US3327952A - Method for the preparation of fibrous materials for the production of paper and cardboard - Google Patents
Method for the preparation of fibrous materials for the production of paper and cardboard Download PDFInfo
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- US3327952A US3327952A US468506A US46850665A US3327952A US 3327952 A US3327952 A US 3327952A US 468506 A US468506 A US 468506A US 46850665 A US46850665 A US 46850665A US 3327952 A US3327952 A US 3327952A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010061592 cardiac fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002600 fibrillogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
- D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
- D21D1/004—Methods of beating or refining including disperging or deflaking
- D21D1/006—Disc mills
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
- D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
- D21D1/20—Methods of refining
- D21D1/34—Other mills or refiners
- D21D1/38—Other mills or refiners with horizontal shaft
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method for the preparation of fibrous materials for the production of paper and cardboard by refining.
- the refining process can be carried out in an apparatus known as a detlaker or in a disc refiner or cone-shaped refiner, etc.
- Such methods of refining are known and their object is primarily to loosen up the fibril structure of the native cellulose fibers, thereby providing a larger specific surface for the accumulation of water so that the sheet-strength of the paper can be formed, after the formation of the wet fiber network.
- a known method of this type uses a fibrous pulp-water suspension with a solids content of between 1 and 7%. This suspension is passed once or several times through a cone refiner, a disc refiner, a roll refiner or a Hollander. The fiber particles are torn apart on their way through the refiner, resulting partly in a loosening of the fibril structure, but also in a shortening of the individual fibers. Under certain circumstances, such a shortening of the individual fibers may be desirable, but in general, however, it is a harmful side reaction which should be eliminated in view of the resulting different physical properties of the formed and dewatered paper sheet, particularly the so-called tearing strength.
- the pulp suspension is de- Watered to such an extent that it has solids content of more than 15 preferably 2030%.
- the high consistency material thus obtained is conducted by means of a screw conveyer through an apparatus known as a defiaker and is subjected to intensive refining. It was found that the fiber is not significantly shortened by this treatment, and that the fibril structure and the fiber surface are merely loosened and opened, which leads to an increased amount of water being imbibed on the polysaccharide molecules of the fiber.
- a deflaker is to be understood to mean an apparatus which has a disc with teeth arranged concentrically thereon, which rotates relative to a second disc on which the teeth are likewise arranged concentrically.
- the arrangement is such that the teeth of the first-mentioned disc protrude into the gaps of the teeth of the last-mentioned disc.
- the pulp to be processed flows from a cen tral opening and moves alternately through the tooth gaps of the teeth of the two discs in the direction from inside to outside.
- the method for the preparation of fibrous materials for the production of paper and cardboard comprises the passing of wet pulp with a solids content of more than 15%, preferably 20 to 30%, once or several times through a refiner, for example, a deflaker, a disc refiner, etc.
- the method according to this invention is characterized in that the mutual distance of the working or refining elements of the refiner is substantially equal to half the mean fiber length and that the circumferential speed of the rotating working elements is 40 to 120 m./sec., preferably 50 to 90 m./sec.
- a thickened fiber pulp can be successfully processed through a deflaker, a cone, a refiner, a disc refiner or through several other known refiners. Tests have shown that the fiber is not shortened or is shortened only to a very minor extent, and that practically the entire refining work is used for fibrillation and thus for increasing the water-accumulating surface of the fibers.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a deflaker.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section through a cone refiner.
- FIG. 3 is a cross section along line A-A of the cone refiner represented in FIG. 2.
- FIGS. 4-9 are a series of graphs in which tearing strength and elongation are plotted against refining work expended.
- gear teeth 3 and 3 are arranged in and rigidly connected to a stationary housing 1.
- a rotatable mounted plate or disc 4 which likewise carries concentrically arranged teeth 5 and 5, is also located in the housing 1.
- the teeth 5 and 5' are so arranged that they protrude into the tooth gaps between the teeth 3 and 3'.
- Disc 4 is rotated by means of a shaft 6.
