US3281065A - Gas compressors - Google Patents

Gas compressors Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3281065A
US3281065A US395251A US39525164A US3281065A US 3281065 A US3281065 A US 3281065A US 395251 A US395251 A US 395251A US 39525164 A US39525164 A US 39525164A US 3281065 A US3281065 A US 3281065A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
pistons
casing
rod
housing
cylinders
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US395251A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Chaffiotte Pierre Philippe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Transmission Systems SAS
Societe dExplotation des Materiels Hispano Suiza
Original Assignee
Hispano Suiza SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hispano Suiza SA filed Critical Hispano Suiza SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3281065A publication Critical patent/US3281065A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/12Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the oscillating-vane or curved-cylinder type
    • F15B15/125Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the oscillating-vane or curved-cylinder type of the curved-cylinder type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C9/00Oscillating-piston machines or engines
    • F01C9/002Oscillating-piston machines or engines the piston oscillating around a fixed axis
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/005Pumps with cylinder axis arranged substantially tangentially to a circle centred on main shaft axis
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/02Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders arranged oppositely relative to main shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/04Measures to avoid lubricant contaminating the pumped fluid
    • F04B39/041Measures to avoid lubricant contaminating the pumped fluid sealing for a reciprocating rod
    • F04B39/044Measures to avoid lubricant contaminating the pumped fluid sealing for a reciprocating rod sealing with a rolling diaphragm between piston and cylinder
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/04Measures to avoid lubricant contaminating the pumped fluid
    • F04B39/041Measures to avoid lubricant contaminating the pumped fluid sealing for a reciprocating rod
    • F04B39/047Sealing between piston and carter being provided by a bellow
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00Compressor arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C21/00Oscillating-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids

