US3358288A - Wide band spiral antenna with reflective cavities of varied sizes - Google Patents
Wide band spiral antenna with reflective cavities of varied sizes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3358288A US3358288A US378244A US37824464A US3358288A US 3358288 A US3358288 A US 3358288A US 378244 A US378244 A US 378244A US 37824464 A US37824464 A US 37824464A US 3358288 A US3358288 A US 3358288A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- antenna
- wide band
- spiral antenna
- band spiral
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
- H01Q9/26—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength
- H01Q9/27—Spiral antennas
Definitions
- Double spiral antennas are known in high frequency techniques. They form a double branch radiating system. The two branches lie in the same plane and are formed as spirals of Archimedes, which are symmetrical with respect to a point. They are fed in phase opposition.
- Such antennas are bidirectional, i.e. have two directions of maximum radiation, which directions are symmetrical with respect to the antenna plane.
- one of the radiation directions can be eliminated by placing, behind the double spiral, a cylindrical cavity, the axis of which is at right angles with the antenna plane, the dimension of this cavity normally to the antenna plane being equal to a quarter Wavelength at the average operating frequency.
- Such antennas have a passing band of the order of one octave.
- An antenna according to the invention comprises, behind its plane, a cavity of revolution about an axis perpendicular to the antenna plane, the cavity being built up by a plurality of cylindrical rings of difference depths.
- the ratio of the average radius of each cylindrical ring to its depth is 2/1r.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective View of the double spiral antenna embodying the invention
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of the cavity embodied in an antenna according to the invention
- FIG. 3 is a plane view of the cavity shown in FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a further embodiment of the cavity.
- the antenna shown in FIG. 1 is formed as a printed circuit on a Teflon sheet 1.
- Such antennas are capable of radiating energy within a wide frequency band.
- Each radiation frequency is radiated by an antenna portion closely approximating a circle, whose average diameter is A/1r.
- the antenna may be viewed as formed by a set of rings of an average diameter ranging between x /w and x /w, k and A being respectively the minimum and the maximum wavelengths.
- This cavity reflects the radiation in the opposite direction with the same phase as the radiation existing in this latter direction, if the cavity depth equals a quarter of the operating wavelength. Of course the use of this cavity limits the passing band of the antenna. According to the invention, a particular cavity is used. This cavity is shown in sectional view in FIG. 2 and in FIG. 3 in plane view. Ths cavity is fixed to theTefion plate 1. It comprises, in the embodiment shown, four cylindrical rings, 5, 6, 7 and 8, whose respective depths are equal to their average radius time 1r/2.
- FIG. 4 shows a modification of the cavity of FIG. 2.
- the cavity shown in FIG. 4 comprises a central part 10, of depth M4, for the higher operating frequencies and an annular cavity 20 of suitable diameter and depth to reflect the radiation at lower frequencies.
- Conic walls 30 and 40 attenuate parasitic resonances.
- Such a cavity has been designed for a band of frequency ranging from 2.5 to 11 gc./s.
- An antenna for radiating a very broad frequency band comprising in combination: two branches extending in the same plane, shaped as spirals of Archimedes and symmetrical with respect to a point; a cavity resonator behind said plane, shaped as a body of revolution about an axis perpendicular to said plane, said cavity having a central portion of a first predetermined depth for reflecting the higher frequencies, and an annular portion, having a second predetermined depth for reflecting the lower frequencies of the passing band of said antenna; said first and said second average depths being substantially proportional to the lower and the higher wavelengths to be radiated and said central and annular portions having conic walls.
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- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Description
1967 G. DUBOST ET AL 3,358,288
WIDE BAND SPIRAL ANTENNA WITH REFLECTIVE CAVITIES D SIZES Filed 1964 OF VARIE June 26,
United States Patent 3,358,288 WIDE BAND SPIRAL ANTENNA WITH REFLEC- TIVE CAVI'IIES 0F VARIED SIZES Grard Dubost and Pierre Amiot, Paris, France, assignors to CSF-Compagnie Generale de Telegraphic Sans Fil, a corporation of France Filed June 26, 1964, Ser. No. 378,244 Claims priority, application France, July 4, 1963, 940,361 1 Claim. (Cl. 343895) Double spiral antennas are known in high frequency techniques. They form a double branch radiating system. The two branches lie in the same plane and are formed as spirals of Archimedes, which are symmetrical with respect to a point. They are fed in phase opposition.
