US3368799A - Method and apparatus for lubricating gear pumps - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for lubricating gear pumps Download PDF

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Publication number
US3368799A
US3368799A US536776A US53677666A US3368799A US 3368799 A US3368799 A US 3368799A US 536776 A US536776 A US 536776A US 53677666 A US53677666 A US 53677666A US 3368799 A US3368799 A US 3368799A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
pump
stream
conduit
gear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US536776A
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English (en)
Inventor
Sluijters Robert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzona Inc
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American Enka Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of US3368799A publication Critical patent/US3368799A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D11/00—Control of flow ratio
    • G05D11/006—Control of flow ratio involving a first fluid acting on the feeding of a second fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/60—Pump mixers, i.e. mixing within a pump
    • B01F25/62—Pump mixers, i.e. mixing within a pump of the gear type
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
    • D01D1/06—Feeding liquid to the spinning head
    • D01D1/065—Addition and mixing of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt; Homogenising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C13/00—Adaptations of machines or pumps for special use, e.g. for extremely high pressures
    • F04C13/001—Pumps for particular liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0003—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0088—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/12—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C2/14—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C2/18—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with similar tooth forms

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Process and apparatus for preventing abrasive components causing wear in gear pumps and the like metering abrasive containing materials to a liquid stream comprising continuously feeding a liquid free of abrasivecausing components along various component pump elements, such as a drive and rotor shaft, associated metering gears and the like; provision also is made for placing the pump in a bypass conduit wherein a portion of a liquid, for example, a viscous liquid being manufactured into filaments, fibers and films, is used as a lubricating and flushing liquid.
  • a liquid for example, a viscous liquid being manufactured into filaments, fibers and films
  • This invention relates to a method and apparatus for supplying to a stream of viscous liquids an additive having a relatively low viscosity and having an abrasive component of poor lubricating power.
  • This and other objects of the present invention are achieved by preventing an abrasive component and/or other types of low viscosity liquids from entering and thus interfering with the bearings of said pump by providing a continual flow of the higher viscosity liquid (for example, the liquid being manufactured into filaments, fibers or film and entirely free of or unmixed with the lower viscosity or abrasive containing liquid) along various driven parts, such as the drive shaft and associated gears of the metering pump used for introducing the lower viscosity or abrasive contain-ing liquid to a main stream flow.
  • the higher viscosity liquid for example, the liquid being manufactured into filaments, fibers or film and entirely free of or unmixed with the lower viscosity or abrasive containing liquid
  • driven parts such as the drive shaft and associated gears of the metering pump used for introducing the lower viscosity or abrasive contain-ing liquid to a main stream flow.
  • the highly viscous liquid stream which serves to continually wash and lubricate the various parts of the pump, may be branched off at any point where the main stream has not been admixed with another liquid. It may be branched off from the main viscose conduit, from a supply conduit to a first gear pump, or from a discharge conduit somewhere before a point where the additive is introduced. For practical reasons, however, it has been found particularly advantageous to branch off the higher viscosity liquid stream between a point at which the main stream is branched off and a point where the first branch stream rejoins the main stream.
  • Adequate protection from wear is obtained if, according to the invention, a liquid stream is passed through a second branch conduit or side stream at a throughput of about 0.5 to 10% of the total rate delivery of the pump, depending on the absolute capacity of the pump, the lubricating power of the main liquid and the additive(s), and the materials of which the pump is made. In some cases, merely a 4% lubricating stream was found to give adequate results.
  • the final mixing result obtained by the present method and apparatus may be further influenced by the rates of flow of the liquid through the various branches of the conduit system.
  • a more favorable mixing result is obtained if the proportion of the main stream passed through the first side stream or branch conduit is relatively large, and, according to the invention, it is preferred that the method be carried out wherein the difference in the delivery rate of the first and of the second pump in the branch line is about 5 to 20%, preferably around 10% of the delivery rate of the second pump.
  • the flow of the protecting liquid stream may be maintained without making any special provisions. It has been found that this condition is difficult to realize in actual practice, however. It is therefore preferred that the second stream be branched from the main stream through a gear pump in order to permit and maintain proper flow. The gear pump can then also serve to accurately meter the protecting liquid stream.
  • Wear of the second gear pump in the first branch conduit is reduced even further and use can be made of an even smaller protective stream, provided a low-viscosity additive (with the abrasive component) is previously mixed with the viscous liquid in the first branch conduit before flowing through the second gear pump. It is therefore preferred to have the additive mixed with the viscous liquid in the first branch conduit between the two gear pumps by means of a mechanically operated mixer. Subsequently, and especially after the branch stream has rejoined the main stream, the liquid may be further passed through a mechanical mixer or alternatively, a mixing device comprising a series of stationary bafiles or re- 3 strictors as disclosed in commonly assigned U.S. Letters Patents Nos. 3,051,452 and 3,051,453.
  • the housing of the second gear pump in the first branch conduit should be provided with an additional feed inlet which communicates with a system of channels that feed into openings or spaces provided near the ends of the pump shafts and closely adjacent to the shaft sealing means therefor.