Definitions

  • This invention relates to gas compressors and more particularly to compressors used in hermetically sealed systems.
  • the present invention is directed towards fluid oompressing pumps employing one or several pistons oscillating in a hermetically sealed cylinder which completely isolates the circulating fluid from the region surrounding the system.
  • Such an arrangement is particularly desirable in systems for circulating refrigerants or noxious fluids.
  • Compressors of this type always present a sealing problem because the driven piston must be in contact with the fluid while the piston driving source is preferably placed outside the hermetically sealed region to facilitate repair and maintenance, with the result that, in order to convey mechanical power from the driving source to the piston, a hermetic connection must be created between a moving element and the stationary piston housing.
  • a further object herein is to increase the dependability of the flexible hermetic compressor seal.
  • the improved compressor of this invention comprises a pair of mobile pistons joined together by a rigid shaft for alternating movement in a hermetically sealed housing under the action of an oscillating driving rod passing through said housing and having its axis of oscillation situated in the vicinity of an orifice arranged in the housing wall for the passage of said rod, the impermeability of the housing, in the vicinity of the orifice, being assured by at least one deformable wall surrounding said orifice and attached in an impermeable manner to said housing and to said rod, this compressor being of particular interest because the arrangement of the pistons and their connecting shaft, as well as the cylinders in which the pistons move, have the form of a toroid Whose axis of revolution is coextensive with the axis of oscillation of said driving rod, the latter being rigidly connected to said arrangement of the pistons and their connecting shaft and, preferably, being supported by two pivot pins mounted on the extremities of a yoke, the axes of said pins forming the axis of oscillation of
  • FIG. 1 is a side, cross-sectional view of one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view, taken along a plane containing pivot axis X-X and perpendicular to that of FIG. 1, showing the structure of the pivot region for the driving rod.
  • the device shown in FIG. 1 comprises a unit consisting of two pistons 1 and 2 rigidly connected together by a connecting shaft 3.
  • the pistons are arranged so that each cooperates with a respective one of cylinders 4 having heads 5, the simultaneous movement of said pistons being such that the movement of one piston with respect to its cylinder head is in phase opposition to the corresponding movement of the other piston. Because of this relation between the piston movements, it results that the region enclosed by housing 6 and the facing ends of pistons 1 and 2 remains constant during the entire period of operation of the device. This region is supplied with gas to be compressed by inlet passage 7.
  • the compressor system shown in the drawings is connected to a circulation system and pistons 1 and 2 are arranged so that their alternating movements in their respective cylinders will cause gas in housing 6 to be drawn into the cylinders and then forced into the circulation system through the outlet pipes 8 connected to cylinder heads 5.
  • a distribution could, for example, comprise the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 as consisting of inlet valves 9 carried on pistons 1 and 2 and outlet valves 10 carried on cylinder heads 5.
  • These valves are simple pressure-actuated valves which are widely used in gas circulating systems and which are therefore neither shown nor described in detail in the present specification and drawings.
  • valve 9 will only open when the pressure existing in its respective cylinder is less than that existing in housing 6 and valve 10 will open only when the pressure in cylinder 4 is greater than that in pipe '8.
  • valve 9 will open only when its respective piston-cylinder unit is going through an expansion phase, so that the gas being circulated will flow from housing 6 to the interior of cylinder 4 during this phase, and valve 10 will open only during the compression phase of its respective pistoncylinder unit, permitting the gas in cylinder 4 to be forced into pipe 8.
  • Pistons 1 and 2 are driven, through the intermediary of their connecting shaft 3, by a suitable driving mechanism powered by a motor unit.
  • a motor unit is shown in FIG. 1 to consist of a crank shaft 11 driven excentrically by any suitable, commercially avail able motor (not shown) but its shaft is indicated by the shaft shown in broken lines slightly to the left of, and overlapping, shaft 11.
  • the motor unit is placed outside hermetically sealed housing 6, to facilitate maintenance, and may be housed, as shown, in socle 12.
  • Said driving mechanism comprises at least one oscillating rod 13 passing into housing 6 through an ovaloid orifice 14 arranged in the wall separating housing 6 from socle 12. Orifice 14 is made large enough to permit rod 13 to fully traverse its intended oscillating path.
  • the end of rod 13 which is disposed outside of housing 6 is pivotally connected, by means of a connecting rod 15, to crank shaft 11, while the other end of rod 13, the one inside housing 6, is rigidly connected to the midpoint of shaft 3.
  • the axis of rotation XX of oscillating rod 13 is located outside housing 6, and as close as possible to orifice 14.
  • the rod may advantageously be pivoted in the manner shown in detail in FIG. 2 in which the rod is supported by a pair of pivot pins 16 connected to the outer ends of an upwardly extending yoke 13a rigidly connected to rod 13.
  • the impermeability of housing 6 at the point of entry of rod 13 is effected by at least one deformable wall manner-to housing 6 and rod 13.
  • Such an arrangement could advantageously be constituted, as is shown in the figures, by a membrane or, preferably, a bellows-like sleeve 17 which, for example, may be made of a thin sheet of metal or other synthetic material which is resistant to deterioration due to the action of the gas being circulated.
  • This sleeve is preferably located between pins 16 and has its ends respectively connected in an impermeable manner, by cementing or welding for example, to housing 6 and rod 13.
  • a second sleeve 17a may be provided around sleeve 17 and fastened in exactly the same way as the latter.
  • the pistons 1 and 2, shaft 3 and cylinders 4 are all given the form of a circular toroid whose axis. of revolution coincides with the axis XX of oscillating rod 13, the latter being rigidly connected to the mobile unit composed of the pistons and shaft 3.
  • Rod 13 may be connected to this unit by being soldered, welded, or brazed, for example, to shaft 3.
  • pistons could be given a slight clearance around their entire circumference, thus eliminating all friction contact between adjacent surfaces.
  • piston rings 18 which are not radially loaded since pistons 1 and 2 are prevented, by their rigid connection to shaft 3, from moving off-center in such a way as to eliminate the clearance existing in any radial direction. Rings 18 therefore are only urged against the walls of the cylinder by their own radial elasticity and therefore create only small friction forces.
  • the pressure of the gas in housing 6 is substantially greater than atmospheric (30-50 atmospheres, for example).
  • the pressure of the fluid between bellows 17 and enclosure 19 may be controlled so as to vary as a function of the pressure in housing 6.
  • Another technique for protectingbellows 17 and 17a from damage due to excessive pressures would be to introduce a fluid through passage 6a into the annular space between the two bellows.
  • This fluid may be at a pressure which is midway between the pressure in housing 6 and that outside bellows 17, so that the pressure stresses are equally divided between the two bellows.
  • a compressor which comprises, in combination, a frame, a fluidtight casing fixed with respect to said frame, provided with a constantly open fluid inlet, two toroidal cylinders fixed within said casing having their respective walls located in the same toroidal surface, two cylinder heads rigid with said cylinders at the outer ends thereof, respectively, two toroidal pistons fitting slidably in said cylinders,
  • an inlet check .valve mounted in each of said pistons and adapted to open from the inside of said casing toward the inside of the corresponding cylinder, an outlet check valve mounted in each of said cylinder heads for the outflow of fluid from the corresponding cylinder, a rod interconnecting said two pistons, rigidly fixed thereto, a lever rigid with said r-od pivoted to said frame about the axis of said toroidal surface, and flexible sealing means interconnecting said lever and said casing for sealing said casing as said lever oscillates.
  • a compressor according to claim 1 further comprising, on the outside of said flexible sealing means, means forming a deformable fluidtight envelope secured at one end to said lever and at the other end to said casing, the space between said envelope and said sealing means being filled with a fluid under a pressure substantially equal to the fluid pressure in said casing.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
US395251A 1963-09-17 1964-09-09 Gas compressors Expired - Lifetime US3281065A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR947795A FR1376714A (fr) 1963-09-17 1963-09-17 Perfectionnements apportés aux compresseurs volumétriques alternatifs hermétiques, notamment à ceux à pistons