Such antennas are bidirectional, i.e. have two directions of maximum radiation, which directions are symmetrical with respect to the antenna plane.
As is known, one of the radiation directions can be eliminated by placing, behind the double spiral, a cylindrical cavity, the axis of which is at right angles with the antenna plane, the dimension of this cavity normally to the antenna plane being equal to a quarter Wavelength at the average operating frequency.
Such antennas have a passing band of the order of one octave.
It is an object of the invention, to provide an antenna of the above type, whose passing band is slightly better than two octaves.
An antenna according to the invention comprises, behind its plane, a cavity of revolution about an axis perpendicular to the antenna plane, the cavity being built up by a plurality of cylindrical rings of difference depths.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention the ratio of the average radius of each cylindrical ring to its depth is 2/1r.
The invention will be better understood from the following description and accompanying drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective View of the double spiral antenna embodying the invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of the cavity embodied in an antenna according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a plane view of the cavity shown in FIG. 2; and
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a further embodiment of the cavity.
The antenna shown in FIG. 1 is formed as a printed circuit on a Teflon sheet 1.
It comprises two spirals 2 and 3, which are fed in phase opposition by a bifilar line 4.
As is known, such antennas are capable of radiating energy within a wide frequency band. Each radiation frequency is radiated by an antenna portion closely approximating a circle, whose average diameter is A/1r.
3,358,288 Patented Dec. 12, 1967 Thus the antenna may be viewed as formed by a set of rings of an average diameter ranging between x /w and x /w, k and A being respectively the minimum and the maximum wavelengths.
To avoid any radiation on one side of the antenna, it is known to place at that side a cylindrical cavity.
This cavity reflects the radiation in the opposite direction with the same phase as the radiation existing in this latter direction, if the cavity depth equals a quarter of the operating wavelength. Of course the use of this cavity limits the passing band of the antenna. According to the invention, a particular cavity is used. This cavity is shown in sectional view in FIG. 2 and in FIG. 3 in plane view. Ths cavity is fixed to theTefion plate 1. It comprises, in the embodiment shown, four cylindrical rings, 5, 6, 7 and 8, whose respective depths are equal to their average radius time 1r/2.
In other words, the portions of the two spirals, respectively facing cylindrical rings 5, 6, 7 and 8 radiating a narrow band of frequencies, centered on a frequency fc corresponding to the wavelength h will be facing a ring whose depth is p= /4.
FIG. 4 shows a modification of the cavity of FIG. 2.
The cavity shown in FIG. 4 comprises a central part 10, of depth M4, for the higher operating frequencies and an annular cavity 20 of suitable diameter and depth to reflect the radiation at lower frequencies. Conic walls 30 and 40 attenuate parasitic resonances.
Such a cavity has been designed for a band of frequency ranging from 2.5 to 11 gc./s.
