US3293019A - Method for reshaping glass articles - Google Patents
Method for reshaping glass articles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3293019A US3293019A US306785A US30678563A US3293019A US 3293019 A US3293019 A US 3293019A US 306785 A US306785 A US 306785A US 30678563 A US30678563 A US 30678563A US 3293019 A US3293019 A US 3293019A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- glass
- flame
- force
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/26—Punching reheated glass
Definitions
- glass tubing 10 is suspended with its axis substantially horizontal.
- Gas-air-oxygen burner 11 is located beneath the tubing. Air, combustible gas and oxygen are supplied to burner 11 through inlets 12, 13 and 14, respectively. After entering inlet 14, oxygen passes through conduit 15, which is provided with solenoid valve 16 and needle valve 17. Similarly, the combustible gas passes through conduit 18, which contains solenoid valve 19 and needle valve 20. After entering inlet 12, air passes through each of conduits 21 and 22. Conduit 21 contains solenoid valve 23 and needle valve 24, and conduit 22 contains solenoid valve 25 and needle valve 26.
- the needle valves are provided for the purpose of regulating the flow rates of the respective gases to burner 11.
- the solenoid valves permit the respective flows to be turned on and 011 as required.
- the respective gases are supplied to inlets 12, 13 and 14.
- Solenoid valves 16, 19 and 25 are open, while solenoid valve 23 is closed.
- the respective needle valves are adjusted to permit flows of the respective gases to provide a burner velocity which will produce sufficient force on the glass tubing after it has been heated to force the heated portion of the tubing upward.
- the force of the burner flame causes the softened portion of the tubing to move upwardly. As the softened portion moves and the distance between the burner and the softened glass increases, the force exerted by the burner flame on the soft glass decreases until this force is equal to the force of gravity upon the softened glass.
- the respective gases may be supplied to the inlets at various pressures and the respective needle valves adjusted to provide various flow rates depending upon the size and thickness of the glass object being reshaped and the size of the depression which it is desired to form in the object and can easily be determined by experimentation, the following is provided as a specific example of a preferred embodiment of the invention:
- Glass tubing 10 may be a section of borosilicate glass tubing two inches in outer diameter and having a thickness of 0.112 inch.
- Burner 11 may comprise a plate having therein three rows of holes for the escape of gas therefrom. The rows may consist of sixteen holes of approximately 0.050 inch in diameter, the centers of the holes being spaced approximately inch apart along the rows and A; inch between the rows. Air, gas and oxygen may be supplied to the respective inlets at pressures of 25, 20 and 25 pounds per square inch, and needle valves 17, 20, 26 and 24 may be adjusted to provide flow rates of 28, 35, 199 and 8 cubic feet per hour, respectively.
- a generally oval-shaped depression having a major axis approximately 1.89 inches, a minor axis of approximately 1.10 inches and a depth of approximately 0.55 inch will be formed when solenoid valves 16, 19 and 25 remain open to pro- .vide a burner flame for 35 seconds, and subsequently solenoid valves 16 and 19 are closed and solenoid valve 23 is opened to provide cooling air for approximately 5 seconds.
- the present invention may equally well be utilized to reshape various glass articles other than glass tubing.
- the described apparatus may be utilized for forming variously shaped depressions in various articles with only slight modification of the apparatus.
- the needle valves may be reset in order to provide appropriate gas flow rates, and variously shaped burners may be employed in order to produce depressions of various shapes. It will be apparent that the present process permits the forming of variously shaped depressions in variously shaped objects without requiring the fabrication of individual molding apparatus for the formation of each such depression, as generally required by conventional mechanical reshaping methods.
- an air-gas-oxygen burner has been illustrated as the preferred means for heating and reshaping glass, it will be understood that other means, such as plasmajet arcs, may be employed for heating a localized area of a glass article and propelling a stream of gas against the area to form a depression therein.
- the method of reshaping a glass article which comprises the steps of directing against a bottom surface of a portion thereof a burner flame having heat and force sutficient to soften said portion and displace said portion upwardly and subsequently substituting for said burner flame a cooling gas having a force sufficient to maintain said portion in an upwardly displaced position until said portion has hardened in said position.
- the method of reshaping a glass article which comprises the steps of heating a portion thereof to soften said portion, directing gas from beneath against said portion while said portion is soft with force suflicient to displace said portion upwardly and subsequently directing cooling gas against said portion from beneath with the force suflicient to maintain said portion displaced upwardly until it has hardened.
