US3322374A - Magnetohydrodynamic propulsion apparatus - Google Patents

Magnetohydrodynamic propulsion apparatus Download PDF

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US3322374A
US3322374A US400456A US40045664A US3322374A US 3322374 A US3322374 A US 3322374A US 400456 A US400456 A US 400456A US 40045664 A US40045664 A US 40045664A US 3322374 A US3322374 A US 3322374A
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craft
magnetic field
travel
surrounding
driving
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Jr James F King
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00—Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/30—Aircraft characterised by electric power plants
    • B64D27/34—All-electric aircraft
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to craft propelled by magnetohydrodynamic elfects and methods of propulsion and control thereof, and more particularly to heavier-than-air craft which are propelled by interaction of magnetic fields upon electrically conductive fluids such as plasma, surrounding the craft.
  • the technological field of magnetohydrodynamics is concerned with the study of dynamic effects of magnetic fields upon electrically conducting fluids, a prime example of which is plasma.
  • plasma has been variously defined as a space charge neutralized ion cloud containing substantially equal numbers of positive ions and negative electrons, or any mixture of particles, some of which are charged, Whose spatial dimension exceeds the Debye length and where the percentage of the mixture that is ionized contains an approximately equal number of positive and negative particles so that the overall aggregate is electrically neutral.
  • the term plasma is intended to described a gas or electrolyte which in addition to meeting the criteria just given is in such a state of ionization that it becomes conductive enough to be affected by magnetic fields. That is to say, such an electrically conductive fluid medium containing charged particles is sufficiently conductive so that electric currents in the nature of eddy currents may be induced in the fluid medium by magnetic fields by the phenomena known as mutual induction.
  • An. object of the present invention is the provision of a novel method and apparatus for propulsion of craft which relies upon interaction of magnetic fields produced by electrical currents in conductors on the craft with a surrounding electrically conductive environment or medium to produce reaction thrust.
  • Another object of the present invention is the provision of a novel propulsion method and apparatus for heavier-than-air craft surrounded by a plasma or ionized field produced by the craft.
  • Another object of the present invention is the provision of a hcavier-than-air craft having self-contained means for generating an ionized or plasma field in air surrounding the craft and means for generating a polyphase excited moving magnetic field of such character that currents are induced in the surrounding ionized or plasma field which constitutes a mobile fluid conductor and the conductor medium is propelled by the moving magnetic fields to produce reactive thrust for propelling the craft.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is the provision of propulsion apparatus for a craft of the character described in the preceding paragraph arranged in such a way as to permit direction control and impart inherent stability tothe craft similar to that attained with dihedral wing arrangements.
  • the present invention instead of relying on such a system of thrust generation, involves the production of a plasma or electrically conductive field surrounding the craft, if the craft is not emersed in such an electrically conductive surrounding medium, and generation of a high intensity moving polyphase excited magnetic field about the craft produced by alternating current voltages in such a manner as to induce eddy currents in the plasma and causing the field to travel between two spaced points in a direction opposite to the desired direction of travel.
  • an air ionizer is provided at the leading end or top of the craft to highly ionize the air surrounding the craft and provide a surrounding field or cloud in which eddy currents may be induced by the magnetic field generated by the series of driving rings.
  • a traveling field when acting upon the surrounding conductive medium serving as a conductor, generates or induces eddy current therein and this induced current flowing between finite particles of atmosphere making up the conductor coacts with the flux of the field to set up a force on the conductor tending to cause the conductor to move with the traveling field.
  • a powerful thrust is exerted on the craft in the desired direction of travel by the oppositely directed travel of the conductor (i.e. the ionized or plasma medium).
  • the ionizer in effect produces a hollow electrically conductive tube or annulus of highly ionized air or plasma surrounding the craft through which the craft is to travel and the rearwardly traveling primary magnetic field generated by the driving rings induces the eddy currents in this conductive tube causing the tube of conductive medium to be thrust rearwardly and thereby propel the craft along the tube.