- a feeding device 7 With a hopper 8 through which the material to be refine-d is charged.
- the material is carried by a screw conveyer 9 into the refiner and moves in the direction of the arrows 10 and 10' into the region of the rotating refining elements, in the present case, the rotary teeth 5 and 5.
- a pump-impeller vane 14 is attached to the end of the drive shaft '6, and the vane 14 accelerates the material radially, thereby forcing it to the refining elements.
- Devices of this kind are known. According to the present invention, they are used for refining cellulose or paper pulp-water suspensions with a solids content of more than 15% in such a way that the clearance 13 of the working or refining elements 3, 3 and 5, 5' is about equal to half the mean fiber length, and the circumferential speed with which the rotary Working elements 5 and 5' rotate is about 40 to m./sec., preferably 50 to 90 m./sec.
- Mean fiber length is understood to the arithmetic average of the individual fiber lengths. If we had a fiber substance with a uniform fiber length of 3 mm., half the mean fiber length would be 1.5 mm. In a fiber mixture of 50% fibers of 3 mm. and 50% fibers of 2 mm. length, the mean fiber length is 2.5 mm. and, consequently, half the mean fiber length is 1.25 mm.
- the circumferential speed of the rotary working elements is so regulated that the outer elements do not exceed the maximum circumferential speed nor the inner elements the minimum circumferential speed.
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a so-called cone refiner.
- a hollow cone 21 which carries on its inner side 22 (see FIG. 3) knives 23 which extend over the entire length of the hollow cone.
- a rotary cone 24 which is equipped on its outer side 25 with knives 26 which extend likewise over the entire length of the cone 24.
- the inner cone 24 is connected with a drive shaft 27 which rotates the cone 24.
- the circumferential speed of the rotary working elements should be 40 to 120 m./sec., preferably 50 to 90 m./sec.
- a charging device 2-9 with a hopper 30 and screw conveyer 31 is attached to the housing 20.
- the pulp is moved by the screw conveyer 31 in the direction of the arrows 32.
- the grooves are closed to a large extent by plates 33 and 33'.
- the graphs of FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 represent the variations of the above mentioned properties for unbleached pine sulfite cellulose.
- the graphs of FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 were measured on unbleached fir sulfite cellulose and the graphs of FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 were measured on bleached beech sulfite cellulose.
- the further improvement characterized in that a total refining work between 4 to 40 kilowatt-hours is expended per kg. of air dried fibers.
- the further improvement characterized in that a total refining work between 10 to 30 kilowatt-hours is expended per 100 kg. of air dried fibers.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Description
327 952 METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR June 27. 1967 K. w. ROSENF'ELD THE PRODUCTION OF PAPER AND CARDBOARD 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 50, 1965 INVENTOR Klaus W. Rosenfe/d June K W. ROSENFELD METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PAPER AND CARDBOARD Filed June 30, 1965 TEAM/VG H I STRENGTH KM? /00k I g l 0 20 40 60 I TEAR/NG Fig. 6
sms/vam 300- kWh/lOO/rg 0 20 4'0 6'0 mam/v0 STRENGTH m0- cmg KWh /00k I 1 g 0 20 40 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig. 5
PERCENT I 5 kWh/00kg PERCENT ELO/VGAT/O/V 9 kWh /00/r 2.5 g 0 20 40 60 INVENTOR Klaus W. Rosenfe/d BYYWM M United States Patent 3,327,952 METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PAPER AND CARDBOARD Klaus W. Rosenfeld, Laakirchen, Upper Austria, Austria, assignor to West Virginia Pulp and Paper Company, New York, N.Y., a corporation of Delaware Filed June 30, 1965, Ser. No. 468,506 Claims priority, application Germany, Aug. 1, 1964, E 27,534) 6 Claims. (Cl. 241-15) This invention relates to a method for the preparation of fibrous materials for the production of paper and cardboard by refining. The refining process can be carried out in an apparatus known as a detlaker or in a disc refiner or cone-shaped refiner, etc. Such methods of refining are known and their object is primarily to loosen up the fibril structure of the native cellulose fibers, thereby providing a larger specific surface for the accumulation of water so that the sheet-strength of the paper can be formed, after the formation of the wet fiber network.
