US3365875A - Composite elastic yarns - Google Patents

Composite elastic yarns Download PDF

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Publication number
US3365875A
US3365875A US519316A US51931666A US3365875A US 3365875 A US3365875 A US 3365875A US 519316 A US519316 A US 519316A US 51931666 A US51931666 A US 51931666A US 3365875 A US3365875 A US 3365875A
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United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
elastic
filament
package
bulked
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Expired - Lifetime
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US519316A
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English (en)
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Hall Richard
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Chemstrand Ltd
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Chemstrand Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/32—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic
    • D02G3/328—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic containing elastane

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the production of textile yarns and particularly to elastic yarns consisting of an inner continuous elastic filament and an outer covering consisting of a bulked thermoplastic yarn, and preferably a bulked continuous multifilamen-t thermoplastic yarn.
  • thermoplastic yarn or yarns composed of, for example, filaments or fibres formed from nylon, synthetic linear polyesters, such as Terylene (registered trademark), cellulose acetate, polyethylene, polypropylene, or acrylonitrile polymers or copolymers.
  • a method for the production of a composite elastic yarn comprising the steps of providing at least one bulked thermoplastic yarn wound on a package, unwinding said yarn from said package so as to reduce the bulk of the yarn to zero, feeding said yarn to a series of capstan rolls, providing an elastic filament wound on a rotatably driven package geared to said capstan rolls, feeding said elastic filament to said capstan rolls to join said yarn, the ratio of the surface speed between said capstan rolls and the rotatably driven package being variable to cause the clastic filament to be stretched to a predetermined amount between the capstan rolls and the rotatably driven package, feeding said composite yarn to a take-up package and imparting twist to said composite yarn, all-owing the composite yarn to relax so as to permit the elastic filament to contract and the thermoplastic yarn to return to a bulked condition exceeding its original bulk.
  • the invention also includes the product of the said method having a high degree of yarn evenness and bulk exceeding that of the original thermoplastic yarns.
  • the accompanying drawing is a diagrammatic representation of an apparatus suitable for carrying out the invention.
  • a bulked thermoplastic yarn 1 is fed from a supply package 2 through a tension device 3 whereby the bulk of the yarn is reduced to zero.
  • the yarn 1 is then fed to capstan rolls 4.
  • capstan rolls 4 At this point the yarn 1 is joined by a continuous elastic filament 5 in a stretched condition, the yarn 1 and the elastic filament 5 being both passed together around the capstan rolls 4.
  • the elastic filament is delivered from a supply package 6 which is surface driven by rolls 7 each mounted on a spindle, the rolls 7 being geared directly to the capstan roll shaft so that the ratio of the surface speed between the capstan rolls and the elastic filament feed rolls can be varied in such a manner that the surface speed of the capstan rolls with respect to the surface speed of the elastic filament feed rolls are in the ratio of 1.5 :1 and 5.0:1.
  • the capstan rolls are so geared as to deliver the composite yarn through a thread guide 8 to a take-up package 9, twist being imparted to the yarn due to the revolution of the take-up package spindle 10 and the ring and traveller 11.
  • This plying twist may suitably vary from about 3 to as much as about 10 turns per inch either Z or S.
  • the variation in surface speed between the elastic filament feed rolls and the capstan rolls causes the elastic filament to be stretched from 50 percent to 400 percent between the two points depending on the selection of gears.
  • the elastic filament will be maintained at a constant rate of extension throughout the production of the composite yarn.
  • the originally bulked yarn 1 will no longer be in a bulked condition and the elastic continuous filament will be in a stretched condition.
  • the elastic filament will contract to its original length, causing the inelastic yarn to reach a bulked condition, the extent of which is even greater than that possessed by the inelastic yarn prior to being subjected to tension.
  • the bulked thermoplastic yarn can be composed of filaments or fibres formed from nylon, synthetic linear polyesters, such as Terylene (registered trademark), cellulose acetate, polyethylene, polypropylene, and acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers, but is most preferably a yarn composed of continuous multifilaments of one of the named materials.
  • Thermoplastic inelastic yarns which are bulked in some manner to afford a certain degree of stretch to the yarn are originally employed. In the case of staple fibre yarns they may be blends of unshrunk and highly shrinkable or high-bulk fibres.
