US3285014A - Ground reservoir for the storage of a liquefied gas - Google Patents

Ground reservoir for the storage of a liquefied gas Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3285014A
US3285014A US217652A US21765262A US3285014A US 3285014 A US3285014 A US 3285014A US 217652 A US217652 A US 217652A US 21765262 A US21765262 A US 21765262A US 3285014 A US3285014 A US 3285014A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
roof
lining
reservoir
hole
impervious
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US217652A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Nachshen Maurice
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Conch International Methane Ltd
Original Assignee
Conch International Methane Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Conch International Methane Ltd filed Critical Conch International Methane Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3285014A publication Critical patent/US3285014A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/005—Underground or underwater containers or vessels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H7/00—Construction or assembling of bulk storage containers employing civil engineering techniques in situ or off the site
    • E04H7/02—Containers for fluids or gases; Supports therefor
    • E04H7/18—Containers for fluids or gases; Supports therefor mainly of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0119—Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0337—Granular
    • F17C2203/0341—Perlite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0345—Fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0604—Liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0678—Concrete
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/011—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/043—Localisation of the filling point in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
    • F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0626—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0142—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed underground
    • F17C2270/0144—Type of cavity
    • F17C2270/0149—Type of cavity by digging cavities
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0142—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed underground
    • F17C2270/0157—Location of cavity
    • F17C2270/016—Location of cavity onshore

