US329776A - Eichaed s - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

B; S. ROBERTSON & L. B. FULTON.

GAS BURNER.

No. 329,776. I Patented Nov. 3, 1885.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD S. ROBERTSON AND LOUIS B. FULTON, OF PITTSBURG, PA.

GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 329,776, dated November 3, 1885.

Application filed September 30, 1884. Serial No. 144,608. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, Brennan S. Bonner, son and LoUIs B. FULTON, both of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and use-' ful Improvements in Natural-Gas Burners, and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form apart of this specification.

Our invention has relation to gas-burners adapted to be used where gas is employed as a fuel for heating purposes. In a great many cases gas,and particularly natural gas,is found to be far preferable to coal or other fuel, as being cleaner, more easily handled, and rendering easy the attainment of a high degree of heat within a very brief period after the gas has been ignited. In order, however, to use gas to best advantage and economically,it is necessary to provide a sufficient quantity of oxygen to properly support combustion. The usual manner of burning gas is to project a perforated pipe in through the door or wall of the furnace and depend on the draft created by the burning of the gas for the supply of air. In this manner a large and needless quantity of gas is wasted through imperfect combustion, passing off through the stack or chimney unconsumed, or being consumed in the lower part of the chimney or stack,where its consumption results in burning out and destroying the brick-work.

Our invention has for its object the provision of a novel and ingenious form of gas-burner, which will operate so as to cause the gas, in its passage through and exit from the same, toact upon the air, somewhat in the manner that the steam in an injector acts upon the water, and draw and force it into the burning-chamber of the furnace in a very large quantity.

Our invention has for its further object the provision of a gas-burner which will operate to furnish the required amount of air in proportion to the amount of gas used, and will cause the air and gas to be so intimately mixed and colnmingled that perfect combustion of the latter is assured.

Our invention has for its still further object the provision of means,in a gas-burner,for adjusting with great nicety the gas-openingwhen desired, and without the necessity of cutting off the gas or putting it out, the adjustment being accomplished from without the furnace or other apparatus to which the burner may be attached.

Having for its end the accomplishment of the above-mentioned objects, our invention consists, first, in a gas-burner having a central annular gas-conduit, a surrounding'shell or casing and a pipe or nozzle secured to the casing and adapted to be connected with a reservoir of compressed air, steam, or other gaseous fluid, whereby the impelling force of the gas is augmented, and a correspondingly large supply of air is brought into contact therewith; secondly, in a gas-burner comprising a suitable shell or casing, an annular gasconduit having a free central opening, and a combining-tube attached to the casing surrounding the annular gas-exit, and provided with ports for the admission of air thirdly, in a gas-burner comprising a suitable casing containing an annular gas-conveying conduit having a free central orifice, the interior wall of said conduit being adj ustable longitudinally, so as to regulate the size of the gas port or exit fourthly, in a gas-burner consisting of a suitable casing containing an annular gas-com ducting tube and a central opening for the admission of air, in combination with a com bining tube attached to said casing, and provided with air ports and deflectors for inducing the entrance of air through said ports; fifthly, in the peculiar construction, combination, and arrangement of parts hereinafter described,and shown in the accompanying drawings, Wherein- Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section; Fig. 2, a transverse section on the line 1 2 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 an enlarged section of a portion of the burner.

Referring to the drawings, wherein corresponding parts are designated by the same letters of reference, A designates the shell or casing formingthe main body of the burner, and B the pipe for conveying the gas to the same, which is screwed into one side of the casing A.

O designates the combining-tube, consisting of a thin tube of metal or other suitable material, which is also screwed into casing A at right angles to gas-pipe B. The end of the casing A opposite to the combining-tube O is reduced and screw-threaded, and receives a tube, D, that is similarly screw-threaded. This tube D forms the interior wall of the gas-conduit, and is shown in enlarged section at Fig. 3 of the drawings. Said tube is open through out, and is provided at its outer end with a hand-wheel, (l, by means of which it is screwed into and out of the casing A. Ajam-nut, E, having a handle, e, is fitted on the screwthreaded portion of the tube D, so as to fix it in any position to which it may be adjusted. At its inner end the tube D is turned off, so as to taper down to an edge, as shown in Fig. 8 at d, and at its outer end a spider, F, is formed or attached, which carries a loose collar, f, and in said collar is fitted a pipe or nozzle, G, connected by means of a suitable flexible coupling-tube, 5 with a reservoir or other suitable device for supplying air, steam, or other fluids under pressure.