  • they are bulked continuous multifilament yarns prepared by crimping by any known means, such as false twisting, stutter crimping, gear crimping, etc., or otherwise inducing bulk into the continuous multifilaments, such as by tangling by an air jet with hot air or other fluid.
  • the elastic filament is sheathed by a single thermoplastic bulked yarn, it will be understood that a plurality of thermoplastic bulked yarns may be employed by feeding two or more ends of bulked thermoplastic yarn with one end of the elastic filament so as to produce multiend composite yarns.
  • the elastic composite yarns of the invention demonstrate very desirable physical properties in that they have increased bulk and increased modulus over the inelastic thermoplastic bulked yarns employed as starting yarns and they demonstrate a very high degree of yarn evenness having no thick or thin segments and no cockles in the yarns. These excellent physical properties demonstrated by the composite elastic yarns are carried over into fabrics produced therefrom either by knitting, weaving or other means.
  • the invention is further illustrated by the following example.
  • EXAMPLE 1 A composite elastic filament was produced by the present method employing an apparatus as illustrated in the attached drawing.
  • an elastic filament of 70 denier spandex was extended 250* percent and joined at the capstan rolls by one end of 70 denier, 34 filament nylon continuous multifilament bulked yarn which had been bulked by the false twist-heat set-untwist process.
  • the downtwister take-up inserted 5 turns per inch of Z doubling twist while the extension of the spandex filament was maintained.
  • the resulting elastic composite yarn recovered to the original length of the spandex filament and constituted an elastic composite yarn which was quite even, demonstrating no cockles or thick and thin segments even when extended to 230 percent of the recovered length and greater bulk than the initial bulked nylon yarn.
  • resulting double knit fabric demonstrated a wet stretch of 171 percent in width and 110 percent in length, dry stretch of 150 percent in width and 96 percent in length, a recovery after stretch loading for minutes of 93 percent in width and 95 percent in length using standard swimwear test methods.
  • the fabrics showed a smooth appearance in the greige and after finishing and were suitable fabrics for swimwear or other stretch garments.
  • EXAMPLE 2 In this example a composite elastic filament was produced from an elastic filament of 140 denier spandex extended to 300 percent and joined at the capstan rolls by a 2 ply yarn of 30 denier, 10 filaments in each ply of bulked continuous multifiiament nylon which 2 ply yarn had been bulked by the false twist-heat set-untwist process.
  • the downtwister take-up inserted 5 turns per inch of Z doubling twist while the extension of the spandex filament was maintained.
  • the resulting elastic composite yarn recovered to the original length of the spandex filament and constituted an even elastic yarn capable of 270 percent extension of the final recovered length.
  • Samples of the above yarn were knitted with a 2 ply 30 denier 10 filament crimped nylon yarn in alternate courses into surgical stockings on a circular knitting seamless stocking machine. This surgical stocking demonstrated satisfactory stretch properties and control.
  • EXAMPLE 3 A composite elastic filament was produced in the same manner as the above examples employing an elastic filament of 280 denier spandex extended 360 percent and joined at the capstan rolls by a one end of denier, 34 filament bulked continuous multifilament nylon yarn which had been bulked by the false twist-heat set-untwist process. Downtwister take-up inserted 5 turns per inch of Z doubling twist while the extension of the spandex filament was maintained. Upon removal from the package the resulting elastic composite yarn recovered to the original length of the spandex filament and constituted an even elastic composite yarn demonstrating a stretch of approximately 330 percent and greater bulk than the initial bulked nylon yarn.
  • Samples of the above yarn were double knit on an 18 gauge double knitting machine to produce a double knit fabric which demonstrated a wet stretch of 210 percent in width and percent in length and a dry stretch of percent in width and 100' percent in length and a recovery after stretch loading of 98 percent in width and 97 percent in length when using standard swimwear tests.
  • the fabric showed a smooth appearance in the greige and after finishing, and suitable for swimwear.
  • Other samples of the same yarn were laid in on circular knit half hose machines to elasticize half hose tops demonstrating good stretch and recovery characteristics therein.
  • a method for producing a composite elastic yarn which comprises the steps of:
  • thermoplastic yarn is composed of filaments selected from the group consisting of nylon, polyesters, cellulose acetate, polyethylene, polypropylene, and acrylonitrile.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US519316A 1965-01-14 1966-01-07 Composite elastic yarns Expired - Lifetime US3365875A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1723/65A GB1098012A (en) 1965-01-14 1965-01-14 Improvements in or relating to elastic yarns and the manufacture thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3365875A true US3365875A (en) 1968-01-30

