US3353449A - Tracing mechanism for duplicating milling machines - Google Patents

Tracing mechanism for duplicating milling machines Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3353449A
US3353449A US553572A US55357266A US3353449A US 3353449 A US3353449 A US 3353449A US 553572 A US553572 A US 553572A US 55357266 A US55357266 A US 55357266A US 3353449 A US3353449 A US 3353449A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tracer
contact
pattern
measuring
ball
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US553572A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Schlapp Georg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nassovia Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik GmbH
Original Assignee
Nassovia Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nassovia Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik GmbH filed Critical Nassovia Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3353449A publication Critical patent/US3353449A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q35/00—Control systems or devices for copying directly from a pattern or a master model; Devices for use in copying manually
    • B23Q35/04—Control systems or devices for copying directly from a pattern or a master model; Devices for use in copying manually using a feeler or the like travelling along the outline of the pattern, model or drawing; Feelers, patterns, or models therefor
    • B23Q35/08—Means for transforming movement of the feeler or the like into feed movement of tool or work
    • B23Q35/12—Means for transforming movement of the feeler or the like into feed movement of tool or work involving electrical means
    • B23Q35/121—Means for transforming movement of the feeler or the like into feed movement of tool or work involving electrical means using mechanical sensing
    • B23Q35/122—Means for transforming movement of the feeler or the like into feed movement of tool or work involving electrical means using mechanical sensing the feeler opening or closing electrical contacts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q35/00—Control systems or devices for copying directly from a pattern or a master model; Devices for use in copying manually
    • B23Q35/04—Control systems or devices for copying directly from a pattern or a master model; Devices for use in copying manually using a feeler or the like travelling along the outline of the pattern, model or drawing; Feelers, patterns, or models therefor
    • B23Q35/24—Feelers; Feeler units
    • B23Q35/26—Feelers; Feeler units designed for a physical contact with a pattern or a model
    • B23Q35/30—Feelers; Feeler units designed for a physical contact with a pattern or a model for control of an electrical or electro-hydraulic copying system
    • B23Q35/34—Feelers; Feeler units designed for a physical contact with a pattern or a model for control of an electrical or electro-hydraulic copying system in which the feeler varies an electrical characteristic in a circuit, e.g. capacity, frequency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/303416—Templet, tracer, or cutter
    • Y10T409/303472—Tracer
    • Y10T409/303528—Adapted to trigger electrical energy