  • Stability is achieved by forming the driving rings of progressively increasing diameter progressing downwardly or toward the trailing end or bottom of the craft, and shaping the craft to direct the surrounding air and thus the ionized field or zone generally outwardly and downwardly to produce efifects similar to those of dihedral in winged aircraft.
  • FIGURE 1 is a side elevation of a craft embodying the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a top view thereof
  • FIGURE 3 is a diagrammatic skeleton view of the primary magnetic field generating and ionizer components of the craft arranged in their relative positions to each other to illustrate the principles of operation thereof, taken along the plane 3-3 of FIGURE 2; and
  • FIGURES 4a and 4b are diagrammatic illustrations of the craft at vertical and tilt attitudes, respectively, with accompanying illustrations of vector forces to show the stabilizing effects of the configuration.
  • the heavier-than-air craft indicated generally by the reference character 10, comprises an air frame or fuselage 11 providing support for the various compartments of the craft and the load to be transported, having a leading end or top 12 and a trailing end or bottom 13.
  • a series of polyphase driving windings or coils 14, 15 and 16 spaced axially along the craft concentric with the center or reference axis 17 thereof, with the relatively trailing rings 15 and 16 located toward the trailing end 13 being of progressively greater diameter to define a generally conical arrangement diverging toward the trailing end 13.
  • a very heavy current must flow through a single conductor or a more moderate current through many turns.
  • a conductor in the form of a single turn closed driving ring for each of the coils 14, 15 and 16, and apply three phase A.C. voltage to the driving rings 14, 15 and 16 from a suitable source 18 with proper connections to produce a traveling magnetic field, indicated by the lines 19 in FIGURE 3, wherein the point of maximum flux density progresses from the top to the bottom of the stack of driving rings, and then switches back to the top and progresses again to the bottom.
  • a permeable pole piece 20 extends along the center axis 17 of the craft to convert the driving rings 14, 15, 16 from an air core to a ferrite core coil system to increase the flux density.
  • the driving rings 14-, 15, 16 are preferably constructed of conductive metal material maintained in a superconductive state, for example by refrigeration or cooling equipment carried by the craft.
  • an ionizer coil or ring 21 is supported at the top 12 of the craft supplied by a suitable high voltage source 22, to cause the surrounding air to be ionized as fast as it enters the magnetic field of the driving rings 14, 15, 16. It is recognized that as air becomes more and more highly ionized, it becomes a progressively better conductor until at a condition which supports disruptive breakdown, it is an almost perfect conductor.
  • the ionizer 21 at the top or leading end of the craft therefore continuously ionizes the air at the leading end of the craft, providing a surrounding annulus of highly conductive medium or plasma in which the eddy currents can be induced by the driving rings 14, 15, 16.
  • Particle repulsion as well as the repulsion of the self-induced secondary magnetic fields established by the eddy currents in the surrounding ion cloud or plasma will spread the ionized annulus to the extent of the magnetic lines of force away from the craft before they reach the level of maximum flux density as they relatively progress toward the trailing end of the craft.
  • the movement of the driving magnetic field downwardly as previously mentioned, set up forces on the conductor medium causing the ionized or plasma medium to travel with the driving magnetic field and thus downwardly about the craft.
  • means are also provided such as the frustoconical air-directing skirt 23 disposed just below the set of driving rings 14, 15, 16 to direct the ionized air, which moves relative to the craft toward the trailing end 13, in outwardly inclined paths at an angle relative to the reference axis 17 to more nearly shape the field of ions to fit the magnetic field produced by the similarly outwardly and downwardly inclined paths of the driving rings 14, 15, 16.
  • This inclining of the ionized air flow paths outwardly and downwardly achieves improved stability for the craft, as will be apparent from an inspection of FIGURES 4a and 4b.
  • the ionized air flow as designated by the arrows 24 lies in a downwardly divergent conical path due to the effects of the air directing skirt 23.
