US3353889A - Method of manufacturing electron tubes - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing electron tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3353889A
US3353889A US527293A US52729366A US3353889A US 3353889 A US3353889 A US 3353889A US 527293 A US527293 A US 527293A US 52729366 A US52729366 A US 52729366A US 3353889 A US3353889 A US 3353889A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
parts
tube
envelope
rim
photo
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US527293A
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English (en)
Inventor
Legoux Rene
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
Original Assignee
US Philips Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3353889A publication Critical patent/US3353889A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J40/00—Photoelectric discharge tubes not involving the ionisation of a gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/20—Seals between parts of vessels
    • H01J5/22—Vacuum-tight joints between parts of vessel
    • H01J5/28—Vacuum-tight joints between parts of vessel between conductive parts of vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/24—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases
    • H01J9/26—Sealing together parts of vessels
    • H01J9/263—Sealing together parts of vessels specially adapted for cathode-ray tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/38—Exhausting, degassing, filling, or cleaning vessels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0033—Vacuum connection techniques applicable to discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0037—Solid sealing members other than lamp bases
    • H01J2893/0044—Direct connection between two metal elements, in particular via material a connecting material

Definitions

  • AThe invention relates to a method of manufacturing an electron tube havinga ⁇ photo-sensitive layer, whilst in the vacuum space in which the tube parts are degassed at a high'tempe'rature the'two parts of the tube envelope to be joined are held yat 'a given distance from each other, a photo-'sensitive layer is provided and the envelope parts concernedv are united to a closed tubeV by cold pressing, whilst the vacuum of the vacuum 'space is obviated and the ready tube is removed.
  • Such a method is known for the manufacture of cascade image intensifying tubes not showing exhaust tube. It is completely carried out in a vacuum space.
  • the tube parts are degassed therein and a photo-sensitive layer of the desired, frequently complex composition is applied by vapour deposition to a supporting body.
  • a photo-sensitive layer of the desired, frequently complex composition is applied by vapour deposition to a supporting body.
  • the supporting body thus provided with a sensitive layer, which must not be exposed to the ambient atmosphere, is mounted in one of the envelope parts, the two tube parts are joined to each other (still in vacuo) by pressing the opposite rims with a great force one against the other.
  • the material of these -rims is copper.
  • the upwardly orientated groove in the uninterrupted rim of one of the tube parts has the shape of a V and the corresponding rim of the other tube part a profile fitting in said groove.
  • the invention furthermore provides a particular method embodyingthis invention which is characterized in that in the position in which the tube parts partly covered with a layer of a soft material are remote from each other a number of vapour-deposition sources are arranged temporarily between said envelope parts and energized so that a supporting body in one of the tube parts can be provided with a photo-sensitive layer, after which said sources are removed from between the tube parts andthe tube is sealed.
  • a device suitable for carrying out this method which comprises a vacuum bell to be exhausted which can be connected with a pump, means for holding the two envelope parts of an electronic tube at a given distance from each other, a furnace having vapour-deposition means for applying a photo-sensitive layer in vacuo to the supporting body which forms part of one of the envelope parts and means for pressing the facing rims of the envelope parts to be united in the cold state, is furthermore characterized in that the means for holding the envelope parts to be united serve to displace these parts with their facing rims only in a direction of height relatively to each other along a set of standing guide columns, and in that the device comprises furthermore means for moving the vapour-deposition furnace reciprocatorily in a lateral direction, which furnace is located in one of its positions at such a place between the envelope parts to be joined that the vapour-deposition means are just located opposite the supporting body to be covered.
  • the invention will be briey described with reference tional view of a vacuum bell inside which a photo-electric tube is manufactured.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b are a longitudinal sectional and a cross-sectional view respectively of part of a vacuum bell inside which a photo-intensifying tube is manufactured and FIG. 3 shows the relatively co-operating closing rims of the two parts to be united of the envelope of an electronic tube.
  • the electronic tube to be manufactured by the method according to the invention is arranged in a vacuum space, the lower part of which has a body 1 of stainless steel, on which a glass bell is mounted. All members holding the various parts of the electronic tube and the members for moving said parts of various mechanisms to be moved in the vacuum space are connected with said body.
  • the vacuum in the bell 2 is obtained by means of a pump 5, which communicates through a metal valve 6 with the body 1.
  • the various parts are intercoupled by suitable metal connections so that the vacuum exhibits a pressure of l-1 Torr.
  • the envelope of the electronic tube is formed by two cylindrical portions each having a metal ring 9 and 10 respectively, the facing rims of which rings are pressed one against the other under the action of a compressive force so that the envelope of the tube is sealed (see FIG. 3).
  • the connection is established by pressing two parts against each other, which are covered with the same material, the yielding properties of which are favourablel Use is made of a soft metal.
  • indium,y tin, lead preferably indium is chosen. This metal is introduced into a V-shaped groove 9a of the lowermost part 9.
  • the downwardly orientated rim 10a of the uppermost part 10 is coated with the soft material by dipping this rim in a metal bath obtained by melting the material in the groove 9a.
  • the parts 9a and 10a are previously cleaned preferably by etching and they may be coated with a gold layer of 1 to 2n thick.
  • the parts of the electroinic tube to be ⁇ manufactured are arranged inside the bell 2.
  • the part forming the supporting body 11 of the photocathode is immovably held in the part 3, which part is supported from two columns 12.
  • the associated envelope part 13 of the electronic l tube is secured to a block 14, which is displaceable along the columns 12.
  • This block 14 is coupled with a rod 4 of a hydraulic press, which can provide a force of a few tons.
  • the passage of the rod 4 through the wall of the vacuum space is of the conventional type so that a further description may be dispensed with.
  • the members containing the sources of the basic materials for the formation of the photo-sensitive layer(s) are also arranged inside the glass bell 2. These members are arranged preferably in a single group on a rotatable arm 1S. They are located in an auxiliary space 15 serving temporarily as a vapourdeposition furnace. These members are simultaneously displaced .by turning the arm 18. This arm is coupled by means of a lever and bellows system so that, when it is moved, the vacuum is maintained in the bell 2.
  • the sources are arranged opposite the supporting body 11 to be coated and removed therefrom as soon as this layer is formed.
  • the block 14 has first to be moved downwards so that the vapour-deposition device with the electrodes 19 is situated opposite the supporting body 11 for the sensitive layer.
  • vapour-deposition sources for the photo-sensitive layer are degassed at a temperature between 600y and 700 C. by heating with Joules heat. Also the indium in the groove 9a is then melted.
  • the block 14 is moved upwardly until the rim 10a is dipped in the molten indium bath in the groove 9a.
  • the soft metal covers the metal rim 10a within a few minutes. Then the parts are moved away from each other and the temperature of the assembly is reduced to room temperature, the indium thus hardening.
  • auxiliary space 15 with the various vapour-deposition sources is then moved in between the spaced envelope parts 9 and 10 by actuating the arms 18 so that the supporting body 11 forms the upper boundary of the auxiliary space 15; an opening of a few millimeters should, however, be left in the auxiliary space for pumping away unwanted gases developed by the various sources.
  • the materials which have to be evaporated at room temperature are first evaporated. Then the bell 2 and the tube parts are heated at a temperature which depends upon the nature of the photo-sensitive layer and may reach 250 C. This rise in temperature may be obtained by energizing a heating element 16.
  • the temperature of the assembly is reduced to the ambient temperature of 30 to 40 C. This reduction may be accelerated by having a cooling liquid ⁇ circulating through a cooling pipe 17 inside the bell 2.
  • the photo-electric tube is sealed.
  • the auxiliary space 15 with the sources is tiltedl away into the position indicated in broken lines. inFIG. 2b.
  • the block 1'4 is moved upwardly by means of the rod 4 of the hydraulic press.
  • the force exerted is of the order of l0 kga/mm. of the circumference ofthe rim (9, 10) and ensures a firm interconnection of the metallic, indium-coated surfaces.
  • the vacuum ofthe bell 2 may be obviated and the ready tube may be removed.
  • FIG. 2b shows the members for tilting away the f auxiliary space 15 into the position shown in broken lines.
  • FIG. 2a indicates by arrows the direction of vapourdeposition of one of the photo-sensitive materials (Sb).
  • the electrodes for the diffuse distribution of alkali metals (Na, K, Rb) are designated by 19.
  • a method of manufacturing an electron discharge tube having a photo-sensitive layer in a vacuum space in which the tube has parts which are degassed at a high temperature, two parts of the tube envelope to be joined being held at a given distance from each other, a photosensitive layer being provided and the envelope parts concerned being united to form a sealed tube by cold pressing, while the vacuum of the vacuum space is obviated and the ready tube is removed afterwards, characterized in that one of the two envelope parts is provided with an uninterrupted rim, the upwardly orientated side of which is provided with a groove, whereas the other part has a corresponding rim the downwardly orientated side of which has a profile suitable for co-operation with the first-mentioned rim, while the various tube parts are degassed, when the tube parts are remote from each other, a mass introduced into said groove consisting of soft material is melted, after which the parts are moved towards each other and away from each other so that the downwardly orientated rim of one of the tube parts is wetted by dipping in the bath

