US3314841A - Method and apparatus for manufacturing compound non-woven textile structures - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for manufacturing compound non-woven textile structures Download PDF

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US3314841A
US3314841A US27578763A US3314841A US 3314841 A US3314841 A US 3314841A US 27578763 A US27578763 A US 27578763A US 3314841 A US3314841 A US 3314841A
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yarns
members
weave
weft
net
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Romanin Bruno
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/12—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with filaments or yarns secured together by chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents, e.g. adhesives, applied or incorporated in liquid or solid form
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H3/011—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/015—Natural yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
    • D04H3/045—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles for net manufacturing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/05—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in another pattern, e.g. zig-zag, sinusoidal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1052—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
    • Y10T156/1056—Perforating lamina
    • Y10T156/1057—Subsequent to assembly of laminae
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/643—Including parallel strand or fiber material within the nonwoven fabric

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improvement in the processes and apparatus for the commercial manufacturing of textiles of the so called non-woven type, wherein all More particularly, men-ts in the processes rics of the particular type as disclosed arrangement in the direction of fabric may be called, in their whole, the Warp of the fabric, by analogy with the arrangement of Warp yarns as present in a loom woven fabric.
  • undulations of the other yarns (which may be called, by analogy, though improperly, weft yarns) is such as to of warp yarns. are tightly and parallely spaced, and preferably two groups of weft yarns, showing like undulation amplitudes but oppositely directed, are present in the fabrics according to the invention. Consequently,
  • Yarns of any nature may be utilized for the manufacturing of said non-woven fabrics.
  • Recourse may be made e.g. to yarns obtained from cotton, hemp, jute, wool, or other short natural fibres, from silk wastes, from artificial or man-made short libres, as viscose staple, viscose acetate, polyamide, polyester, acryl-, polyvinyl alcohol-, PVC- and vinyl-copolymer libres, or olen fibres (eg.
  • filaments man-made filaments, obtained from same plastics as stated yarns, e.g. glass yarns.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic, ment for the manufacturing a non-woven fabric of the above stated 3 nique, the zone wherein the non-woven made.
  • FIG. 3 diagrammatically shows the operating machine components by which the fabric is made, in a crosssectional view taken on the line 3-3 of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows, similarly to FIG. l, an equipment for the manufacturing of fabric, in a variant design for the making of a fabric wherein the components thereof are bonded by means of films that are laminated on either sides of same fabric.
  • FIG. 5 shows, similarly to FIG. 3, the zone in which the fabric is being formed on a machine of the type as diagrammatically shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a fragmentary plane view of the finished fabric, with the superposed components thereof partly removed.
  • FIG. 7 shows, in a structurally simplified form, a side view, partly sectioned on vertical planes, of an auxiliary equipment, designed to be installed downstream of the machine whereon the non-woven fabric is manufactured, for the conversion of the same fabric into a laminated structure, wherein the fabric is enclosed between two film-s or sheets, and
  • FIG. 8 shows, on an enlarged scale and intentionally exagerated, for a the effects that can be obtained, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the fabric is manufactured by bringing into mutual contact, under a condition of substantial coplanarity, a plurality of yarns, which ⁇ are fed in groups arranged along as many convergent planes, between oppositely driven members, e.g. the cylinders 11 and 12, between which said yarns are brought into mutual contact along the line or Zone of tangency, or of maximum approach T of said members.
  • said op-positely directed undulations are obtained by causing the combs 17 and 18 to perform oppositely directed reciprocating motions, e.g. by means of connecting rod systems, eccentric mechanism, as shown in a merely diagrammatic form at 19 in the FIG. 1, or by other equivalent hydraulic, pneumatic or electromagnetic means.
  • the length of the undulations of each sinusoidal weft yarn (the half-length of an undulation being indicated at L/Z in FIG. 2) is obviously determined by the ratio of fabric is being in proportions better understanding of a detail of the equipment linear speed V (which is imparted to the textile structure by the rolls 11 and 12), to the frequency of reciprocating motions A' and A" that are imparted to shifting devices (eg. the combs 17 and 18) for the weft yarns.
  • the amplitude or height of the sinusoidal undulations, as well as the angle a of inclination or slope shown by the waves represented by each weft yarn, are a function of the amplitude of said reciprocating motions A and A as imparted to the combs, as well as a function -of the distance D between the transverse line by which the contact zone T is defined (and wherein the yarns are mutually bonded) and the transverse line as defined by the comb teeth 20 (or equivalent means), by which the yarns pertaining to groups 14 and 15 are physically acted upon and cyclically shifted sidewise.
  • the amplitude of reciprocating motion to be imparted to combs may be approximately defined by the equation:
  • a decrease of the amplitude of comb reciprocating motions is highly important to the purposes of a reduction of stresses to which the weft yarns are subjected while the structure is being formed.
