US3292539A - Small shot cartridge case - Google Patents

Small shot cartridge case Download PDF

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Publication number
US3292539A
US3292539A US380614A US38061464A US3292539A US 3292539 A US3292539 A US 3292539A US 380614 A US380614 A US 380614A US 38061464 A US38061464 A US 38061464A US 3292539 A US3292539 A US 3292539A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
weight
polyethylene
carbon black
small shot
shot cartridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US380614A
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English (en)
Inventor
Behr Erich
Schinnerer Thomas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3292539A publication Critical patent/US3292539A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/26—Cartridge cases
    • F42B5/30—Cartridge cases of plastics, i.e. the cartridge-case tube is of plastics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S206/00—Special receptacle or package
    • Y10S206/819—Material

Definitions

  • a small shot cartridge must be usable at temperatures of from about 20 to about +50 C., i.e., its faultless operation within this temperature range must be absolutely guaranteed.
  • a plastic case is used for the cartridge, this means that the plastic must not become brittle at the low temperatures and should not lose its firmness and form stability at the high temperatures.
  • the plastic material must not absorb any water. At least, the plastic case should not swell. Additionally, the plastic in such cases must be chemically inert to the powder charge or charges in the cartridge.
  • the drawing shows one piece plastics cartridge case which is partly in section to show the specific plastics composition of the invention.
  • the cartridge case i.e., the shaft of the case and the base thereof, are made together of one piece, which is advisable because of the considerable savings in material and Working expenditures that can be attained thereby, the plastic material that is used must be so rigid in its formed shape and much have such notch-strength that the operation of the loader, feed mechanism and ejector of the weapon from which the cartridge is fired is flawless with absolute certainty within the temperature range indicated above.
  • the strength of the plastic must be great enough that the cartridge cases will be able to withstand ejection from these weapons without impairing their functioning by deformation or breakage.
  • small shot cartridge cases consisting of a case shaft made from a tough, solid, primarily crystalline polyethylene having a density of at least 0.94 after tempering and consisting of at least 90% of ethylene, whereby the polymer has a Z-dimensionallyoriented molecular structure which is stable up to temperatures of 65.6 C., the case shaft being used in conjunction with a metallic base or bottom piece.
  • a small shot cartridge case which is characterized by being manufactured in a single working step in one piece and consisting of cross-linked polyethylene, preferably carbon black-filled low-pressure polyethylene. It has surprisingly been found that this known material, which may be processed or treated in a simple manner according to conventional flow-molding techniques possesses to a high degree all the properties essential for use in small shot cartridge cases.
  • the low-pressure polyethylene that is used in producing the small shot cartridge cases of the present invention is well known in the art.
  • This type of polyethylene has a density of about 0.94 to 0.96 and a molecular weight in excess of 50,000.
  • Low-pressure polyethylene can be made by polymerizing ethylene at low pressures, e.g., about 100 to 200 pounds per square inch.
  • the low-pressure polyethylene is cross-linked by the addition of a suitable cross-linking agent.
  • a suitable cross-linking agent Organic peroxides are quite suitable for this purpose, especially those that decompose into oxy-radicals at high temperature. Peroxides containing an oxygen bonded to a tertiary carbon atom are particularly useful.
  • the preferred crosslinking agent is dicumyl peroxide.
  • cross-linking agents include, by way of example, di-t-butyl peroxide, di-t-amyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5'-di t butylperoxy hexane, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-t-butylperoxy hexyne, blS(dt-butyl-pisopropylbenzyl) peroxide, and bis(a-t-butyl-misopropylbenzyl) peroxide.
  • the carbon black used as a filler in the compositions of the present invention can be any of those well known in the art for such purposes.
  • the commercial carbon blacks prepared by the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon gases or liquids may be used.
  • Some of the carbon blacks that may be used satisfactorily include GPF (general purpose furnace), HAF (high abrasive furnace), SRF (semi-reinforcing channel), and HPC (hard processing channel) carbon blacks.
  • GPF general purpose furnace
  • HAF high abrasive furnace
  • SRF sini-reinforcing channel
  • HPC hard processing channel
  • very pure carbon black for example, 98% carbon and above, is preferred.
  • Furnace carbon blacks such as GPF black, having a pure carbon content of and above, small proportions of volatile constituents, and a pH of more than 6 are especially preferred.
  • the amount of cross-linking agent used in making the cr0ss-linked polyethylene small shot cartridge cases may be varied widely depending on the type of polyethylene used, the ratio of polyethylene to carbon black, and the cross-linking effectiveness of the peroxide. Generally, an amount of peroxide of from about 1 to 6%, based on the weight of the mixture, is effective. Preferably, an amount of peroxide of from 2 to 5%, based on the weight of the mixture, is used.
  • the amount of carbon black may vary from about 10 to 50%, based on the weight of the mixture, depending on the results desired. Preferably, an amount of 20 to 40% by weight of carbon black is used.
  • the optimum amounts of the various constituents forming the mixtures from which the small shot cartridge cases of the present invention are made depend upon the particular ingredients used, the time and temperature of treatment, and the degree of cure desired in the polymer.
  • Admixture of the components can be effected by any of the conventional methods, for example, working on a roller mill, in a Banbury mixer, in a kneader, etc.
  • the polyethylene is added first, then the carbon black, and the cross-linking agent last.
  • the polyethylene and carbon black are admixed at temperatures above the softening point of the polyethylene.
  • the peroxide is worked in at temperatures of, for example, 110 to 130 C.
  • the mixing of the components may be accomplished over a wide range of temperatures but care should be exercised in preventing scorching. In general, blending is carried out at a temperature just below the activation temperature of the peroxide or cross-linking agent used.
  • the composition is molded in a conventional manner to give the desired small shot cartridge case in one piece and in one working operation.
  • the temperature at which the molding operation is efiected can vary, but, usually, the molds are pre-heated and the molding operation is carried out at around 180 C. Molding pressures, of from about 500 to 1500 kg./cm. are suitable. Curing of the composition can be accomplished at ordinary pressures or at super-atmospheric pressures, such as from 10 to 1,000 pounds per square inch or more in the mold or press used to make the cartridge cases. Generally, the cure takes place at temperatures of between 150 and 200 C. The curing time is dependent upon the wall thickness of the cartridge cases and varies from 30 to 60 seconds per millimeter of wall thickness.
  • a shot cartridge comprising a case shaft and a base of a carbon black filled cross-linked low pressure polyethylene both formed as one homogeneous part consisting essentially of:
  • a shot cartridge comprising a case shaft and a base, of a carbon black filled, cross linked low pressure polyethylene both formed as one homogeneous part, consisting essentially of:
  • a shot cartridge comprising a case shaft and a base of a carbon black filled, cross linked low pressure polyethylene both formed as one homogeneous part consisting essentially of:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
US380614A 1963-07-09 1964-07-06 Small shot cartridge case Expired - Lifetime US3292539A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED0041939 1963-07-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3292539A true US3292539A (en) 1966-12-20

