US335309A

US335309A - William g

Info

Publication number: US335309A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1886-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 1903-02-02

Description

(No Model.)

W. G. RENDALL.

CUTTER HEAD.

No. 335,309. Patented Feb. 2, 1886.

INVENTOR ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

XVILLIAM G. RENDALL, OF PORTLAND, OREGON.

CUTTER-H EAD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 335,309, dated February 2, 1886.

Application filed September 3, 1885. 5crialNo.170,0Tfi. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM G. RENDALL, of Portland, in the county of Multnomah and State of Oregon, have invented a new and Improved Sectional Spiral Cutter-Head, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to rotatable cutterheads, adapted more particularly for use in felling trees and for cutting off driven piles while building wharves or other structures, the cutter-head being adapted to be carried by any suitable frame having pulleys and belts for rotating it as it is pressed to the work.

The invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations ofparts of the cutter-head, all as hereinafter fully described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figurel is a side elevation of the central portion of a spiral cutter-head made in accordance with my invention, and with reverse or right and left hand spirals, and showing also one end portion of the cutter-head partly broken away. Fig. 2 is an enlarged crosssectional elevation of the cutter-head shown in Fig. l and drawn full size. Fig. 3 is aside elevation of the central part of aspiral cutterhead made with right and left hand spirals, but with a different form of cutting-tooth to that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross'sectional elevation of the cutter-head shown in Fig. 3 and drawn full size. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the tooth-holding heads or sections of the cutter-head. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the teeth usedin the cutter-head shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of one of the toothed cutters used in the head shown inv Figs. 3 and 4; and Fig. 8 is a diagram in smaller scale, illustrating a complete double or reverse spiral cutter-head.

The letter A indicates the shaft of the cutterhead, onto which are placed by their central ring portions, 11, the cutter or tooth holding heads or sections B, which may vary in numher according to the desired length of the cutter-head, the sections being placed upon the shaft A, side by side, so as to be clamped tightly together by nuts 0 O, threaded upon the opposite ends of the shaft, and between said nuts and the outer or end tooth=holding sections, B, I prefer to interpose heavy collars D, which are of about the same diameter as the sections B, and serve as clamps to hold the sections rigidly together on the shaft A, to which the rings 1) of the sections will be quite snugly fitted. The tooth-holding sections B have opposite end parts or wings B B, which have flat opposite sides or faces b b, lying in the same plane with the opposite edges of their ring portions 1), and these opposite faces are disposed one in advance of the other, thereby forming beveled faces I) b" at opposite edges of the end parts, B, of each section B, so that when the sections are clamped together on their shaft A, with their ends B advanced one on the other, the opposite beveled faces I) b of their end parts will form the practically smooth opposite faces of a continuous helical web ext-ending around and along the shaft A, either to the right or left hand. depending on the way in which the faces 12 1)" are beveled with relation to the flat side faces of the sections B. The helical web thus formed is comparatively thick and heavy, so as to give substantial supportto the teeth or cutters set into the sections B, as presently described, and at the same time ample clearance room is afforded for the escape of the sawdust or chips produced by the teeth or cutters through the spiral space formed outside of the ring portions b of the sections.

About at the centers of the opposite faces I) I) of the end parts, B, of each section B are formed radial recesses E F, respectively, which recesses have notches G- formed in their opposing side edges, so that the tongues H formed on the tangs I of either style of cutting-tooth J or K may enter the notches G, while the tangs I rest in the main parts of the recesses. The recesses E F are in depth but one ha1f the thickness of the tangs I of the teeth, and when the sections B are properly disposed along the shaft A to form the spiral web, as above explained, the opposite recesses E F of the adjacent sections B will coincide,

as shown at the extreme left of Fig. 1, so that when the teeth are placed in the recesses their t-angs I serve as dowels to look into the opposing faces of ends B or into each section B at four different places, to prevent the sections from slipping around separately on the shaft, and thus preserve the integrity of the spiral web formed by the end parts, B, of the sections, the opposite clamping-collars D and nut 0 serving to hold the sections firmly to each other, face to face, to hold the teeth in place laterally in the cutter-head. The teeth J or K have projecting shoulders, as at j k, respect: ively, at opposite faces of the tangs-I, so as to increase the thickness of the heads or body parts of the teeth over that of the t'angs at each side for a distance equal to one-half the space between the next adjacent recesses E F, in which the tangs are held, and thereby allowing the bodies of the teethwl'1ich bodies are of the same thickness as the cutter-head sections Bto touch each other at their side faces and mutually support each other laterally, and form practically a continuous cutti ngspiral around the cutter-head for its whole' length.