Definitions

  • This invention concerns a reservoir for the storage of a liquefied gas in which the gas is kept in a hole in the surface of the earth which has been adapted for this purpose.
  • liquefied gas means liquid that boils at atmospheric pressure at a temperature below the ambient temperature, for example liquefied natural gas, methane, ethane, propane, oxygen or nitrogen.
  • a reservoir for the storage of a liquefied gas comprises a hole in the surface of the earth having an impervious lining to its side walls and a bottom consituted by an impervious ground layer; a thermally insulated roof completely covering the hole; a gas vent; and conduit means for charging or discharging the reservoir.
  • the invention enables advantage to be taken of widely available types of geological structure, namely pervious ground layers with impervious ground layers underneath.
  • the impervious ground layer can be any impervious ground layer, namely an impervious clay or rock.
  • a dried up river bed havinga layer of gravel over a layer of rock is an example of a formation where a reservoir according to the invention could be constructed.
  • a reservoir according to the invention can be rectangular or square, but it is preferably cylindrical, and it can be very large, for example, 200 feet wide and 100 feet deep.
  • the hole in the surface of the occurring hole or it can be made artificially by any of various methods, for example by either excavating the hole as such or excavating a perimetric trench having a bottom constituted by an impervious ground layer, placing in the trench the lining for the side walls of the hole, and excavating earth enclosed by the lining.
  • the hole may not merely reach but can extend into the impervious ground layer, and the extension of the hole or a lower part thereof can be narrower than the part of the hole above the impervious ground layer, so as to provide a step to support the lining and into which the lining can be caulked and grouted when necessary, for example when the lining is made from metal.
  • the impervious lining can be jointless or consist of sections joined together at air and liquid tight joints, and it can be of any thickness appropriate to the surrounding ground layer or layers.
  • Preferred impervious linings are made from concrete or a suitable metal such as aluminum or steel. If desired, the lining can extend to a depth below the bottom of the hole.
  • the lining can have on its inside or outside or both a layer of thermal insulation (for example, fibre glass, foam plastic for instance polystyrene or polyurethane foam, paper honeycomb or perlite), which can have a seal coat of, for example, mastic.
  • the insulation can extend partly or wholly over the respective surfaces; for example, thermal insulation on the outside of the lining can extend from the top of the lining to the beginning of the impervious ground layer.
  • the thermally insulated roof can be integral with the lining and of the same material.
  • the bottom of the lining be caulked and grouted into the impervious ground layer. Any space between the lining or the insulation, if present on the outside of the lining,
  • earth can be a naturally vit can be of any appropriate 3,285,914 Patented Nov. 15, 1966 "ice and the side walls of the hole should be kept as small as possible, and is for example filled up with concrete or liquid cement grout.
  • method A comprises excavating a perimetric trench having a bottom constituted by an impervious ground layer, pumping out any water present in the trench, supporting the sides of the trench if necessary, and filling up the trench with concrete and allowing it to harden into a monolithic structure; supports (for example, concrete or timber) used to support the sides of the trench can be removed as the concrete is added or they can be left in place.
  • supports for example, concrete or timber
  • a second suitable method, method B is similar to method A, but, instead of using supports to support the sides of the trench, the trench is kept full with a heavy mud (for example, drilling mud), and concrete is injected into the trench, thereby displacing the heavy mud.
  • a heavy mud for example, drilling mud
  • reinforcements can be embedded in the concrete during construction of the lining.
  • the lining can also be made of a metal, suitable metals are for example stainless steel or steel.
  • a possible method for its construction comprises excavating the hole in the surface of the earth as such, pumping out any water present in the hole, supporting the sides of the hole if necessary, and fabricating the lining in situ. When a metal lining is used it will in most cases be necessary to reinforce it by suitable webs fixed to the inside or the outside of the lining.
  • the thermally insulated roof can be jointless or consist of sections joined together at air or liquid tight joints, and
  • the thermally insulated roofs can be made from concrete or from metal (for example, aluminum or steel).
  • the roof can have on its inside or outside or both a layer of thermal insulation (for example, fibre glass, foam plastic for instance polystyrene or polyurethane foam, paper honeycomb or perlite), which can have a seal coat of, for example, mastic.
  • the insulation on the inside of the roof can be suspended therefrom by brackets, the space between the roof and the insulation adding to the insulation properties of the roof as a whole.
  • the roof can be integral with the impervious lining and of the same material, thereby avoiding problems of the anchorage of the roof.
  • the roof can be joined to the impervious lining in situ, if desired.
  • the gas vent leads gas produced in the reservoir to a disposal point or recovery plant, and is preferably fitted with a pressure control device for controlling the pressure of gas in the reservoir. It is conveniently fitted in the roof.
  • the conduit means can be of any suitable type; for example, a single conduit leading to the bottom of the hole in the surface of the earth can be used for charging or discharging the reservoir. Discharge of the reservoir can be effected by any suitable pumping system for example by a gas lift system, or by a submerged pump connected to an outlet conduit.
  • the conduit means can pass through the roof, preferably through a trunk, or they can pass through tunnels in the sides of the hole up to the surface of the earth.
  • FIGURES 1, 2 and 3 are vertical sections of different cylindrical reservoirs according to the invention.
  • hole 1 of the reservoir has been constructed in surface of the earth 2 by constructing a concrete lining 3 according to method B described above, and excavating earth enclosed by the lining.
  • the bottom of the hole is constituted by impervious clay 4.
  • the hole is completely covered by a steel roof 5 with a layer of .polysure of gas in the reservoir.
  • styrene foam 6 suspended therefrom by brackets 7.
  • the space between the roof and the foam adds to the insulation properties of the roof as a whole.
  • the roof and the insulation are built a small way into the surface of the earth.
  • the discharge conduit is fitted with a pump 10.
  • a gas vent 11 in the roof allows exit of gas produced in the reservoir, and is fitted with a pressure control device 12 or controlling the pressure of gas in the reservoir.
  • the optimum liquid level is shown at 13.
  • hole 15 of the reservoir has been constructed by direct excavation in surface of the earth 16.
  • the side walls of the hole have a steel lining 17 .provided on its outside with a layer of polyurethane foam 18 having a seal coat of mastic 19.
  • the lining extends into rock 20, and its lower part is caulked and grouted into the rock, which constitutes the bottom of hole 15.
  • the narrow space between the side walls and the foam is filled up with concrete 21 or liquid cement grout.
  • Integral with the lining is a steel roof 22.
  • the lining 17 and the roof 22 are made from steel plates welded together.
  • the layer of polyurethane foam on the otuside of the lining is continued over the outside of the roof.
  • Passing through the roof is a single conduit 23, which can be used either for charging the reservoir through branch 24 or for discharging the reservoir through branch 25, dis-charge being effected by a gas lift system.
  • a gas vent 26 in the roof allows exit of gas produced in the reservoir, and is fitted with a pressure control device 27 for controlling the pres- The optimum liquid level is shown at 28.
  • hole 30 of the reservoir has been constructed by direct excavation in surface of the earth 31, and it not merely reaches but extends into rock 32.
  • the rock line is shown at 33.
  • the lower part of the extension of the hole is of reduced diameter, so as to provide a step into which the lower part of a steel lining 35 is side walls of the hole, of its outside with a layer of polystyrene foam 36 having a seal coat of mastic 37.
  • the space between the side walls and the foam and the lining, where not covered by foam, is filled up with concrete 38.
  • Integral with the lining is a steel roof 39.
  • the lining 35 and the roof 39 are made from steel plates welded together.
  • the layer 36 of polystyrene foam on the outside of the lining 35 is con- Passing through the roof is a single conduit 40, which can be used either for charging the reservoir through branch 41 or for discharging the reservoir through branch 42, discharge being allows exit of gas produced in the reservoir, and is fitted with a pressure control device 44 for controlling the pressure of gas in the reservoir.
  • the optimum liquid level is shown at 45.
  • a reservoir for the storage of liquefied gas, at a temperature far below ambient temperature comprising a fluid-impervious fabricated enclosure wall which is structurally rigid at all ambient temperatures completely lintight sealing engagement with a fluid-impervious natural ground stratum, constituting the bottom of the reservoir for direct retaining and supporting engagement with liquid gas to be stored in said reservoir; said wall defining with said stratum a fluid-impervious, water-free storage reservoir; a fiuid-and-vapor tight roof, substantially at the surface of the earth, completely covering the storage reservoir and sealing the interior thereof from the ambient atmosphere, a gas vent in fluid communication with said storage reservoir having a pressure control device therein for controlling the vapor pressure within the storage reservoir, and conduit means in fluid communication with said storage reservoir for charging into and discharging from the storage reservoir a liquefied gas.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
US217652A 1962-05-24 1962-08-17 Ground reservoir for the storage of a liquefied gas Expired - Lifetime US3285014A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB20017/62A GB934030A (en) 1962-05-24 1962-05-24 Ground reservoir for the storage of a liquefied gas