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ID=7046450

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US380614A Expired - Lifetime US3292539A (en) 1963-07-09 1964-07-06 Small shot cartridge case

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3292539A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE650137A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH424543A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1398289A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1068627A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6405305A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3513776A (en) * 1968-04-11 1970-05-26 Allied Res Ass Inc Consumable cartridge case
US3981402A (en) * 1974-02-26 1976-09-21 Merck & Co., Inc. Pellet dispenser
DE3228736A1 (de) * 1982-07-31 1984-02-02 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Munition, insbesondere raketen, mit kunststoff-aussenhuelle
US20040020547A1 (en) * 2002-07-23 2004-02-05 Mahabir Carl M. Carbon black-containing crosslinked polyethylene pipe having resistance to chlorine and hypochlorous acid
US20040045619A1 (en) * 2002-07-23 2004-03-11 Backman Arthur L. Crosslinked polyethylene pipe having a high Density polyethylene liner

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3149145C1 (de) * 1981-12-11 1983-08-25 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Verwendung von strahlenvernetztem Polyaethylen

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2825721A (en) * 1953-01-27 1958-03-04 Phillips Petroleum Co Polymers and production thereof
US2953990A (en) * 1953-12-11 1960-09-27 Olin Mathieson Ammunition

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2825721A (en) * 1953-01-27 1958-03-04 Phillips Petroleum Co Polymers and production thereof
US2953990A (en) * 1953-12-11 1960-09-27 Olin Mathieson Ammunition

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3513776A (en) * 1968-04-11 1970-05-26 Allied Res Ass Inc Consumable cartridge case
US3981402A (en) * 1974-02-26 1976-09-21 Merck & Co., Inc. Pellet dispenser
DE3228736A1 (de) * 1982-07-31 1984-02-02 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Munition, insbesondere raketen, mit kunststoff-aussenhuelle
US20040020547A1 (en) * 2002-07-23 2004-02-05 Mahabir Carl M. Carbon black-containing crosslinked polyethylene pipe having resistance to chlorine and hypochlorous acid
US20040045619A1 (en) * 2002-07-23 2004-03-11 Backman Arthur L. Crosslinked polyethylene pipe having a high Density polyethylene liner
US7086421B2 (en) * 2002-07-23 2006-08-08 Noveon Ip Holdings Corp. Crosslinked polyethylene pipe having a high density polyethylene liner
US7255134B2 (en) * 2002-07-23 2007-08-14 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Carbon black-containing crosslinked polyethylene pipe having resistance to chlorine and hypochlorous acid
US20080017268A1 (en) * 2002-07-23 2008-01-24 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Carbon Black-Containing Crosslinked Polyethylene Pipe Having Resistance To Chlorine And Hypochlorous Acid

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1068627A (en) 1967-05-10
BE650137A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1964-11-03
CH424543A (de) 1966-11-15
NL6405305A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1965-01-11
FR1398289A (fr) 1965-05-07

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