It is obvious that the interlocking of the tongues H of the teeth-tangs with the notches G of the sections B will prevent displacement of the teeth from the cutter-head by centrifugal force as the cutter revolves, and the tongues and notches, which are spaced uniformly, also allow the shanks of the teeth to be set out farther in the recesses E F of sections B as the cutting points or edges are worn away or reduced by repeated sharpenings, so that the original peripheral diameter of the cutterhead may be preserved until the teeth are practically worn out, and broken or wornout teeth can readily be replaced by new ones.

I make the teeth J with forwardly-projecting lugs j at the bases of their body parts, said lugs giving the lap of one tooth on the next at the sides of the teeth, and also giving strength to the teeth; and when said teeth J are first set into the cutter-head sections B the lugs j rest on the extremities of the end parts, B, of said sections. (See Fig. 2.)

The outer or body parts of theteeth K have a peculiar form, being made with shoulders at each side, overhanging the tang I, and also with lugs k, projecting opposite ways from the tang and lengthwise of the body, which is of like thickness throughout, so as to have substantial lateral support by the body parts of the teeth at each side of it, the lap of the body part of one tooth on the body part of the next tooth being about one-half the length of the body parts of the teeth. The body parts of the teeth K are, like those of the teeth J, of the same thickness as the sections B of the cutter-head, between and by which their tangs are held, and when these teeth K are first put in place their shoulders 70 and end lugs, k, rest on the extremities of the end parts, B, of the sections B, as shown in Fig. 4. The projecting lugs k k of the tooth K afford room on the body of the tooth for the two cutting points or double cutters k If, which are set one in advance of the other, and so as to project radially from diagonally-opposite side parts of the body of the tooth. For a righthand spiral, the front cutter, 70 will be set at the right-hand side of the tooth, and the rear cutter, k will be set at the left-hand side of the tooth, as shown in Fig. 7 and at the lefthand end of Fig. 3,while for lefthand spirals the front cutter, it", will be at the left-hand part and the rear cutter, 70 at the right-hand part of the tooth, and as indicated at the right hand end of Fig. 3.

The construction of theteeth K with double cutters k k, and whether arranged for right or left hand spirals, leaves a clear space the width of the thickness of two of the cutters or the whole thickness of the body parts of the cutters between the lines of teeth, ranging longitudinally and parallel to the axis of the cutter-heador, in other words, between the forward cutter, It, of one tooth K and the rear cutter, is, of the next adjacent tooth K; hence ample clearance-room is afforded for the escape of the sawdust or chips produced by the cutters, and the teeth will not clog when at work.

The teeth J will serve without change of form for either right or left hand spirals, as

seen in Fig. 1.

Gutter-heads with their spiral web running one way, and either right or left handed for the whole length of the heads, will answer for light work; but for heavy work-such as felling large trees or cutting heavy pilesI prefer to make the cutter-heads with opposite or right and left hand spirals meeting at the center of the cutter-head,where they form or are provided with a cutter, and which construction is shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 8, the latter figure being in the nature of a diagram view in which the cutter-head appears solid, and

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without the inserted teeth or cutters in its v spiral webs.

The chief advantages of the double or reverse spiral cutters are, that the chips or cuttings are thrown to opposite sides of the center of the cutter, and the teeth thus will clear themselves more readily, and in heavy cutting the cutter-head will have no tendency to draw its supporting-frame to one side. Where the reverse spirals meet at the center of the cutter-head, and when the teeth J are employed, one of said teeth will form the central cutting-point, L, as shown in Fig. 1, and when theteeth K are used I may use as a center cutter, L, a double tooth, Z, or one of the teeth K may be employed; but the tooth I, having cutting-edges the full width of the body part of the tooth, is at present deemed preferable.

The shaft A will have end extensions, a a, by which it will be fitted in any approved way to socket-bearings, to which the driving-pulleys of the cutter-head will be connected.

I propose to make the central shaft, A, of steel or iron, and the tooth-holding sections B and the teeth J or K of solid steel, so that the cutter-head will have ample strength to meet all strains brought upon it by contact with hard knots in the timber operated upon.

The tangs of the teeth or cutters J or K may be made larger one or both ways at or toward their extremities, so as to underlock or dovetail with the recesses in the wings or ends of the cutter-head sections; but this construction would not allow the cutters to be set out farther when worn by sharpening, and as herein before explained; hence the construction with tangs I, having teeth H, adapted to interlock with all or any number of the notches G in the recesses E F, is preferred.

