US3281334A - Multistage evaporator construction - Google Patents

Multistage evaporator construction Download PDF

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Publication number
US3281334A
US3281334A US440539A US44053965A US3281334A US 3281334 A US3281334 A US 3281334A US 440539 A US440539 A US 440539A US 44053965 A US44053965 A US 44053965A US 3281334 A US3281334 A US 3281334A
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Prior art keywords
wall
units
multistage
unit
rear wall
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Expired - Lifetime
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US440539A
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English (en)
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William R Williamson
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AMF Inc
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AMF Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/06—Flash distillation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/06—Flash distillation
    • B01D3/065—Multiple-effect flash distillation (more than two traps)

Definitions

  • An object of this invention is to provide an inexpensive modular unit which may be assembled into a low to moderate capacity as well as a high capacity flash distillation apparatus.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a multistage distillation apparatus in which the sealing problem between stages is greatly simplified.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a multistage distillation apparatus having mechanically stacked flash chambers which can be assembled together to provide a unit of any desired capacity.
  • FIGURE 1 is a transverse vertical section through a multistage evaporator assembled from units according to this invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a longitudinal vertical section taken on line 2-2 of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is a horizontal section taken through a fragment of a multistage evaporator on line 3-3 of FIG- URE 1;
  • FIGURE 4 is a perspective view of a set of condensing coils removed from a unit of this invention
  • FIGURE 5 is a perspective view of a flash evaporator unit according to this invention.
  • FIGURE 6 is a trans-verse vertical section of an evaporator unit according to this invention.
  • FIGURES 1, 2 and 3 show the assembled units 10 which are joined together to form the multistage flash evaporator of this invention.
  • Each unit 10 has a rear wall 11 from which there projects the outer circumferential wall 12.
  • An inner wall 13 extends forward from rear wall 11 within the outer circumferential wall 12.
  • Each inner wall 13 defines a flash evaporating chamber and the space between the inner wall 13 and the outer circumferential wall 12 defines a condensing chamber.
  • An opening 14 having the inwardly and downwardly extending lips 15 is formed in the inner wall 13 to provide a communication between the evaporating and condensing chambers.
  • Each rear wall 11 contain-s an opening 16 through which heated liquid passes to flash into vapour in a subsequent evaporating chamber.
  • Two deflectors 17 and 18 extend upward from the bottom of each inner wall 13 about an opening 16. The deflectors 17 and 18 extend forward from a rear wall 11 and are inclined toward each other. The deflectors 17 and 18 do not extend completely the length of a unit 10 to contact an adjacent wall 11.
  • a curved baflle 19 extends forward from each rear wall 11 above the deflectors 17 and 18 below the opening 14.
  • a first end plate 20 has outer and inner walls 12 and 13, deflectors 17 and 18, and a curved baflle 19 extending from it.
  • the first end plate 20 is larger in diameter than the outer circumferential "ice walls 12.
  • a second end plate 21 is a disc which is also larger in diameter than the outer circumferential walls 12.
  • Tie bolts 22 extend between the first and second end plates beyond the outer circumferential walls 12 to hold together a number of the units 10 to form a distillation apparatus according to this invention.
  • gaskets 23 are placed in grooves in the edges of the outer circumferential walls 12.
  • the inner wall 13 of each unit 10 butts against a gasket 24 which may be glued or otherwise secured to the wall 11 of an adjacent unit 10.
  • the end of each curved bafie 19 also butts against a gasket 25 which provides a water tight seal against a wall 11.
  • the endmost unit 10 adjacent to the second end plate 21 may have an outer circumferential wall 12 which does not contain a groove but butts against a flat gasket 26.
  • Sets of condensing coils 27 are disposed in each condensing chamber formed between outer and inner walls 12 and 13.
  • Sets of condensing coils 27 each have two manifold-s 28 and 29 connected by a plurality of cooling coils 30.