  • a decrease in the amplitude of their motions results in lower linear speeds of yarn side shifting, and in lower positive and negative acceleration values in the shifting motions.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 An equipment designed for the manufacturing, in only one step, of textile structures of the above stated type, and laminated on both sides with film or sheet materials, e.g., with plastics films, is shown in the FIGS. 4 and 5, in
  • FIGURES 4 and 5 only one manner similar to that of the textile structure S (see FIG. 2) is shown enclosed and bonded between the two layers 21 and 22 in the finished structure S.
  • undulation is kept within values of the order of about 70 mms., and maintaining the abovestated crossings.
  • the distance D between the line whereon the weft yarns are laterally shifted (as defined by the teeth 2() ⁇ of combs) and the line T, whereon the yarns are brought into mutual contact, and the netlike weave is practically formed can be reduced to 30u10 mms.
  • polyethylene films would be very advantageous for the manufacturing of such laminated materials, from the viewpoint of costs, and above all to take advantage of the very good physical properties, and in particular of the good resistance to atmospheric agents as shown by said plastic material.
  • Such application is, however, hindered by the well known incompatibility shown by polyethylene films toward all adhesives and solvents heretofore known, which obviously prevent any adhesive bonding of outer films with one another and with the textile components of net-like weave.
  • the films of polyethylene, or of equivalent thermoplastic materials can be joined by heat-welding only, i.e. by heating the films until at least a surface layer thereof is softened and caused to become highly adhesiwe, whereupon same films are joined under the application of a pressure.
  • the equipment shown in the FIG. 7 is designed to operate downstream of a manufacturing equipment generally indicated with D, and that corresponds to equipment as shown in FIG. 4, except for the absence of the device by which an adhesive is applied to the components.
  • Such equipment comprises rollers 11 and 12 that are driven in opposite directions, and between which the zone T is left. To such zone, wherein the net-like weave is formed, are fed also the sheets or films 21 and 2'2, which are thus laminated on both sides of said non-woven textile structure. Downstream of said zone T, the laminated material S is delivered.
  • said laminated material S comprises outer polyethylene films 2,1 and 22, which are then heat welded with one another, thereby enclosing and bonding the inside net-like weave S (see FIG. 8) therebetween, after all gas locks and minute air pockets, possibly yet trapped between said films, downstream of zone T, have been wholly eliminated.
  • the progressively fed laminated material S' is passed between the members 3ft and 31, that are driven in opposite directions.
  • At least one of such members eg. the member 30, consists of a roller whose surface is formed with a plurality of small and thin pins 32 (shown enlarged in the FIG. 8), while the opposite roller 31 is provided with a coating 33 of resilient material, designed to press the laminated material against said pins without damaging either said material or said pins.
  • the laminated material after Ihaving been passed between said rollers, will be perforated in a plurality of points, and preferably in such a manner that at least one hole is punched in each space left between the crossed yarns or net-like weave S.
  • the laminated material is passed over a large diameter roll 34 in such a manner as to make a tight contact over a large sector of the surface thereof.
  • a large diameter roll 34 is heated by inner or outer heat radiating means, or by having a hot uid circulated through suitable pipings 35, 0r by other suitable means.
  • the already known implement consisting of an endless weld band 36, running around rollers 37 and 38, and around a third roller 39, that may serve also to keep the band duly stretched, e.g. by applying to roller 39 a force F, exerted by suitable means, e.g. by a weight 40, or -by a spring, or by hydraulic, pneumatic, or like devices.
  • the laminated material can be wound, e.g. on a beam or bobbin 45 for storage, transport and possible further processing, before its final utilization.
  • the films 21 and 22 can be heated up to the temperature as required for the welding thereof, also before they are fed to the cylinders 11 and 12, e.g. by having them contacted With other heated cylinders, or 'by infra-red radiators, or the like. In such a case, the welding is performed simultaneously formation of the net-like weave, in the same zone T, after which the cooling implements can be arranged.
  • a method according to claim 1, for the manufacturing of non-woven textile structures comprising the step of lfeeding at least one strip of sheet material beween the members in contact with at least one surface of the net-like weave, and effecting adherence between the strip and the net-[like weave at the contact zone.
  • a method according to claim 5 characterized by feeding t-wo strips of sheet material along two respective converging planes to and between the members so that the net-like weave is set in contact with the strips of sheet material.
  • a method according to claim 8 characterized by lthe steps of applying thin films of an adhesive agent solution to the inner surfaces of the strips at zones located the inlet zone of the members, and at ⁇ a are contacted with the yarns forming the net-like weave. 1t).
  • a method according to claim 10 characterized ⁇ n that in order to insure the removal of any air pockets.
  • a method according to claim 10 characterized the compound material, wherepressure on the compound structure to force air from between the strips.
  • Apparatus for manufacturing compound, nonwoven textile structures including a net-like weave enclosed between strips of sheet material applied to both surfaces of the net-,like weave and ⁇ directly bonded to 11 plurality of closely arranged minute holes through at least one of said strips; pressure means operable to exert a pressure on the compound structure; and heating means associated with said pressure means to heat the compound structure to the welding temperature as the strips are pressed into contact with each other.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 1S including cooling means engagable with the welded structure and positioned downstream of the pressure means and the heating means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US27578763 1962-04-16 1963-04-12 Method and apparatus for manufacturing compound non-woven textile structures Expired - Lifetime US3314841A (en)