  • the protecting liquid is led to a point from which it may be evenly distributed along the shaft bearings and the side faces of the pump gears. Proper liquid distribution along the side faces automatically insures proper protection of the shaft bearings.
  • a gear pump having a gear drive shaft wherein the shaft ends are provided with helical grooves which run to near the side faces of the gears. By use of this expedient, resistance to the protecting liquid flowing therethrough is reduced.
  • Constructing the grooves with proper directional characteristics also serves to effectively pump the liquid along the drive shaft.
  • Apparatus for effectively carrying out the invention comprises a main spinning liquid conduit provided with a pump, e.g. a gear pump, and, beyond the pump, a bypass branch conduit in which two gear pumps are located and separated by an inlet for the pigment suspension.
  • a pump e.g. a gear pump
  • a bypass branch conduit in which two gear pumps are located and separated by an inlet for the pigment suspension.
  • This second branch conduit feeds into an additionally provided feed inlet of the second gear pump in the first branch conduit.
  • Spinning liquids to which the materials may be addcd according to this invention comprise natural polymers such as viscose, acetate casein; or synthetic polymers such as polyamides, aromatic polyesters, polyphenylene oxides or acrylonitriles.
  • Suspensions to be admixed may be pigments and/ or other aids to improve the spinning process or the quality of the product, e.g., titanium dioxide.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic representation of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIGURE 2 shows the novel bypass and fluid flow of the gear pump comprising the essential elements in detail according to this invention.
  • numeral 1 refers to a main conduit for a stream of viscose.
  • the viscose is pumped through the conduits by gear pump 2.
  • conduit 4 branches off from main conduit 1 and runs through additional gear pumps 5 and 6.
  • conduit 7 enters into the conduit, at which point there is located a closed mixer 8 which is provided with convenient stirrer means.
  • the liquid discharged by the gear pump 6 passes through the conduit 9 and re-enters the main conduit 1 at connection 10.
  • a second conduit 12 branches off and runs through gear pump 13 to gea'r pump 6.
  • Mixer 14 is of the stationary type and can be of the type disclosed in US. Patents No. 3,051,452 and No. 3,051,453.
  • a stream of a pigment suspension is fed to mixer 8. This stream is mixed with the stream of viscose flowing through the branch conduit 4.
  • Mixer 8 is conventional and comprises a cylindrical housing having fixed pins extending radially inwardly from the wall. A stirrer is provided with pins which extend outwardly and may move between the pins affixed to the walls of the cylindrical housing.
  • the apparatus described above serves to meter a viscous stream to a fiber spinning machine.
  • Gear pump 2 is designed for a delivery rate of 10,000 liters/hour and pump 5 for a rate of 500 liters/hour.
  • Pump 6 is designed for a rate of 630 liters/hour. Only a fraction of these quantities, however, passes through the gear pump 13, namely 5 liters/hour, and serves to lubricate the pump 6.
  • titanium dioxide is fed to the system at a rate of liters/hour.
  • FIGURE 2 the gear pump 6 is shown in detail.
  • the pump comprises part 15 in which drive shaft 21 is mounted.
  • a pack of flat piates 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 are mounted a pack of flat piates 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20. These plates are provided with openings serving to channel the liquid (not shown) to be pumped and to receive and house the gears and the shafts.
  • Drive shaft 21 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow.
  • a gland 22 which is pressed against a packing system 23 and insures that a liquid-tight seal is obtained between the driving shaft and the pump.
  • a rotor shaft 25 connects to shaft 21 and is driven thereby via a coupling member 24.
  • Rotor shaft 26 is driven by the intermeshing of gears 27 and 28.
  • All shafts inside the pump are provided with helical grooves 29, and with oppositely directed helical grooves 30. Such grooves serve to aid in the pumping of the liquid being introduced to gears 27 and 28.
  • Liquid is supplied to the bearings and grooved shaft through the system of channels 31 to 36.
  • Channel 12 (shown in FIGURE 1) connects to inlet opening 31.
  • the gear pump 13 serves to pump a minor proportion of unmixed viscose through conduit 12 into the inlet opening 31. From this point this stream of viscose flows through channels 32 to 36, passing through the grooves 29 and 30 reaching the side faces of the gears 27 and 28. The viscose then flows radially outwards along said faces and around the circumferential surfaces of the gears 27 and 28 Where it is mixed with the previously admixed viscose.
  • viscose supplied by line 4 and containing an abrasive component will be prevented from penetrating between the side faces of gears 27 and 28, and plates 17 and 19. Accordingly, wear of said side faces and plates and of the shafts 26 and 25 is prevented.
  • a method of preventing wear in metering pump moving parts used to supply an abrasive additive to a viscous liquid solution comprising injecting to said pump a separate and distinct unmixed portion of said viscous liquid to wash and lubricate said moving parts thereof and at a pressure sufiicient to prevent contact of the abrasive additive with said parts.
  • said viscous liquid is a liquid used to form filaments, fibers, and film.
  • An apparatus for admixing a pigment suspension with a spinning liquid comprising a main spinning liquid conduit provided with a pump, a primary bypass conduit connected to the main conduit in which two gear pumps are located and separated by an inlet for the pigment suspension, and a second bypass conduit connected to said main conduit, said second bypass conduit also provided with a gear pump for independently feeding a portion of the unmixed spinning fluid to serve as a lubricating liquid to the last gear pump located in the first bypass conduit.
  • Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said last gear pump is provided with a feed inlet communicating with a system of channels, said system adapted for feeding an unmixed spinning liquid to a drive shaft and rotor shafts Within said pump, said shafts further having means to feed said liquid to side faces of gear mechanisms attached to and driven by at least one of said rotor shafts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
US536776A 1965-04-14 1966-03-23 Method and apparatus for lubricating gear pumps Expired - Lifetime US3368799A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6504738A NL6504738A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1965-04-14 1965-04-14