A known method of this type uses a fibrous pulp-water suspension with a solids content of between 1 and 7%. This suspension is passed once or several times through a cone refiner, a disc refiner, a roll refiner or a Hollander. The fiber particles are torn apart on their way through the refiner, resulting partly in a loosening of the fibril structure, but also in a shortening of the individual fibers. Under certain circumstances, such a shortening of the individual fibers may be desirable, but in general, however, it is a harmful side reaction which should be eliminated in view of the resulting different physical properties of the formed and dewatered paper sheet, particularly the so-called tearing strength.
In another known method, the pulp suspension is de- Watered to such an extent that it has solids content of more than 15 preferably 2030%. The high consistency material thus obtained is conducted by means of a screw conveyer through an apparatus known as a defiaker and is subjected to intensive refining. It was found that the fiber is not significantly shortened by this treatment, and that the fibril structure and the fiber surface are merely loosened and opened, which leads to an increased amount of water being imbibed on the polysaccharide molecules of the fiber.
A deflaker is to be understood to mean an apparatus which has a disc with teeth arranged concentrically thereon, which rotates relative to a second disc on which the teeth are likewise arranged concentrically. The arrangement is such that the teeth of the first-mentioned disc protrude into the gaps of the teeth of the last-mentioned disc. The pulp to be processed flows from a cen tral opening and moves alternately through the tooth gaps of the teeth of the two discs in the direction from inside to outside.
It has now been found that in order to obtain an optimum swelling state of the fiber without shortening it, the type of refiner used is not as important as is the distance between the working elements of the refiner and their circumferential speed. According to the present invention, the method for the preparation of fibrous materials for the production of paper and cardboard comprises the passing of wet pulp with a solids content of more than 15%, preferably 20 to 30%, once or several times through a refiner, for example, a deflaker, a disc refiner, etc. The method according to this invention is characterized in that the mutual distance of the working or refining elements of the refiner is substantially equal to half the mean fiber length and that the circumferential speed of the rotating working elements is 40 to 120 m./sec., preferably 50 to 90 m./sec.
It has been found that with high consistency refining, only minor hydraulic energy losses occur, Whereas with low consistency refining, the circumferential speed of the working elements is limited due to uneconomically high hydraulic energy losses. A high circumferential speed, however, is an essential prerequisite for the desired refining effects to fibers according to this invention.
If the above conditions are met, a thickened fiber pulp can be successfully processed through a deflaker, a cone, a refiner, a disc refiner or through several other known refiners. Tests have shown that the fiber is not shortened or is shortened only to a very minor extent, and that practically the entire refining work is used for fibrillation and thus for increasing the water-accumulating surface of the fibers.
It has also been found that it is not advisable, in carrying out the method according to this invention, to increase at random the refining work expended per kg. air dry material. There is no further significant improvement of the physical properties of the treated fibers if the total work expended per 100 kg. air dry fibrous substance exceeds 40 kwh. (kilowatt-hours). As a further development of this invention, the total work expended per 100 kg. fibrous substance (air dry) is therefore limited to 4 to 40 kwh., preferably 10 to 30 kwh.
For a better understanding of the method according to this invention, reference is made to the attached drawing, which shows by way of example two devices that are suitable for carrying out the method according to this invention.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a deflaker.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section through a cone refiner.
FIG. 3 is a cross section along line A-A of the cone refiner represented in FIG. 2.
FIGS. 4-9 are a series of graphs in which tearing strength and elongation are plotted against refining work expended.
With reference to FIG. 1, several concentrically arranged gear teeth 3 and 3 are arranged in and rigidly connected to a stationary housing 1. A rotatable mounted plate or disc 4 which likewise carries concentrically arranged teeth 5 and 5, is also located in the housing 1. The teeth 5 and 5' are so arranged that they protrude into the tooth gaps between the teeth 3 and 3'. Disc 4 is rotated by means of a shaft 6.
