US3361264A - Centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Centrifugal separator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3361264A
US3361264A US567775A US56777566A US3361264A US 3361264 A US3361264 A US 3361264A US 567775 A US567775 A US 567775A US 56777566 A US56777566 A US 56777566A US 3361264 A US3361264 A US 3361264A
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United States
Prior art keywords
carrier
vanes
sections
centrifugal separator
external surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US567775A
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English (en)
Inventor
Quetsch Johann Peter
Karlsruhe Kreis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ernst Heinkel Motorenbau GmbH
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Ernst Heinkel Motorenbau GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
    • B04B3/04—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to centrifugal separators in general, and more particularly to improvements in centrifugal separators of the type which may be utilized for segregating minute solid particles from a liquid carrier.
  • a centrifugal separator When a mixture or suspension contains exceptionally small solid particles, it is very difiicult to properly segregate such particles by centrifugal force.
  • the problem is especially acute when a centrifugal separator is to be used for segregation of solid particles from different types of suspensions, i.e., from suspensions wherein the solids do not have the same size. It is well known that a suspension can be properly segregated into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction if the length of intervals during which the fractions remain in the centrifugal separator is a function of the size and certain other characteristics of the solids. If the dwell of successively admitted increments in the separator is too short, only a small percentage of solids will be segregated from the liquid fraction. On the other hand, and if the dwell is too long, the filter or filters of the separator will be clogged with solids and must be exchanged after relatively short periods of use.
  • centrifugal separator which can be readily converted for treatment of different types of mixtures, particularly for segregation of smaller or larger solid particles which are suspended in a liquid carrier.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a novel system of guide vanes for use in a centrifugal separator of the just outlined characteristics.
  • a further object of the invention is to improve the construction and operation of a centrifugal separator of the type wherein all of the rotary parts are driven at the same speed.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide a novel assembly of adjusting elements which may he utilized to regulate the position and/ or configuration of guide vanes in a centrifugal separator of the above-outlined characteristics.
  • a concomitant object of the invention is to provide a centrifugal separator which can be readily taken apart to afford access to adjustable components therein and which is constructed and assembled in such a way that each portion or increment of a mixture which is admitted into the treating zone of the separator is treated with the same degree of intensity.
  • one feature of my invention resides in the provision of a centrifugal separator which is particularly suited for segregating small solid particles from a liquid fraction.
  • the novelty resides mainly in the provision of a carrier which is rotatable about a predetermined axis and has an external surface preferably diverging from one to the other axial end of the carrier, a plurality of elongated guide vanes adjacent to the external surface and preferably extending from the other and at least to the one axial end of the carrier to define between themselves a plurality of distinct channels in which the solid particles may advance in a direction from the one toward the other axial end of the carrier, at least one of the vanes com-prising a plurality of relatively movable sections, and adjusting means for changing the position of such vane sections with reference to each other to thereby change the configuration of the vanes and of the channels with resultant influence upon the separating action.
  • the adjusting means comprises one or more annular elements which are concentric with and rotatable relative to but should not move axially of the carrier.
  • the articulate connections between the adjusting elements and the sections of one, two or all of the vanes are preferably such that each such section is turnable about an axis which is substantially normal to the external surface of the carrier.
  • FIG. 1 is an axial section through a centrifugal separator which embodies my invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the carrier for a set of adjustable guide vanes, a portion of the carrier being broken away;
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the structure shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a centrifugal separator which may be used with particular advantage to segregate minute particles which are suspended in a liquid.
  • the separator comprises an upright drive shaft 1 whose upper end portion carries a hub or boss 45 forming part of a conically outwardly and downwardly diverging carrier 5.
  • the drive shaft 1 extends through a supporting structure 2 which accommodates an antifriction bearing 3 adjacent to the lower axial end of the hub 4.
  • the external surface of the carrier 5 supports several sets of composite guide vanes or blades 6 some or all of which are composed of several sections 6a.
  • the sections 6a may but need not be straight and the vanes 6 preferably resemble helices (see FIGS. 2 and 3) which are adjacent to the external surface of the carrier 5 and extend upwardly from the lower axial end toward and beyond the upper a, v.5 axial end of this carrier.
  • the upper end portions of the vanes 6 are surrounded by a retaining ring a for a conical sieve '7 surrounding a foraminous foil or sheet The means for fixing the sieve 7 in the axial position shown in FIG.
  • a tubular inlet 11 is disposed above the hub 4 and serves to admit the suspension into the space between the upper end portions of the vanes 6.
  • the external surface of the carrier 5 further supports an annular baffle or weir 18 which extends toward but short of the forarninous sheet 8 and serves to obstruct the progress of solid particles toward the larger diameter end of the carrier.
  • the sheet 8 and the bafile l8 define between themselves a relatively narrow annular gap for the passage of the solid fraction and of some liquid fraction, namely, of that part of the liquid fraction which was not caused to penetrate through the sheet 8 and the sieve 7 in a zone located above the bafile 18.
