US3340487A - Armature structure for an electromagnetic device - Google Patents

Armature structure for an electromagnetic device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3340487A
US3340487A US607856A US60785667A US3340487A US 3340487 A US3340487 A US 3340487A US 607856 A US607856 A US 607856A US 60785667 A US60785667 A US 60785667A US 3340487 A US3340487 A US 3340487A
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United States
Prior art keywords
armature
core
yoke
leg
magnetic
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Expired - Lifetime
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US607856A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gruner Wolfgang
Sauer Hans
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of US3340487A publication Critical patent/US3340487A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electromagnetic apparatus such as, for example, electromagnetic relays. More paricularly, the invention relates to a novel, highly efficient electromagnetic circuit structure including a movable armature, and in which the attractive force exerted on the armature varies as a function of the operating path thereof.
  • An electromagnetic device must include at least an energizing winding, a ferromagnetic circuit, and one or more air gaps.
  • the ferromagnetic circuit usually comprises a core, a yoke and a movably mounted armature.
  • electromagnetic devices such as relays, and in the known forms the magnetic cir cuit may include either a single air gap or two effective air gaps. Arrangements including two effective air gaps have the advantage, over arrangements having a single air gap, that once the magnetic flux is produced, it has an almost double effect with a small path of movement of the armature.
  • hinged armature electromagnetic devices which include a two-part armature.
  • the other part of the armature which serves to operate electrical contacts, spring arrangements, etc., comprises diamagnetic material such as, for example, brass.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic structure which is at least as effective as one including a two-part armature but which avoids the expense inherent upon the two-part armature type of structure.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an electromagnetic structure having an armature including an operating arm, and utilizing the magnetic flux between the yoke and the operating arm in the direction of attraction of the armature.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an electromagnetic structure including an armature having an operating arm, and utilizing the magnetic flux between the yoke and the operating arm in the direction of attraction, but in which the attraction characteristic between the operating arm and the yoke differs, for purposes of compensation, from the attraction across the air gap between the armature per se and the core.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide an electromagnetic structure including a core and an armature having an operating arm, and characterized by compactness by positioning the operating arm inside a yoke whereby the yoke may be provided with a leg which can be used as a mounting means.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation view of one form of electromagnetic structure embodying the invention
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are vertical sectional views, taken on the line II of FIG. 1, illustrating two different arrangements of the parts of the structure shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the variation in magnetic attractive force, with variations in effective spacing or effective air gap, operating on an armature
  • FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view, taken on the line V of FIG. 7, of an electromagnetic relay embodying the invention
  • FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view, taken on the line IV of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a top plan view of the relay shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, looking in the direction of the arrow W of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 8 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line VIII of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional View, taken on the line IX of FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 10 is a partial elevational view, taken in the direction of the arrow Z of FIG. 5.
  • this structure includes a paramagnetic, which means the same as ferromagnetic in this application, material armature 1 having operating legs 2 and 3 extending substantially at right angles thereto, the armature 1 bridging the legs 5 and 6 of a generally U-shape paramagnetic material yoke on which is supported a paramagnetic material core 4 operatively associated with the armature 1 and provided with an energizing winding 13. Armature 1 is oscillatably supported upon the yoke legs 5 and 6 in a manner described more fully hereinafter.
  • the magnetic yoke has a third or central leg 7 which lies in a plane perpendicular to the planes of the yoke legs 5 and 6.
  • Leg 7, which is preferably used to mount the components associated with the electromagnetic structure, has two laterally extending shoulders 10 and 11. Adjacent these shoulders there are lugs 8 and 9 on the ends of the armature arms 2 and 3, respectively.
  • the space between shoulders 10, 11 and armature lugs 8, 9 provides a relatively large operating path with an additional air gap which thus is arranged, by preference, far from the fulcrum of armature 1 in order to obtain the highest torque possible.
  • the relation of the force P to the travel S resulting from this air gap is illustrated graphically by the curve 0 in FIG. 4. From FIG.
  • curve 0 is similar to that of a so-called immersion magnet system, and the greatest attractive force P is effective shortly before the immersion.
  • This position corresponds approximately to the position of the armature lug 8 as illustrated in FIG. 2. It can readily be noted that the position of armature lug 8 is, to a large extent, independent of the air gap 1.
  • An important feature of the present invention is that the force-travel characteristic of a hinged or oscilla-table armature system cooperates, in the electromagnetic structure, with the force-travel characteristic of an immersion magnetic system.