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a key-operated and controlled duplicating machine tool and in particular to an electrohydraulically acting tracing mechanism for a duplicating machine which operates in the manner of an advanced controlled machine.
  • This invention applies to duplicating machines of the type disclosed in the patent to Kohl, No. 3,241,455.
  • the object of this invention is to produce an advance control mechanism in which the drive to the advance control mechanism becomes always only effective when the pattern contour changes, and further that a certain angle is maintained between the direction of the advance force and the contact tangent between the tracer and pattern.
  • a measuring ring or ball is mounted on the tracer and the measuring head is rotatably driven around the axis of the ring or ball, said head having two pulse transmitters adapted to contact the measuring ring or ball.
  • Pulses from the transmitters start the rotation of the measuring head in the sense of the advance control either clockwise or counterclockwise as soon as the pattern contour deviates from the contact tangent.
  • the measuring head does not rotate as soon as the contact tangent between the tracer and pattern coincides with the pattern contour.
  • this electrically operated advance control mechanism presents, in connection with the hydraulic control elements actuated by parallel outward movement of the tracer, the currently most advanced development for controlling the tracer to obtain the highest degree of duplicating accuracy.
  • the pulse transmitters are composed of three electrical contacts mounted on the front side of the measuring head and equally spaced on a circular arc.
  • the center electrical contact is joined to the control apparatus and produces the advance force and lies diametrically opposite a spring-pressed member.
  • the adjoining electrical contacts are also joined to the control apparatus.
  • the pressure member is composed of a one-sided centralizing leg which bears against the measuring ring or ball in such a way that the end of the leg transmitting the advance force pushes the ring or ball to an eccentric position and against the measuring head. This, in turn, pushes the tracer against the pattern.
  • the measuring ring or ball is always closed with the center and one adjoining electrical contact.
  • the ring or ball closes with the middle electrical contact or one of the adjoining contacts or is open with respect to all electrical contacts.
  • the electrical contacts are arranged relative to one another and to the pressure member so that when the contact tangent deviates from the pattern contour the following relations between the electrical contacts and the measuring ring or ball can become possible.
  • the electrical contacts are mounted on the measuring head which is driven by a motor and which head is like a ring and surrounds a measuring element such as a ball which is positioned on the end of the tracer, or can be a disc-like measuring head which surrounds a measuring ring mounted on the end of the tracer rod.
  • the electrical contacts can be in the form of rollers which are insulated from one another.
  • the measuring ring can be pivoted and locked around an axis extending at right angles to the tracer axis and mounted in a bifurcated member enclosed on the end of the tracer.
  • FIGURE 1 is a front view partially in section of the measuring head of this invention engaging the end of a tracer which is following a pattern;
  • FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line II-II of FIGURE 1 with the measuring head rotated to the left;
  • FIGURE 3 is a view similar to FIGURE 1 of a modification using electrical contact segments
  • FIGURE 4 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line IV-IV of FIGURE 3 with the measuring head rotated 120 to the left;
  • FIGURE 5 is a view similar to FIGURE 1 showing a modification in which the measuring head is in the form of a disc having electrical contact rollers;
  • FIGURE 6 is a cross-sectional view on the line VIVI of FIGURE 5 with the measuring head rotated 60 to the right;
  • FIGURE 7 is a view similar to FIGURE 5 and showin g a modification in which the measuring head disc contains electrical contact segments;
  • FIGURE 8 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line VIII-VIII of FIGURE 7 with the measuring head rotated 60 to the right;
  • FIGURE 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of the control system for the advance control mechanism.
  • FIGURES 10 to 18, inclusive are diagrammatic views showing the positions of the measuring head with regard to various pattern contours in a line milling process.
  • FIGURES 1 to 8 show an advance control for a duplicating machine tool in which the tracer housing 1 contains fork levers 2 and 2' joined to the tracer rod 3 which holds the tracing pin 4.
  • Levers 2 and 2 permit the tracer rod 3 to move parallel to itself in three space planes.
  • Through the levers 2 and 2' rod 3 communicates with slide valves 5, 6 and 7 in such a way that the valves, upon outward movement of the rod 3, actuate pistons for mov ing the workpiece sleds in a direction which corresponds to the outward movement of the tracer.
  • the outward movement distance of the tracer, and thus the movement of the hydraulic control valves corresponds to the velocity of the forward movement.
  • the advance control mechanism is rotatably mounted in a circular guide groove 8.
  • the advance control mechanism has a base 9 rotatable in groove 8 and supports a cover 10 which is pivotally supported by pins 11 on an axis which lies at right angles to the longitudinal axis of rod 3 and can be swung to and fastened in any position in the space coordinates.
  • the advance control mechanism consists essentially of a measuring ball 13 fastened to the upper end of rod 3 and which extends through an opening 12 in the cover 10.
  • a shaft 15 is rotatably driven by a motor 16 for turning the measuring head.
  • This head in FIGURES 1 and 2, carries three electrical contact rollers 17, 18 and 19 which are mounted on the front end of the measuring head and are equally spaced on a circular arc.
  • the center plane of the electrical contact rollers extends through the center of measuring ball 13 and lies on the longitudinal axis of rod 3.
  • electrical contact segments 20, 21 and 22 are used instead of the rollers of FIGURES l and 2.
  • Diametrically opposite roller 18 or segment 21 are two pressure rollers 23 and 24 supporting a centering leg 25 and pivotable around a fulcrum 26 and annular lever 27.
  • a spring 28 produces the advance force and extends between the cover 10 and the free end of lever 27.
  • Centering leg 25 bears constantly against ball 13 to force the ball constantly into an eccentric position within the measuring head.
  • the amount of the eccentricity in this instance corresponds to the distance of the forward movement of the tracer with regard to the pattern.
  • the electrical contact rollers 17, 19 or the segments 20, 22 are connected by a common electrical line 29 with control apparatus 30 while roller 18 or segment 21 has a separate electrical line 31 leading to control apparatus 30.
  • the control voltages or pulses are produced from rollers 17, 19 or segments 20, 22 through a collecting ring 32 mounted on the circumference of the measuring head and from there to sliding contact 33 to line 29. From roller 18 or segment 21, the current is transmitted through a second collecting ring 34 connected to the roller 18 by wire 34' and through a sliding contact 35 joined to line 31.
  • FIGURES 5, 6, 7 and 8 show an advance control mechanism in which a measuring ring 36 is used instead of a ball and the measuring head is in the form of a disc 37.
