US3356973A - Reed relay switching networks - Google Patents

Reed relay switching networks Download PDF

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Publication number
US3356973A
US3356973A US564575A US56457566A US3356973A US 3356973 A US3356973 A US 3356973A US 564575 A US564575 A US 564575A US 56457566 A US56457566 A US 56457566A US 3356973 A US3356973 A US 3356973A
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control
winding
row
reed
matrix
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Michel M Rouzier
Henri P Marnat
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H67/00—Electrically-operated selector switches
    • H01H67/22—Switches without multi-position wipers
    • H01H67/24—Co-ordinate-type relay switches having an individual electromagnet at each cross-point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/0008—Selecting arrangements using relay selectors in the switching stages
    • H04Q3/0012—Selecting arrangements using relay selectors in the switching stages in which the relays are arranged in a matrix configuration

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  • ABSTRACT F THE DISCLOSURE control wire and said column control wire and the point of junction of said control reed relay and common winding being connected to the supplementary row control wire.
  • Connection signals are selectively applied between one supplementary row control wire and one column control wire of the matrix through a common winding and holding signals are selectively applied between one principal row control wire and one column control wire through the operated control reed relay and the common Winding.
  • the present invention relates to electronically controlled electromechanical switching networks and more particularly to switching networks wherein the crosspoints are constituted by a plurality of reed relays having a common energizing winding.
  • switching networks which comprise matrices, the crosspoints of which are constituted by pluralities of reed relays having a common energizing winding. These crosspoints are controlled by reed relays associated with the rows and columns of said matrices and the response time of which is added to that of the reed relays constituting the crosspoints.
  • the wear of the reed relays depends on the number of times their contacts are opened and closed and since the relays associated with the rows and with the columns of a matrix operate far more frequently than those which constitute the crosspoints thereof, the life of the former is much shorter than that of the latter.
  • the tests for the availability of routes are effected by means of reed relays, the rate of operation of which is of the same order and the life of which is as limited as those of the reed relays controlling the crosspoints.
  • One object of the invention is to provide switching networks comprising matrices, the crosspoints of which are reed relays wherein the duration of the connection and disconnection operations at a crosspoint in the matrix is limited substantially to the response time of the reed relays which constitute it.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a switching network with reed relays, the component members of which have a life of the same order.
  • One feature of the switching network of the invention ice is that the points of its switching matrices consist of pluralities of reed relays having a common energizing winding controlled directly by electronic means.
  • each crosspoint comprises a reed relay serving as a holding contact for all the reed relays which constitute it.
  • Another feature of the switching network of the invention is that it comprises means for applying, to the energizing winding of each crosspoint, an operating current, means for applying to the energizing winding of an operated crosspoint, a holding current by means of said reed relay serving as a holding contact, and means for regulating independently the values of the operating and holding currents.
  • Another feature of the switching network of the invention is that shunt circuits for the sur-ges due to the variations in current in the energizing windings of the crosspoints are established through diodes lat the inputs to each matrix in such a manner that they electronic means controlling the crosspoints are protected from these surges and the noises which they cause through crosstalk are reduced.
  • One feature of the switching network of the invention is that the energizing windings for the crosspoints used in a connected route are fed in series by the holding current in such a manner that their connections between matrices can serve as test wires and that one end of said route can be identified by causing a variations in the holding current at its other end.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagram of va crosspoint with three reed relays and electronic control circuits in a matrix of a switching network according to the invention.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates diagrammatically a switching network with three matrices laccording to the invention.
  • FIGURE l shows a crosspoint with three reed relays 111, 211, 311 of a switching matrix 100, an operating circuit for this crosspoint comprising two transistors 41, 42 respectively controlled by a control row address register 44 and a control column address register 45, and a release circuit comprising a transistor 43 controlled by a release row address register 46.
  • connection matrix lllt is a triple matrix comprising triple rows such as 211, 221, 231 and triple columns such as 111, 121, 131, the crosspoints of which are constituted by groups of three reed relays such as 111, 211, 311 having a common control winding 3211.
  • Two of the reed relays in each group, for example 211 and 311 respectively connect the columns 121, 13-1 and the rows 221, 231 associated with the two line wires of a telephone line and the reed relay 111 which constitutes the holding contact of the crosspoint connects the column 111 to one end 3311 of the winding 3211, the other end of which is connected to the line 211.
  • the point 3311 which is common to the reed relay 111 and to the winding 3211, is connected by means of a diode 3111 and a resistor 30L of value R1, to the collector of the transistor 42.
  • This is a p-n-p transistor which is controlled through its base through the output from column address register 45 associateed with the column 111 and the emitter of which is connected to ground; its collector is connected' through a bias resistor 47, shunted by a reverse diode 48, to the negative terminal, for example at -12 v., of a voltage source 35 having its midpoint connected to ground.