- the method of forming a depression in glass pipe which comprises the steps of directing from beneath said pipe against a portion thereof a burner flame having heat and force sufficient to soften said portion and to cause it to move upwardly and subsequently directing against said portion from the bottom thereof cool gas having a force sufficient to maintain said portion in an upwardly displaced position until said portion has hardened in said position.
- the method of reshaping a glass article which comprises the steps of supporting said article With a portion thereof oriented substantially horizontally, directing against a bottom surface of said portion a burner flame having sufficient heat and force to soften said portion and to displace said portion upwardly and subsequently substituting for said burner flame a cool 'gas having a force sufficient to maintain said portion in an upwardly displaced position until said portion has hardened.
- the method of reshaping a glass article which comprises the steps of supporting said article with a portion thereof oriented substantially horizontally, locating a gas burner beneath said portion, directing a flame from said burner against a bottom surface of said portion with heat and force sufficient to soften said portion and to displace it upwardly, subsequently extinguishing said fiar'ne and providing a flow of cooling gas through said burner and against said portion with a force suflicient to maintain said portion displaced upwardly and maintaining said flow of cooling gas until said portion has hardened.
- the method of forming a depression in glass pipe which comprises the steps of supporting said pipe with its axis substantially horizontal, locating a gas burner beneath a portion of said pipe, directing a flame from said burner against the bottom of said portion with heatand force sufiicient to soften said portion and to displace it upwardly, and subsequently extinguishing said flame and providing a flow of cooling gas through said burner and against said portion with a force suflicient to main tain said portion displaced upwardly until said portion has hardened.
- the method of reshaping a glass article which comprises the steps of directing against a bottom surface of a portion thereof a burner flame having heat and force suflicient to soften said portion and displace said portion upwardly, maintaining said burner flame against said surface until said surface has been displaced upwardly to.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
Description
Dec. 20, 1966 rrsc ET AL 3,293,019
METHOD FOR RESHAPING GLASS ARTICLES Filed Sept. 5, 1965 IO 2 V 4 I2 AIR 7/ v; 2 22 /25 P fig l3 GAS :IO'QI l l6 l4 OXYGEN m V a e INVENTORS' Joseph E. Nifsche. Roy E. Smifh BY bum D. 7M
AGENT United States Patent 3,293,019 METHOD FOR RESHAPIN G GLASS ARTICLES Joseph E. Nitsehe, Corning, and Roy E. Smith, Horseheads, N.Y., assignors to Corning Glass Works, Coming, N.Y., a corporation of New York Filed Sept. 5, 1963, Ser. No. 306,785 9 Claims. (Cl. 65110) This invention relates to methods for reshaping glass articles.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for reshaping glass articles which does not necessi- These and other objects, which will be apparent from the following description, are accomplished, according to one embodiment of the invention, by heating a wall of a glass article from beneath the wall by means of a high-velocity flame until a portion of the wall is.
softened and displacd upwardly by the force of the burner flame and subsequently extinguishing the flame and replacing it by a jet of cooling gas at a velocity suificient to maintain the previously displaced portion of the thin wall in a shape differing from its original shape untilthe wall I has hardened.
The invention will be descn'bedwith reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a schematic view of apparatus for carrying out the present invention.
Referring to the drawing, glass tubing 10 is suspended with its axis substantially horizontal. Gas-air-oxygen burner 11 is located beneath the tubing. Air, combustible gas and oxygen are supplied to burner 11 through inlets 12, 13 and 14, respectively. After entering inlet 14, oxygen passes through conduit 15, which is provided with solenoid valve 16 and needle valve 17. Similarly, the combustible gas passes through conduit 18, which contains solenoid valve 19 and needle valve 20. After entering inlet 12, air passes through each of conduits 21 and 22. Conduit 21 contains solenoid valve 23 and needle valve 24, and conduit 22 contains solenoid valve 25 and needle valve 26.
The needle valves are provided for the purpose of regulating the flow rates of the respective gases to burner 11. The solenoid valves permit the respective flows to be turned on and 011 as required.
