US3278320A - Refractory - Google Patents
Refractory Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3278320A US3278320A US478980A US47898065A US3278320A US 3278320 A US3278320 A US 3278320A US 478980 A US478980 A US 478980A US 47898065 A US47898065 A US 47898065A US 3278320 A US3278320 A US 3278320A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- refractory
- magnesia
- iron oxide
- chromite
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 97
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 CHROMITE Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 description 4
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 4
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 229920001560 Cyanamer® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CDMADVZSLOHIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane;decahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 CDMADVZSLOHIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/42—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on chromites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/12—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on chromium oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/44—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminates
Definitions
- This invention relates to a refractory composition, for instance, such as is suitable for patching or maintaining a furnace lining, such as a furnace wall or roof; and more particularly it relates to a nonacid gunning composition for such use in high temperature metallurgical furnaces.
- a refractory mix such as nonacid or basic mix, made up of nonacid or basic grain material and a bonding agent
- patching material either by ramming into place or by placement by means of a nozzle-mix gun such as a Ridley gun (made by Ridley and Co.) or a Jet-Crete gun (made by Engineered Equipment, Inc.) or by a slurry gun, in which event the refractory composition is first formed into a slurry with water and is then gunned from a tank in the manner well known in this art.
- the refractory composition of this invention guns well onto a furnace wall, particularly when the latter is in heated state, and bonds well thereto; and that peeling away of the patch material upon further heating is substantially avoided.
- the composition adheres well to the hot surface and remains in good condition for a substantially longer time than other known gunning or ramming compositions for a similar use.
- the refractory composition herein consists essentially of a nonacid aggregate, preferably chosen from the group consisting of chromite, magnesia and mixtures of chromite and magnesia, and the bonding agent or agents shown below.
- One suitable composition consists essentially of from 50% to 95% of chrome ore, or chromite, from 0% to 45% of finely divided nonplastic magnesia, from 1% to of at least one bonding agent chosen from the group consisting of an alkali metal tripolyphosphate and tetra-alkali metal-pyrophosphate, from 0.05% to 3% of a plasticizing agent, and from 0% to 3%, preferably 0.5% to 3%, of finely divided iron oxide, as added.
- One preferred composition consists essentially of from 50% to 95% chromite, from 5% to 45 finely divided nonplastic magnesia, from 1% to 5% of the aforesaid bonding agent, from 1% to 3% of plastic clay and from 0.5 to 3% of finely divided, added iron ox- 3,278,320 Patented Get. 11, race ide.
- the refractory aggregate suitably is an admixture of coarse fired dolomite retained on 35 mesh and a minor amount of nonplastic magnesia passing 35 mesh.
- the chromite component of the present invention is suitably any chrome, or chromite, ore.
- chrome or chromite, ore.
- Masinloc chromite ore there can be employed.
- a Transvaal chrome ore having a typical analysis of the following ranges: 30% to 45% CI'203, t0 Slog, to A1203, to 29% Fe O 0.1% to 3% CaO, and 5% to 20% MgO. Any other desired chrome ore can be employed.
- the chromite component is preferably substantially all finer than 20 mesh when used in a gunning mix and about 50% to 65% of the minus 20 mesh material will pass through a 100 mesh screen.
- the magnesia component of the chromite and magnesia mixtures is any dead burned magnesia material such as periclase, for example, high purity periclase, or dead burned magnesite, etc.; and it is preferred that such magnesia component contain at least about of magnesium oxide.
- magnesia or periclase is the sole nonacid aggregate it is preferably periclase containing at least MgO.
- the magnesia material is fired to such state that there will be substantially no shrinkage upon further firing in place; and therefore a dead burned, hard burned or fused magnesia product is suitable for the magnesia component of the chromite-containing mixtures.
- a minor amount i.e.
- magnesia less than 50% of magnesia, where present, is used in finely divided state, in order to accelerate formation of a ceramic or mineral bond upon firing in place; and such magnesia is preferably employed in sizes of substantially less than 100 mesh.