  • These forces or vectors all resolve into a downwardly directed vertical component 24 and a radially outwardly directed horizontal component 24, the latter occurring in a circle so that they cancel out each other and only the vertical component remains.
  • the ionized air force vector 25;, for the lower side of the craft is all down while the vector 25 for the higher opposite side is near horizontal, producing a couple which tends to return the craft to its proper vertical attitude.
  • the force vectors shown represent the forces exerted on the eddy-current-conducting ionized air cloud (i.e. the conductor) by the downwardly traveling primary magnetic field produced by the driving rings 14, 15 and 16.
  • Directional and attitude control of the craft may be effected either by control of the ionization in various radial directions or quadrants, or by distorting the shape of the magnetic field produced by the driving rings 14, 15, 16 or by other control expedients.
  • the ionizer ring 21 may, in a simple form, be a ring of spikes with alternate spikes at ground potential and a very substantial potential difference existing between the spikes so as to effect a high degree of ionization between rows of alternate spikes.
  • the spiked ring 21 may be broken up along its circumference int-o a plurality of independently controllable arcuate segments, and the potential applied to the arcuate segments through a sector control 29 which moderates the applied potential to set the degree of ionization in each quadrant.
  • the ionization can be altered to maintain constant vertical force components or lift or vary them to effect controlled tilt, while the normally zeroed out horizontal force components can be upset so that the craft has a powerful horizontal force component in the desired direction.
  • This may be coordinated with control of total power input to the driving rings 14, 15, 16 to maintain the correct proportions of lift, tilt and forward speed for controlled flight providing control functions similar to collective pitch control in rotary wing aircraft.
  • Lateral directional control may also be achieved by installing a plurality of closed loop coils in the skirt of the craft below the primary coils.
  • These directional control coils may lie in the plane of the skirt and take the form of a series of circles or regular loops which are tangent to one another around the perimeter of the craft in the skirt region.
  • These closed loop coils would be controllable asrto whether they are closed or open, for example, by remotely controlled shorting strips or conductive bridges, so that if they are closed, they form a short circuited secondary turn which, by resistance, would absorb power from the main driving coils and tend to shade the developed magnetic field at that point. If the closed circuit of this coil is broken, no current would be able to flow and no power would be absorbed. By thus decreasing the field strength in any quadrant, one would be able to tilt the craft and achieve lateral displacement.
  • an ion source or the like would also have to be carried by the craft to provide its own source of ions or electrically conductive matter for seeding the surrounding region and producing the necessary plasma or electrically conductive annulus in which the eddy currents may be induced to provide propulsive thrust.
  • a fluid medium which is naturally electrically conductive such as sea water or some other electrolyte
  • the medium already has the capability of conducting eddy currents and the ionizer may be dispensed with or may be used merely to improve conductivity of the naturally conductive medium.
