US3352653A - Blast nozzle for forming silicate fibers - Google Patents

Blast nozzle for forming silicate fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3352653A
US3352653A US355641A US35564164A US3352653A US 3352653 A US3352653 A US 3352653A US 355641 A US355641 A US 355641A US 35564164 A US35564164 A US 35564164A US 3352653 A US3352653 A US 3352653A
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United States
Prior art keywords
gap
silicate
fibers
nickel
nozzle
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Expired - Lifetime
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US355641A
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English (en)
Inventor
Speth Sebastian
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Isover G+H AG
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Gruenzweig und Hartmann AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/06—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by blasting or blowing molten glass, e.g. for making staple fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to blast nozzles of the type used for making silicate fibers from molten silicates such as glass fibers from glass, or mineral wool from silicate minerals.
  • the present invention is concerned with an improvement of such blast nozzle arrangements which will reduce the risk of having the blast nozzle arrangement plugged up by silicate material passing therethrough and which will improve the quality of the produced mineral fibers.
  • Blast nozzle arrangements for the above mentioned purpose, namely for producing silicate fibers are well known and may be formed with an annular blast arrangement such as shown for instance in US. Patent 1,807,178, and German published application D.A.S. 1,067,572, or with nozzles defining an elongated gap through which the compressed blowing fluid and the silicate material pass, such as shown for instance in US. Patent 2,206,058, or German Patent D.B.P. 848,990.
  • blast nozzle arrangements comprise a channel open at both ends.
  • the channel extends in a vertical direction and at one end thereof, usually the upper end, a stream of molten silicate material as well as one or more streams of blowing gas are introduced into the channel while at the other end, usually the lower end of the channel, a stream of blowing gas having fibers of silicate material distributed therethrough leaves the blast nozzle arrangement.
  • the channel may be of circular cross section or may form a gap having an elongated rectangular slit-shape cross section.
  • blast nozzles of the type described generally are made of high grade steel and similar high grade and heat resistant materials in order to withstand the high temperature of the molten silicate and of the gaseous blowing agent, nevertheless, the useful life span of such nozzles was rather limited up to now.
  • the gap-forming portions of the nozzles were found to be worn out after a few hundred operating hours and, particularly when it was desired to operate with a relatively narrow gap which is preferable from the point of view of producing fibers of the desired quality, erosions and corrosions of the gapforming wall portions were found after relatively short operating periods.
  • the gap-forming walls are smooth since upon erosion of the same eddy formation and turbulence formed in the blowing gas interferes with the formation of the fibers and might also be responsible for the early plugging up of the gap with molten silicate material.
  • the present invention contemplates in an apparatus for making silicate fibers such as glass fibers and mineral wool from molten silicates such as glass and silicate minerals, in combination, a pair of elongated substantially coextensive nozzle means located beside each other at approximately the same elevation and defining between themselves an elongated gap, the nozzle means both directing curtains of hot fluid downwardly through the gap, and elongated trough means located over the gap and having bottom outlet means extending along and aligned with the gap so that moiten silicate in the trough means will flow through the outlet means thereof to drop through the gap into the downwardly moving curtains of hot fluid to be converted into silicate fibers, the pair of nozzle means having wall portions which are respectively directed toward each other and define at least part of the gap and which at least directly adjacent the gap are made of a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel and of nickel alloys containing a'predominant amount of nickel.
  • Alloys which consist predominantly of nickel such as alloys which contain about nickel, for instance Nichrome alloys containing about 80% nickel and 20% chromium or Eleomet alloys, i.e., nickel-chromium steel alloys with relatively high silicon content, are harder and more resistant to wear than pure nickel, however, they are more easily wetted by the molten silicate than pure nickel.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a blast nozzle arrangement
  • FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of the blast nozzle arrangement of FIG. 1 taken along lines IIII and also includes a cross sectional view of the feeding means for the molten silicate material.
  • each nozzle comprising an upper nozzle portion 1 and a lower nozzle portion 2.
  • the distance of the two nozzle portions from each other and thus the width of the nozzle 3 is controlled by screws 4.
  • Hot compressed fluid such assteam
  • Hot compressed fluid is introduced into the nozzles through conduit 5 and the steam will pass through nozzles 3 downwardly through gap 6 formed by wall portions 7 of the lower nozzle portion 2.
  • At least wall portions 7 are formed of nickel.