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US519316A Expired - Lifetime US3365875A (en) 1965-01-14 1966-01-07 Composite elastic yarns

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US (1) US3365875A (pt)
BE (1) BE675102A (pt)
CH (1) CH465461A (pt)
DE (1) DE1510573A1 (pt)
FR (1) FR1463544A (pt)
GB (1) GB1098012A (pt)
IL (1) IL24942A (pt)
LU (1) LU50257A1 (pt)
NL (1) NL6600379A (pt)
SE (1) SE320917B (pt)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3413798A (en) * 1967-03-06 1968-12-03 Du Pont Yarns and fabrics thereof
US3657873A (en) * 1969-12-08 1972-04-25 Kirkland H Gibson Composite elastic core yarn
US3858386A (en) * 1971-07-06 1975-01-07 Fiber Industries Inc Polyester yarn production
US3950933A (en) * 1974-02-15 1976-04-20 Concorde Fibers Inc. Cabled or wrapped, stuffer box crimped yarn and method of producing the same
US3991551A (en) * 1963-08-13 1976-11-16 Burlington Industries, Inc. Composite yarn and method of making the same
US4226076A (en) * 1978-12-04 1980-10-07 Akzona Incorporated Apparatus and process for producing a covered elastic composite yarn
US9080265B2 (en) * 2012-11-19 2015-07-14 New Horizon Elastic Fabric Co., Ltd Fabric strap with soft side edges

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3012753C2 (de) * 1980-04-02 1983-11-03 Krall & Roth Weberei GmbH & Co KG, 4050 Mönchengladbach Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines elastischen Zwirnes

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3011302A (en) * 1958-06-04 1961-12-05 Us Rubber Co Elastic yarn and method of making same
US3069883A (en) * 1959-02-03 1962-12-25 Burlington Industries Inc Compressive fabric
US3115745A (en) * 1962-06-13 1963-12-31 Chadbourn Gotham Inc Method of drawing, covering and stabilizing synthetic elastomeric yarn
US3166885A (en) * 1963-06-20 1965-01-26 Deering Milliken Res Corp Production of composite stretch yarns
US3234725A (en) * 1963-07-09 1966-02-15 Rohm & Haas Process for making elastic yarn
US3300956A (en) * 1964-07-24 1967-01-31 Deering Milliken Res Corp Core-spinning apparatus

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3011302A (en) * 1958-06-04 1961-12-05 Us Rubber Co Elastic yarn and method of making same
US3069883A (en) * 1959-02-03 1962-12-25 Burlington Industries Inc Compressive fabric
US3115745A (en) * 1962-06-13 1963-12-31 Chadbourn Gotham Inc Method of drawing, covering and stabilizing synthetic elastomeric yarn
US3166885A (en) * 1963-06-20 1965-01-26 Deering Milliken Res Corp Production of composite stretch yarns
US3234725A (en) * 1963-07-09 1966-02-15 Rohm & Haas Process for making elastic yarn
US3300956A (en) * 1964-07-24 1967-01-31 Deering Milliken Res Corp Core-spinning apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3991551A (en) * 1963-08-13 1976-11-16 Burlington Industries, Inc. Composite yarn and method of making the same
US3413798A (en) * 1967-03-06 1968-12-03 Du Pont Yarns and fabrics thereof
US3657873A (en) * 1969-12-08 1972-04-25 Kirkland H Gibson Composite elastic core yarn
US3858386A (en) * 1971-07-06 1975-01-07 Fiber Industries Inc Polyester yarn production
US3950933A (en) * 1974-02-15 1976-04-20 Concorde Fibers Inc. Cabled or wrapped, stuffer box crimped yarn and method of producing the same
US4226076A (en) * 1978-12-04 1980-10-07 Akzona Incorporated Apparatus and process for producing a covered elastic composite yarn
US9080265B2 (en) * 2012-11-19 2015-07-14 New Horizon Elastic Fabric Co., Ltd Fabric strap with soft side edges

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE320917B (pt) 1970-02-16
CH465461A (fr) 1968-11-15
LU50257A1 (pt) 1966-07-14
GB1098012A (en) 1968-01-03
BE675102A (pt) 1966-07-14
IL24942A (en) 1969-03-27
FR1463544A (fr) 1966-12-23
DE1510573A1 (de) 1970-02-05
NL6600379A (pt) 1966-07-15

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