US3306740A - High-temperature corrosionresistant alloys - Google Patents

High-temperature corrosionresistant alloys Download PDF

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US3306740A
US3306740A US413379A US41337964A US3306740A US 3306740 A US3306740 A US 3306740A US 413379 A US413379 A US 413379A US 41337964 A US41337964 A US 41337964A US 3306740 A US3306740 A US 3306740A
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alloys
alloy
corrosionresistant
temperature
corrosion
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US413379A
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Wyman Le Roy
John J Park
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
    • C22C27/06—Alloys based on chromium

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  • the present invention relates to an improved nickelchromium base alloy having high resistance to corrosion at elevated temperatures in the presence of combustion products from fuels. More particularly the invention relates to alloys of the nickel-chromium base type having selected alloying elements added to improve their resistance to corrosion when used in ships boilers and where the alloy is subject to an environment containing compounds of vanadium, sodium, chlorine and sulphur.
  • one approach was to select alloying compounds from those which pro prise highly refractory oxide such as titanium and aluminum.
  • Another approach was to select large-atom elements, such as the lanthanide metals i.e. misch-metal and yttrium.
  • the ingredients of the alloy must be of high purity and that they must be processed in a manner to maintain this degree of purity. Therefore, the basic ingredient, i.e. a binary alloy of 60% chromium, 40% nickel which ingredients are selected as commercially available high-purity electrolytic chromium and nickel.
  • the additive elements were also selected as high-purity commercially available materials.
  • the ingredients were melted in magnesium crucibles and the meltwas ladled in-magnesium ladles. The melting was accomplished in an arg n atmosphere and an argon at- 3,306,740 Patented Feb. 28, 1967 mosphere was maintained during the pouring of the melt to the conventional baked-sand molds.
  • the alloys produced from the additives listed in the foregoing table were specifically tested to determine their corrosion resistance to V 0 NaVO and NaSO and showed markedly improved resistance to corrosion when compared with the binary 60/40 Cr/Ni alloy, which Calcium 0.04%.
  • Rare earths A small but effective amount up to 1.7%. Titanium A small but effective amount up to 4%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Description

United States Patent ice 3,306,740 HIGH-TEMPERATURE CORROSION- RESISTANT ALLDYS Le Roy Wyman, Bethesda, Md., and John J. Park, Springfield, Va., assignors to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy No Drawing. Filed Nov. 23, 1964, Ser. No. 413,379 1 Claim. (Cl. 75176) The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States of America for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.
The present invention relates to an improved nickelchromium base alloy having high resistance to corrosion at elevated temperatures in the presence of combustion products from fuels. More particularly the invention relates to alloys of the nickel-chromium base type having selected alloying elements added to improve their resistance to corrosion when used in ships boilers and where the alloy is subject to an environment containing compounds of vanadium, sodium, chlorine and sulphur.
It has been found that many alloys are attacked by such compounds as vanadium pentoxide to produce a relative low melting point mixture and thus cause the structure formed of the basic alloy to fail in a high temperature environment such as occurs in the fire-box of a ships boiler.
In the making of the present invention it was decided to produce an alloy which forms a surface layer resistant to fuel oil ash while retaining sufiicient ductility to permit the devices made from the alloy to be used without cracking or breaking.
It is an object of this invention to produce an alloy which is protected by a dense adherent coating which is non-slagging, self-healing and which serves as a diffusion barrier. In accomplishing this objective, one approach was to select alloying compounds from those which pro duce highly refractory oxide such as titanium and aluminum. Another approach was to select large-atom elements, such as the lanthanide metals i.e. misch-metal and yttrium.
In the preparation of these alloys it was found that for the most effective corrosion resistance the ingredients of the alloy must be of high purity and that they must be processed in a manner to maintain this degree of purity. Therefore, the basic ingredient, i.e. a binary alloy of 60% chromium, 40% nickel which ingredients are selected as commercially available high-purity electrolytic chromium and nickel. The additive elements were also selected as high-purity commercially available materials. By way of example, to avoid contamination in the processing, the ingredients were melted in magnesium crucibles and the meltwas ladled in-magnesium ladles. The melting was accomplished in an arg n atmosphere and an argon at- 3,306,740 Patented Feb. 28, 1967 mosphere was maintained during the pouring of the melt to the conventional baked-sand molds.
By test it was found that ternary alloys formed by adding to the /40 Cr/Ni alloy an alloying ingredient selected from the following table in a small but effective quantity from within the range indicated as percent by weight, produced improved resistance to corrosion from fuel oil-ash in oil fired ship-boilers.
TABLE I.ADDITIVES TO 60/40 Or/Ni BASE ALLOY Periodic Table Group Elements Peacenifilgy elg II {Calcium 0.04.
Magnesium 0.1 to 0.5. III. {Yttrium 0.1 to 1.0.
Rare Earths L-.. To 1.7. [V Titanium To 4% V Cnlnmhinm 0.04.
1 Lanthanides, Mischmetal.
The alloys produced from the additives listed in the foregoing table were specifically tested to determine their corrosion resistance to V 0 NaVO and NaSO and showed markedly improved resistance to corrosion when compared with the binary 60/40 Cr/Ni alloy, which Calcium 0.04%.
Magnesium 0.1 to about 0.5%.
Yttrium 0.1 to about 1.0%.
Rare earths A small but effective amount up to 1.7%. Titanium A small but effective amount up to 4%.
Columbium 0.04%
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,809,139 10/1957 Bloom et a1 -176 X 2,955,937 10/1960 McGurty et al 75-1'76 3,015,559 1/1962 McGurty et al. 75176 3,235,380 2/1966 Scruggs 75-176 DAVID L. RECK, Primary Examiner.
CHARLES N. LOVELL, Examiner.
US413379A 1964-11-23 1964-11-23 High-temperature corrosionresistant alloys Expired - Lifetime US3306740A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3816111A (en) * 1971-05-12 1974-06-11 Sulzer Ag Chromium-base alloy for making a chill-mold and a process of making same
US4025314A (en) * 1975-12-17 1977-05-24 The International Nickel Company, Inc. Nickel-chromium filler metal

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2809139A (en) * 1952-10-24 1957-10-08 Research Corp Method for heat treating chromium base alloy
US2955937A (en) * 1958-01-21 1960-10-11 James A Mcgurty Oxidation resistant chromium alloy
US3015559A (en) * 1959-09-25 1962-01-02 Gen Electric Oxidation resistant chromium alloy
US3235380A (en) * 1965-03-26 1966-02-15 Bendix Corp Chromium-nickel alloy

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2809139A (en) * 1952-10-24 1957-10-08 Research Corp Method for heat treating chromium base alloy
US2955937A (en) * 1958-01-21 1960-10-11 James A Mcgurty Oxidation resistant chromium alloy
US3015559A (en) * 1959-09-25 1962-01-02 Gen Electric Oxidation resistant chromium alloy
US3235380A (en) * 1965-03-26 1966-02-15 Bendix Corp Chromium-nickel alloy

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3816111A (en) * 1971-05-12 1974-06-11 Sulzer Ag Chromium-base alloy for making a chill-mold and a process of making same
US4025314A (en) * 1975-12-17 1977-05-24 The International Nickel Company, Inc. Nickel-chromium filler metal

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