Initially, during the operation of the device, the respective gases are supplied to inlets 12, 13 and 14. Solenoid valves 16, 19 and 25 are open, while solenoid valve 23 is closed. The respective needle valves are adjusted to permit flows of the respective gases to provide a burner velocity which will produce sufficient force on the glass tubing after it has been heated to force the heated portion of the tubing upward. After the portion of tubing 10 adjacent to burner 11 has been heated sufficiently, the force of the burner flame causes the softened portion of the tubing to move upwardly. As the softened portion moves and the distance between the burner and the softened glass increases, the force exerted by the burner flame on the soft glass decreases until this force is equal to the force of gravity upon the softened glass. When this equilibrium has been reached, the softened portion of the tubing remains stationary. At this point, solenoid valves 16 and 19 are closed, extinguishing the burner flame, and solenoid valve 23 is opened in order to augment the flow of air to burner 11, thereby producing a flow of cooling air having a force substantially equal to that formerly provided by the flame. The flow of air is maintained until the tubing has hardened, at which time solenoid valves 23 and 25 are closed, and the process is complete.
Although the respective gases may be supplied to the inlets at various pressures and the respective needle valves adjusted to provide various flow rates depending upon the size and thickness of the glass object being reshaped and the size of the depression which it is desired to form in the object and can easily be determined by experimentation, the following is provided as a specific example of a preferred embodiment of the invention:
Although the invention has been described with reference to a process for forming a depression in a section of glass tubing, the present invention may equally well be utilized to reshape various glass articles other than glass tubing. The described apparatus may be utilized for forming variously shaped depressions in various articles with only slight modification of the apparatus. The needle valves may be reset in order to provide appropriate gas flow rates, and variously shaped burners may be employed in order to produce depressions of various shapes. It will be apparent that the present process permits the forming of variously shaped depressions in variously shaped objects without requiring the fabrication of individual molding apparatus for the formation of each such depression, as generally required by conventional mechanical reshaping methods.
Although an air-gas-oxygen burner has been illustrated as the preferred means for heating and reshaping glass, it will be understood that other means, such as plasmajet arcs, may be employed for heating a localized area of a glass article and propelling a stream of gas against the area to form a depression therein.
Inasmuch as the foregoing description has been provided solely as that of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is intended that the scope of the present invention be limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
We claim:
1. The method of reshaping a glass article which comprises the steps of directing against a bottom surface of a portion thereof a burner flame having heat and force sutficient to soften said portion and displace said portion upwardly and subsequently substituting for said burner flame a cooling gas having a force sufficient to maintain said portion in an upwardly displaced position until said portion has hardened in said position.
2. The method of reshaping a glass article which comprises the steps of heating a portion thereof to soften said portion, directing gas from beneath against said portion while said portion is soft with force suflicient to displace said portion upwardly and subsequently directing cooling gas against said portion from beneath with the force suflicient to maintain said portion displaced upwardly until it has hardened.
3. The method of forming a depression in glass pipe which comprises the steps of directing from beneath said pipe against a portion thereof a burner flame having heat and force sufficient to soften said portion and to cause it to move upwardly and subsequently directing against said portion from the bottom thereof cool gas having a force sufficient to maintain said portion in an upwardly displaced position until said portion has hardened in said position.
4. The method of reshaping a glass article which comprises the steps of supporting said article With a portion thereof oriented substantially horizontally, directing against a bottom surface of said portion a burner flame having sufficient heat and force to soften said portion and to displace said portion upwardly and subsequently substituting for said burner flame a cool 'gas having a force sufficient to maintain said portion in an upwardly displaced position until said portion has hardened.
5. The method of reshaping a glass article which comprises the steps of supporting said article with a portion thereof oriented substantially horizontally, locating a gas burner beneath said portion, directing a flame from said burner against a bottom surface of said portion with heat and force sufficient to soften said portion and to displace it upwardly, subsequently extinguishing said fiar'ne and providing a flow of cooling gas through said burner and against said portion with a force suflicient to maintain said portion displaced upwardly and maintaining said flow of cooling gas until said portion has hardened.
6. The method according to claim 5 in which air, 0xygen and a combustible gas are supplied to said burner to provide said flame, and said flame is extinguished by interrupting the flow of said combustible gas to said burner.
7. The method of forming a depression in glass pipe which comprises the steps of supporting said pipe with its axis substantially horizontal, locating a gas burner beneath a portion of said pipe, directing a flame from said burner against the bottom of said portion with heatand force sufiicient to soften said portion and to displace it upwardly, and subsequently extinguishing said flame and providing a flow of cooling gas through said burner and against said portion with a force suflicient to main tain said portion displaced upwardly until said portion has hardened.
8. The method according to claim 7 in which air, oxygen and a combustible gas are supplied to said burner to provide said flame and said flame is extinguished by interrupting the flow of said combustible gas to said burner.