  • Such sections 6a of the vanes 6 which are adjacent to the baffle 18 are formed with suitable cutouts as clearly shown in FIG. 1.
  • the external surface of the sieve 7 carries stiffening ribs 9 which may be located in planes including the axis of the drive shaft 1.
  • the liquid fraction accumulates in a first chamber which surrounds the sieve '7 and is provided with an outlet 17. This outlet is adjacent to an annular partition 16 which separates the chamber 15 from a solids-collecting chamber 14. The latter communicates with the lower ends of channels extending between the adjoining vanes 6.
  • the chamber 14 is disposed between an outer cylindrical wall 12 and an inner cylindrical wall 13 which latter surrounds the supporting structure 2 for the drive shaft 1.
  • the carrier 5 further supports a set of annular adjusting elements 19 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) which are articulately connected with the sections 6a of the vanes 6 and are rotatable on but cannot move axially of the carrier 5.
  • portions of the elements 19 may extend into grooves machined into the external surface of the carrier 5.
  • the annular adjusting elements 19 will be moved to desired angular positions prior to admission of a certain suspension. Such movements of the elements 19 will bring about corresponding changes in the configuration of vanes 6, i.e., such vanes may form straight blades which are located in planes including the axis of the shaft 1, they may resemble more or less pronounced helices, or they may form a cascade with strongly pronounced transitions between the individual sections. In other words, each vane may form a blade with more or less pronounced transitions between its sections 6a. It was found that, by resembling a cascade or zig-zag, the vanes are better suited to break up the flow of solid particles toward the chamber 14 and to insure expulsion of a greater percentage of the liquid carrier.
  • the operator can determine the length of intervals during which the solid particles entering at 11 will remain in the channels between the vanes.
  • the length of such intervals depends on the configuration of channels and on the inclination of vanes with reference to the axis of the separator.
  • the carrier 5 may support a single adjusting element 19 or two or more adjusting elements.
  • the accuracy of adjustment and the number of different vane forms will increase if the carrier 5 supports a relatively large number of adjusting elements 19 which may but need not be equidistant from each other.
  • the articulate connections between the sections 6a and the respective adjusting elements 19 are preferably such that the sections 6a are roclrable about axes which are normal to the external surface of the carrier 5.
  • the vanes 6 and the adjusting elements 19 preferably consist of suitable synthetic plastic material which does not react with the ingredients of the suspension.
  • the separator may be furnished with one or more sets of spare vanes 6 or with spare sections 6a so that, should it become necessary, the operators may utilize different types of vanes in connection with different types of suspensions.
  • my separator is seen to reside in that the foraminous body 8 can rest directly on the exposed edge faces of the vanes 6 so that the channels between the adjoining vanes are fully separated from each other. This means that the solid and/or liquid fraction cannot wander from channel to channel and that each portion or increment of the suspension is treated to the same extent.
  • centrifugal separators wherein the sieve rotates with reference to the carrier for vanes, the presence of narrower or wider gaps between the two relatively moving parts is unavoidable so that the fractions can wander from channel to channel. Such wandering of fractions subjects the sieve to excessive specific stresses which exert an adverse influence on the separating action.
  • My present invention is based in part on the following considerations:
  • the solid particles which are caused to travel around a conical carrier describe arcuate paths whose configuration depends on the rotational speed of the carrier and on the specific characteristics of the solid ingredient. in other words, the shape of the paths is indicative of the type of solids in the suspension.
  • the shape of guide vanes is selected in such a way that they insure optimum separation of a certain type of solid particles so that the separating action is less eihcient if the size of solid particles is either above or below an average size.
  • the separator of my invention can be readily adjusted so that it will bring about optimum separation of solids regardless of their size, as long as the adjustments in the configuration of vanes 6 are carried out with a View to insure that the dwell of suspension in the channels between the vanes 6 will be of such length as is most satisfactory for a given type of suspension.
  • a centrifugal separator particularly for segregating solid particles from a liquid fraction, comprising, in combination, a carrier having a substantially vertical axis and an external surface tapering from the lower towards the upper end thereof; sieve means coaxial with said carrier and surrounding the external surface of the latter spaced therefrom; a plurality of elongated guide vanes extending transversely spaced from each other between said external surface of said carrier and said sieve means and in longitudinal direction from said lower at least to said upper end of said carrier so as to define between the external surface of said carrier and said sieve means a plurality of channels, at least some of said guide vanes comprising a plurality of relatively movable sections; adjusting means for changing the position of said sections with reference to each other and comprising at least one adjusting element surrounding said carrier and being movable only in circumferential direction thereof; drive means connected to said carrier and sieve means for simultaneously rotating the same about said axis; feeding means for feeding a suspension of solid particles in a liquid into the upper end of the space between the external surface
  • each of said vanes comprises a plurality of relatively movable sections
  • said adjusting means comprising a plurality of annular adjusting elements concentrically surrounding said carrier and each articulately connected with at least one section of each vane, said adjusting elements being rotatable with reference to said carrier.
  • bafile means provided intermediate the axial ends of said carrier to obstruct the progress of solid particles through said channels.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
US567775A 1965-07-27 1966-07-25 Centrifugal separator Expired - Lifetime US3361264A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEH56702A DE1277760B (de) 1965-07-27 1965-07-27 Anordnung von Leitblechen an einer Siebzentrifuge