  • Molten silicate material 8 flows through the bottom outlet 9 of trough 10 into gap 6 and fibers will be formed thereof while the molten silicate flows downwardly through gap 6 in contact with the steam or the like emanating from the nozzles 3.
  • the temperature of adherence i.e. the minimum temperature at which the heated silicate will adhere to a metal wall is higher in the case of nickel as compared, for instance, with steel. Since only above this temperature of adherence the heated silicate will firmly adhere to the metal and on the other hand it will be possible to remove the silicate again below this temperature of ad herence, this quality of nickel is desirable for the purpose of the present invention.
  • the improvement which is found in forming gap-forming walls of the blast nozzle arrangement of nickel far exceeds any improvement which could be expected based solely on the higher temperature of adherence.
  • the width of the gap of nickel plated nozzles could be reduced by and more below the minimum width under similar operating conditions which was required in the case of nozzles formed of steel and, nevertheless, the gap did not clog up.
  • the blast nozzles according to the present invention withstand wear and tear to a much higher degree than a blast nozzle arrangement in which the gap-forming walls are formed of high grade steel.
  • the useful operating life span of blast nozzle arrangements according to the present invention is at least three times that of similar blast nozzles formed of high grade steel.
  • blast nozzle arrangements according to the present invention i.e. blast nozzle arrangements in which at least the gap-forming wall portions consist of nickel permit narrowing of the gap and prolong the useful life span of the arrangement as compared not only with high grade steel, but also with blast nozzle arrangements in which the gap-forming walls are formed of metals having an even higher minimum temperature of adherence than nickel.
  • the nozzle When reducing the width of the gap 6 to less than 6 -mm., in the case of high grade steel, the nozzle had to be replaced after a short period of time due to clogging up, orin any event, after about two hundred operating hours because of excessive wear.
  • the distance between the opposite walls 7, i.e. the width of the gap 6 could be reduced to 3 mm. and it is thereby achieved that finer and longer fibers are produced with a lesser percentageof shot and, furthermore, that the useful life span or operating life span of the nickel equipped blast nozzle arrangement was increased to more than one hundred operating hours.
  • a pair of elongated substantially coextensive nozzle means located beside each other at approximately the same elevation and defining between themselves an elongated gap, said nozzle means both directing curtains of hot fluid downwardly through said gap; and elongated trough means located over said gap and having bottom outlet means extending along and aligned with said gap so that molten silicate in said trough means will.
  • said pair of nozzle means having wall portions which are respectively directed toward each other and define at least part of said gap and which at least directly adjacent said gap consist essentially of nickel.
  • a pair of elongated substantially coextensive nozzle means located beside each other at approximately the same elevation and defining between themselves an elongated gap, said nozzle means both directing curtains of steam downwardly through said gap; and elongated trough means located over said gap and having bottom outlet means extending along and aligned with said gap so that molten silicate in said trough means will flow through said outlet means thereof to drop through said gap into the downwardly moving curtains of steam to be converted into silicate fibers, said pair of nozzle means having wall portions which are respectively directed toward each other and define at least part of said gap, said wall portions consisting essentially of nickel and having a thickness, respectively, of the magnitude of one millimeter.
  • a pair of elongated substantially coextensive nozzle means located beside each other at approximately the same elevation and defining between themselves an elongated gap, said nozzle means both directing curtains of hot fluid downwardly through said gap; and elongated trough means located over said gap and having bottom outlet means extending along and aligned with said gap so that molten silicate in said trough means will flow through said outlet means thereof to drop through said gap into the downwardly moving curtains of hot fluid to be converted into silicate fibers, said pair of nozzle means being formed of metal consisting predominantly of nickel and having wall portions which are respectively directed toward each other and define at least part of said gap.
  • a pair of elongated substantially coextensive nozzle means located beside each other at approximately the same elevation and defining between themselves an elongated gap, said nozzle means both directing curtains of hot fluid downwardly through said gap; and means for introducing molten silicate located over said gap for dropping molten silicate into the downwardly moving curtains of hot fluid to be converted into silicate fibers, said pair of nozzle means having wall portions which are respectively directed toward each other and define at least part of said gap and which at least directly adjacent said gap consist essentially of nickel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US355641A 1963-04-01 1964-03-30 Blast nozzle for forming silicate fibers Expired - Lifetime US3352653A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEG37408A DE1204368B (de) 1963-04-01 1963-04-01 Blasduese zur Herstellung von Fasern aus schmelzfluessigen Silikaten, wie Glas, Mineralien u. dgl.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3352653A true US3352653A (en) 1967-11-14