9. The method of reshaping a glass article which comprises the steps of directing against a bottom surface of a portion thereof a burner flame having heat and force suflicient to soften said portion and displace said portion upwardly, maintaining said burner flame against said surface until said surface has been displaced upwardly to.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,114,619 12/1963 Nitsche et al. 65-105 X DONALL H. SYLVESTER, Primary Examiner.
S. LEON BASHORE, Examiner.
' A. D. KELLOGG, Assistant Examiner.
2/1965 Olsen 285 X
Claims (1)
1. THE METHOD OF RESHAPING A GLASS ARTICLE WHICH COMPRISES THE STEPS OF DIRECTING AGAINST A BOTTOM SURFACE OF A PORTION THEREOF A BURNER FLAME HAVING HEAT AND FORCE SUFFICIENT TO SOFTEN SAID PORTION AND DISPLACE SAID PORTION UPWARDLY AND SUBSEQUENTLY SUBSTITUTING FOR SAID BURNER FLAME A COOLING GAS HAVING A FORCE SUFFICIENT TO MAINTAIN
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US306785A US3293019A (en) | 1963-09-05 | 1963-09-05 | Method for reshaping glass articles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US306785A US3293019A (en) | 1963-09-05 | 1963-09-05 | Method for reshaping glass articles |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3293019A true US3293019A (en) | 1966-12-20 |
Family
ID=23186829
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US306785A Expired - Lifetime US3293019A (en) | 1963-09-05 | 1963-09-05 | Method for reshaping glass articles |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3293019A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4184859A (en) * | 1978-06-09 | 1980-01-22 | International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation | Method of fabricating an elliptical core single mode fiber |
US4578101A (en) * | 1984-09-26 | 1986-03-25 | At&T Technologies, Inc. | Method for stretching a glass rod |
US4631079A (en) * | 1984-09-26 | 1986-12-23 | At&T Technologies, Inc. | Method for stretching a glass rod |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3114619A (en) * | 1961-11-03 | 1963-12-17 | Corning Glass Works | Forming holes in glass objects |
US3169657A (en) * | 1961-07-06 | 1965-02-16 | Duro Test Corp | Machine for forming lamp tubes and article formed thereby |
-
1963
- 1963-09-05 US US306785A patent/US3293019A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3169657A (en) * | 1961-07-06 | 1965-02-16 | Duro Test Corp | Machine for forming lamp tubes and article formed thereby |
US3114619A (en) * | 1961-11-03 | 1963-12-17 | Corning Glass Works | Forming holes in glass objects |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4184859A (en) * | 1978-06-09 | 1980-01-22 | International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation | Method of fabricating an elliptical core single mode fiber |
US4578101A (en) * | 1984-09-26 | 1986-03-25 | At&T Technologies, Inc. | Method for stretching a glass rod |
US4631079A (en) * | 1984-09-26 | 1986-12-23 | At&T Technologies, Inc. | Method for stretching a glass rod |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3236620A (en) | Glass blowing machine blowhead and article cooling tube combination | |
US3279906A (en) | Apparatus for press forming and tempering of glass | |
JPH05507055A (en) | Forming of glass sheets using the entire surface of the lower vacuum mold and the upper ring mold | |
US2398952A (en) | Apparatus for manufacturing silica glass | |
GB1063467A (en) | Production of smooth surfaces on vitreous bodies | |
GB1498184A (en) | Method and apparatus for forming glass-fibres | |
US2817928A (en) | Method for bending articles of glass or other thermoplastic materials | |
US3177060A (en) | Method of forming deep-sided vessels from thermoplastic sheets | |
US3293019A (en) | Method for reshaping glass articles | |
US3811857A (en) | Method for fire polishing optical glass lenses with plasma flames | |
US2945326A (en) | Apparatus for manufacturing glass beads | |
US3393062A (en) | Apparatus for and methods of toughening glass articles | |
GB671097A (en) | Improved method of and apparatus for the production of formed articles of glass | |
US3186815A (en) | Tempered glass | |
NO116133B (en) | ||
US3595725A (en) | Toughening glass in sheet form | |
US3114619A (en) | Forming holes in glass objects | |
US3387962A (en) | Method of bending and annealing glass sheets with supplemental cooling of hotter areas of the glass | |
US2106193A (en) | Method of making hollow glassware | |
US1848940A (en) | delpech | |
US2365967A (en) | Method of tempering glass | |
US2372215A (en) | Method for separating glass sheets and the like | |
US1626739A (en) | Method and apparatus for fire-finishing glass articles | |
US3476542A (en) | Apparatus for spray cooling glass sheets | |
US2313698A (en) | Reheating furnace |