- high purity periclase is employed as sole aggregate it is preferred to admix from about 0.5 to 1.5%, suitably about 1%, of a hydration inhibitor such as sodium borate decahydrate.
- the plasticizing agent where used is in readily dispersible form, e.g., as soluble in the mixing water or in finely divided form, and if an insoluble solid, is preferably all minus 200 mesh.
- a suitably plastic clay or bentonite can be employed as such plasticizer.
- an organic plasticizing agent such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, a watersoluble polymer of the sodium salt of acrylic acid (Cyanamer 370) and the like.
- from 0.05% to 3 of plasticizing agent is preferably employed. Where such plasticizer is a clay, it should be added in an amount of from 1% to 3%; and where it is an organic plasticizer, preferably from 0.05% to not over 1% is added. Mixtures of the plasticizing agents with each other can be employed, if desired.
- the iron oxide which is added is in very finely divided form and it has been found that an excellent source of iron oxide for this composition is the material which is deposited from the fumes issuing from oxygen steel converters in which a bath of molten metal is blown with oxygen to form steel. Large quantities of fumes issue from such converters during the blow and a major component of such fumes is finely divided iron oxide, substantially 90% passing through a 325 mesh screen. It is preferred that the iron oxide component be substantially entirely passing through a 100 mesh screen, but it is pre ferred for best results that at least 80% pass through a 325 mesh screen.
- any of the so-called precipitator dusts from steel plants, which are high in iron oxide, are suitable for use as the iron oxide component, that is, where they contain at least 85% of iron oxide.
- Another suitable iron oxide material is a very finely ground mill scale, and of the particle sizes noted as preferable herein.
- iron oxide can alternatively be provided by free iron oxide in the chromite ore employed; and in such event, added iron oxide may not be required, or a lesser amount may be required to provide total iron oxide within the range stated.
- the alkali metal tripolyphosphate which is employed as a bonding agent in the present composition has the following typical chemical composition: M P O where M is an alkali metal, such as sodium, potassium or lithium.
- M is an alkali metal, such as sodium, potassium or lithium.
- a preferred material is sodium tripolyphosphate Na P O also known as pentasodiumtriphosphate.
- a tetra-alkali metalpyrophosphate such as tetrasodium pyrophosphate, Na P O -10H O, which contains a minimum of 63.5% P in combination with Na O, or tetrapotassium pyrophosphate.
- the aggregate e.g., the chromite, magnesia, etc., the tripolyphosphate or tetrasodium py-rophosphate, or like salt, plasticizing agent and iron oxide components are mixed together in any desired sequence of steps and can be shipped and stored for use as desired. It is preferred that the material be kept out of contact with water until time for use because it readily sets up or bonds together in the cold upon the addition of water.
- the composition readily bonds to either hot or cold furnace wall surfaces; and that, as a gunning mix, it can be readily applied by means of the usual gunning devices, preferably a slurry gun, for such application of refractory materials. It is a particular advantage of the present invention that the composition is resistant to spalling, peeling and cracking under furnace operating conditions.
- gunning devices preferably a slurry gun
- EXAMPLE 1 A composition useful as a gunning mix is prepared as follows: There are admixed Masinloc chrome ore of the chemical composition and the particle sizing shown below, periclase as shown below, and the other ingredients, all in the amounts indicated:
- Precipitator dust from oxygen steel converter fumes (The precipitator dust contains 90% of particles passing through a 325 mesh screen and contains 90% of iron oxide.)
- the above ingredients are thoroughly intermixed and are shipped to the place of use where the mix is slurried in 2030% by weight of water and is applied to a hot furnace wall by means of a slurry gun of the type well known in this art. If desired, the slurry mix is placed in the gun device and the whole is then transported to the job. The mix is forced from the gun chamber by air pressure into the feed line where auxiliary air pressure forces it along and out through the nozzle, directed to the furnace wall.
- the gunning mix is applied to a hot open hearth furnace wall with the following results: A thin coating to V2 inch thick) is applied to the hot faces of existing refractory walls or roofs, and upon burning in forms a monolithic coating on the existing refractories, when? it absorbs fluxes which would otherwise attack the existing refractories and thus the mix protects the refractories and delays wear thereon.