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3285014A true US3285014A (en) 1966-11-15

Family

ID=10138968

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US217652A Expired - Lifetime US3285014A (en) 1962-05-24 1962-08-17 Ground reservoir for the storage of a liquefied gas

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3285014A (en))
BE (1) BE632729A (en))
ES (1) ES288253A1 (en))
FR (1) FR1354532A (en))
GB (1) GB934030A (en))
NL (1) NL291367A (en))
OA (1) OA00455A (en))

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3407606A (en) * 1966-02-14 1968-10-29 Inst Gas Technology Underground cavern storage for liquefied gases near atmospheric pressure
US4224770A (en) * 1978-12-12 1980-09-30 Wayside Manufacturing Co., Inc. Outdoor grain pit cover
US5333465A (en) * 1992-04-30 1994-08-02 Mcbride Terry R Underground storage system for natural gas
CN104018717A (zh) * 2014-04-28 2014-09-03 中国大唐集团新能源股份有限公司 一种压气储能洞室的施工方法
US11028611B2 (en) * 2019-07-03 2021-06-08 Shahriar Eftekharzadeh Underground watersilo
CN114526440A (zh) * 2022-03-17 2022-05-24 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 一种岩层储氢装置和方法
CN114738657A (zh) * 2022-04-02 2022-07-12 中山先进低温技术研究院 一种低温液体地下冰穴储能装置和方法

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1467121A (en) * 1921-12-05 1923-09-04 Julian C Smith Heat-insulated structure
US1561260A (en) * 1923-05-08 1925-11-10 Mallery Ellis Method and apparatus for storing oil
US2332227A (en) * 1942-01-31 1943-10-19 Pittsburgh Des Moines Company Insulated container with heated bottom
US2333315A (en) * 1938-09-05 1943-11-02 Svenska Entreprenad Aktiebolag Construction of underground tanks for storing liquid fuels and other fluids
US2777295A (en) * 1952-09-12 1957-01-15 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Concrete reservoir for liquefied gases
US2880593A (en) * 1956-02-08 1959-04-07 Exxon Research Engineering Co Method and equipment for handling volatile liquid hydrocarbons
US2962183A (en) * 1957-11-14 1960-11-29 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerator cabinet
US2961840A (en) * 1957-08-12 1960-11-29 Phillips Petroleum Co Storage of volatile liquids
US3047184A (en) * 1960-01-15 1962-07-31 Shell Oil Co Storage tank
US3076317A (en) * 1960-09-26 1963-02-05 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Insulating foundation for cryogenic storage tank
US3092933A (en) * 1961-07-07 1963-06-11 Preload Corp Storage structure
US3151416A (en) * 1961-05-15 1964-10-06 Inst Gas Technology Method of constructing a liquefied gas container
US3195310A (en) * 1961-10-02 1965-07-20 Continental Oil Co Storage installation and sealing method therefor
US3205665A (en) * 1962-01-16 1965-09-14 Morse F Van Horn Underground storage of liquefied gases