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3281065A true US3281065A (en) 1966-10-25

Family

ID=8812542

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US395251A Expired - Lifetime US3281065A (en) 1963-09-17 1964-09-09 Gas compressors

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3281065A (fr)
CH (1) CH408271A (fr)
FR (1) FR1376714A (fr)
GB (1) GB1029452A (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3524716A (en) * 1967-10-23 1970-08-18 Everett P Palmatier Absorption refrigeration system
US3599401A (en) * 1966-03-14 1971-08-17 Gen Electric Air filter system
US3731597A (en) * 1972-02-16 1973-05-08 Arcas Co Rotary operator
NL7415530A (nl) * 1973-11-29 1975-06-02 Tenfjord Mek Verksted Johan Oscillerende, door middel van een fluidum kracht-overbrengende aandrijving.
US4137020A (en) * 1976-12-26 1979-01-30 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Diaphragm type air pump
US4495771A (en) * 1982-06-04 1985-01-29 Creusot-Loire Stirling-cycle engine
US4861236A (en) * 1988-09-26 1989-08-29 Ryon Kustes Birotational pump
DE4118382A1 (de) * 1991-06-05 1992-12-10 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Dichtung fuer eine welle
US5387090A (en) * 1993-04-15 1995-02-07 Knf Neuberger Gmbh Two-stage positive displacement pump
US5794514A (en) * 1995-01-19 1998-08-18 S.A.I. Societa' Apparecchiature Idrauliche S.P.A. Volumetric machine with curved liners
US20180030974A1 (en) * 2016-07-27 2018-02-01 Hypobaric Labs Vacuum Sealable Container with Internal Pump Mechanism
US11333227B2 (en) * 2017-06-14 2022-05-17 Vat Holding Ag Assembly having a first chamber and at least one second chamber

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2065801B1 (es) * 1992-02-07 1997-04-16 Martinez Fco Javier Ruiz Bomba o compresor de embolos tangenciales.
DE602005011275D1 (de) * 2004-04-29 2009-01-08 Martinez Francisco Javier Ruiz Mechanismus zur energierückgewinnung bei selbstfahrenden fahrzeugen

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US74500A (en) * 1868-02-18 Taylor chambeelin and t
US263382A (en) * 1882-08-29 Force-pump
US487025A (en) * 1892-11-29 Fifth to martin schuster
US856215A (en) * 1906-09-27 1907-06-11 John Bergstrom Pump.
US1809577A (en) * 1929-03-02 1931-06-09 Oscillating Motors Company Internal combustion engine
US2853228A (en) * 1945-05-28 1958-09-23 Underwood Newton Oscillatory pump