  • the transistor 41 is an n-p-n transistor controlled through its base by the output from control row address register 44 associated with the row 211 having its emitter connected to the negative terminal of the voltage source 3 35 and its collector connected to the row 211.
  • the transistor 43 is likewise of the n-p-n type; its base is connected to the output of release row address register 46 associated with the row 211, its emitter is connected to ground and its collector is connected, by means of a diode 50, to the row 211, itself connected to the positive terminal at +12 v. of the voltageI source 35, through a reverse diode 49.
  • the column 111 is connected tothe same positive terminal ofthe source 35 through a resistor 40 of value R2.
  • the transistors 41, 42 are cut off, the transistor 43- is saturated and the diode 3111 is blocked by the negative potential which is transmitted thereto through the resistors 47 and 30 in such a manner that no current can circulate in the windings 3211 and that the reed relays 111, 211, 311 remains inoperative.
  • control pulses are applied simultaneously and respectively by the registers 44 and 45, at the time t3 to the bases of the transistors 41 and 42. These become saturated, the diode 3111 is unblocked, and the appearance, at the two terminals of the Winding 3211, of the pulses obtained, gives rise to a current there which circulates in the direction from the access 3311 to the Vaccess 211 and becomes established in accordance with a transient phenomenon in a time t1 which is a function of the inductance L1 and of lthe resistance r1 of the winding 3211, and of the value R1 of the resistor 30.
  • this current reaches the value 12 V./ (R11-r1) which ⁇ is suiiicient to operate the three reed relays 111, 211, 311 through the path, ground, saturated transistor 42, resistor 30, diode 3111, winding 3211, saturated transistor 41, -12 v.
  • the operation of the relay 111 causes the appearance, in the winding 3211, of a second current having a value substantially equal to 24 v./ (R2-H1) which is temporarily superimposed on the operating current in the same direction through the route
  • the value R2 of the resistor 40 is selected in such a manner that the intensity 12 v./(R2- ⁇ r1) of the holding current is sucient to hold the reed relays 111, 211, 311 operated.
  • the disconnection of the crosspoint is obtained by applying a cut-oit pulse, originating from the release row address register 46, to the base of the transistor 43, the cutting off of which interrupts the return to ground of the holding circuit and reconnects this to the positive terminal of the source 35 by means of the diode 49.
  • the transient current which then arises in the winding 3211 as a result of its inductance and travels through the circuit passing through the row 211, the diode 49, the resistor 40, the column 111 and the reed relay 111 to be closed through the winding 3211, temporarily holds the relays 11.1, 211, 311 Operated.
  • FIGURE 1 In order to avoid unnecessary overloading of the drawing, only a single one of the crosspoints in the matrix 100 has been illustrated in FIGURE 1 it being understood that, in accordance with conventional arrangements, the transistor 42, the resistor 30 and the resistor 40 may be common to all the crosspoints associated with one and the same column and the transistors 41 and 43 may be common to all the crosspoints associated with one and the same row.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates, by way of non-limiting example, a chain consisting of three identical matrices 101, 102, 103 which are identical with the matrix 100 in FIGURE l and the -interconnection of which enables two channels A and B to be connected to one another, each having three wires, comprising two line wires and one control and test wire.
  • FIGURES 1 and 2 are designated by the same reference numerals with the addition to their index, in FIGURE 2, of an additional digit 1, 2 or 3 according to whether these members are associated with the matrices 101, 102 or 103.
  • the line wires are connected to the rows 2211, 2311 of the matrix 101 and the control wire to its row 2111.
  • the columns 1111, 1211, 1311 of the crosspoint selected in the matrix 101 to ensure the connection, are connected to the rows 2112, 2212, 2312, in the matrix 102 and the columns 1112, 1212, 1312 of the crosspoint selected in the matrix 102 are connected to the rows 2113, 2213, 2313 in the matrix 103.
  • the columns 1113, 1213, 1313 of the crosspoint selected in the matrix 103 are connected respectively to the control and line wires of the channel B.
  • connection transistors 41 and disconnection transistors 43 which are controlled individually by the control row address register 44 and release row address register 46 and associated respectively with each triple column in the matrices 101, 102, 103 are transistors 421, 422, 423, associated with individual outputs of control column address registers 451, 452, 453 and resistors 301 of value R11, 302 of value R12 and 303 of value R13.
  • a resistor 40 which connects it to the 'positive terminal of the source 35 and the first Wire 1111, 1112 of each column in the matrices 101, 102 is connected to the two terminals of the source 35 through reverse diodes 611, 621 and v612, 622.
  • Magnetic cores 8111, 8212, 8313, the control and reading circuits of which are not illustrated, enable the passage or the absence of current to be detected in the columns such as 1111, 1112, 1113 in the matrices 101, 102, 103 in order to seek the available routes between the channels A and B for example through the three matrices 101, 102, 103 as is known, in particular, from the article by lean Duquesne and Michel Rouzier entitled A Connection Network for an Electronic Telephone Exchange which appeared in the French periodical lOnde Electrique No. 455, February 1965, pages to 211.
  • magnetic cores 9111 associated with each of the rows 2111 in the matrix 101 enable the identication of the channel A which is connected, through the three matrices, to a column such as 1113 in the matrix 103 by short-circuiting of the resistor 40 connecting said column to the positive terminal of the source 35, by means of transistors such as 73 controlled by an identification control register 70.
