US3355098A - Serum separation apparatus and method - Google Patents

Serum separation apparatus and method Download PDF

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Publication number
US3355098A
US3355098A US380497A US38049764A US3355098A US 3355098 A US3355098 A US 3355098A US 380497 A US380497 A US 380497A US 38049764 A US38049764 A US 38049764A US 3355098 A US3355098 A US 3355098A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
piston head
plunger
serum
nickel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US380497A
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English (en)
Inventor
Andrew F Farr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bioconsultants Inc
Original Assignee
Bioconsultants Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bioconsultants Inc filed Critical Bioconsultants Inc
Priority to US380497A priority Critical patent/US3355098A/en
Priority to GB25703/65A priority patent/GB1066164A/en
Priority to DE19651598053 priority patent/DE1598053B2/de
Priority to GB33753/65A priority patent/GB1066165A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3355098A publication Critical patent/US3355098A/en
Priority to JP4786469A priority patent/JPS542693B1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
    • B01L3/021—Pipettes, i.e. with only one conduit for withdrawing and redistributing liquids
    • B01L3/0217—Pipettes, i.e. with only one conduit for withdrawing and redistributing liquids of the plunger pump type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
    • G01N33/487—Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
    • G01N33/49—Blood
    • G01N33/491—Blood by separating the blood components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
    • H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
    • H01L21/288—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
    • Y10T436/25—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing including sample preparation
    • Y10T436/25375—Liberation or purification of sample or separation of material from a sample [e.g., filtering, centrifuging, etc.]

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the method and apparatus for separation of serum from dispersed solids, particularly blood serum from suspended cells, for the purpose of obtaining samples of clear serum.
  • One object of the invention is to provide a method for easy separation of a liquid from suspended solids. Another object is to provide means for easily and quickly separating blood serum from the cellular bodies which have been settled to the bottom portion of a tube, for example as by centrifuging. A further object is to provide inexpensive and disposable apparatus for the removal and storage of the serum from a centrifuged tube of blood. Another object is to provide means for accurately separating one immiscible liquid from another, in a tubular container.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of an assembled serum separation apparatus
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the same in disassembly with parts broken away and shown in section;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of the apparatus in use showing the delivery of serum to the upper chamber of the apparatus for temporary storage therein;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic representation of the apparatus in use showing delivery of serum to another vessel.
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of an alternative arrangement with a shortened capillary tube discharging within the plunger tube.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an assembled separation apparatus consisting of an outer tubular member 11, which is generally a sample tube in which the blood sample has been delivered to the laboratory, and in which the blood may be subjected to centrifuging to settle out the cells.
  • a plunger tube 12 having a soft rubber piston head 13 attached to its inner end is arranged to be moved longitudinally within and slidingly fitting the inside wall of the member 11, the plunger tube 12 being considerably longer than the tube 11 to provide handle means.
  • the outer end 14 of the plunger tube 12 is open, and there is provided within said tube a plastic flexible small bore or capillary tube 15, whose lower end 16 extends through an opening 17 provided in the piston head 13, and whose opposite outer end 18 may extend beyond the open end 14 of'the plunger tube 12, although it may terminate within the 3,355,098 Patented Nov. 28, 1967 plunger tube if desired.
  • the outer end portion 18 of the flexible tube 15 may be doubled back into the plunger tube 12 (as shown in FIG. 4) or it may be free to communicate with another receiving vessel 19.
  • the method of separating the serum from the suspended solids starts with the centrifuging of the blood sample in the tube 11, following the well known test procedure. After centrifuging, the plunger tube 12 with piston head 13 is inserted in tube 11, the capillary tube 15 being in place with its lower end attached to and penetrating the piston head 13 so that its lower end communicates with the gas or liquid contents of the tube 11 below the piston head 13. As the head 13 is pressed into the tube 11, the air above the serum 20 is released to the atmosphere, and when the end of the capillary tube which extends through the piston head 13 makes contact with the serum 20, the serum passes out through the capillary tube 15, without disturbing the settled out solids or cellular bodies 21.
  • the separated serum is collected and retained above the piston head 13 in the plunger tube 12, where it may be kept until required for further examination.
  • the outer end 18 of the capillary tube 15 may be extended outside the plunger tube 12, to deliver serum to any desired receiving vessel 19. A portion of serum may be placed in the receiving vessel 19, or several such vessels, and then the remainder of the separated serum may be collected and retained in the plunger tube 12, by doubling back the outer end 18 of the capillary tube 15 into the plunger tube.
  • the piston head 13 may be pressed down until all of the separated serum 20 above the settled out solids 21 has been-removed. The portion of the serum which surrounds the cells or solid particles is not removed. Because of the extension of the capillary tube 15 outside the plunger tube 12, the serum in said plunger tube 12 may not return to the tube 11.
  • the capillary tube 15A may terminate inside the plunger tube 12 as shown in FIG. 6, in which arrangement the separated serum is collected in the plunger tube 12, from which it may be removed by pouring or in any other convenient manner.
  • the plunger tube 12, with piston head 13 and capillary tube 15 may be removed and discarded.
  • the tube 11 is generally cleansed and re-used for new blood samples, but if desired, the entire apparatus may be discarded, since the apparatus is very inexpensive, whether made of glass or of synthetic plastic, thus avoiding washing and re-sterilizing.
  • the apparatus has other uses. For example, it may be advantageously used to remove a separated top layer in a tube containing immiscible liquids, as sometimes used in liquid extractions, particularly for analytical purposes. It may also be used for removing relatively large amounts of liquid from a settled small body of an analytical precipitate in a tube, in completing well known analytical procedures.
  • Word capillary refers to small-bore plastic tubing having a bore of about inch.
  • An apparatus for separating a clear liquid from settled-out immiscible liquids and/ or settled-out solids in a suspending liquid contained therein comprising an outer transparent tubular member; a plunger tube longitudinally movable within said outer member; a piston head mounted on the closed inner end of said plunger tube, said piston head making sliding sealing contact with the inner walls of said outer tubular member, and flexible capillary tube disposed within said plunger tube, one end of said capillary tube extending through said piston head to communicate with the space in said outer tubular member below said piston head.
  • An apparatus for separating a clear liquid from settled-out immiscible liquids and/or settled-out solids in a suspending liquid contained therein comprising an outer transparent tubular member; a plunger tube longitudinally movable within said outer member; a piston head mounted on the closed inner end of said plunger tube, said piston head making sliding sealing contact with the inner walls of said outer tubular member, and flexible capillary tube disposed within said plunger tube, one end of said capillary tube extending through said piston head to communicate with the space in said outer tubular member below said piston head, said flexible capillary tube extending out of the opposite open end of said plunger tube.
  • a plunger tube longitudinally movable within said centrifuge tube; a piston head mounted on the inner end of said plunger tube, said piston head making sliding sealing contact with the inner walls of said outer tubular member, and a flexible capillary tube disposed within said plunger tube, one end of said capillary tube extending through said piston head to communicate with the space in said tubular member below said piston head.
  • a flexible capillary tube which extends beyond the outer end of said plunger tube.
  • a flexible capillary tube which terminates inside said plunger tube.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Weting (AREA)
US380497A 1964-07-06 1964-07-06 Serum separation apparatus and method Expired - Lifetime US3355098A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US380497A US3355098A (en) 1964-07-06 1964-07-06 Serum separation apparatus and method
GB25703/65A GB1066164A (en) 1964-07-06 1965-06-17 Serum separation apparatus and method
DE19651598053 DE1598053B2 (de) 1964-07-06 1965-06-25 Vorrichtung zum trennen von fluessigkeit von dispergierten feststoffen
GB33753/65A GB1066165A (en) 1964-07-06 1965-08-06 Process for the production of barrier layer elements
JP4786469A JPS542693B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1964-07-06 1969-06-16