  • a magnet-ohydrodynamic effects craft adapted to travel through a surrounding fluid medium wherein the zone of the medium adjacent the craft is responsive to magnetic fields to conduct mutually induced eddy currents, comprising a plurality of electrically conductive coil means capable of producing magnetic fields surrounding the craft upon conduction of electric current therethrough arranged serially along an axis of the craft paralleling a desired direction of travel, means for applying polyphase alternating current electric voltages to said coil means to produce a plurality of magnetic fields fluctuating responsive to alternating currents in said coil means which are phased and magnetically superimposed to produce a collective driving magnetic field surrounding said craft whose point of maximum flux density repetitively progresses from a leading end position relative to said direction of travel to a trailing end position and switches back to said leading end position, said driving magnetic field being of sufficient strength to induce eddy currents in the adjacent zone of said fluid medium and thereby constitute the fluid medium an equivalent electrical con ductor interacting with said driving magnetic field to be driven in the direction .of travel of the driving magnetic field and effect propulsion
  • a heavier-than-air craft adapted to be propelled through a fluid medium by magnetohydrodynamic effects comprising a fuselage having a top end and a bottom end spaced along a central reference axis, means adjacent the top end of said craft for ionizing the fluid medium surrounding the craft, a plurality of inductive driving coils of electrical conductors arranged concentrically of said reference axis and located at a plurality of selected spaced positions along said axis intermediate said top and bottom ends, and means for applying polyphase alternating current voltages to said coils to produce electric currents therein having selected phase relations to each other establishing a magnetic field about each coil fluctuating about its respective coil in accordance with the alternating electric currents flowing therein, which fields are phased and magnetically superimposed to produce a collective driving magnetic field whose point of maximum flux density repetitively progresses from the topmost coil to the bottommost coil and switches back to the topmost coil, whereby said driving magnetic field induces eddy currents in the ionized surrounding medium reacting with said
  • a heavier-than-air craft adapted to be propelled through a fluid medium capable of being ionized to a condition of high electrical conductivity by magnetohydrodynamic effects comprising a fuselage having a top end and a bottom end spaced along a central reference axis, means adjacent the top end of said craft for ionizing the fluid medium surrounding the craft to produce an ionized annulus of high electrically conductive fluid medium surrounding the craft and extending axially toward the bottom end thereof, an array of inductive driving rings formed of electrical conductors arranged concentrically of said reference axis and located at selected spaced positions along said axis intermediate said top and bottom ends, and means for applying polyphase alternating current voltages to said rings to produce electric currents therein having selected phase relations to each other establishing a magnetic field about each ring fluctuating about its respective ring in accordance with the alternating electric currents flowing therein, which fields are phased and magnetically superimposed to produce a collective driving magnetic field whose point of maximum flux density repetitively progresses from the top
  • each of said driving rings being superconductor rings.
  • a heavier-than-air craft adapted to be propelled through a fluid medium by magnetohydrodynamic effects comprising a fuselage having a top end and a bottom end spaced along a central reference axis, means adjacent the top end of said craft for ionizing the fluid medium surrounding the craft, a plurality of inductive driving coils of electrical conductors arranged concentrically of said reference axis and located at a plurality of selected spaced positions along said axis intermediate said top and bottom ends, and means for applying polyphase alternating current voltages to said coils to produce electric currents therein establishing a moving driving magnetic field which repetitively progresses from the top-most coil to the bottom-most coil and switches back to the top-most coil, whereby said moving magnetic field induces eddy currents in the ionized surrounding medium reacting with said driving magnetic field to drive the ionized surrounding medium in the direction of travel of the magnetic field and propel the craft upwardly in the direction of said reference axis, said fuselage having fluid medium deflecting skirt means of