  • the manifolds 28 have flared ends 31 which extend through the rear walls 11.
  • the projecting ends 32 of the manifolds 28 are sealed or closed.
  • the manifolds 29 may be welded or otherwise fixed to project from a rear wall 11 and have their projecting ends 33 open to receive flow.
  • the open ends 33 of each manifold 29 extend into the flared ends 31 of an adjacent manifold 28. Any other desired means, such as welding or standard couplings, may be used to connect the manifolds 28 and 29.
  • heated brine or any other fluid to be evaporated
  • pipe 36 is introduced through pipe 36 into the evaporating chamber of the first unit 10 formed by the end plate 20 and the inner wall 13 projecting from it.
  • the heated brine flashes into steam between the deflectors 17 and 18 below the baflle 19.
  • the heated fluid now slightly cooled, passes through the opening 16 into the next unit 10 to again flash into vapour.
  • the heated brine continues to successively flash into vapour until it is withdrawn through pipe 37 which passes through the second end plate 21 to enter the endmost unit 10.
  • the units 10 may be mechanically stacked in any desired number with their gaskets originally compressed by the tie bolts 22. In operation, the units 10 are further compressed by atmospheric pressure squeezing together the large diameter end plates 20 and 21 under the vacuum of operation. In small units having a capacity from to 2,000 gallons per day, four or more units 10 may be efficiently used which are only sixteen inches in diameter and four inches in length. This particular construction allows the use of relatively long condensing tubes 30 with a given size of evaporating chamber. Using this apparatus, it is possible to operate 1,000 gallons per day and smaller evaporators with temperature differences of less than two degrees F. between stages.
  • FIGURE 6 shows a one-stage unit 10' functionally similar to the unit 10 shown in FIGURE 1, but which is structurally modified to provide a simpler construction, easier assembly and better flow of control.
  • the parts of the structure of FIGURE 6, corresponding to those in FIGURE 1, have been given the corresponding prime reference numeral.
  • This cross section might be described as a modified D-shape lying on its side.
  • An advantage of this construction includes the ability to assemble the headers 28' and 29' of the heat exchangers in a self-supporting, interlocking and easily drainable manner.
  • a second advantage lies in the fact that the flat bottom surface affords a greater area over which flash can take place.
  • the opening 16 of FIGURE 1 can thus be modified into an elongated opening 16 shown in FIG- URE 6, lying along the bottom of the unit.
  • Deflector means can be employed in conjunction with opening 16' which will direct the fluid upward to baffle 19'.
  • the units 10 of this invention may be made of cast aluminium with aluminium sets of tubes 27.
  • the units 10 may also be made of plastic with metal condensing tubes 30. Since the intermediate stages are substantially identical, any desired number of stages may be arranged to give optimum efficiency and capacity in a given installation. Larger sizes of this invention could be fabricated from weldments which would be bolted or welded together.
  • the units 10 of this invention may be eflectively employed in apparatus having capacities ranging from 100 to 2,000,000 gallons per day.
  • a multistage flash evaporator having a plurality of substantially identical vertically oriented units stacked horizontally together, each of said units having a rear wall, an outer wall extending forward from said rear wall, an inner wall extending forward from said rear wall, said inner wall defining an evaporating chamber and said inner and outer walls defining, between them, a condensing chamber surrounding said evaporating chamber, each said rear wall containing an opening in the bottom of said evaporating chamber, each said rear wall containing an aperture in the bottom of said condensing chamber, said inner wall containing an upper opening for the passage of vapours into said condensing chamber and condensing coils in said condensing chamber.
  • a multistage flash evaporator as claimed in claim 2 wherein deflector plates are provided extending upward from said inner wall and forward from said rear wall on both sides of the opening in said rear wall, said deflector plates being located below said bafiie.
  • each of said sets of cooling coils comprises two manifolds extending longitudinally within said condensing chamber, and coils extending between said manifolds substantially about said inner wall within said condensing chamber.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
US440539A 1964-03-23 1965-03-17 Multistage evaporator construction Expired - Lifetime US3281334A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1218164 1964-03-23