  • An identification response register 71 the inputs of which are connected to the columns such as 1113 in the matrix 103 by means of diodes such as 72 enable the channel B to be identified which is connected to a channel A, to the row line 2111 of which there is applied a negative pulse, unblocking the associated transistor 41 by means of the register 44.
  • the n-p-n transistors 41 and p-n-p transistors 421, 422, 423 and the diodes 311.11, 31112, 31113 are blocked, the n-p-n transistor 43 is saturated and the contacts of the reed relays 1111, 2111, 3111, 1112, 2112, 3112 and 1113', 2113, 3113 are Open
  • 103 is effected in turn by coincidence between the unblocking of the transistor 41 and that of each of the transistors 421, 422, 423 in succession.
  • a time base controls the moments of the beginning and end of the application of unblocking pulses to these transistors by the address registers 44, ⁇ 451, 452 and 453 respectively. These moments are calculated as a function of the inertia of the reed relays and of the time constants of their control circuits.
  • the registers 44 and 451 simultaneously unblock the transistors 41 and 421 of which the first applies a negative pulse (from to -12 v.) to one end of the winding 32111 through the row 2111, and: 'of which the second applies a positive pulse (from -12 v. to 0) to the other end 33111 of the winding 32111, through resis tor 301 and diode 31111.
  • the register 452 then unblocks the transistor 422 which becomes saturated and applies a positive pulse (from -12 v. to 0) to the end 33112 of the winding 32112 of the matrix 102, while the voltage 12 v. applied by the saturated transistor 41 to the row 2111 is transmitted by the winding 32111, the reed relay 1111, the column 1111, and the row 2112 of the matrix 102 to the other end of the winding 32112.
  • a current therefore develops in this winding in accordance with a transient phenomenon depending on the time constant far-f2:(L11iL12)/(R12i12if11) and is superimposed, in the winding 32111 of the matrix 101, on the operating current which had been established there since the time t1.
  • the current in the winding 32111 ⁇ recahes an intensity substantially double that which it had from t1 to t2.
  • the register 451 then cuts off the transistor 421 which tends to restore the intensity of the current in the winding 32111 to its previous value and the decreasing transient current which results finds a conducting path through the saturated transistor 41, the diode 621 and the reed relay 1111.
  • the operating current having a value 12 v./ (R12-f-r12-1-r11) ⁇ established in the winding 32112 operates the reed relays 1112, 2112, 3112. This operation takes place with a certain inertia from the time t3 to the time t4.
  • the register 453 then unblocks the transistor 423 which becomes saturated and applies a positive pulse (from -12 v. to 0) to the end 33113 of the winding 32113 of the matrix 103 while the voltage -12 v ⁇ .
  • the register 452 cuts off the transistor 422 which tends to restore this current to its previous value and the decreasing transient current which results finds a conducting path through the reed relay 1111, the winding 32111, the saturated transistor 41, the diode 622 and the reed relay 1112.
  • the operating current of value 12 v./ (R13-i-r13-1-r12-1-r11) established in the winding 32113 foperates the reed relay I1113, 2113, 3113.
  • the register 44 cuts off the transistor 41 6 which has the eiect of unblocking the diode 50 and of thus bringing the row 2111 of the matrix 101 to ground potential by means of the saturated transistor 43 and the register 453 cuts off the transistor 423 which has the effect of restoring the potential of the column 1113 of the matrix 103 to +12 v. through the resistor 40 having a resistance R2.
  • the holding current thus established has the value of Since the nominal operating currents in the windings 32111, 32112, 32113 have respective values, with a voltage of :12 volts, of
  • diode 72 prevents the identification response register 71 from being actuated.
  • a positive pulse is transmitted by row address register 44 through its terminal associated with the channel A considered to transistor 41 which becomes saturated.
  • a negative pulse is applied to the row 2111 of the matrix 101, which pulse is transmitted to the identication response register 71 by the connected route and the diode 72 associated wtih the column 1113 of said route.
  • a switching network comprising matrices having rows including line-wires, a principal control wire and a supplementary control Wire, columns including linewires and a control wire, and cross-points each formed by line reed relays respectively connected between a row line-wire and a column line-wire, a control reed relay and a common energizing and holding winding for said reed relays, said control reed relay and common winding being serially connected between said principal row control wire and said column control wire and the point of junction of said control reed relay and common winding being connected to said supplementary row control wire, means for selectively applying between said supplementary row control wires and said column control wires energizing signals for energizing the winding and operating the relays of a crosspoint and means for selectively applying between said principal row control wires and said column control wires holding signals for energizing the winding of said crosspoint through its operated control reed relay.
  • a switching network comprising a plurality of cascade-connected matrices, each having rows including linewires, a principal control wire and a supplementary control wire, columns including line-wires and a control wire, and crosspoints each formed by line reed relays respectively connected between a row line-wire and a column line-wire, a control reed relay and a common energizing and holding winding for said reed relays, said control reed relay and common winding being serially connected between said principal row control wire and said column control wire and the point of junction of said control reed relay and common winding being connected to said supplementary row control wire, means for cascade-connecting the line-wires and the control wire of the columns of a matrix respectively to the line-wires and to the principal control wire of the rows of the subsequent matrix, means for selectively applying in time succession between the column control wires of the irst matrix on the one hand and the supplementary row control wires of the successive matrices -on

