US3366463A - Sintered shaped structure formed of penetration-bonded metal, particularly for arcing electric contacts - Google Patents

Sintered shaped structure formed of penetration-bonded metal, particularly for arcing electric contacts Download PDF

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Publication number
US3366463A
US3366463A US565146A US56514666A US3366463A US 3366463 A US3366463 A US 3366463A US 565146 A US565146 A US 565146A US 56514666 A US56514666 A US 56514666A US 3366463 A US3366463 A US 3366463A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
metal
shaped structure
penetration
skeleton
copper
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US565146A
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English (en)
Inventor
Schreiner Horst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Schuckertwerke AG
Siemens Corp
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Siemens Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/26—Impregnating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9265—Special properties
    • Y10S428/929—Electrical contact feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/1216—Continuous interengaged phases of plural metals, or oriented fiber containing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12993—Surface feature [e.g., rough, mirror]

Definitions

  • This contact comprises a sintered, shaped structure of a penetration-bonded metal, consisting essentially of at least one higher and one lower melting metal.
  • the pores of a compressed body, reinforced by sintering of at least one higher melting metal have a surface roughness of l-30 m.
  • the pores are filled with a lower melting metal.
  • the body has on the surface thereof a layer of the impregnating metal 1-10 ,um. thick.
  • a porous skeleton is first of all produced by pressing and sintering the metal powder of the high melting components. The skeleton is then filled in by impregnation of the lower melting component. The metal skeleton is located in a graphite mold during impregnation. A raw work piece is obtained, which is larger than the finished shaped structure.
  • These contacts receive their final shape by turning or polishing on a lathe. This usually entails considerable waste of valuable contact material. Difficulties also occur during galvanic silver plating of the surfaces, machined by chip-removing tools. To obtain a satisfactory galvanic silver plating, it is necessary first to dissolve the tungsten particles from the surface.
  • the object of the invention is a sintered, shaped structure formed of penetration-bonded metal, which is particularly suitable for electric arcing contacts and which is not afllicted with the above-mentioned disadvantages.
  • a high melting metal powder or preferably, a metal powder mixture which contains at least one higher melting and one lower melting component is first pressed and sintered into a skeleton having a surface roughness between 1 and 30 m. Subsequently, the skeleton is saturated with a lower melting metal component and simultaneously provided with a thin, uniform coating of a lower melting component.
  • a thin, uniform cover layer of the impregnating metal- is obtained over the entire surface of the skeleton, at a surface roughness of 1 to 30 m.
  • the initial powder mixture with the very evenly distributed metal powder components is compressed at such a high pressure that the volume of pores corresponds to the desired volume of impregnation.
  • the sinter shrinkage occurring during the :sintering of the skeleton is thereby taken into account.
  • the linear sinter shrinkage amounts to approximately 0.5 to 2%.
  • the stability of the sinter skeleton lies between 5 and 10 kp./ mm?.
  • the grain size distribution of the initial metal powder mixture is preferably so selected that the central surface pores of the sinter skeleton are smaller than 50 ,um. in diameter and that the surface roughness amounts to l to 30 m.
  • a particularly favorable copper layer several m. thick is obtained with the impregnating metal copper at a temperature between 1150 and 1250 C. This layer gives the penetration-bonded metal the appearance of a galvanically copper-plated compact body. The copper layer adheres very well to the skeleton since it is a continuation of the impregnating metal.
  • FIG. 1 relates to the structure build up
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show electrical pre-contacts of penetration-bonded metals.
  • FIG. 1 shows a micro-diagram of a section through the sintered, shaped structure.
  • 1 is the impregnating metal and 2 the tungsten skeleton.
  • 3 is the surface layer which extends directly into the pores of the skeleton filled with impregnating metal and 4 is the outer surface layer deposited on 3.
  • the metal powder for the production of the sinter skeleton may consist of pure tungsten, pure molybdenum or of a powder mixture.
  • Metal powder mixtures which are particularly favorable comprise tungsten, molybdenum, rhenium or mixtures thereof as arcing resistant components with copper or silver and one or two components of the metals, nickel, cobalt, chromium or iron. Copper or silver is present up to 2 to 10% whereas the share of nickel, cobalt, chromium, iron is 0.5 to 5%.
  • the metal powder may be utilized in the form of reduction powders (W, Mo, Re), electrolyte powders (Cu, Ag, Fe), carbonyl powders (Ni, Co, Fe), or mechanically broken up powder (Cr).
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an arcing point
  • FIG. 3 an arcing ring with 4, the surface layer.
  • Example 1 Reduction tungsten powder of a grain size 25 ,um. was compressed into a shaped structure with Mp./cm. the compression density was 11.3 g./cm.
  • the compressed body was sintered at 1700 C., in a vacuum or in hydrogen, for the duration of an hour, to give a sintered density of 11.5 g./cm.
  • Impregnation of the sinter skeleton occurred using copper in an amount calculated to fill the pores and provide an excess of 1.5 g. copper. This was at 1200 C. for A of an hour, in a hydrogen atmosphere or in a vacuum.
  • An additional, linear shrinkage of 0.7% occurred during saturation.
  • the total shrinkage of 1.3% was added as an excess of the compressed body.
  • the density of the saturated sinter skeleton amounted to 14.8 g./cm and the surface of the shaped structure was entirely covered with a several a thick copper layer.
  • Example 2 A powder mixture of 99.5% by weight of reduction tungsten powder (W of grain size 250 ,um. and 0.5% by weight carbonyl-Ni powder of grain size m was compressed after intensive mixing with 2 Mp./cm. into a shaped structure; the pressure density amounted to 11.4 g./cm. After sintering for an hour at 1300 C. in hydrogen or in a vacuum, a sinter density of 11.6 g./cm. was obtained at a shrinkage of 1.2%. Following saturation of the sinter skeleton with copper under conditions described in Example 1, an additional shrinkage of 0.6% was obtained; the density of the impregnated bonded metal amounted to 14.7 g./cm. This shaped structure is also coated at its surface by a shining, pure copper layer.
  • reduction tungsten powder W of grain size 250 ,um. and 0.5% by weight carbonyl-Ni powder of grain size m was compressed after intensive mixing with 2 Mp./cm. into a shaped structure;
  • the surface roughness of the sinter skeleton amounts to between 1 and 30 ,um.
  • Example 3 A powder mixture of 07.8% by weight reduction tungsten powder of grain size 200 am. (median grain size 60 ,um.), 2% by weight electrolyte copper powder of grain size 200 ,um. (median grain size 40 ,wm.), and 0.2% by weight carbonyl-Ni powder of grain size 5 m. was compressed after intensive mixing with 2 Mp./cm. into a shaped structure. The compression density was 11.2 g./cm. The diameter of the pressed portion, according to FIG. 2, amounted to 20.20i0.04 mm. Sintering occurred at 1300" C.
  • FIG. 3 was prepared as above. Following one hour of sintering at 1300 C. in hydrogen or in a vacuum, a sinter density of 11.6 g./cm. was obtained at a shrinkage of 1.2%. After impregnating the sinter skeleton with copper under conditions described in Example 1, an additional shrinkage of 0.6% was obtained; the density of the saturated bonded metal amounts to 14.7 g./cm. This shaped structure is also coated by a shiny, pure copper layer at its surface.
  • An electric arcing contact comprising a sintered, shaped structure of a penetration-bonded metal, consisting essential-1y of a compressed body of at least one higher and one lower melting metal, wherein the pores of a compressed body, reinforced by sintering of at least one higher melting metal, have a surface roughness of 1-30 rn, said pores are filled or impregnated with a lower melting metal, and said body has on the surface thereof a layer of the impregnating metal 1-10 m. thick.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
US565146A 1965-07-20 1966-07-14 Sintered shaped structure formed of penetration-bonded metal, particularly for arcing electric contacts Expired - Lifetime US3366463A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES0098310 1965-07-20