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IT745462 1962-04-16
IT95863 1963-01-16

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BE (1) BE631067A (de)
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NL (2) NL7209389A (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3475264A (en) * 1964-07-21 1969-10-28 Chase Donaldson Reinforced plastic strapping laminate
US3526565A (en) * 1965-06-09 1970-09-01 Jean Jacques Walter Ribbon or tape or the like and process for manufacturing the same
US3594820A (en) * 1969-05-16 1971-07-27 Kimberly Clark Co Disposable panty
US3622429A (en) * 1968-11-25 1971-11-23 James A Kippan Synthetic strap
US3673058A (en) * 1969-04-07 1972-06-27 Hexcel Corp Honeycomb having laminates of unidirectional strands
DE2553812A1 (de) * 1974-12-02 1976-06-10 Buckeye Cellulose Corp Geraeuschloser kraeftiger, tuchartiger schichtstoff
US4161559A (en) * 1977-02-22 1979-07-17 Windmoller & Holscher Reinforced webs of film
US4398650A (en) * 1978-12-08 1983-08-16 International Paper Company Energy absorbing corrugated paper container
US5002621A (en) * 1988-03-30 1991-03-26 Bridgestone Corporation Method of producing tire reinforcing member
US20120156427A1 (en) * 2010-12-17 2012-06-21 Tamicare Ltd. Product and Method of Producing a Shape-Retaining Nonwoven Material
US20150167214A1 (en) * 2012-09-06 2015-06-18 Sailmaker International S.P.A. Multi-axial grid netting
WO2019192948A1 (en) 2018-04-03 2019-10-10 Politex S.A.S. Di Freudenberg, Politex S.R.L. Reinforced nonwoven