- a very satisfactory gunning mix is obtained by admixing from 50% to chromite grains, from 5% to 45% finely divided nonplastic magnesia, from 3% to 3.5% sodium tripolyphosphate, from 1% to 3% bentonite and from 1% to 1.5% finely divided iron oxide, e.g. precipitator dust from oxygen converters as described above.v
- Example 1 1.0% of the finely divided iron oxide as shown in Example 1 and 3.2% sodium tripolyphosphate.
- the composition is applicable to a furnace wall by gunning in a manner as in Example 1.
- a further composition useful in this invention is prepared by admixing 94.3% of periclase of particle sizes about 17% by weight passing 20 mesh and retained on 65 mesh, 27% by weight passing 65 and retained on 200 mesh, 13% passing 200 and retained on 325 mesh and 37.3% passing 325 mesh, this periclase having a typical chemical analysis of 2.1% SiO 1.0% CaO, 0.4% Cr O 0.4% A1 0 0.6% R2 0 95.5% MgO (by difference); and 3.2% sodium tripolyphosphate, 1.5 bentonite and 1% sodium borate decahydrate.
- This composition is also applicable to a furnace wall by gunning as in the previous examples.
- the refractory composition of the present invention is suitable for use in high temperature furnaces, such as metallurgical furnaces, for instance open hearth furnaces and others.
- composition of the present invention instead of the sodium tripolyphosphate described above in the example, there can alternatively be employed a tripolyphosphate of potassium, lithium, ammonium or other alkali metal, ammonium being considered here as an alkali metal or equivalent thereof, except that the ammonium compound yields unpleasant fumes of decomposition upon mixing or burning in.
- the plasticizer Cyanamer 370 referred to hereinabove is made and distributed by American Cyanamid Company.
- Another suitable plasticizer is Carbopol 370R, made by B. F. Goodrich Chemical Company, which is a water-soluble resin.
- the mix contains, on the refractory oxide basis, from to 95% chromite and from 95% to 5% magnesia.
- Refractory composition consisting essentially of nonacid refractory particles chosen from the group consisting of magnesia, chromite, and mixtures of magnesia and chromite, from 1% to 5% of at least one bonding agent chosen from the group consisting of alkali metal tripolyphosphate and tetra-alkali metal-pyrophosphate, from 0% to 3% plasticizing agent, and from 0% to 3% added finely divided iron oxide.
- Refractory composition consisting essentially of from 50% to 95% chromite grains, from 0% to 45% finely divided nonplastic magnesia, from 1% to 5% of at least one bonding agent chosen from the group consisting of alkali metal tripolyphosphate and tetra-alkali metal-pyrophosphate, from 0.05% to 3% plasticizing agent, and from 0% to 3% added finely divided iron oxide.
- Refractory composition as in claim 2 wherein said bonding agent is sodium tripolyphosphate.
- Refractory composition as in claim 2 wherein said finely divided iron oxide is a dust recovered as a precipitate from the fumes issuing from an oxygen converter and contains at least 85% iron oxide.
- Refractory gunning mix consisting essentially of from 50% to 95% chromite grains passing a 20 mesh screen, from 0% to 45 finely divided nonplastic magnesia passing 100 mesh, from 1% to 5% of at least one bonding substance chosen from the group consisting of alkali metal tripolyphosphates and tetra-alkali metalpyrophosphates, from 0.05% to 3% of a plasticizing agent, and from 0.5 to 3% finely divided iron oxide.
- a refractory gunning mix consisting essentially of from 50% to 90% chromite, from 5% to 45 finely divided nonplastic magnesia, from 3% to 3.5% sodium tripolyphosphate, from 1% to 3% plastic clay, and from 1% to 1.5% finely divided iron oxide.
- Refractory gunning mix consisting essentially of about 82% chromite of particle size passing 20 mesh and 50% to 65% passing 100 mesh, 13% periclase of particle size passing 100 mesh, 3% to 3.5% sodium tripolyphosphate, 1% bentonite and from 1% to 1.5 iron oxide recovered from the fumes issuing from a zone wherein steel is produced by blowing molten ferrous metal with oxygen.