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US3368799A true US3368799A (en) 1968-02-13

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US536776A Expired - Lifetime US3368799A (en) 1965-04-14 1966-03-23 Method and apparatus for lubricating gear pumps

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3368799A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT279032B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE679197A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1557165A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES325467A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1555479A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6504738A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3447472A (en) * 1966-06-20 1969-06-03 Dowty Hydraulic Units Ltd Gearing and lubricating means therefor
US4015828A (en) * 1972-11-06 1977-04-05 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Injection of additives into liquid streams
EP0024024A1 (de) * 1979-08-10 1981-02-18 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Zahnradpumpe mit Selbstschmiereinrichtung
US4336213A (en) * 1980-02-06 1982-06-22 Fox Steve A Plastic extrusion apparatus and method
US4376512A (en) * 1980-11-20 1983-03-15 Kenneth Kistner Coating system
US4427308A (en) 1982-02-01 1984-01-24 Sandberg John R Hydrokinetic spindle assembly
US4471963A (en) * 1984-01-09 1984-09-18 Luwa Corporation Sealing member for rotating shaft and method of sealing therewith
US4516918A (en) * 1982-05-25 1985-05-14 Trw Inc. Pump assembly
EP0189670A1 (en) * 1985-01-05 1986-08-06 Maag Pump Systems AG Gear pumps
US5027653A (en) * 1990-06-22 1991-07-02 Foran Jr Charles D Flowmeters having rotors with grooved bores and lands
US5224838A (en) * 1991-04-07 1993-07-06 Paul Troester Maschinenfabrik Gear pump with groover sealing means
US5324183A (en) * 1992-03-06 1994-06-28 Hermann Berstorff Maschinenbau Gmbh Apparatus for producing a controllable, uniform conveying pressure for processing highly viscous rubber or thermoplastics
US6179594B1 (en) * 1999-05-03 2001-01-30 Dynisco, Inc. Air-cooled shaft seal
US6685453B2 (en) 2001-06-14 2004-02-03 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Fluid transfer machine with drive shaft lubrication and cooling
US20100144550A1 (en) * 1998-03-11 2010-06-10 Exonhit Therapeutics Qualitative Differential Screening
US11603842B2 (en) * 2019-08-14 2023-03-14 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Method of priming a pump of an aircraft engine