H designates a hollow conical plug, which is screwed into the larger end of easing A, just inside of the end of the combining-tube O. The tapering portion of the plug H is slightly concaved inwardly, and the small end of the plug is formed with an opening, h, which is slightly larger in diameter than the end of the tube D.

The casing A, tube D, and plug H form a chamber, (lettered I,) into which the gas enters through the supply-pipe B, and the space between the end of the tube D and the central opening of tube H forms the annular gasexit.

Within the combining-tube G are set a number of sectional guiding-tubes, G O O, at short distances apart. These tubes each increase in their interior diameter from the tube G to the tube 0 and are bell-mouthed or flared at the end nearest the casing A, and are each provided at that end with backwardly-turned flanges c c c, which fit smoothly within the combining-tube G, and serve to center the tubes 0 G O therein. Set-screws maybe, if desired, passed through the tube 0 and into the tubes 0 O 0 so as to retain the latter firmly in position.

In front of each of the tubes 0 OGflandat the end of the last tube, 0 the tube 0 is perforated with holes a e e, for the admission of air.

When the gas is supplied at low pressure, or it is found by any reason that the air-supply is insufficient for the production of the best result, it will be found desirable toconnect the nozzle G with a suitable apparatus for supplying air, steam, or other fluid or gas, so as to create an exhaust within the tube D;

but in most cases the nozzle may be entirely dispensed with.

Operation: Gas being turned on and admitted to the chamber I, escapes in an annular stream or sheet through the orifice h into and through the combining-tube 0. As it passes out the opening, it creates avacuum in the tube D, and air is drawn in in large quantity through said tube D, and mingles with the gas in the tube 0. As the combined gas and .air pass into the bell-mouth of each of the tubes 0 O C, it creates a vacuum around the edge of the mouth and inside the holes 6 e e. The air then entering these holes is drawn through the tubes 0 C C, and goes to swell the volume of gas and air issuing from the end of the combining-tube. It will be ob served that the air is thus supplied both within and without the annular gas-supplying orifice, and in such large quantity as to insure per-feet combustion. reason to increase or decrease the gas-supply, it is only necessary to loosen the jam-nut E and turn the hand-wheel d, so as to move the tube D farther into or out of the opening H. In certain cases it is desirable to be able to control the amount of air admitted to the burner, and to regulate the relative proportions of air and gas, so as to furnish less air If it is found desirable for any than is required to produce perfect combustion. Notably is this the casein certain stages of the puddling process,whe're it is sometimes desirable to produce a smoky flame.

When it isde'sired, therefore, to reduce the proportions of air and gas without increasing the supply of the latter, a number of the ports 0 e 0 may be closed up in any suitable manner-as,

for instance, by a band or hands surrounding the tube 0, and adapted to slide thereon, so as to close said'ports.

Among the advantages of our invention probably the most prominent is that we are enabled to produce an intense heat with a comparatively small amount of gas, using only air at its normal temperature, and thereby dispensing with the complex system of fines, checker-work, &c., now usually employed in connection with furnaces using gas as a heating medium.

Having described our invention, we claim 1. In a device adapted to burn gas under pressure, the combination of a gas-chamber communicating with the gas-supply'and having a conical head with central opening, a

central tube therein communicating externally with the atmosphere and internally'projectin'g forward into said conical head, with an annular'gas-orifice between the said tube and conical head, and a combining -tube adapted to admit air and consisting of 'acylinder'containing two or more'cylindrical sections of different diameters,,said combiningtube being perforated, substantially "as described, wherebyan annular gas-jet is formed and supplied and mingled with air both from the inside and outside.

2. In a gas-burner having a gas-chamber In testimony that we claim the foregoing as IO and an annular outlet leading into a comour own we have hereto afiixed our signatures bining-tube, which is provided with ports for in presence of two witnesses. the admission of air, the combination there- T 5 with of two or more cylindrical sections hav- E% %Qi f Q E$ ing flaring mouths, and being of different diameters, fitted into or constructed in said \Vitnesses: combining-tube, substantially as and for the LoUIs MOESER, purpose described. Jos. B. OONNOLLY.

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