  • a heavier-than-air craft adapted to be propelled through a fluid medium capable of being ionized to a condition of high electrical conductivity by magnetohydrodynamic eflects comprising a fuselage having a top end and a bottom end spaced along a central axis, an ionizer ring adjacent the top end of said craft, means for applying a high electrical potential to said ionizer ring for ionizing the fluid medium surrounding the craft to produce an ionized annulus of high electrically conductive fluid medium surrounding the craft and extend-ing axially toward the bottom end thereof, an array of inductive driving rings formed of electrical conductors arranged concentrically of said reference axis and located at selected spaced positions along said axis intermediate said top and bottom ends, and means for applying polyphase alternating current voltages to said rings to produce electric currents therein having selected phase relations to each other establishing a magnetic field about each ring fluctuating about its respective ring in accordance with the alternating electric currents flow-ing therein, which fields are phased
  • a heavier-than-air craft adapted to be propelled through a fluid medium capable of being ionized to a condition of high electrical conductivity by magnetohydrodynamic effects comprising a fuselage having a top end and a bottom end spaced along a central axis, an ionizer ring adjacent the top end of said craft, means for applying a high electrical potential to said ionizer ring for ionizing 8 the fluid medium surrounding the craft to produce an ionized annulus of high electrically conductive fluid medium surrounding the craft and extending axially toward the bottom end thereof, an array of inductive driving rings formed of electrical conductors arranged concentrically of said reference axis and located at selected spaced positions along said axis intermediate said top and bottom ends, and means for applying polyphase alternating current voltages to said rings to produce electric currents therein, establishing a moving driving magnetic field which repetitively progresses from the top to the bottom of said array and switches back to the top of the array, whereby said moving magnetic field induces eddy currents in
  • a heavier-than-air craft adapted to be propelled through a fluid medium capable of being ionized to a condition of high electrical conductivity by magnetohydrodynamic effects comprising a fuselage having a top end and a bottom end spaced along a central axis, an ionizer ring adjacent the top end of said craft, means for applying a high electrical potential to said ionizer ring for ionizing the fluid medium surrounding the craft to produce an ionized annulus of high electrically conductive fluid medium surrounding the craft and extending axially toward the bottom end thereof, an array of inductive driving rings formed of electrical conductors arranged concentrically of said reference axis and located at selected spaced positions along said axis intermediate said top and bottom ends, and means for applying polyphase alternating current voltages to said rings to produce electric currents therein, establishing a moving driving magnetic field which repetitively progresses from the top to the bottom of said array and switches back to the top of the array, whereby said moving magnetic field induces eddy currents in the
  • a heavier-than-air craft adapted to be propelled through a fluid medium capable of being ionized to a condition of high electrical conductivity by magnetohydrodynamic effects comprising a fuselage having a top end and a bottom end spaced along a central reference axis, means adjacent the top end of said craft by ionizing the fluid medium surrounding the craft to produce an ionized annulus of high electrically conductive fluid medium surrounding the craft and extending axially toward the bottom end thereof, an array of inductive driving rings formed of electrical conductors arranged concentrically of said reference axis and located at selected spaced positions along said axis intermediate said top and bottom ends, the successive individual driving rings being of progressively increasing diameter progressing from the top end to the bottom end of said craft, and means for applying polyphase alternating current voltages to said rings to produce electric currents therein having selected phase relations to each other establishing a magnetic field about each ring fluctuating about its respective ring in References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1/1963 Coleman et al