  • the steep force-travel characteristic resulting from the attraction between armature 1 and core 4 is increased by an additional attractive force P which has its maximum value when the armature is open.
  • Curve b of FIG. 4 is the force-travel characteristic of the combined system, just mentioned, and may be compared with curve a which represents the force-travel characteristic without the additional attraction component due to the attraction force P. It will be noted that the attractive force represented by curve b is in opposition to the attractive force represented by curve a only if, as shown in FIG. 3, armature lug 8 is in the position 8 shown in broken lines, and thus there is exerted on armature 1 a counter-torque compared to the attractive forces. Such a position 8' of armature lug 8 is particularly desirable when the magnetic system is to be used in relay having extreme drop-in conditions, or if it is required that the attraction of the armature be damped in the end phase.
  • FIGS. -10 illustrate the magnetic structure of FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 as incorporated in an electromagnetic relay.
  • the relay shown in FIGS. 5-10, the magnetic structure is inverted as compared to its illustration in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.
  • the relay is shown in the energized position with armature 1 closed and with closed or transferred contacts 26, 27.
  • FIGS. 9 and the armature is illustrated in the open position.
  • the illustrated relay includes a base 24 which preferably is made of dielectric material and has an upwardly extending arm 25. Arm 25 extends between the electrical contact assembly 28 and the leg 7 of the magnetic yoke, this leg 7 having a threaded aperture (FIG. 1) to receive the threaded end of a mounting screw 29 which extends through contact assembly 28 and arm .25.
  • Contacts 27 are provided with operating fingers or the like 31, of dielectric material, which engage armature arms 8 and 9 for the purpose of operating contacts 26 and 27, which latter are normally open.
  • the relay further includes the magnetic core 4, the bobbin or spool 32 on which is wound the relay winding 13, and the terminals 33 and 34 for the relay Winding, all of which are mounted and connected in a conventional manner.
  • the inside of the bend of armature 1 is formed with a pair of triangular cross section fillets which engage the heads of yokes 5 and 6, respectively, and thus maintain armature I1 against lateral displacement relative to the magnetic yokes.
  • a spring 18 is secured on yoke leg 7 by means of a screw or stud 30, and has arms 16 and 17 extending downwardly adjacent either edge thereof, as best seen in FIGS. 5, 6, 9 and 1 0. These springs engage the outer surface of the bend in armature 1 and thus bias armature 1 into pivoting engagement with bearing edges 19 and 20 on the heads of yoke parts or legs 5 and 6.
  • Spring 18 has a third arm 21, which is adjustable and which extends upwardly therefrom as viewed in FIG. 6, and this determines the travel S of armature arms 8 and 9.
  • This spring as best seen in FIGS. 6 and 8, has an end offset inwardly and then bent over to extend behind legs 8 and 9.
  • Another spring 22 is secured with the mounting screw 23 of base 24, and acts on armature 1 at a distance a from bearing edges 19 and 20 in order to reset the armature into the rest position when the relay is deenergized.
  • An electromagnetic structure comprising, in combination, a paramagnetic material yoke; a paramagnetic material core in magnetic circuit with said yoke; said yoke having leg means extending from one pole of said core in spaced parallel relation to said core and terminating in the plane of the opposite pole of said core in laterally spaced relation with said pole; and a paramagnetic material armature oscillatably supported at said leg means and forming, with said opposite pole of said core and 'with said leg means, first and second air gaps; said armature having an arm extending substantially parallel to said core and having a free end forming, with said leg means, an air gap augmenting the magnetic attraction effect on said armature.
  • said yoke includes another leg extending from said one pole of said core in substantially parallel spaced relation to said core and laterally spaced from said leg means; said armature arm forming, with said other leg of said yoke, an air gap augmenting the magnetic attraction effect on said armature.
  • said leg means comprises a pair of laterally spaced legs terminating at free ends substantially in the plane of the opposite pole of said core; said armature being oscillatably supported at said free ends of said legs and forming, with said opposite pole of said core and with said free leg ends, first and second air gaps; the free end of said armature arm forming, with said legs, an air gap augmenting the magnetic attraction effective on said armature.
  • said leg means comprises a pair of laterally spaced legs terminating at free ends substantially in the plane of the opposite pole of said core; said paramagnetic material armature being oscillatably supported at said free ends of said legs; said other leg constituting a third leg of said yoke.
  • said armature has a pair of laterally spaced arms extending substantially parallel to said core in laterally spaced relation to opposite side edges of said other leg, and forming, with said other leg, air gaps augmenting the magnetic attraction effect on said aperture.
  • An electromagnetic structure as claimed in claim 11, including a Winding on said core; said armature arms being disposed between the plane of the outer surface of said third yoke leg and said winding.
  • An electromagnetic structure as claimed in claim 14, including contact mechanism disposed outwardly of the plane of the outer surface of said third leg; and contact mechanism operating means engaged with the outer surfaces of said armature arms.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
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US607856A 1964-04-25 1967-01-06 Armature structure for an electromagnetic device Expired - Lifetime US3340487A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1964G0040455 DE1291832C2 (de) 1964-04-25 1964-04-25 Elektromagnetisches relais