It is obvious that the notches G may be formed along one edge or face only of the recesses E F, and the tangs I of the teeth or cutters J or K then would have teeth Harranged to interlock with the recess, notches, or corrugations.

The right and left hand spiral webs shown in the drawings are double 4 thread spirals, which are preferred, the pitch of the spirals being about four inches for a cutter-head four inches in diameter; but single-thread spirals may be used, if desired.

Having thus described my invention, whatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A cutter head comprising a series of transversely ranging sections having end wings or parts which form a spiral web around and along the cutter-head when the sections are clamped together face to face, and said wings or end parts of the sections formed with recesses in their opposite faces coinciding with recesses in the faces of the wings or end parts of the next adjacent sections when the sections are disposed to form the spiral web, and teeth or cutters having tangs fitting the sockets formed by these coincidingface recesses of the sections, said tangs forming dowels to preserve the integrity of the spiral web when the sections are clamped together, substantially as herein set forth.

2. A cutter head comprising a series of transversely ranging sections having end wings or parts radiating from a central ring or collar, and adapted to form a spiral web around and along the cutter-head when the sections are clamped together face to face, a shaft passing through the rings, clamping devices on the shaft for binding the cutterhead sections together, and teeth or cutters on the spiral web, substantially as herein set forth.

3. A cutter head comprising a series of transversely ranging sections having end wings or parts radiating from a central ring or collar, and adapted to form a spiral web around and along the cntterhead when the sections are clamped together face to face, and said wings or end parts formed with recesses in their op posite faces coinciding with recesses in the faces of the wings or end parts of the next adjacent sections when the sections are disposed to form the spiral web, teeth or cutters having tangs fitting the sockets formed by the coinciding recesses and forming dowels to preserve the integrity of the spiral web, a shaft passing through the rings of the cutterhead sections, and clamping devices for binding the cutter-head sections together on the shaft, substantially as herein set forth.

4. A cutter-head comprising a series of transversely ranging sections having end wings or parts, which, when the sections are clamped together face to face, form oppositelyranging or right and left hand spirals meeting about at the centerofthe cutter-head, and said wings or parts of the sections formed with recesses in their opposite faces coinciding with recesses in the faces of the wings or end parts of the next adjacent sections when the sections are disposed to form the reverse spiral webs,and teeth or cutters having tangs fitting the sock ets formed by the coinciding recesses and forn1- ing dowels to preserve the integrity of the reverse spiral webs when the cuttenhead sections are clamped together, substantially as herein set forth.

5. A cutter-head comprising a series of transversely ranging sections having end wings or parts radiating from a central ring or collar, and adapted, when the sections are clamped together face to face, to form oppositely-ranging or right and left hand spirals meeting about at the center of the cutter-head, and said wings or end parts formed with recesses in their opposite faces coinciding with recesses in the faces of the wings or end parts of the next adjacent sections when the sections are disposed to form the reverse spiral webs, teeth or cutters having tangs fitting the sockets formed by the coincidingface recesses, said tangs forming dowels to preserve the integrity of the reverse spiral webs, a shaft passing through the rings of the cutter-head sections, and clamping devices for binding the sections together on the shaft, substantially as herein set forth.

6. In sectional spiral cutter-heads, the combination,with the sections B, having end wings or parts adapted to form a spiral web when the sections are clamped together face to face, and provided with coinciding-face recesses E F, substantially as specified, of teeth or out ters having tangs fitting sockets formed by said coinciding recesses, and also having body portions which overlap and mutually support each other laterally, substantially as herein set forth.

7. In sectional spiral cutter-heads, the sections B, formed with a central ring, I), opposite end wings or parts, B B, having beveled edges If I), and formed with recesses E F in their opposite faces I) I)", and said recesses having notches G, adapted to interlock with projections on the cutters, substantially as herein set forth.

8. In sectional spiral cutterheads, the combination,with the sections B,having end wings or parts, B, recessed at E F and notched at G, of the insertible cutters or teeth having tangs I, provided with teeth or projections H, adapted to the notched recesses E F G, substantially as described, whereby the cutters will be retained in place against centrifugal force and may be projected when worn, as set forth. V

9. A spiral cutter-head composed of sec lions B, formed with a central ring, I), opposite end wings or parts B 13, having beveled edges I) I), and formed with recesses E F in their opposite faces, adapted to receive tangs on the cutters, substantially as herein set forth.

10. A sectional, spiral cutter-head the teeth W. H. WVooD, CHAS. G. SCHRAMM.