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Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3826452A (en) * 1973-05-25 1974-07-30 Us Navy Electrical control device for a re-entry vehicle
US3913520A (en) * 1972-08-14 1975-10-21 Precision Thin Film Corp High vacuum deposition apparatus
US4014168A (en) * 1970-12-07 1977-03-29 Carpenter Donald G Electrical technique
US4663932A (en) * 1982-07-26 1987-05-12 Cox James E Dipolar force field propulsion system
US4891600A (en) * 1982-07-26 1990-01-02 Cox James E Dipole accelerating means and method
US5023497A (en) * 1987-12-07 1991-06-11 Pereny Franklin C Magnetic force generating system
US5052638A (en) * 1989-03-30 1991-10-01 Minovitch Michael Andrew Electromagnetic ramjet
US5087215A (en) * 1990-03-08 1992-02-11 Leonid Simuni Ocean-going vessel and method for increasing the speed
US5291734A (en) * 1991-11-12 1994-03-08 Sohnly Michael J Primary force ring for magnetohydrodynamic propulsion system
US6419538B1 (en) 1998-11-10 2002-07-16 Arizona Board Of Regents Marine propulsion system and method using an in-situ generated water plasma
US20020165592A1 (en) * 2001-04-04 2002-11-07 Arkady Glukhovsky Induction powered in vivo imaging device
US20030214579A1 (en) * 2002-02-11 2003-11-20 Iddan Gavriel J. Self propelled device
US20040200925A1 (en) * 2003-02-21 2004-10-14 St.Clair John Quincy Cavitating oil hyperspace energy generator
US20050056729A1 (en) * 2003-09-08 2005-03-17 Foster John P. Particle accelerator space engine
US20050107666A1 (en) * 2003-10-01 2005-05-19 Arkady Glukhovsky Device, system and method for determining orientation of in-vivo devices
US20050155340A1 (en) * 2002-06-06 2005-07-21 Howard Letovsky Projected polarized field propulsion apparatus
US20050171398A1 (en) * 2002-12-26 2005-08-04 Given Imaging Ltd. In vivo imaging device and method of manufacture thereof
US6939290B2 (en) 2002-02-11 2005-09-06 Given Imaging Ltd Self propelled device having a magnetohydrodynamic propulsion system
US20050217237A1 (en) * 2003-10-10 2005-10-06 Willett Everett W Thrust, with or without the ejection of propellant
US20050254613A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-17 Gochnour Gary R Fusion energy system and plasma propulsion aircraft to produce electricity from a controlled nuclear fusion reaction
US20060004276A1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2006-01-05 Iddan Gavriel J Motor for an in-vivo device
US20060102795A1 (en) * 2003-05-06 2006-05-18 Gochnour Gary R Fusion energy system and plasma propulsion aircraft to produce electricity from a controlled nuclear fusion reaction
US20060169292A1 (en) * 2002-10-15 2006-08-03 Iddan Gavriel J Device, system and method for transfer of signals to a moving device
US20060280258A1 (en) * 2005-06-14 2006-12-14 Ido Bettesh Modulator and method for producing a modulated signal
US20070078298A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2007-04-05 Arkady Glukhovsky Imaging sensor array and device and method for use thereof
RU2323137C1 (ru) * 2006-08-08 2008-04-27 Сергей Николаевич Чувашев Способ и устройство управления потоком в объеме сопла реактивного двигателя летательного аппарата
US20090048484A1 (en) * 2001-09-05 2009-02-19 Paul Christopher Swain Device, system and method for magnetically maneuvering an in vivo device
US20090105532A1 (en) * 2007-10-22 2009-04-23 Zvika Gilad In vivo imaging device and method of manufacturing thereof
US7907986B2 (en) 2001-09-24 2011-03-15 Given Imaging Ltd. System and method for controlling a device in vivo
US7998065B2 (en) 2001-06-18 2011-08-16 Given Imaging Ltd. In vivo sensing device with a circuit board having rigid sections and flexible sections
US10070932B2 (en) 2013-08-29 2018-09-11 Given Imaging Ltd. System and method for maneuvering coils power optimization

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GB830816A (en) * 1956-12-17 1960-03-23 Maurice Gerard Louis Marie Jos Improvements relating to the propulsion of vehicles
US3071705A (en) * 1958-10-06 1963-01-01 Grumman Aircraft Engineering C Electrostatic propulsion means
US3138019A (en) * 1960-11-07 1964-06-23 Litton Systems Inc Plasma accelerator for wind tunnel