Publications (1)

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US3340487A true US3340487A (en) 1967-09-05

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US607856A Expired - Lifetime US3340487A (en) 1964-04-25 1967-01-06 Armature structure for an electromagnetic device

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US (1) US3340487A (enrdf_load_html_response)
JP (1) JPS5135710B1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE1291832C2 (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1107571A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3418609A (en) * 1967-02-28 1968-12-24 United Carr Inc Square obturator
US3437962A (en) * 1967-06-12 1969-04-08 American Mach & Foundry Clapper type relay with improved armature
US3958198A (en) * 1973-11-19 1976-05-18 International Standard Electric Corporation Magneto system including a tiltable u-shaped armature
US3968470A (en) * 1975-03-13 1976-07-06 Esterline Electronics Corporation Magnetic motor
US3997859A (en) * 1974-07-25 1976-12-14 Nartron Corporation Intermittent load energizer assembly
JPS51147748A (en) * 1975-06-13 1976-12-18 Takamisawa Electric Co Electromagnetic relay
US4586013A (en) * 1984-10-01 1986-04-29 Kelsey-Hayes Company Proportional solenoid

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3415761A1 (de) * 1984-04-27 1985-10-31 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Elektromagnetisches relais

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2292496A (en) * 1939-05-19 1942-08-11 Telefunken Gmbh Transmission line circuit

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE952835C (de) * 1952-07-04 1956-11-22 Siemens & Halske Ges M B H Stufenrelais mit zwei oder mehreren Spulen
NL183132B (nl) * 1954-01-25 Greiner Kg Stapelbare sluithuls, alsmede combinatie van een magazijn gevuld met dergelijke sluithulzen.

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2292496A (en) * 1939-05-19 1942-08-11 Telefunken Gmbh Transmission line circuit

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3418609A (en) * 1967-02-28 1968-12-24 United Carr Inc Square obturator
US3437962A (en) * 1967-06-12 1969-04-08 American Mach & Foundry Clapper type relay with improved armature
US3958198A (en) * 1973-11-19 1976-05-18 International Standard Electric Corporation Magneto system including a tiltable u-shaped armature
US3997859A (en) * 1974-07-25 1976-12-14 Nartron Corporation Intermittent load energizer assembly
US3968470A (en) * 1975-03-13 1976-07-06 Esterline Electronics Corporation Magnetic motor
JPS51147748A (en) * 1975-06-13 1976-12-18 Takamisawa Electric Co Electromagnetic relay
US4586013A (en) * 1984-10-01 1986-04-29 Kelsey-Hayes Company Proportional solenoid

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Publication number Publication date
GB1107571A (en) 1968-03-27
DE1291832C2 (de) 1975-10-09
JPS5135710B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1976-10-04
DE1291832B (enrdf_load_html_response) 1975-10-09

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