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
US527293A 1965-02-23 1966-02-14 Method of manufacturing electron tubes Expired - Lifetime US3353889A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR6689A FR1434291A (fr) 1965-02-23 1965-02-23 Procédé de fabrication de tubes électroniques comportant une couche photo-sensible et tubes ainsi fabriqués

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3353889A true US3353889A (en) 1967-11-21

Family

ID=8571694

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US527293A Expired - Lifetime US3353889A (en) 1965-02-23 1966-02-14 Method of manufacturing electron tubes
US659249A Expired - Lifetime US3427088A (en) 1965-02-23 1967-06-02 Device for manufacturing electron tubes

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US659249A Expired - Lifetime US3427088A (en) 1965-02-23 1967-06-02 Device for manufacturing electron tubes

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US3353889A (ar)
DE (1) DE1295725B (ar)
FR (1) FR1434291A (ar)
GB (1) GB1143535A (ar)
NL (1) NL6602099A (ar)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3630590A (en) * 1969-03-27 1971-12-28 Fernseh Gmbh Method for transferring layers produced in a vacuum

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2399300A1 (fr) * 1979-02-01 1979-03-02 Labo Cent Telecommunicat Procede de formation a froid de soudures etanches entre pieces metalliques et application dudit procede aux tubes electroniques
GB2132601B (en) * 1982-12-23 1986-08-20 Ferranti Plc Joining articles of materials of different expansion coefficients
DE3620585A1 (de) * 1986-06-19 1987-12-23 Licentia Gmbh Verfahren zum vakuumdichten verbinden zweier metallener gehaeuseteile

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2906580A (en) * 1955-06-16 1959-09-29 Sylvania Electric Prod Lamp-making machinery
BE566011A (ar) * 1957-03-25

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3630590A (en) * 1969-03-27 1971-12-28 Fernseh Gmbh Method for transferring layers produced in a vacuum

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1295725B (de) 1969-05-22
GB1143535A (ar)
US3427088A (en) 1969-02-11
NL6602099A (ar) 1966-08-24
FR1434291A (fr) 1966-04-08

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