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US74500A (en) * 1868-02-18 Taylor chambeelin and t
US263382A (en) * 1882-08-29 Force-pump
US487025A (en) * 1892-11-29 Fifth to martin schuster
US856215A (en) * 1906-09-27 1907-06-11 John Bergstrom Pump.
US1809577A (en) * 1929-03-02 1931-06-09 Oscillating Motors Company Internal combustion engine
US2853228A (en) * 1945-05-28 1958-09-23 Underwood Newton Oscillatory pump

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3599401A (en) * 1966-03-14 1971-08-17 Gen Electric Air filter system
US3524716A (en) * 1967-10-23 1970-08-18 Everett P Palmatier Absorption refrigeration system
US3731597A (en) * 1972-02-16 1973-05-08 Arcas Co Rotary operator
NL7415530A (nl) * 1973-11-29 1975-06-02 Tenfjord Mek Verksted Johan Oscillerende, door middel van een fluidum kracht-overbrengende aandrijving.
US3995536A (en) * 1973-11-29 1976-12-07 Johan Tenfjord Mek. Verksted Oscillating fluid-driven actuator
US4137020A (en) * 1976-12-26 1979-01-30 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Diaphragm type air pump
US4495771A (en) * 1982-06-04 1985-01-29 Creusot-Loire Stirling-cycle engine
US4861236A (en) * 1988-09-26 1989-08-29 Ryon Kustes Birotational pump
DE4118382A1 (de) * 1991-06-05 1992-12-10 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Dichtung fuer eine welle
US5387090A (en) * 1993-04-15 1995-02-07 Knf Neuberger Gmbh Two-stage positive displacement pump
US5584669A (en) * 1993-04-15 1996-12-17 Knf Neuberger Gmbh Two-stage positive displacement pump
US5794514A (en) * 1995-01-19 1998-08-18 S.A.I. Societa' Apparecchiature Idrauliche S.P.A. Volumetric machine with curved liners
US20180030974A1 (en) * 2016-07-27 2018-02-01 Hypobaric Labs Vacuum Sealable Container with Internal Pump Mechanism
US10829290B2 (en) * 2016-07-27 2020-11-10 Hbl Holdings, Llc Vacuum sealable container with internal pump mechanism
US11365041B2 (en) 2016-07-27 2022-06-21 Hbl Holdings, Llc Vacuum sealable container with internal pump mechanism
US11970328B2 (en) 2016-07-27 2024-04-30 Hbl Holdings, Llc Vacuum sealable container with internal pump mechanism
US11333227B2 (en) * 2017-06-14 2022-05-17 Vat Holding Ag Assembly having a first chamber and at least one second chamber

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1029452A (en) 1966-05-11
FR1376714A (fr) 1964-10-31
CH408271A (fr) 1966-02-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3281065A (en) Gas compressors
US3224378A (en) Fluid pressure piston seal and valve
US3884597A (en) Reciprocating pump
US3471079A (en) Reciprocating vacuum pump
US2831325A (en) Pump for liquefied gases
US3216651A (en) Seal
US4345880A (en) Multi-stage, reciprocating, positive displacement compressor
US1244160A (en) Engine or pump construction.
US3448918A (en) Discharge gas manifold construction for hermetic refrigerant compressor
US2027979A (en) Boot pump
US3514227A (en) Pump
JPH04104175U (ja) 揺動ピストンポンプ
US2643817A (en) Compressor
US2501054A (en) Unloader for pumps
US3310230A (en) Hydraulic gas seal system for pistontype gas compressor
US2938465A (en) Combined high and low pressure pumping apparatus
US2361316A (en) Gas compressor
US3253515A (en) Fluid actuated motor
US3544239A (en) Vacuum operated compound double-acting piston pump or compressor
US2650018A (en) Compressor
US3081707A (en) Rotary pumps and compressors, and like rotary machines
US4400934A (en) Gas turbine unit with auxiliary devices and a compressed air branch or gas under pressure
US1670799A (en) Leakproof compressor
US2732126A (en) Refrigerating apparatus
US3583836A (en) Pump