- Refractory composition consisting essentially of periclase particles, from 1% to 5% of at least one bonding agent chosen from the group consisting of alkali metal tripolyphosphate and tetra-alkali metal-pyrophosphate, from 0% to 3% plasticizing agent, and from 0% to 3% added finely divided iron oxide.
- a refractory admixture consisting essentially of from 5% to chromite, from 95% to 5% nonplastic magnesia, said chromite and said magnesia being expressed on the refractory oxide basis from 3% to 3.5 sodium tripolyphosphate, from 1% to 3% plastic clay and from 1% to 1.5% finely divided iron oxide, admixing therewith water in an amount of from 20% to 30% by weight of said admixture to form a slurry, and gunning said slurry onto a furnace wall.
- a refractory admixture consisting essentially of nonacid refractory particles chosen from the group consisting of high purity periclase, chromite, and mixtures of magnesia and chromite, from 1% to 5% of at least one bonding agent chosen from the group consisting of alkali metal tripolyphosphate and tetra-alkali metal-pyrophosphate, from 0.05% to 3% plasticizing agent and from 0% to 3% finely divided iron oxide, admixing water therewith in an amount of from 20% to 30% by weight of said admixture to form a slurry, and gunning said slurry onto a furnace wall.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US478980A US3278320A (en) | 1965-08-11 | 1965-08-11 | Refractory |
GB35270/66A GB1141623A (en) | 1965-08-11 | 1966-08-05 | Improvements in or relating to refractory compositions |
BE685286D BE685286A (da) | 1965-08-11 | 1966-08-09 | |
SE10849/66A SE302098B (da) | 1965-08-11 | 1966-08-10 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US478980A US3278320A (en) | 1965-08-11 | 1965-08-11 | Refractory |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3278320A true US3278320A (en) | 1966-10-11 |
Family
ID=23902182
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US478980A Expired - Lifetime US3278320A (en) | 1965-08-11 | 1965-08-11 | Refractory |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3278320A (da) |
BE (1) | BE685286A (da) |
GB (1) | GB1141623A (da) |
SE (1) | SE302098B (da) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3357843A (en) * | 1966-01-10 | 1967-12-12 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Refractory bonding composition |
US3392037A (en) * | 1965-07-16 | 1968-07-09 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Refractory shape |
US3406029A (en) * | 1966-06-22 | 1968-10-15 | Gen Refractories Co | Plastic chrome ore composition |
JPS5193919A (da) * | 1975-02-15 | 1976-08-18 | ||
FR2324587A1 (fr) * | 1973-01-15 | 1977-04-15 | Set Products | Composition de liant |
US4276091A (en) * | 1980-03-27 | 1981-06-30 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Refractory gun mix |
DE3421529A1 (de) * | 1983-06-13 | 1984-12-13 | Norton Co., Worcester, Mass. | Chrommagnesia-stampfmasse |
USRE32329E (en) * | 1978-03-20 | 1987-01-13 | Method of adhering mineral deposit in wood fragment surfaces | |
US4751208A (en) * | 1985-07-10 | 1988-06-14 | Nippon Chemical Industrial Co., Inc. | Method of producing a spinel type ceramic sintered body |
US5116420A (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1992-05-26 | Schneider John F | Homogeneous composition of cementitious and tar components and process for forming shaped articles therefrom |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2077258A (en) * | 1935-06-26 | 1937-04-13 | Pitt Norman Percy | Soluble silicate binder and method of making and using the same |
US2372236A (en) * | 1941-09-27 | 1945-03-27 | Titanium Alloy Mfg Co | Refractory composition |
US3010166A (en) * | 1958-08-04 | 1961-11-28 | John H S Skoning | Mold for casting operations |
US3057740A (en) * | 1959-08-05 | 1962-10-09 | John H S Skoning | Inorganic binder for refractory materials |