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1467121A (en) * 1921-12-05 1923-09-04 Julian C Smith Heat-insulated structure
US1561260A (en) * 1923-05-08 1925-11-10 Mallery Ellis Method and apparatus for storing oil
US2333315A (en) * 1938-09-05 1943-11-02 Svenska Entreprenad Aktiebolag Construction of underground tanks for storing liquid fuels and other fluids
US2332227A (en) * 1942-01-31 1943-10-19 Pittsburgh Des Moines Company Insulated container with heated bottom
US2777295A (en) * 1952-09-12 1957-01-15 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Concrete reservoir for liquefied gases
US2880593A (en) * 1956-02-08 1959-04-07 Exxon Research Engineering Co Method and equipment for handling volatile liquid hydrocarbons
US2961840A (en) * 1957-08-12 1960-11-29 Phillips Petroleum Co Storage of volatile liquids
US2962183A (en) * 1957-11-14 1960-11-29 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerator cabinet
US3047184A (en) * 1960-01-15 1962-07-31 Shell Oil Co Storage tank
US3076317A (en) * 1960-09-26 1963-02-05 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Insulating foundation for cryogenic storage tank
US3151416A (en) * 1961-05-15 1964-10-06 Inst Gas Technology Method of constructing a liquefied gas container
US3092933A (en) * 1961-07-07 1963-06-11 Preload Corp Storage structure
US3195310A (en) * 1961-10-02 1965-07-20 Continental Oil Co Storage installation and sealing method therefor
US3205665A (en) * 1962-01-16 1965-09-14 Morse F Van Horn Underground storage of liquefied gases

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3407606A (en) * 1966-02-14 1968-10-29 Inst Gas Technology Underground cavern storage for liquefied gases near atmospheric pressure
US4224770A (en) * 1978-12-12 1980-09-30 Wayside Manufacturing Co., Inc. Outdoor grain pit cover
US5333465A (en) * 1992-04-30 1994-08-02 Mcbride Terry R Underground storage system for natural gas
CN104018717A (zh) * 2014-04-28 2014-09-03 中国大唐集团新能源股份有限公司 一种压气储能洞室的施工方法
CN104018717B (zh) * 2014-04-28 2016-10-05 中国大唐集团新能源股份有限公司 一种压气储能洞室的施工方法
US11028611B2 (en) * 2019-07-03 2021-06-08 Shahriar Eftekharzadeh Underground watersilo
CN114526440A (zh) * 2022-03-17 2022-05-24 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 一种岩层储氢装置和方法
CN114738657A (zh) * 2022-04-02 2022-07-12 中山先进低温技术研究院 一种低温液体地下冰穴储能装置和方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE632729A (en)) 1900-01-01
FR1354532A (fr) 1964-03-06
NL291367A (en)) 1900-01-01
OA00455A (fr) 1966-05-15
ES288253A1 (es) 1963-12-16
GB934030A (en) 1963-08-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3407606A (en) Underground cavern storage for liquefied gases near atmospheric pressure
US3151416A (en) Method of constructing a liquefied gas container
US4056939A (en) Inflatable envelope systems for use in excavations
FI69503C (fi) Ytbelagd bergsbehaollare eller tunnel
US3159006A (en) Ground reservoir for the storage of liquefied gases
US3285014A (en) Ground reservoir for the storage of a liquefied gas
GB1314134A (en) Reservoir for storing a liquid
US3491540A (en) Method of storing liquids underground
US4136493A (en) Supporting structure for containers used in storing liquefied gas
US3354654A (en) Reservoir and method of forming the same
US2879646A (en) Underground storage of liquids
US3344607A (en) Insulated frozen earth storage pit and method of constructing same
US3175370A (en) Roofs for reservoirs
US2803114A (en) Underground storage system
FI108288B (fi) Menetelmä alhaisessa lämpötilassa kiehuville hiilivedyille tarkoitetun maanalaisen varastoluolan toiminnan käynnistämiseksi ja laitos alhaisessa lämpötilassa kiehuvien hiilivetyjen varastointia varten
CA1116877A (en) Subterranean storage of liquids
US3557558A (en) Insulating and waterproofing system for storage tanks
US4233789A (en) Storage tanks
NO148299B (no) Fremgangsmaate for separering av en smeltet blanding av oksydert ferrofosfor og raffinert ferrofosfor
JP3051895B2 (ja) 高圧気体貯蔵用岩盤タンク
US3360941A (en) Reservoir with seal for liquefied gas storage
US3287914A (en) Earthen storage for volatile liquids and method of constructing same
US3300982A (en) Storage of volatile liquids
RU2650441C2 (ru) Хранилище сжиженного природного газа
US3241707A (en) Ground storage unit with centersupported roof