Centrically attached to the housing 1 is a feeding device 7 With a hopper 8 through which the material to be refine-d is charged. The material is carried by a screw conveyer 9 into the refiner and moves in the direction of the arrows 10 and 10' into the region of the rotating refining elements, in the present case, the rotary teeth 5 and 5. In order to prevent accumulations at the end of the screw conveyer of the material to be refined, a pump-impeller vane 14 is attached to the end of the drive shaft '6, and the vane 14 accelerates the material radially, thereby forcing it to the refining elements. Due to the unrefined material being delivered by the screw conveyer *9 and to the centrifugal force created by the impeller vane 14, the refined material accumulates in the annular chamber 11, after passing through the refining elements, aud is finally discharged through the duct 12.
Devices of this kind are known. According to the present invention, they are used for refining cellulose or paper pulp-water suspensions with a solids content of more than 15% in such a way that the clearance 13 of the working or refining elements 3, 3 and 5, 5' is about equal to half the mean fiber length, and the circumferential speed with which the rotary Working elements 5 and 5' rotate is about 40 to m./sec., preferably 50 to 90 m./sec.
Mean fiber length is understood to the arithmetic average of the individual fiber lengths. If we had a fiber substance with a uniform fiber length of 3 mm., half the mean fiber length would be 1.5 mm. In a fiber mixture of 50% fibers of 3 mm. and 50% fibers of 2 mm. length, the mean fiber length is 2.5 mm. and, consequently, half the mean fiber length is 1.25 mm.
According to the present invention, the circumferential speed of the rotary working elements is so regulated that the outer elements do not exceed the maximum circumferential speed nor the inner elements the minimum circumferential speed.
FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a so-called cone refiner. In a stationary housing 20 is arranged a hollow cone 21 which carries on its inner side 22 (see FIG. 3) knives 23 which extend over the entire length of the hollow cone.
Inside the device is a rotary cone 24 which is equipped on its outer side 25 with knives 26 which extend likewise over the entire length of the cone 24. The inner cone 24 is connected with a drive shaft 27 which rotates the cone 24. By displacing the drive shaft 27 and thus the cone 24 in the direction of the arrow 28, it is possible to adjust the clearance of the working or refining elements 23 and 26. According to this invention, this distance is so regulated that it corresponds to half the mean fiber length of the cellulose or paper pulp to re refined. In the cone refiner, too, the circumferential speed of the rotary working elements should be 40 to 120 m./sec., preferably 50 to 90 m./sec. In order to introduce the fiber pulp, which has a high consistency due to its high solids content of over 15%, preferably 20 to 30%, into the device, a charging device 2-9 with a hopper 30 and screw conveyer 31 is attached to the housing 20. The
pulp is moved by the screw conveyer 31 in the direction of the arrows 32. In order to prevent the mass from settling in the grooves between the knives or from moving there without getting between the refining elements, the grooves are closed to a large extent by plates 33 and 33'.
In a further development of the method according to the present invention, a total work of 4 to 40 kw-h., preferably to 30 kwh., per 100 kg. fibrous substance (air dry) is expended. It was found that a substantial improvement of the physical properties of the refined material is only possible in this range, and that a further increase of the expended refining work has no further technical effect. In order to demonstrate this, reference is made to FIGS. 4-9 where six graphs are shown in which, as an example of the physical properties, tearing strength and elongation are plotted versus the pure refining work expended. Both terms are measured by standard methods, tearing strength according to DIN 53,115 and elongation according to DIN 53,112.
The graphs of FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 represent the variations of the above mentioned properties for unbleached pine sulfite cellulose. The graphs of FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 were measured on unbleached fir sulfite cellulose and the graphs of FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 were measured on bleached beech sulfite cellulose.
It can be seen that the improvement of the physical properties is greatest when the expended refining work is below 30 kwh., and in some cases even below -20 kwh. Above 40 kwh., there is no substantial improvement, and any improvement to be expected is not in an economically justifiable proportion to the addition-a1 work expended.