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US380497A US3355098A (en) 1964-07-06 1964-07-06 Serum separation apparatus and method
GB33753/65A GB1066165A (en) 1964-07-06 1965-08-06 Process for the production of barrier layer elements

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3355098A true US3355098A (en) 1967-11-28

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US380497A Expired - Lifetime US3355098A (en) 1964-07-06 1964-07-06 Serum separation apparatus and method

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3355098A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS542693B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1598053B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (2) GB1066164A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3508653A (en) * 1967-11-17 1970-04-28 Charles M Coleman Method and apparatus for fluid handling and separation
US3651945A (en) * 1970-03-16 1972-03-28 Lilly Co Eli Continuous culture separation apparatus
US3661265A (en) * 1970-07-27 1972-05-09 Contemporary Research And Dev Serum separator type container
JPS4933690A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1972-07-22 1974-03-28
US3905528A (en) * 1974-04-10 1975-09-16 Hugh V Maiocco Two-piece concentric centrifuge sample container
US3983037A (en) * 1973-11-05 1976-09-28 Jae Yoon Lee Apparatus for transfer, storage, and distribution of liquid
JPS51115368A (en) * 1975-04-02 1976-10-09 Sanki Eng Kk Method and apparatus for continuously centrifugally separating
US4003834A (en) * 1975-03-31 1977-01-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health, Education And Welfare Density gradient fractionation by piston displacement
US4046699A (en) * 1976-11-01 1977-09-06 Corning Glass Works Access device for centrifugal separation assemblies
US4142668A (en) * 1976-10-01 1979-03-06 Lee Jae Y Serum-plasma separator and transfer apparatus
DE3046979A1 (de) * 1979-12-12 1981-10-01 Michael Prof. Cais Verfahren und vorrichtung fuer massentransferoperationen auf immunoassay- und anderen anwendungsgebieten
US4326959A (en) * 1981-02-04 1982-04-27 Ferrara Louis T Blood separator and dispenser
WO1984002004A1 (en) * 1982-11-15 1984-05-24 Quidel Integrated single tube plunger immunoassay system
US4487696A (en) * 1978-08-14 1984-12-11 Ferrara Louis T Blood separator and dispenser
WO1985002260A1 (en) * 1983-11-08 1985-05-23 Quidel Rapid plunger immunoassay method and apparatus
US5550060A (en) * 1992-11-03 1996-08-27 Chronomed, Inc. Method and procedure for preparing red blood fractions
US5980734A (en) * 1996-05-09 1999-11-09 Itoh; Teruaki Auxiliary apparatus for sampling blood serum
US20040256331A1 (en) * 2002-10-04 2004-12-23 Arking E. James System and method for fractionation of a centrifuged sample
EP1773494A4 (en) * 2004-05-28 2009-06-03 Wardlaw Stephen C SAMPLE ANALYSIS TUBE
US11786894B2 (en) 2020-10-29 2023-10-17 Ashim Gupta Whole blood separator device and method of use