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3361264A true US3361264A (en) 1968-01-02

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ID=7159482

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US567775A Expired - Lifetime US3361264A (en) 1965-07-27 1966-07-25 Centrifugal separator

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3361264A (enExample)
DE (1) DE1277760B (enExample)
GB (1) GB1098778A (enExample)
NL (1) NL150351B (enExample)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5149424A (en) * 1991-03-29 1992-09-22 Lundquist Lynn C Centrifuge apparatus for residual liquid waste removal from recyclable container material
US5256289A (en) * 1991-11-04 1993-10-26 Centrifugal & Mechanical Industries, Inc. Centrifugal separator incorporating structure to reduce abrasive wear
US5380266A (en) * 1991-11-27 1995-01-10 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerator cone
US5401423A (en) * 1991-11-27 1995-03-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerator disc
US5410795A (en) * 1993-10-12 1995-05-02 Centrifugal & Mechanical Industries, Inc. Method of assembly and apparatus for a screen in a centrifugal separator
US5520605A (en) * 1991-12-31 1996-05-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Method for accelerating a liquid in a centrifuge
US5558770A (en) * 1995-07-03 1996-09-24 Elgin National Industries, Inc. Centrifugal separator having a cone frustum
US5651756A (en) * 1991-11-27 1997-07-29 Baker Hughes Inc. Feed accelerator system including feed slurry accelerating nozzle apparatus
CN104043538A (zh) * 2014-07-07 2014-09-17 古廷伟 一种立式离心机
WO2020194169A1 (en) 2019-03-22 2020-10-01 Flsmidth A/S Centrifugal separator and screen having blades for same

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US618814A (en) * 1899-01-31 John henry darby
US871517A (en) * 1906-10-27 1907-11-19 James Mcdaniel Wheat-washing machine.
US1520467A (en) * 1921-05-31 1924-12-23 Albert D Frantz Centrifugal machine

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL203417A (enExample) *

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US618814A (en) * 1899-01-31 John henry darby
US871517A (en) * 1906-10-27 1907-11-19 James Mcdaniel Wheat-washing machine.
US1520467A (en) * 1921-05-31 1924-12-23 Albert D Frantz Centrifugal machine

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5149424A (en) * 1991-03-29 1992-09-22 Lundquist Lynn C Centrifuge apparatus for residual liquid waste removal from recyclable container material
US5256289A (en) * 1991-11-04 1993-10-26 Centrifugal & Mechanical Industries, Inc. Centrifugal separator incorporating structure to reduce abrasive wear
US5380266A (en) * 1991-11-27 1995-01-10 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerator cone
US5401423A (en) * 1991-11-27 1995-03-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerator disc
US5527258A (en) * 1991-11-27 1996-06-18 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerating cone
US5651756A (en) * 1991-11-27 1997-07-29 Baker Hughes Inc. Feed accelerator system including feed slurry accelerating nozzle apparatus
US5658232A (en) * 1991-11-27 1997-08-19 Baker Hughes Inc. Feed accelerator system including feed slurry accelerating nozzle apparatus
US5840006A (en) * 1991-12-31 1998-11-24 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerating vane apparatus
US5520605A (en) * 1991-12-31 1996-05-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Method for accelerating a liquid in a centrifuge
US5551943A (en) * 1991-12-31 1996-09-03 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerating vane apparatus
US6077210A (en) * 1991-12-31 2000-06-20 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerating vane apparatus
US5632714A (en) * 1991-12-31 1997-05-27 Baker Hughes Inc. Feed accelerator system including accelerating vane apparatus
US5410795A (en) * 1993-10-12 1995-05-02 Centrifugal & Mechanical Industries, Inc. Method of assembly and apparatus for a screen in a centrifugal separator
US5558770A (en) * 1995-07-03 1996-09-24 Elgin National Industries, Inc. Centrifugal separator having a cone frustum
CN104043538A (zh) * 2014-07-07 2014-09-17 古廷伟 一种立式离心机
CN104043538B (zh) * 2014-07-07 2016-08-24 王成财 一种立式离心机
WO2020194169A1 (en) 2019-03-22 2020-10-01 Flsmidth A/S Centrifugal separator and screen having blades for same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL150351B (nl) 1976-08-16
GB1098778A (en) 1968-01-10
NL6610402A (enExample) 1967-01-30
DE1277760B (de) 1968-09-12

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