  • the measuring ring 36 is tiltably supported on a bifurcated member 38 by means of pins 39, with the member 38 rotatably supported by a pin 40 journalled in roller bearings 41 on the upper end of the tracer rod. Ring 36 can thus be turned horizontally and also tilted to any desired position.
  • Measuring head 37 contains three electrical contact rollers in a manner similar to FIGURE 1 and the roller 18 is again diametrically opposite centering leg 25 supported by the pressure rollers 23 and 24. Leg 25 is constantly forced against the measuring ring 36 by lever 27 pressed by spring 28.
  • the measuring ring is brought into an eccentric position with respect to the measuring head by an advancing distance x.
  • Rollers 17 and 19 are joined to collecting ring 32 on the outer circumference of the measuring head and electrically connected to sliding contact 33 and line 29 which is common to both and to the control apparatus 30.
  • Roller 19 is electrically connected to collecting ring 34 and to the control apparatus through sliding contact 35 and line 31.
  • FIGURES 7 and 8 show a modification of the mechanism of FIGURES and 6 which is analogous to FIG- URES 2 and 3.
  • the electrical contact rollers are replaced by contact segments 20, 21 and 22 which are electrically connected to the control apparatus as described for FIG- URES 6 and 7.
  • FIGURE 9 is a schematic circuit diagram for the control of the advance control mechanism by the control apparatus 30.
  • the same reference numerals for the electrical contacts and lines are used as shown in FIGURES 1 to 8.
  • the reference numerals in parenthesis are those of the corresponding parts of FIGURES 5 to 8. With a constant low voltage of about 24 volts, measuring ball 13 or ring 37 represent the stationary mass of the machine.
  • the counter electrical contact rollers 17, 18 and 19 or segments 20, 21 and 22 are openable or closable with the measuring ball 13 or ring 37 as determined by the pattern contour or thus the outward movement of the tracer.
  • Contacts 17 (20) and 19 (22) are joined to a common line 29 which leads through a relay Y to the other polarity while contact 18 (21) is connected by line 31 through relay Z to the same polarity.
  • Contacts Y1, Y2 of the relay Y and Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 of the relay Z are electrically joined to the motor 16 for electrically driving the measuring head and functions as follows:
  • the measuring ball 13 is forced aaginst the two electrical contact rollers 17 and 18 by the advance force produced by roller 23 of the centering leg.
  • the advance force acting on the pattern in the direction of the arrow thereby forms an acute angle of about 30 with the angle of contact between the tracer and the pattern.
  • the bisector of the angle enclosed between two electrical contacts such as rollers 17 and 18 which exists during inoperative position of the measuring head in touching contact with the measuring ball lies always parallel to the contact tangent between the tracer and the pattern.
  • the tracing rod moves because of the small outward movement of the advance piston and effects a movement along the surface of the pattern in FIGURE 10 from left to right.
  • the rod drops and ball 13 is brought under the effect of the advance force by means of the centering leg and put into a position in which the contact between ball 13 (36) and contact 17 (20) is open and only the contact 18 is closed with ball 13.
  • Both rollers 23 and 24 of the centering leg now bear against ball 13 and force the same against contact 18. Because contact 17 is open with ball 13, the working contacts Y1 and Y2 of relay Y are again closed and contacts Z1, Z4 and Z2, Z3 remain closed and/or open.
  • the functions of the control have heretofore been described; they correspond to the switching positions shown in FIGURE 9.
  • the measuring head is thus driven counterclockwise and momentarily takes a standstill position as shown in FIGURE 10, and this continues until the tracing rod reaches the slanting or inclined pattern contour shown in FIGURE 14. At this point, its outward movement is vertical so that the contact between ball 13 (36) and the center roller 18 (21) is again open and only contact 17 is closed with ball 13.
  • Relay contacts Z1, Z4 of relay Z are again open and the contacts Z2 and Z3 are closed.
  • Motor 16 again drives the measuring head counterclockwise until the contact tangent of approximately 30 has been again formed for the direction of the forward force as shown in FIGURE 15.
  • motor combination 42 (FIGURE 9) which can be controlled by a limit switch arranged at the end of the working sled, it is possible that the direction of rotation of the machine can be alternated. It is clear that resistors or tubes or any other equivalent means can be used for the electrical control elements of the control apparatus instead of relays.
  • a duplicating machine tool having a tracer adapted to follow a pattern, a measuring element mounted on said tracer, an advance control mechanism having a measuring head rotatably engageable with said element for forcing said tracer in constant engagement with the pattern and automatically determining the advance direction as a function of the contact tangent between the tracer and pattern, and means in said measuring head activated by engagement of said head with said element for transmitting two impulses to an electronic control for rotating said head clockwise or counterclockwise as soon as the pattern contour deviates from the contact tangent and for stopping rotation when the contact tangent coincides with the pattern contour.
  • said means comprising three equally spaced electrical contacts mounted on said head and lying on a circular are, a spring-pressed member mounted on said head diametrically opposite the center electrical contact and bearing on said element, means electrically connecting the center electrical contact to the advance control mechanism for producing the advance force, means electrically connecting the two electrical contacts adjoining the center contact with the advance control mechanism, and said spring-pressed member holding said element in eccentric position with respect to said head to close the center and one adjoining electrical contact when the contact tangent coincides with the pattern contour, and opening at least the center electrical contact when the contact tangent deviates from the pattern contour.
  • said measuring element being closed with said center electrical contact when said tracer tends to leave the pattern, said measuring element being closed with one of said adjoining electrical contacts when slopes are traced on the pattern which lie above the selfstopping of the tracer, and said measuring element being open with respect to said electrical contacts when said tracer is pushed back by the pattern contour relative to its direction of movement.
  • said electrical contacts comprising rollers.
  • said measuring element com prising a bifurcated member turnably mounted on said tracer, and a measuring ring pivotally secured to said member on an axis at a right angle to said tracer and engageable wtih said measuring head.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Indicating Or Recording The Presence, Absence, Or Direction Of Movement (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Copy Controls (AREA)
US553572A 1965-05-28 1966-05-27 Tracing mechanism for duplicating milling machines Expired - Lifetime US3353449A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEN0026799 1965-05-28
DEN0027085 1965-07-24
DEN0027145 1965-08-07
DEN0027425 1965-10-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3353449A true US3353449A (en) 1967-11-21

