopper-type railroad tank cars through the use of high speed air films suitably directed across the inside surface of the commodity confining hoppers.
  • a further object of the present invention resides in the provision of a simple, relatively low cost means for and method of effecting the discharge of granular and/or powdered commodities from hopper-type railroad tank cars with maximum efficiency.
  • FIGURE 1 is a fragmentary elevational view of an end portion of a hopper-type railroad tank car embodying the features of the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a cross sectional view taken along the line 22 in FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is a cross sectional view taken along the line 3-3 in FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 4 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view depicting a preferred form of air film generating means contemplated by the present invention.
  • FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary plane view of the air film generating means illustrated in FIGURE 4.
  • the present invention is directed to an improved method of and means for effecting the discharge of various granular and/or powdery commodities from hopper-type railroad tank cars.
  • various materials e.g. cellulose acetate, various grades of calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, and other commodities
  • cellulose acetate, various grades of calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, and other commodities tend to adhere to, bridge across, or hangmp on the sloping walls of the conical, commodity confining hoppers of railroad tank cars typically employed to transport such meterials. Consequently, it is desirable to provide methods of and means for effecting the pressurized discharge of such materials through the use of discharging techniques which ensure the break up of any such bridging or hang-up of the con-fined material.
  • these desirable results are achieved by directing high speed air across the conical hopper surfaces in a manner such that optimum discharge efficiency and maximum cleanout is achieved.
  • FIGURES 1-3 depict one end portion of a typical hopper-type rail- 3,375,043 Patented Mar. 26, 1968 road tank car 10.
  • the tank car 10 is provided with a suitable support structure 11 and undercarriage or wheel assembly 12.
  • the car is preferably constructed so that a plurality of generally conically shaped hoppers 13 are provided along at least the lower half of the interior of the cylindrical tank shell.
  • the structure defining the discharge port for each hopper also provides means (not shown) of conventional type for accommodating the discharge of the confined commodity under the influence of pressurized air.
  • Pressurized air has been employed in the past to effect the discharge of materials from hopper type railroad tank cars of the type generally described above.
  • the previously employed techniques are not completely suitable when dealing with variout granular and powdered commodities of the general class outlined above. Accordingly, the present invention contemplates an improved technique for effecting the discharge of such commodities through the discharge ports 15.
  • the tank car 10 is preferably provided with a piping or ducting arrangement only a portion 16 of which is illustrated in the drawings. More specifically, a
  • pair of air supply lines 16a are suitably secured to and mounted in communication with apertures 14a formed in the hopper defining plates 14 'on diametrically opposed sides of but in close proximity to the discharge port 15 provided in each hopper.
  • the ends of the pipes 16 are welded or otherwise suitably joined to the aperture defining portions of the plates 14 so that direct communication is provided from the air lines 16a, through the apertures 14a and to the interior of each of the hoppers 13.
  • a deflector plate member 17 is joined to each of the apertured, hopper defining plate members 14 in aligned relationship with the corresponding aperture 14a.
  • the deflector plate 17, which is preferably slightly larger in diameter than the-adjacent aperture 14a, is secured by welding, bolting or other suitable means (not shown) so as to define a generally fan shaped opening 17a through which air emanating from the air line 16a can be discharged and suitably directed upwardly and along the inner hopper defining walls.
  • a pair of spacer elements 18 are positioned between the lowermost peripheral segments of each of the deflector plates 17 and adjacent the lower peripheral portion of the adjacent aper t-ure 14a.
  • spacer elements 18 ensure the desired spacing of the plate from the discharge opening 14a. Moreover, these elements 1'8 are proportioned so as to ensure that an optimum fan shaped, sweeping air flow pattern emanates from the region between the deflector plate and the aperture 14a (i.e. the spacer elements preferably compromise approximately one quarter of the circumferential area surrounding the aperture 14a with a small bleeder hole 18a being formed therebetween).
  • each of the deflector plates 17 coact with the controlled flow of air from the pipe so as to yield a relatively high velocity air stream that is directed in a sweeping manner upwardly and across the conical hopper walls. Because of the manner of mounting the deflector plate 17 to ensure an optimum fan shaped pattern as noted above, each such deflector arrangement yields a high velocity air flow that covers at least of the inner wall surface of each of the conical hoppers. In this connection, air pressures of approximately 15-100 p.s.i. can be employed to discharge the commodities previously discussed.
  • the present invention contemplates both an improved method of and apparatus for generating a sweeping-type, upwardly directed, high velocity air film across the entire internal surface of a tank car hopper compartment whereby both the undermining of the material and the discharge thereof is efiiciently effected.
  • suitable deflector and air film generating means as described above can be provided in other types of railroad tank cars to accomplish the necessary discharge and cleanout of materials stored therein.
  • the foregoing description is merely illustrative of the invention and various modifications of the structural and functional aspects thereof might be conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the invention, various features of which are set forth in the accompanying claims.
  • said last mentioned means being a non-porous deflector disc mounted in closely spaced relation to said inlet to ensure a sweeping deflection of said air film upwardly and across substantially the entire internal surface of said hopper compartment whereby undermining and discharge of the material confined therein is effected.
  • Apparatus for effecting the pressurized discharge and clean out of material from a hopper compartment having a discharge port provided in the lowermost extremity thereof comprises means defining at least one inlet for accommodating the passage of pressurized air to said hopper compartment adjacent the discharge port provided therein, means for supplying pressurized air to said inlet, and means secured to said inlet defining :means for translating pressurized air supplied through said inlet into an upwardly directed high velocity air film, said last mentioned means being a nonporous deflector disc mounted in closely spaced relation to said inlet to ensure a sweeping deflection of said air film upwardly and across substantially the entire internal surface of said hopper compartment whereby undermining and discharge of the material confined therein is effected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
US521765A 1966-01-20 1966-01-20 Methods of and means for effecting discharge of materials from tank cars Expired - Lifetime US3375043A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US521765A US3375043A (en) 1966-01-20 1966-01-20 Methods of and means for effecting discharge of materials from tank cars
GB57778/66A GB1159830A (en) 1966-01-20 1966-12-23 A Hopper and a method of Discharging the same
FR90393A FR1507659A (fr) 1966-01-20 1967-01-09 Procédé et appareil pour décharger des matériaux à partir de wagons-citernes
BE692326D BE692326A (xx) 1966-01-20 1967-01-09
DE19671481460 DE1481460B1 (de) 1966-01-20 1967-01-20 Entleerungseinrichtung fuer korn- oder pulverfoermiges Gut