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1433971A (en) * 1920-09-13 1922-10-31 Roberts Fred Thomas Method of and apparatus for preventing air bubbles in laminated rubber articles
US1957732A (en) * 1930-12-13 1934-05-08 Sloane Blabon Corp Floor covering and manufacture thereof
US2189069A (en) * 1937-08-28 1940-02-06 American Mach & Foundry Sealing mechanism for wrapping machines
US2387631A (en) * 1943-11-27 1945-10-23 Francis M Weir Means for forming laminated sheet bodies
US2511703A (en) * 1947-07-25 1950-06-13 Rogers Ind Inc Rotary polishing and laminating machine
US2738298A (en) * 1953-10-07 1956-03-13 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Nonwoven decorative ribbons
US3095338A (en) * 1958-01-25 1963-06-25 Romanin Bruno Web-like continuous textile structure

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1433971A (en) * 1920-09-13 1922-10-31 Roberts Fred Thomas Method of and apparatus for preventing air bubbles in laminated rubber articles
US1957732A (en) * 1930-12-13 1934-05-08 Sloane Blabon Corp Floor covering and manufacture thereof
US2189069A (en) * 1937-08-28 1940-02-06 American Mach & Foundry Sealing mechanism for wrapping machines
US2387631A (en) * 1943-11-27 1945-10-23 Francis M Weir Means for forming laminated sheet bodies
US2511703A (en) * 1947-07-25 1950-06-13 Rogers Ind Inc Rotary polishing and laminating machine
US2738298A (en) * 1953-10-07 1956-03-13 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Nonwoven decorative ribbons
US3095338A (en) * 1958-01-25 1963-06-25 Romanin Bruno Web-like continuous textile structure

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3475264A (en) * 1964-07-21 1969-10-28 Chase Donaldson Reinforced plastic strapping laminate
US3526565A (en) * 1965-06-09 1970-09-01 Jean Jacques Walter Ribbon or tape or the like and process for manufacturing the same
US3622429A (en) * 1968-11-25 1971-11-23 James A Kippan Synthetic strap
US3673058A (en) * 1969-04-07 1972-06-27 Hexcel Corp Honeycomb having laminates of unidirectional strands
US3594820A (en) * 1969-05-16 1971-07-27 Kimberly Clark Co Disposable panty
DE2553812A1 (de) * 1974-12-02 1976-06-10 Buckeye Cellulose Corp Geraeuschloser kraeftiger, tuchartiger schichtstoff
US4161559A (en) * 1977-02-22 1979-07-17 Windmoller & Holscher Reinforced webs of film
US4398650A (en) * 1978-12-08 1983-08-16 International Paper Company Energy absorbing corrugated paper container
US5002621A (en) * 1988-03-30 1991-03-26 Bridgestone Corporation Method of producing tire reinforcing member
US20120156427A1 (en) * 2010-12-17 2012-06-21 Tamicare Ltd. Product and Method of Producing a Shape-Retaining Nonwoven Material
US20150167214A1 (en) * 2012-09-06 2015-06-18 Sailmaker International S.P.A. Multi-axial grid netting
EP2893070B1 (de) * 2012-09-06 2020-03-04 Sailmaker International S.p.A. Multiaxiales gitternetz
WO2019192948A1 (en) 2018-04-03 2019-10-10 Politex S.A.S. Di Freudenberg, Politex S.R.L. Reinforced nonwoven

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Publication number Publication date
NL291477A (de) 1900-01-01
GB1038462A (en) 1966-08-10
NL7209389A (de) 1972-09-25
BE631067A (de) 1900-01-01

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