US3093496A (en) * | 1959-02-12 | 1963-06-11 | Quigley Co | Heat resisting coating composition and method of applying it to the basic refractory surface of a furnace |
-
1965
- 1965-08-11 US US478980A patent/US3278320A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1966
- 1966-08-05 GB GB35270/66A patent/GB1141623A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-08-09 BE BE685286D patent/BE685286A/xx unknown
- 1966-08-10 SE SE10849/66A patent/SE302098B/xx unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2077258A (en) * | 1935-06-26 | 1937-04-13 | Pitt Norman Percy | Soluble silicate binder and method of making and using the same |
US2372236A (en) * | 1941-09-27 | 1945-03-27 | Titanium Alloy Mfg Co | Refractory composition |
US3010166A (en) * | 1958-08-04 | 1961-11-28 | John H S Skoning | Mold for casting operations |
US3093496A (en) * | 1959-02-12 | 1963-06-11 | Quigley Co | Heat resisting coating composition and method of applying it to the basic refractory surface of a furnace |
US3057740A (en) * | 1959-08-05 | 1962-10-09 | John H S Skoning | Inorganic binder for refractory materials |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3392037A (en) * | 1965-07-16 | 1968-07-09 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Refractory shape |
US3357843A (en) * | 1966-01-10 | 1967-12-12 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Refractory bonding composition |
US3406029A (en) * | 1966-06-22 | 1968-10-15 | Gen Refractories Co | Plastic chrome ore composition |
FR2324587A1 (fr) * | 1973-01-15 | 1977-04-15 | Set Products | Composition de liant |
JPS5193919A (da) * | 1975-02-15 | 1976-08-18 | ||
JPS5427847B2 (da) * | 1975-02-15 | 1979-09-12 | ||
USRE32329E (en) * | 1978-03-20 | 1987-01-13 | Method of adhering mineral deposit in wood fragment surfaces | |
US4276091A (en) * | 1980-03-27 | 1981-06-30 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Refractory gun mix |
DE3421529A1 (de) * | 1983-06-13 | 1984-12-13 | Norton Co., Worcester, Mass. | Chrommagnesia-stampfmasse |
US4507395A (en) * | 1983-06-13 | 1985-03-26 | Norton Company | Chromia-magnesia ramming cement |
US4751208A (en) * | 1985-07-10 | 1988-06-14 | Nippon Chemical Industrial Co., Inc. | Method of producing a spinel type ceramic sintered body |
US5116420A (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1992-05-26 | Schneider John F | Homogeneous composition of cementitious and tar components and process for forming shaped articles therefrom |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1141623A (en) | 1969-01-29 |
BE685286A (da) | 1967-01-16 |
SE302098B (da) | 1968-07-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
NO162219B (no) | Strippemiddel og anvendelse av dette. | |
US3278320A (en) | Refractory | |
US3181959A (en) | Refractory | |
US3285758A (en) | Basic refractory compositions for intermediate temperature zones | |
US3357842A (en) | Furnace and refractory | |
US2912341A (en) | Castable refractory | |
US2516892A (en) | Refractory concrete | |
US2809126A (en) | Composition and method of coating the refractory surface of a furnace herewith | |
US3193402A (en) | Refractory composition for repairing furnaces | |
US3257217A (en) | Refractory | |
US3540897A (en) | Gunnable refractory | |
US4383045A (en) | Magnesia refractories bonded with sulfamic acid | |
US3333972A (en) | Refractory products and method | |
CN1202039C (zh) | 热阻体及其生产方法、生产耐火成型体的配料、耐火成型体及其生产方法 | |
US2537013A (en) | Refractory bonding method and refractories produced thereby | |
US3262793A (en) | Refractory | |
US2626871A (en) | Chemically bonded carbon refractory | |
US3141785A (en) | Refractory shapes and method of making same | |
US3030216A (en) | Refractory composition | |
US3490930A (en) | Refractory composition | |
US3232774A (en) | Refractory composition and method of producing same | |
US3998648A (en) | Monolithic refractories | |
JP3118522B2 (ja) | レススラグ操業転炉用熱間補修吹付材 | |
US3208862A (en) | Mortar | |
US4843044A (en) | Refractory composition |