Thorough tests have shown that these conditions also apply to other than the above mentioned celluloses, and
that they can also be observed in the development of other physical properties, for example tearing length and bursting strength.
I claim:
1. In the method for the preparation of fibrous materials for the production of paper and cardboard which involves introducing a high consistency suspension of fibers into a refiner and passing the fibrous suspension between opposing fiber refining elements of the refiner, the improvement which comprises setting the clearance between the fiber refining elements at a distance substantially equal to half the mean fiber length of the fibers in the suspension.
2. In the method for the preparation of fibrous materials for the production of paper and cardboard which involves introducing a suspension of fibers with a solids content of more than 15% into a refiner and passing the fibrous suspension between opposing and cooperating fiber refining elements of the refiner, the improvement which comprises setting the clearance between the fiber refining elements at a distance substantially equal to half the mean fiber length of the fibers in the suspension.
3. In the method for the preparation of fibrous materials for the production of paper and cardboard which involves refining a suspension of fibers with a solids content between 15 to 30% by introducing the fibrous suspension into a refiner and passing the fibrous suspension between a first set of rotating fiber refining elements and a second set of fiber refining elements which oppose and cooperate with said first set of fiber refining elements to fibrillate the fibers in suspension, the improvement which comprises setting the clearance between said first set and said second set of fiber refining elements at a distance substantially equal to half the mean fiber length of the fibers in the suspension, and maintaining said first set of fiber refining elements at a circumferential speed between 40 to 120 m./sec.
4. In the method for the preparation of fibrous materials for the production of paper and cardboard which involves refining a suspension of fibers with a solids content between 20 to 30% by introducing the fibrous suspension into a refiner and passing the fibrous suspension between stationary and rotary fiber refining elements to fibrillate the fibers in suspension, the improvement which comp-rises setting the clearance between the stationary and rotary fiber refining elements at a distance substantially equal to half the mean fiber length of the fibers in the suspension, and maintaining the rotary fiber refining elements at a circumferential speed between 50 to m./sec.
'5. In the method according to claim 3, the further improvement characterized in that a total refining work between 4 to 40 kilowatt-hours is expended per kg. of air dried fibers.
6. In the method according to claim 3, the further improvement characterized in that a total refining work between 10 to 30 kilowatt-hours is expended per 100 kg. of air dried fibers.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,970,330 8/1934 Mason 241-21 2,024,424 12/1935 Bryson 241-28 2,035,994 3/1936 Sutherland 24121 3,148,839 9/1964 Danforth 24121 WILLIAM W. =DYER, JR., Primary Examiner.
G. A. DOST, Assistant Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. IN THE METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PAPER AND CARDBOARD WHICH INVOLVES INTRODUCING A HIGH CONSISTENCY SUSPENSION OF FIBERS INTO A REFINER AND PASSING THE FIBROUS SUSPENSION BETWEEN OPPOSING FIBER REFINING ELEMENTS OF THE REFINER, THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES SETTING THE CLEARANCE BETWEEN THE FIBER REFINING ELEMENTS AT A DISTANCE SUBSTANTIALLY EQUAL TO HALF THE MEAN FIBER LENGTH OF THE FIBERS IN THE SUSPENSION.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DEE0027530 | 1964-08-01 |
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US3327952A true US3327952A (en) | 1967-06-27 |
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US468506A Expired - Lifetime US3327952A (en) | 1964-08-01 | 1965-06-30 | Method for the preparation of fibrous materials for the production of paper and cardboard |