Publications (1)

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US3366463A true US3366463A (en) 1968-01-30

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Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3366463A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1483300B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1488488A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1152837A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3489530A (en) * 1966-06-03 1970-01-13 Siemens Ag Penetration-bonded metal composition for power-breaker contacts
FR2151009A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1971-09-01 1973-04-13 Siemens Ag
US3945807A (en) * 1972-11-16 1976-03-23 Nihon Shinku Gijutsu Kabushiki Kaisha Metal tool
US3960554A (en) * 1974-06-03 1976-06-01 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Powdered metallurgical process for forming vacuum interrupter contacts
US3985512A (en) * 1972-11-08 1976-10-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Telluride containing impregnated electric contact material
US4032301A (en) * 1973-09-13 1977-06-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Composite metal as a contact material for vacuum switches
US4530815A (en) * 1982-06-29 1985-07-23 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of producing a contact device for a switch

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4455354A (en) * 1980-11-14 1984-06-19 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Dimensionally-controlled cobalt-containing precision molded metal article

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2313070A (en) * 1940-06-22 1943-03-09 Mallory & Co Inc P R Metal composition
US2633628A (en) * 1947-12-16 1953-04-07 American Electro Metal Corp Method of manufacturing jet propulsion parts
US2669008A (en) * 1951-06-30 1954-02-16 Philips Lab Inc Method of manufacturing tungsten articles of predetermined shape and dimensions
US2851381A (en) * 1955-04-05 1958-09-09 Gibson Electric Company Simultaneous infiltrating and obtaining a brazable surface
US2922721A (en) * 1956-04-02 1960-01-26 Sintercast Corp America Method for coating and infiltrating a porous refractory body
US3107418A (en) * 1958-09-23 1963-10-22 Mc Graw Edison Co Refractory metal contacts and methods of manufacture

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2313070A (en) * 1940-06-22 1943-03-09 Mallory & Co Inc P R Metal composition
US2633628A (en) * 1947-12-16 1953-04-07 American Electro Metal Corp Method of manufacturing jet propulsion parts
US2669008A (en) * 1951-06-30 1954-02-16 Philips Lab Inc Method of manufacturing tungsten articles of predetermined shape and dimensions
US2851381A (en) * 1955-04-05 1958-09-09 Gibson Electric Company Simultaneous infiltrating and obtaining a brazable surface
US2922721A (en) * 1956-04-02 1960-01-26 Sintercast Corp America Method for coating and infiltrating a porous refractory body
US3107418A (en) * 1958-09-23 1963-10-22 Mc Graw Edison Co Refractory metal contacts and methods of manufacture

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3489530A (en) * 1966-06-03 1970-01-13 Siemens Ag Penetration-bonded metal composition for power-breaker contacts
FR2151009A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1971-09-01 1973-04-13 Siemens Ag
US3985512A (en) * 1972-11-08 1976-10-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Telluride containing impregnated electric contact material
US3945807A (en) * 1972-11-16 1976-03-23 Nihon Shinku Gijutsu Kabushiki Kaisha Metal tool
US4032301A (en) * 1973-09-13 1977-06-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Composite metal as a contact material for vacuum switches
US3960554A (en) * 1974-06-03 1976-06-01 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Powdered metallurgical process for forming vacuum interrupter contacts
US4530815A (en) * 1982-06-29 1985-07-23 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of producing a contact device for a switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1483300B2 (de) 1973-10-11
GB1152837A (en) 1969-05-21
FR1488488A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-11-02
DE1483300A1 (de) 1969-09-18

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