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Interface Circuits In Exchanges (AREA)
  • Use Of Switch Circuits For Exchanges And Methods Of Control Of Multiplex Exchanges (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
US564575A 1965-07-17 1966-07-12 Reed relay switching networks Expired - Lifetime US3356973A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR25037A FR1450832A (fr) 1965-07-17 1965-07-17 Perfectionnements aux réseaux de connexion à relais à tiges

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US3356973A true US3356973A (en) 1967-12-05

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US564575A Expired - Lifetime US3356973A (en) 1965-07-17 1966-07-12 Reed relay switching networks

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US (1) US3356973A (xx)
BE (1) BE684159A (xx)
DE (1) DE1487852A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR1450832A (xx)
GB (1) GB1155616A (xx)
SE (1) SE332205B (xx)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3448416A (en) * 1966-03-26 1969-06-03 Int Standard Electric Corp Switching device in matrix form

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1500593A (en) * 1921-04-18 1924-07-08 Western Electric Co Crossbar line switch
US3183487A (en) * 1962-10-08 1965-05-11 Clare & Co C P Switching matrix having sealed switches operating as a normally closed switch matrixor as a normally open switch matrix

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1500593A (en) * 1921-04-18 1924-07-08 Western Electric Co Crossbar line switch
US3183487A (en) * 1962-10-08 1965-05-11 Clare & Co C P Switching matrix having sealed switches operating as a normally closed switch matrixor as a normally open switch matrix

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3448416A (en) * 1966-03-26 1969-06-03 Int Standard Electric Corp Switching device in matrix form

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Publication number Publication date
SE332205B (xx) 1971-02-01
BE684159A (xx) 1966-12-16
GB1155616A (en) 1969-06-18
DE1487852A1 (de) 1969-06-19
FR1450832A (fr) 1966-06-24

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