Publications (1)

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US3281334A true US3281334A (en) 1966-10-25

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US440539A Expired - Lifetime US3281334A (en) 1964-03-23 1965-03-17 Multistage evaporator construction

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3281334A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1519552A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1051622A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6503411A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE326156B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3422887A (en) * 1967-06-19 1969-01-21 Graham Mfg Co Inc Condenser for distillation column
US3497422A (en) * 1966-10-06 1970-02-24 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Elongated tubular flash evaporator-condenser with spaced partitions
US3960668A (en) * 1974-07-03 1976-06-01 Rush Martin A Solar powered sea water evaporating and condensing unit
US4252677A (en) * 1979-12-04 1981-02-24 Xerox Corporation Preparation of colloidal dispersion of nickel, palladium and platinum by the polymer-catalyzed decomposition of carbonyl compounds thereof
US20080121379A1 (en) * 2006-11-28 2008-05-29 Otv Sa S.A. Evaporator
WO2017212147A1 (fr) 2016-06-06 2017-12-14 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé de construction ou de modification d'un appareil d'échange de matière et/ou de chaleur

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2944599A (en) * 1956-04-04 1960-07-12 Richardsons Westgarth & Co Flash evaporator
US3172824A (en) * 1964-10-20 1965-03-09 Evaporator construction
US3180805A (en) * 1961-09-01 1965-04-27 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Multi-stage flash evaporation system
US3192131A (en) * 1960-06-20 1965-06-29 Aqua Chem Inc Multi-stage flash evaporator with removable stages
US3197387A (en) * 1963-05-20 1965-07-27 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Multi-stage flash evaporators
US3213000A (en) * 1958-12-05 1965-10-19 Aqua Chem Inc Multiple stage flash evaporator

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2944599A (en) * 1956-04-04 1960-07-12 Richardsons Westgarth & Co Flash evaporator
US3213000A (en) * 1958-12-05 1965-10-19 Aqua Chem Inc Multiple stage flash evaporator
US3192131A (en) * 1960-06-20 1965-06-29 Aqua Chem Inc Multi-stage flash evaporator with removable stages
US3180805A (en) * 1961-09-01 1965-04-27 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Multi-stage flash evaporation system
US3197387A (en) * 1963-05-20 1965-07-27 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Multi-stage flash evaporators
US3172824A (en) * 1964-10-20 1965-03-09 Evaporator construction

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3497422A (en) * 1966-10-06 1970-02-24 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Elongated tubular flash evaporator-condenser with spaced partitions
US3422887A (en) * 1967-06-19 1969-01-21 Graham Mfg Co Inc Condenser for distillation column
US3960668A (en) * 1974-07-03 1976-06-01 Rush Martin A Solar powered sea water evaporating and condensing unit
US4252677A (en) * 1979-12-04 1981-02-24 Xerox Corporation Preparation of colloidal dispersion of nickel, palladium and platinum by the polymer-catalyzed decomposition of carbonyl compounds thereof
US20080121379A1 (en) * 2006-11-28 2008-05-29 Otv Sa S.A. Evaporator
WO2017212147A1 (fr) 2016-06-06 2017-12-14 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé de construction ou de modification d'un appareil d'échange de matière et/ou de chaleur
WO2017212145A1 (fr) 2016-06-06 2017-12-14 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Assemblage d'éléments modulaires de construction d'un appareil d'échange de masse et/ou de chaleur et procédé d'échange utilisant un assemblage
WO2017212144A1 (fr) 2016-06-06 2017-12-14 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Élément de construction d'un appareil d'échange de masse et/ou de chaleur, assemblage de deux éléments et procédé d'échange utilisant un assemblage
US11215395B2 (en) 2016-06-06 2022-01-04 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procedes Georges Claude Element for construction of a mass- and/or heat-exchange device, assembly of two elements and exchange method using an assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1051622A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL6503411A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1965-09-24
SE326156B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-07-20
DE1519552A1 (de) 1970-06-18

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