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US355641A Expired - Lifetime US3352653A (en) 1963-04-01 1964-03-30 Blast nozzle for forming silicate fibers

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US (1) US3352653A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1204368B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1051763A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6403076A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4146378A (en) * 1976-12-15 1979-03-27 Marcel Levecque Fiber formation by use of gas blast attenuation
FR2425278A1 (fr) * 1978-05-08 1979-12-07 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd Procede pour creer un courant gazeux rapide et stable
US4300876A (en) * 1979-12-12 1981-11-17 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Apparatus for fluidically attenuating filaments
US4316731A (en) * 1980-09-25 1982-02-23 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Method and apparatus for producing fibers
US4676815A (en) * 1985-04-27 1987-06-30 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for the production of fine mineral fibres
US4698086A (en) * 1985-03-15 1987-10-06 Grunzweig & Hartmann Und Glasfaser Ag Apparatus for producing mineral fibres from molten silicate by blast drawing
US4838917A (en) * 1987-02-14 1989-06-13 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for the production of very fine mineral fibers, in particular glass fibers
US4889476A (en) * 1986-01-10 1989-12-26 Accurate Products Co. Melt blowing die and air manifold frame assembly for manufacture of carbon fibers
US5173096A (en) * 1991-07-10 1992-12-22 Manville Corporation Method of forming bushing plate for forming glass filaments with forming tips having constant sidewall thickness
US5292239A (en) * 1992-06-01 1994-03-08 Fiberweb North America, Inc. Apparatus for producing nonwoven fabric
US20040086588A1 (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-05-06 Haynes Bryan David Fiber draw unit nozzles for use in polymer fiber production

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU547777B2 (en) * 1982-05-06 1985-11-07 Manville Service Corp. Burner for forming glass fibres
RU2275568C2 (ru) * 2004-01-27 2006-04-27 Закрытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственное предприятие "Машпром" (ЗАО НПП "Машпром") Конденсатор

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2190840A (en) * 1938-05-02 1940-02-20 Driver Harris Co Corrosion resistant alloys
US2774630A (en) * 1952-07-17 1956-12-18 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Blower nozzle
CA588233A (en) * 1959-12-01 The Duriron Company Nickel base alloys
FR1311256A (fr) * 1960-10-24 1962-12-07 Gruenzweig & Hartmann Procédé d'élaboration de fibres en partant de masses visqueuses et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA588233A (en) * 1959-12-01 The Duriron Company Nickel base alloys
US2190840A (en) * 1938-05-02 1940-02-20 Driver Harris Co Corrosion resistant alloys
US2774630A (en) * 1952-07-17 1956-12-18 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Blower nozzle
FR1311256A (fr) * 1960-10-24 1962-12-07 Gruenzweig & Hartmann Procédé d'élaboration de fibres en partant de masses visqueuses et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4146378A (en) * 1976-12-15 1979-03-27 Marcel Levecque Fiber formation by use of gas blast attenuation
FR2425278A1 (fr) * 1978-05-08 1979-12-07 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd Procede pour creer un courant gazeux rapide et stable
US4300876A (en) * 1979-12-12 1981-11-17 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Apparatus for fluidically attenuating filaments
US4316731A (en) * 1980-09-25 1982-02-23 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Method and apparatus for producing fibers
US4698086A (en) * 1985-03-15 1987-10-06 Grunzweig & Hartmann Und Glasfaser Ag Apparatus for producing mineral fibres from molten silicate by blast drawing
US4676815A (en) * 1985-04-27 1987-06-30 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for the production of fine mineral fibres
US4889476A (en) * 1986-01-10 1989-12-26 Accurate Products Co. Melt blowing die and air manifold frame assembly for manufacture of carbon fibers
US4838917A (en) * 1987-02-14 1989-06-13 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for the production of very fine mineral fibers, in particular glass fibers
US5173096A (en) * 1991-07-10 1992-12-22 Manville Corporation Method of forming bushing plate for forming glass filaments with forming tips having constant sidewall thickness
US5292239A (en) * 1992-06-01 1994-03-08 Fiberweb North America, Inc. Apparatus for producing nonwoven fabric
US20040086588A1 (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-05-06 Haynes Bryan David Fiber draw unit nozzles for use in polymer fiber production
US7014441B2 (en) * 2002-11-01 2006-03-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fiber draw unit nozzles for use in polymer fiber production

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1204368B (de) 1965-11-04
GB1051763A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1900-01-01
NL6403076A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1964-10-02

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