Family

ID=27437280

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US553572A Expired - Lifetime US3353449A (en) 1965-05-28 1966-05-27 Tracing mechanism for duplicating milling machines

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3353449A (xx)
AT (1) AT277710B (xx)
BE (2) BE681767A (xx)
CH (2) CH455453A (xx)
DE (4) DE1513236A1 (xx)
GB (2) GB1126959A (xx)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3512451A (en) * 1964-06-24 1970-05-19 Nassovia Werkzeugmaschf Tracing mechanism for duplicating machine tools particularly duplicating milling machines
CN1041903C (zh) * 1992-12-24 1999-02-03 菲迪亚股份公司 一种特别用于仿形靠模机床的探头装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2796806A (en) * 1954-03-26 1957-06-25 Hanns Fickert Autoamtic tracer control
US3241455A (en) * 1964-06-24 1966-03-22 Nassovia Werkzeugmaschf Tracing mechanism for duplicating milling machines

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2796806A (en) * 1954-03-26 1957-06-25 Hanns Fickert Autoamtic tracer control
US3241455A (en) * 1964-06-24 1966-03-22 Nassovia Werkzeugmaschf Tracing mechanism for duplicating milling machines

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3512451A (en) * 1964-06-24 1970-05-19 Nassovia Werkzeugmaschf Tracing mechanism for duplicating machine tools particularly duplicating milling machines
CN1041903C (zh) * 1992-12-24 1999-02-03 菲迪亚股份公司 一种特别用于仿形靠模机床的探头装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1513243A1 (de) 1970-04-16
BE684577A (xx) 1967-01-03
DE1513236A1 (de) 1969-09-25
GB1127393A (en) 1968-10-18
GB1126959A (en) 1968-09-11
DE1513240A1 (de) 1969-10-23
DE1513239A1 (de) 1970-01-22
CH490918A (de) 1970-05-31
BE681767A (xx) 1966-10-31
AT277710B (de) 1970-01-12
CH455453A (de) 1968-07-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
GB1077134A (en) Positioning device
US3353449A (en) Tracing mechanism for duplicating milling machines
GB1535355A (en) Machines for finishing gear wheel teeth
US4170830A (en) Feeler for measuring lengths
US3114295A (en) Copying machine tool
GB1418546A (en) Scanning apparatus
US3373659A (en) Tracing mechanism for duplicating machine
US2076865A (en) Manually controlled copying machine
US3358562A (en) Tracing mechanism for duplicating milling machines
US2007899A (en) Tracer
US3477340A (en) Milling cutter holder
US2765592A (en) Machine tool
US2086523A (en) Reproducing mechanism
US3160958A (en) Measuring and recording arrangements
US3368456A (en) Tracer unit for duplicating tool machines, particularly duplicating milling machines
US1754256A (en) Engraving machine
US431578A (en) Means for moving and guiding turning
FR2364730A1 (fr) Dispositif pour le guidage du bruleur d'un chalumeau ou d'un chalumeau decoupeur suivant une courbe gauche d'une piece
GB965513A (en) Machine for grinding conical drill points
US2330354A (en) Shaping or cutting machine
US3130497A (en) Motion control apparatus
US3357309A (en) Protective device for tracer mechanism
GB1176676A (en) A Tracer Assembly for a Copying Machine Tool.
US2618255A (en) Device for truing grinding wheels
US3122864A (en) Automatic profiling machine