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE445245B (sv) * 1982-06-23 1986-06-09 Jerzy Janczak Hydraulpump eller hydraulmotor
DE10022889B4 (de) * 2000-05-25 2007-12-20 Lurgi Zimmer Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen von synthetischen Fäden aus einer Polymermischung auf Polyesterbasis
DE102019105220A1 (de) * 2019-03-01 2020-09-03 Hammelmann GmbH Hochdruckpumpe, Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hochdruckpumpe und Homogenisator

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2796240A (en) * 1954-12-21 1957-06-18 American Viscose Corp Dual pump
US2963980A (en) * 1957-05-03 1960-12-13 Fostoria Corp Fluid take off connections for motor driven pumps and the like
US2986096A (en) * 1955-10-24 1961-05-30 Plessey Co Ltd Journal bearing

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2796240A (en) * 1954-12-21 1957-06-18 American Viscose Corp Dual pump
US2986096A (en) * 1955-10-24 1961-05-30 Plessey Co Ltd Journal bearing
US2963980A (en) * 1957-05-03 1960-12-13 Fostoria Corp Fluid take off connections for motor driven pumps and the like

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3447472A (en) * 1966-06-20 1969-06-03 Dowty Hydraulic Units Ltd Gearing and lubricating means therefor
US4015828A (en) * 1972-11-06 1977-04-05 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Injection of additives into liquid streams
EP0024024A1 (de) * 1979-08-10 1981-02-18 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Zahnradpumpe mit Selbstschmiereinrichtung
US4336213A (en) * 1980-02-06 1982-06-22 Fox Steve A Plastic extrusion apparatus and method
US4376512A (en) * 1980-11-20 1983-03-15 Kenneth Kistner Coating system
US4427308A (en) 1982-02-01 1984-01-24 Sandberg John R Hydrokinetic spindle assembly
US4516918A (en) * 1982-05-25 1985-05-14 Trw Inc. Pump assembly
US4471963A (en) * 1984-01-09 1984-09-18 Luwa Corporation Sealing member for rotating shaft and method of sealing therewith
EP0189670A1 (en) * 1985-01-05 1986-08-06 Maag Pump Systems AG Gear pumps
US5027653A (en) * 1990-06-22 1991-07-02 Foran Jr Charles D Flowmeters having rotors with grooved bores and lands
US5224838A (en) * 1991-04-07 1993-07-06 Paul Troester Maschinenfabrik Gear pump with groover sealing means
US5324183A (en) * 1992-03-06 1994-06-28 Hermann Berstorff Maschinenbau Gmbh Apparatus for producing a controllable, uniform conveying pressure for processing highly viscous rubber or thermoplastics
US20100144550A1 (en) * 1998-03-11 2010-06-10 Exonhit Therapeutics Qualitative Differential Screening
US6179594B1 (en) * 1999-05-03 2001-01-30 Dynisco, Inc. Air-cooled shaft seal
US6264447B1 (en) * 1999-05-03 2001-07-24 Dynisco Air-cooled shaft seal
US6685453B2 (en) 2001-06-14 2004-02-03 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Fluid transfer machine with drive shaft lubrication and cooling
US11603842B2 (en) * 2019-08-14 2023-03-14 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Method of priming a pump of an aircraft engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6504738A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-10-17
AT279032B (de) 1970-02-25
ES325467A1 (es) 1967-05-01
DE1557165A1 (de) 1970-04-02
FR1555479A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-01-31
BE679197A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-09-16

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