US3150483A (en) * 1962-05-10 1964-09-29 Aerospace Corp Plasma generator and accelerator
US3174278A (en) * 1963-01-24 1965-03-23 Raymond L Barger Continuously operating induction plasma accelerator

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GB830816A (en) * 1956-12-17 1960-03-23 Maurice Gerard Louis Marie Jos Improvements relating to the propulsion of vehicles
US3071705A (en) * 1958-10-06 1963-01-01 Grumman Aircraft Engineering C Electrostatic propulsion means
US3138019A (en) * 1960-11-07 1964-06-23 Litton Systems Inc Plasma accelerator for wind tunnel
US3150483A (en) * 1962-05-10 1964-09-29 Aerospace Corp Plasma generator and accelerator
US3174278A (en) * 1963-01-24 1965-03-23 Raymond L Barger Continuously operating induction plasma accelerator

Cited By (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4014168A (en) * 1970-12-07 1977-03-29 Carpenter Donald G Electrical technique
US3913520A (en) * 1972-08-14 1975-10-21 Precision Thin Film Corp High vacuum deposition apparatus
US3826452A (en) * 1973-05-25 1974-07-30 Us Navy Electrical control device for a re-entry vehicle
US4663932A (en) * 1982-07-26 1987-05-12 Cox James E Dipolar force field propulsion system
US4891600A (en) * 1982-07-26 1990-01-02 Cox James E Dipole accelerating means and method
US5023497A (en) * 1987-12-07 1991-06-11 Pereny Franklin C Magnetic force generating system
US5052638A (en) * 1989-03-30 1991-10-01 Minovitch Michael Andrew Electromagnetic ramjet
US5087215A (en) * 1990-03-08 1992-02-11 Leonid Simuni Ocean-going vessel and method for increasing the speed
US5291734A (en) * 1991-11-12 1994-03-08 Sohnly Michael J Primary force ring for magnetohydrodynamic propulsion system
US6419538B1 (en) 1998-11-10 2002-07-16 Arizona Board Of Regents Marine propulsion system and method using an in-situ generated water plasma
US20020165592A1 (en) * 2001-04-04 2002-11-07 Arkady Glukhovsky Induction powered in vivo imaging device
US20050228259A1 (en) * 2001-04-04 2005-10-13 Given Imaging Ltd. Induction powered in vivo imaging device
US7998065B2 (en) 2001-06-18 2011-08-16 Given Imaging Ltd. In vivo sensing device with a circuit board having rigid sections and flexible sections
US8428685B2 (en) 2001-09-05 2013-04-23 Given Imaging Ltd. System and method for magnetically maneuvering an in vivo device
US20090048484A1 (en) * 2001-09-05 2009-02-19 Paul Christopher Swain Device, system and method for magnetically maneuvering an in vivo device
US7907986B2 (en) 2001-09-24 2011-03-15 Given Imaging Ltd. System and method for controlling a device in vivo
US6958034B2 (en) 2002-02-11 2005-10-25 Given Imaging Ltd. Self propelled device
US20060030754A1 (en) * 2002-02-11 2006-02-09 Given Imaging Ltd. Self propelled device
US20030214579A1 (en) * 2002-02-11 2003-11-20 Iddan Gavriel J. Self propelled device
US6939290B2 (en) 2002-02-11 2005-09-06 Given Imaging Ltd Self propelled device having a magnetohydrodynamic propulsion system
US20050155340A1 (en) * 2002-06-06 2005-07-21 Howard Letovsky Projected polarized field propulsion apparatus
US7866322B2 (en) 2002-10-15 2011-01-11 Given Imaging Ltd. Device, system and method for transfer of signals to a moving device
US20060169292A1 (en) * 2002-10-15 2006-08-03 Iddan Gavriel J Device, system and method for transfer of signals to a moving device
US7833151B2 (en) 2002-12-26 2010-11-16 Given Imaging Ltd. In vivo imaging device with two imagers
US20050171398A1 (en) * 2002-12-26 2005-08-04 Given Imaging Ltd. In vivo imaging device and method of manufacture thereof
US20040200925A1 (en) * 2003-02-21 2004-10-14 St.Clair John Quincy Cavitating oil hyperspace energy generator
US20060102795A1 (en) * 2003-05-06 2006-05-18 Gochnour Gary R Fusion energy system and plasma propulsion aircraft to produce electricity from a controlled nuclear fusion reaction
US20070078298A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2007-04-05 Arkady Glukhovsky Imaging sensor array and device and method for use thereof
US7650180B2 (en) 2003-07-02 2010-01-19 Given Imaging Ltd. Imaging sensor array and device and method for use therefor
US20050056729A1 (en) * 2003-09-08 2005-03-17 Foster John P. Particle accelerator space engine
US20050107666A1 (en) * 2003-10-01 2005-05-19 Arkady Glukhovsky Device, system and method for determining orientation of in-vivo devices
US7604589B2 (en) 2003-10-01 2009-10-20 Given Imaging, Ltd. Device, system and method for determining orientation of in-vivo devices
US20050217237A1 (en) * 2003-10-10 2005-10-06 Willett Everett W Thrust, with or without the ejection of propellant
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