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Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3372879A (en) * | 1966-08-18 | 1968-03-12 | Cons Paper Bahamas Ltd | Process for making a mechanical pulp from wood chips |
US3438351A (en) * | 1966-09-02 | 1969-04-15 | Morden Machines Co | Means for simultaneously indicating the spacing between two opposed attritioning elements and their condition of wear |
US4269365A (en) * | 1978-08-07 | 1981-05-26 | Berggren Torsten L | Beater mill |
FR2469952A1 (en) * | 1979-11-27 | 1981-05-29 | Kamyr Ab | MIXING APPARATUS FOR MIXING CHEMICALS WITH A SUSPENSION |
WO1982002219A1 (en) * | 1980-12-23 | 1982-07-08 | Ranhagen Gustaf | Method and grinder for the manufacture of pulp |
US4986480A (en) * | 1989-06-29 | 1991-01-22 | Kamyr Ab | Method and apparatus for feeding a conical refiner |
WO2010079263A3 (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2010-08-26 | Upm-Kymmene Corporation | A refiner and a method for refining pulp |
EP2243879A2 (en) | 2009-04-23 | 2010-10-27 | Andritz, Inc. | Deflaker plate and methods relating thereto |
CN102264980A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2011-11-30 | 安德里特斯公开股份有限公司 | Device for comminuting cellulose-containing feedstock |
WO2011151239A3 (en) * | 2010-06-01 | 2012-01-26 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Machine for producing a paper web, in particular a sack paper web |
US20210262166A1 (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2021-08-26 | International Paper Company | Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers |
US11905658B2 (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2024-02-20 | International Paper Company | Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers |
US11982054B2 (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2024-05-14 | International Paper Company | Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1970330A (en) * | 1932-06-17 | 1934-08-14 | Masonite Corp | Screening and refining of fiber |
US2024424A (en) * | 1932-09-15 | 1935-12-17 | Tandy A Bryson | Machine for processing material and method of controlling the operation thereof |
US2035994A (en) * | 1934-10-03 | 1936-03-31 | Jr Daniel Manson Sutherland | Fiber refining and refiner |
US3148839A (en) * | 1960-08-29 | 1964-09-15 | Bolton John W & Sons Inc | Method of processing paper stock |
-
1965
- 1965-06-30 US US468506A patent/US3327952A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1970330A (en) * | 1932-06-17 | 1934-08-14 | Masonite Corp | Screening and refining of fiber |
US2024424A (en) * | 1932-09-15 | 1935-12-17 | Tandy A Bryson | Machine for processing material and method of controlling the operation thereof |
US2035994A (en) * | 1934-10-03 | 1936-03-31 | Jr Daniel Manson Sutherland | Fiber refining and refiner |
US3148839A (en) * | 1960-08-29 | 1964-09-15 | Bolton John W & Sons Inc | Method of processing paper stock |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3372879A (en) * | 1966-08-18 | 1968-03-12 | Cons Paper Bahamas Ltd | Process for making a mechanical pulp from wood chips |
US3438351A (en) * | 1966-09-02 | 1969-04-15 | Morden Machines Co | Means for simultaneously indicating the spacing between two opposed attritioning elements and their condition of wear |
US4269365A (en) * | 1978-08-07 | 1981-05-26 | Berggren Torsten L | Beater mill |
FR2469952A1 (en) * | 1979-11-27 | 1981-05-29 | Kamyr Ab | MIXING APPARATUS FOR MIXING CHEMICALS WITH A SUSPENSION |
US4339206A (en) * | 1979-11-27 | 1982-07-13 | Kamyr Ab | Mixing apparatus for mixing a fluid fiber suspension with a treatment fluid suspension |
WO1982002219A1 (en) * | 1980-12-23 | 1982-07-08 | Ranhagen Gustaf | Method and grinder for the manufacture of pulp |
US4986480A (en) * | 1989-06-29 | 1991-01-22 | Kamyr Ab | Method and apparatus for feeding a conical refiner |
CN102264980A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2011-11-30 | 安德里特斯公开股份有限公司 | Device for comminuting cellulose-containing feedstock |
WO2010079263A3 (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2010-08-26 | Upm-Kymmene Corporation | A refiner and a method for refining pulp |
EP2243879A2 (en) | 2009-04-23 | 2010-10-27 | Andritz, Inc. | Deflaker plate and methods relating thereto |
CN101871175A (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2010-10-27 | 安德里兹有限公司 | Deflaker plate and relative method |
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