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4022576A (en) * 1975-06-09 1977-05-10 I. C. L. Scientific Method and apparatus for preparation of liquids containing suspended material for examination
IL60645A (en) * 1980-07-21 1984-02-29 Cais Michael Method and device for mass transfer and separation through selective barriers
JPS61110276U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1984-12-25 1986-07-12

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1591604A (en) * 1921-10-31 1926-07-06 Milwaukee Tank Works Grease distributor
US1714482A (en) * 1927-05-28 1929-05-21 Schmuziger Willy Discharging device for paints and the like
US2362081A (en) * 1943-04-26 1944-11-07 Wilco Company Pump unit for spray or jet devices
US2394189A (en) * 1942-10-06 1946-02-05 Texaco Development Corp Control of paraffin deposition
US3131646A (en) * 1962-10-15 1964-05-05 Parco Products Co Hand pump

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1591604A (en) * 1921-10-31 1926-07-06 Milwaukee Tank Works Grease distributor
US1714482A (en) * 1927-05-28 1929-05-21 Schmuziger Willy Discharging device for paints and the like
US2394189A (en) * 1942-10-06 1946-02-05 Texaco Development Corp Control of paraffin deposition
US2362081A (en) * 1943-04-26 1944-11-07 Wilco Company Pump unit for spray or jet devices
US3131646A (en) * 1962-10-15 1964-05-05 Parco Products Co Hand pump

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3508653A (en) * 1967-11-17 1970-04-28 Charles M Coleman Method and apparatus for fluid handling and separation
US3651945A (en) * 1970-03-16 1972-03-28 Lilly Co Eli Continuous culture separation apparatus
US3661265A (en) * 1970-07-27 1972-05-09 Contemporary Research And Dev Serum separator type container
JPS4933690A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1972-07-22 1974-03-28
US3983037A (en) * 1973-11-05 1976-09-28 Jae Yoon Lee Apparatus for transfer, storage, and distribution of liquid
US3905528A (en) * 1974-04-10 1975-09-16 Hugh V Maiocco Two-piece concentric centrifuge sample container
US4003834A (en) * 1975-03-31 1977-01-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health, Education And Welfare Density gradient fractionation by piston displacement
JPS51115368A (en) * 1975-04-02 1976-10-09 Sanki Eng Kk Method and apparatus for continuously centrifugally separating
US4142668A (en) * 1976-10-01 1979-03-06 Lee Jae Y Serum-plasma separator and transfer apparatus
US4046699A (en) * 1976-11-01 1977-09-06 Corning Glass Works Access device for centrifugal separation assemblies
US4487696A (en) * 1978-08-14 1984-12-11 Ferrara Louis T Blood separator and dispenser
DE3046979A1 (de) * 1979-12-12 1981-10-01 Michael Prof. Cais Verfahren und vorrichtung fuer massentransferoperationen auf immunoassay- und anderen anwendungsgebieten
US4326959A (en) * 1981-02-04 1982-04-27 Ferrara Louis T Blood separator and dispenser
WO1984002004A1 (en) * 1982-11-15 1984-05-24 Quidel Integrated single tube plunger immunoassay system
US4458020A (en) * 1982-11-15 1984-07-03 Quidel Integrated single tube plunger immunoassay system having plural reagent chambers
WO1985002260A1 (en) * 1983-11-08 1985-05-23 Quidel Rapid plunger immunoassay method and apparatus
US5550060A (en) * 1992-11-03 1996-08-27 Chronomed, Inc. Method and procedure for preparing red blood fractions
US5980734A (en) * 1996-05-09 1999-11-09 Itoh; Teruaki Auxiliary apparatus for sampling blood serum
US20040256331A1 (en) * 2002-10-04 2004-12-23 Arking E. James System and method for fractionation of a centrifuged sample
US20100238287A1 (en) * 2002-10-04 2010-09-23 Ikonisys, Inc. System and method for fractionation of a centrifuged sample
EP1773494A4 (en) * 2004-05-28 2009-06-03 Wardlaw Stephen C SAMPLE ANALYSIS TUBE
US11786894B2 (en) 2020-10-29 2023-10-17 Ashim Gupta Whole blood separator device and method of use

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1066165A (en) 1967-04-19
DE1598053A1 (de) 1971-07-29
JPS542693B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1979-02-10
DE1598053B2 (de) 1972-01-27
GB1066164A (en) 1967-04-19

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