What is claimed is:
An antenna for radiating a very broad frequency band, comprising in combination: two branches extending in the same plane, shaped as spirals of Archimedes and symmetrical with respect to a point; a cavity resonator behind said plane, shaped as a body of revolution about an axis perpendicular to said plane, said cavity having a central portion of a first predetermined depth for reflecting the higher frequencies, and an annular portion, having a second predetermined depth for reflecting the lower frequencies of the passing band of said antenna; said first and said second average depths being substantially proportional to the lower and the higher wavelengths to be radiated and said central and annular portions having conic walls.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 4/1964 Wheeler 343-895 6/1965 Cox et a1 343895
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR940361A FR1370691A (en) | 1963-07-04 | 1963-07-04 | Wideband unidirectional antenna |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3358288A true US3358288A (en) | 1967-12-12 |
Family
ID=8807578
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US378244A Expired - Lifetime US3358288A (en) | 1963-07-04 | 1964-06-26 | Wide band spiral antenna with reflective cavities of varied sizes |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3358288A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1260559B (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1370691A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4042935A (en) * | 1974-08-01 | 1977-08-16 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Wideband multiplexing antenna feed employing cavity backed wing dipoles |
| JPS52114635U (en) * | 1977-03-07 | 1977-08-31 | ||
| JPS52166946U (en) * | 1977-06-09 | 1977-12-17 | ||
| JPS58123203A (en) * | 1982-01-19 | 1983-07-22 | Tokyo Keiki Co Ltd | Dual-conductor spiral antenna |
| US4608572A (en) * | 1982-12-10 | 1986-08-26 | The Boeing Company | Broad-band antenna structure having frequency-independent, low-loss ground plane |
| US4649391A (en) * | 1984-02-01 | 1987-03-10 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Monopulse cavity-backed multipole antenna system |
| WO1988006343A1 (en) * | 1987-02-11 | 1988-08-25 | The Marconi Company Limited | Microwave transformer |
| US20130249762A1 (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2013-09-26 | Thales | Broadband antenna reflector for a circular-polarized planar wire antenna and method for producing said antenna reflector |
| RU2657348C2 (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2018-06-13 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Министерство промышленности и торговли Российской Федерации (Минпромторг России) | Printed two-pass spiral radiator with passive reflector |
| US10903556B2 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2021-01-26 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Up-down zigzag additive spiral antenna |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3131394A (en) * | 1962-01-22 | 1964-04-28 | Myron S Wheeler | Spiral antenna with spiral reflecting cavity |
| US3192531A (en) * | 1963-06-12 | 1965-06-29 | Rex E Cox | Frequency independent backup cavity for spiral antennas |
-
1963
- 1963-07-04 FR FR940361A patent/FR1370691A/en not_active Expired
-
1964
- 1964-06-26 US US378244A patent/US3358288A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1964-07-03 DE DEC33312A patent/DE1260559B/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3131394A (en) * | 1962-01-22 | 1964-04-28 | Myron S Wheeler | Spiral antenna with spiral reflecting cavity |
| US3192531A (en) * | 1963-06-12 | 1965-06-29 | Rex E Cox | Frequency independent backup cavity for spiral antennas |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4042935A (en) * | 1974-08-01 | 1977-08-16 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Wideband multiplexing antenna feed employing cavity backed wing dipoles |
| JPS52114635U (en) * | 1977-03-07 | 1977-08-31 | ||
| JPS52166946U (en) * | 1977-06-09 | 1977-12-17 | ||
| JPS605603Y2 (en) * | 1977-06-09 | 1985-02-21 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Broadband circularly polarized exciter |
| JPH0231883B2 (en) * | 1982-01-19 | 1990-07-17 | Tokyo Keiki Kk | |
| JPS58123203A (en) * | 1982-01-19 | 1983-07-22 | Tokyo Keiki Co Ltd | Dual-conductor spiral antenna |
| US4608572A (en) * | 1982-12-10 | 1986-08-26 | The Boeing Company | Broad-band antenna structure having frequency-independent, low-loss ground plane |
| US4649391A (en) * | 1984-02-01 | 1987-03-10 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Monopulse cavity-backed multipole antenna system |
| WO1988006343A1 (en) * | 1987-02-11 | 1988-08-25 | The Marconi Company Limited | Microwave transformer |
| US20130249762A1 (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2013-09-26 | Thales | Broadband antenna reflector for a circular-polarized planar wire antenna and method for producing said antenna reflector |
| US9755317B2 (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2017-09-05 | Thales | Broadband antenna reflector for a circular-polarized planar wire antenna and method for producing said antenna reflector |
| RU2657348C2 (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2018-06-13 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Министерство промышленности и торговли Российской Федерации (Минпромторг России) | Printed two-pass spiral radiator with passive reflector |
| US10903556B2 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2021-01-26 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Up-down zigzag additive spiral antenna |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR1370691A (en) | 1964-08-28 |
| DE1260559B (en) | 1968-02-08 |
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