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US521765A US3375043A (en) 1966-01-20 1966-01-20 Methods of and means for effecting discharge of materials from tank cars

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3375043A true US3375043A (en) 1968-03-26

Family

ID=24078055

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US521765A Expired - Lifetime US3375043A (en) 1966-01-20 1966-01-20 Methods of and means for effecting discharge of materials from tank cars

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3375043A (xx)
BE (1) BE692326A (xx)
DE (1) DE1481460B1 (xx)
FR (1) FR1507659A (xx)
GB (1) GB1159830A (xx)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1909219C3 (de) * 1969-02-24 1978-11-02 Fendt, Wolfgang, Dr., 8032 Graefelfing Pneumatische Einrichtung zur Produktaustragung aus Schüttgutbehältern
GB9913909D0 (en) 1999-06-16 1999-08-18 Clyde Pneumatic Conveying Limi Pneumatic conveying

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1029273A (en) * 1912-01-29 1912-06-11 Walter Butler Discharging device for bins.
US3254766A (en) * 1963-03-28 1966-06-07 Procter & Gamble Apparatus and method for sifting particulate bulk material
US3305142A (en) * 1965-05-21 1967-02-21 Ducon Co Aerating apparatus

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1182152B (de) * 1963-05-29 1964-11-19 Heinrich Scharf G M B H Silo fuer pneumatisch entleerbare Gueter

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1029273A (en) * 1912-01-29 1912-06-11 Walter Butler Discharging device for bins.
US3254766A (en) * 1963-03-28 1966-06-07 Procter & Gamble Apparatus and method for sifting particulate bulk material
US3305142A (en) * 1965-05-21 1967-02-21 Ducon Co Aerating apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1481460B1 (de) 1970-01-15
FR1507659A (fr) 1967-12-29
GB1159830A (en) 1969-07-30
BE692326A (xx) 1967-06-16

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